CN115539581A - Transmission with bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism and working method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission with a bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism and a working method thereof, and the transmission comprises a transmission body and at least one bidirectional combination mechanism arranged in the transmission body, wherein the bidirectional combination mechanism comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, a first roller, a second roller, an elastic body for providing elasticity for the first roller and the second roller and a blocking device are arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the blocking device is used for limiting the first roller to enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring so as to be beneficial to ensuring that the outer ring positively rotates and exceeds the inner ring. The invention has reasonable design, simple structure, convenient and ingenious operation, no need of power interruption in the gear shifting process, quick gear shifting process, smooth gear shifting, no impact or pause caused by too early or too late braking process, and is beneficial to improving the service life of the transmission and the driving comfort.

Description

Transmission with bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transmission with a bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism and a working method thereof.

Background

In the field of automobile transmissions, a dry clutch and a multi-plate wet clutch are widely applied, a low-gear one-way overrunning clutch is generally arranged below a low-gear brake and a reverse-gear brake of an existing planetary gear transmission, the brake and the overrunning clutch are matched for use, combination and separation of the clutches in a gear shifting process can be well controlled, impact or pause caused by combination and separation too early or too late is avoided, but in order to ensure effective braking under various working conditions, high friction coefficient and more friction plates are needed, and high actuating force is needed, so that the energy consumption is large, the size is large, the cost is high, in higher friction force, more grinding chips are generated, lubricating oil is polluted, faults of the transmission are easily caused, or the service life is influenced, in order to solve the problems, in recent years, controllable multi-state overrunning clutches are developed, but the disclosed controllable overrunning clutch needs to be specially provided with an operating mechanism for controlling the separation and combination of the overrunning clutch, and has the defects of complex control structure, complex control process and insufficient gear shifting timeliness.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention improves the problems, namely the technical problem to be solved is to provide the transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism and the working method thereof, and the transmission is ingenious in structure and convenient to use.

The bidirectional combination mechanism comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, wherein a first roller, a second roller, an elastic body and a blocking device are arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, the elastic body is used for providing elasticity for the first roller and the second roller, and the blocking device is used for limiting the first roller to enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring so as to be beneficial to ensuring the positive rotation and overtaking of the outer ring.

Furthermore, stop device including stopping the piece, stopping frame and return spring, it is equipped with and stops the piece inclined plane to stop the piece left side, stops the piece and is equipped with the face that blocks that parallels with derailleur body axis in stopping piece inclined plane homonymy, the inner circle periphery is provided with at least one and is used for with the spacing groove that stops piece matched with, and this spacing groove right-hand member seals, and the return spring left end is connected with the stopper, and the return spring right-hand member is connected with the blind end in spacing groove.

Further, it is equipped with a plurality of barrier strips to block the frame inboard, blocks strip and first roller one-to-one, it still is provided with the blocking groove to block the frame inboard, the blocking groove corresponds the setting with the spacing groove of inner circle to form and be used for the installation to block the piece space of piece, it includes the left section of blocking groove and blocks the groove right section to block the groove, it is the plane of blocking groove to block groove left section internal surface, it is the inclined plane of blocking groove to block groove right section internal surface, it is corresponding with the inclined plane of blocking the piece to block the groove inclined plane.

Furthermore, the inner ring is a star wheel, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner ring, roller holes corresponding to the V-shaped grooves are formed in the blocking frame, roller spaces for accommodating the first rollers and the second rollers are formed by the roller holes and the V-shaped grooves, and at least one elastic body hole is formed in the inner bottom of each V-shaped groove and used for installing an elastic body.

Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the bottom of the V-shaped groove, a third roller is arranged in the arc-shaped groove, the elastic body is arranged between the third roller and the arc-shaped groove, the first roller and the second roller are respectively arranged on two inclined planes on the inner side of the V-shaped groove, the first roller is arranged on one side of the third roller in the forward rotation direction, and the second roller is arranged on one side of the third roller in the reverse rotation direction.

Further, the transmission body comprises a shell, an actuator, a push disc and a baffle, wherein the actuator, the push disc and the baffle are arranged inside the shell from left to right, the push disc is connected with the inner ring in a sliding mode through an inner peripheral spline, the baffle is fixedly connected with the inner ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected with the shell, the outer ring is fixedly connected with the pressure plate, the left side of the blocking block is abutted to the push disc, and the two-way braking gear shifting mechanism is formed by the blocking block and the two-way combination mechanism.

Further, the inside normally closed clutch that is equipped with of derailleur body, normally closed clutch includes the clutch drum, clutch drum right side sets up the pressure disk, the pressure disk periphery passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, set up a plurality of compression spring between clutch drum and pressure disk, the compression spring both ends are butt clutch drum and pressure disk respectively, the pressure disk right side is provided with the friction pair, the friction pair includes outer plate and inlayer, the outer plate periphery of friction pair passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, the vice right side of friction is provided with the backing sheet, the backing sheet periphery passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, be provided with the jump ring on the clutch drum of backing sheet right side, jump ring restriction backing sheet moves maximum position to the right side.

Further, the inside gear drive that is equipped with of derailleur body, gear drive is the planetary gear structure, and the planetary gear structure contains sun gear, ring gear and planet carrier assembly, the planet carrier assembly includes planet carrier, planet wheel axle and planet wheel and the bearing in the middle of the planet wheel axle, and the ring gear setting is in the sun gear periphery, and a plurality of planet wheel equipartition is between sun gear and ring gear, and a plurality of planet wheel and sun gear, ring gear all are connected through gear engagement's mode, and the planet wheel passes through the bearing and is connected with planet wheel axle rotation, and planet wheel axle both ends all with planet carrier fixed connection to constitute a planet row.

Furthermore, an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged in the transmission body, the input shaft is fixedly connected with a sun wheel or in spline connection, the output shaft is fixedly connected with a planet carrier or in spline connection, a gear ring is in sliding connection with a support sheet through a peripheral spline, a clutch hub is sleeved on the periphery of the input shaft, the inner periphery of the clutch hub is fixedly connected with the input shaft or in spline connection, and the outer periphery of the clutch hub is in sliding connection with an inner plate of a friction pair of the normally closed clutch through a spline.

Further, the working method of the transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism comprises the following steps: (1) in an initial state: the actuator does not apply axial thrust to the push disc, the push disc and the blocking block are both positioned at the leftmost position under the action of the return spring, the blocking block is positioned in the left section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the blocking surface on the right side of the blocking block and the left Duan Dijie of the blocking groove of the blocking frame limit forward rotation of the blocking frame, the first roller is limited in a larger space between an inner ring and an outer ring by the blocking strip and cannot be wedged tightly, so that the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state, the normally closed clutch is in a combined state under the action of the compression spring, the sun gear is synchronized with the gear ring by the normally closed clutch through the input shaft and the clutch hub, so that the planet carrier is clamped synchronously, the transmission is in a direct gear state, namely a two gear state, and at the moment, if the power source of the actuator fails, the vehicle can still directly block limp; (2) In the step (1), if a vehicle driving system fails, the transmission has a backward slope slipping prevention function, if the vehicle has a backward slip tendency, the output shaft drives the planet carrier to have a backward tendency, so that the normally closed clutch is driven to have a backward tendency, and further the pressure plate and the outer ring are driven to have a backward tendency; (3) in the case of no rotation of both the input shaft and the output shaft: when the actuator applies axial force to the push disc and pushes the push disc to the rightmost designed position, the movement distance of the pressure disc is extremely small because the pressure disc is blocked by the baffle plate, the clutch drum continuously moves rightwards to be in contact with the pressure disc under the action of the push disc, the clutch drum moves rightwards to drive the clamp spring to move rightwards, so that a gap is generated between the friction pairs of the normally closed clutch, and the normally closed clutch is in a separated state; at the moment, the blocking block is pushed to the wider position of the right section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the elastic body pushes the blocking frame to rotate in the positive direction through the third roller and the first roller, the first roller enters the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly, the second roller is still positioned in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly at any time, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state; (4) backing up: the gear ring is not braked or combined and is in a free state, if the input shaft has a reverse trend, the sun gear is driven to reverse, the gear ring has a forward trend according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the pressure plate is driven to have a forward trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, at the moment, the first roller is positioned in a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring is wedged tightly against the first roller, so that the pressure plate is braked, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward combination state, the gear ring is braked through the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier to drive the vehicle to reverse, the sun gear input, the gear ring brake and the planet carrier output according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the speed ratio is maximum, and is a first gear, namely, at the vehicle backs at the moment, at the first gear ratio is adopted; (5) first gear advancing: in a stopping state, if the input shaft rotates forwards, the sun gear is driven to rotate forwards, according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the gear ring has a reverse trend at the moment, the pressure plate is driven by the support sheet and the clutch drum to have a reverse trend, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state at the moment, so that the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked by the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier, and the vehicle moves forwards at a first gear ratio; (6) first-gear power feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when power is fed in a first gear, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft is pulled reversely, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the gear ring is still braked because the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combination state, at the moment, the sun rotates forwards and rotates forwards at a speed increasing speed relative to the output shaft according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, and a power transmission route is transmitted to a driving motor from wheels through the output shaft, the planet carrier assembly, the sun wheel and the input shaft to supply the driving motor to generate power; (7) ascending from first gear to second gear: under the condition that the first gear advances, removing the axial thrust of the actuator, wherein in the removing process, along with the gradual reduction of the pressure of the clutch drum by the push disc, the clutch drum gradually moves leftwards under the action of the compression spring so as to push the push disc to move leftwards, the thrust of the push disc to the blocking block is gradually reduced, the blocking block also gradually moves leftwards under the action of the return spring, in the left moving process of the blocking block, the blocking block pushes the blocking frame to rotate along the reverse direction through the inclined surface of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the reverse direction of the blocking frame rotates to drive the first roller to move towards the bottom of the V-shaped groove, the first roller leaves the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and enters a larger space at the bottom of the groove, and cannot be wedged tightly when the outer ring rotates forwards, at the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state until the push disc and the blocking block are pushed to the leftmost position, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is completely in a forward overrunning state; the clutch drum is driven by a clamp spring to gradually press a support sheet to a friction pair of the normally closed clutch in the process of gradually moving left under the action of a compression spring, then the friction pair is combined in the process of sliding and grinding, a clutch hub and a gear ring are gradually synchronous in the process of combining the friction pair, namely a sun gear and the gear ring are synchronous through the normally closed clutch, a planet carrier assembly is clamped by the sun gear and the gear ring to be synchronous according to the motion rule of a planetary gear, the speed ratio is 1, at the moment, the speed ratio is two, and power passes through the sun gear, the planet carrier assembly, the normally closed clutch, the gear ring and the planet carrier assembly from an input shaft and finally reaches an output shaft; (8) secondary feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when feeding electricity at the second gear, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the normally closed clutch keeps combining, the sun gear and the gear ring still clamp the planet carrier assembly to be synchronous, the sun gear still rotates forwards and has the same rotating speed as the output shaft, and the feeding power transmission route is opposite to the driving transmission route at the second gear; (9) from second gear to first gear: under the condition of two-stage forward movement, the actuator applies pressure to the push disc and gradually increases the pressure, the push disc pushes the blocking block to gradually move rightwards, after the blocking face of the blocking block is separated from the blocking groove plane of the blocking frame, the blocking block inclined plane is opposite to the blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame, the blocking frame rotates rightwards under the action of the elastic body, the blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame is in contact with the blocking block inclined plane, the blocking frame is still limited in the front section time of the right movement process of the blocking block, the blocking frame keeps limiting on the first roller, the normally closed clutch cannot be wedged tightly in the sliding grinding process, forward rotation is kept until the push disc pushes the blocking block to the designed rightmost position, the blocking frame is enabled to have enough space to rotate rightwards, the elastic body pushes the first roller to the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring through the third roller, the elastic body can be wedged tightly positively at any time, the corresponding blocking frame does not continue to rotate rightwards, and the blocking inclined plane of the blocking frame is separated from the blocking block inclined plane of the blocking block; meanwhile, as the thrust of the push disc to the clutch drum is gradually increased, the pressure of the clutch drum to the friction pair of the normally closed clutch through the support sheet is gradually reduced, and when the combination torque of the normally closed clutch is smaller than the rotating torque of the input shaft, the normally closed clutch is separated in the sliding process; (10) Before the normally closed clutch is completely separated, the first roller is in a blocked state by the blocking frame, the first roller cannot enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and cannot be wedged tightly, the clutch drum can still drive the pressure plate and the outer ring to rotate forwards, in the sliding and grinding process of the normally closed clutch, the forward rotation speed of the gear ring is gradually reduced by the acting force of the sun wheel acting on the gear ring through the planet wheel, when the rotation speed of the gear ring is reduced to 0 and the gear ring starts to rotate backwards, the gear ring drives the pressure plate and the outer ring to have a reverse rotation trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, the second roller in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked, then the actuator continues to apply pressure to the push plate until the blocking block is pushed to the rightmost designed position, the gear ring is bidirectionally braked and locked, meanwhile, the clutch drum moves rightwards to the designed limit position, the normally closed clutch is completely separated, and the transmission is reduced to the first gear.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) One actuator controls the first gear, the second gear and the reverse gear to be switched, and meanwhile, the first gear and the reverse gear braking mechanism are integrated into a bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism, so that the gear shifting mechanism has the advantages of few parts, small size, low cost and energy conservation; (2) Compared with the traditional transmission provided with a wet-type multi-plate clutch, the multi-plate wet-type clutch and the corresponding actuator are omitted, so that the cost is reduced, the generation of abrasive dust is reduced, the heat productivity is reduced, the cleanness of the interior of the transmission is facilitated, the failure rate is facilitated to be reduced, and the service life is prolonged; (3) Compared with the disclosed controllable multi-state overrunning clutch, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism has the advantages of simple control and instant braking, so that the gear shifting process is smoother, more stable and faster; (4) The automatic anti-slope-sliding device has the functions of automatic anti-slope-sliding under the conditions of two-gear running, power failure or shutdown and flameout without additionally installing other devices or electrically controlling intervention, and the safety performance of the vehicle is improved; (5) When the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state, the second roller and the third roller are rolling bodies, so that the second roller is easy to roll, the outer ring and the second roller are in a good rolling state, the friction force is small, the energy loss in the rotating process can be ignored, and therefore, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is beneficial to energy conservation and direct gear high-speed rotation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a second enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bi-directional coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of an inner ring and baffle of an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of a bi-directional coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a barrier frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the first, second and third rollers and inner race configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a stop block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a prism configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-housing, 2-actuator, 3-pushplate, 4-plain bearing, 5-normally closed clutch, 6-damper, 7-input shaft, 8-output shaft, 9-double clutch, 901-inner ring, 902-outer ring, 903-barrier, 904-barrier, 905-barrier bevel, 906-return spring, 907-first roller, 908-second roller, 909-third roller, 910-elastomer, 911-V groove, 912-spacing groove, 913-elastomer groove, 914-blocking groove, 915-blocking groove left segment, 916-blocking groove right segment, 917-blocking strip, 918-blocking surface, 919-roller hole, prism-prism, 10-920, 11-clutch drum, 12-compression spring, 13-outer segment, 14-inner segment, 15-support segment, 16-snap spring, 17-hub, 18-sun wheel, clutch, 19-sun wheel, 20-platen shaft, 21-ring gear, 22-planet gear.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example (b): referring to fig. 1 to 10, a transmission with a bidirectional coupling gear shifting mechanism is provided, which includes a transmission body and at least one bidirectional coupling mechanism 9 disposed in the transmission body, where the bidirectional coupling mechanism includes an outer ring 902 and an inner ring 901, a first roller 907, a second roller 908, an elastic body 910 for providing elastic force to the first and second rollers, and a blocking device disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring, where the blocking device is configured to limit the first roller from entering a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring, so as to avoid being wedged, thereby ensuring that the outer ring is rotated forward and beyond; meanwhile, when the first roller is not blocked, the two-way combination mechanism is combined.

In this embodiment, stop device is including stopping piece 904, stopping frame 903 and return spring 906, it is equipped with and stops piece inclined plane 905 to stop the piece left side, stops the piece and is equipped with the face 918 that blocks that parallels with derailleur body axis in stopping piece inclined plane homonymy, the inner circle periphery is provided with at least one and is used for with the spacing groove 912 that blocks piece matched with, and the spacing groove also parallels with derailleur body axis, and this spacing groove right-hand member seals, and the return spring left end is connected with the stopper, and the return spring right-hand member is connected with the blind end of spacing groove.

The blocking block can also be a wedge block, a ball, a square block with an inclined plane at one end or a cylinder, preferably, the blocking block adopts a square block with an inclined plane at one end, the forward rotation direction of the inclined plane of the blocking block is higher than the reverse rotation direction, the front of the inclined plane of the blocking block is provided with a blocking surface parallel to the axis of the speed changer body, and the inclined plane of the blocking block is positioned on the left side of the square block.

In this embodiment, the outer race is designed according to the outer race requirements of a conventional internal spider overrunning clutch.

In this embodiment, a plurality of blocking strips 917 are disposed inside the blocking frame, the blocking strips correspond to the first rollers one by one, and the blocking strips are perpendicular to the rotation direction of the first rollers.

In this embodiment, it still is provided with and blocks groove 914 to block the frame inboard, block the spacing groove correspondence setting of groove and inner circle to form and be used for the installation to block the piece space that blocks of piece, block the groove including blocking groove left section 915 and blocking groove right section 916, block groove left section internal surface for blocking the groove plane, block groove right section internal surface for blocking the groove inclined plane, it is corresponding with the piece inclined plane that blocks to block the groove inclined plane.

Under the action of a return spring in an initial state, the blocking block enables the blocking frame to rotate reversely through component force of the blocking groove inclined plane on the blocking frame in the rotating direction, so that the blocking strip on the blocking frame pushes the first roller to the bottom of the V-shaped groove, the first roller is separated from a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring, the first roller cannot be wedged tightly, and the outer ring can rotate forwards to exceed the rotating direction.

It should be noted here that a second blocking frame may be further provided, a blocking bar perpendicular to the rotation direction of the second roller is disposed on the second blocking frame along the reverse rotation direction of the second roller, correspondingly, a second limiting groove is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner ring, a second blocking groove is disposed on the second blocking frame, and a second blocking block and a second return spring are disposed at the same time.

In this embodiment, the inner ring is a star wheel, a plurality of V-shaped grooves 911 are formed in the outer periphery of the inner ring, roller holes 919 corresponding to the V-shaped grooves are formed in the blocking frame, roller spaces for accommodating the first roller and the second roller are formed by the roller holes and the V-shaped grooves, and at least one elastomer hole 913 is formed in the inner bottom of each V-shaped groove and used for installing an elastomer.

In this embodiment, an arc groove is disposed at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, a third roller 909 is disposed in the arc groove, the elastic body is disposed between the third roller and the arc groove, the first roller and the second roller are respectively disposed at two inclined planes at the inner side of the V-shaped groove, the first roller is disposed at one side of the third roller in the forward rotation direction, and the second roller is disposed at one side of the third roller in the reverse rotation direction.

The elastic body can be a spring, a spring sheet, rubber or other objects with certain elastic deformation; preferably, when the elastic body is a spring, one end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the hole of the elastic body, and the other end of the spring is connected with the third roller.

Optionally, an elastic sheet is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the V-shaped groove, two sides of the elastic sheet abut against the first roller and the second roller respectively, and two sides of the elastic sheet can generate elastic force, so that the first roller and the second roller can move upwards to two inclined planes of the V-shaped groove respectively and enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the third roller is replaced with a triangular prism, one side of which is connected to the elastic body, and the other two sides of which are connected to the first roller and the second roller, respectively, and the elastic body applies a thrust force into a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring to the first roller and the second roller through the triangular prism.

In this embodiment, the derailleur body includes casing 1 and sets up stopper 2, push away dish 3 and baffle 6 inside the casing from left to right, pushes away the dish through inner peripheral spline and inner circle sliding connection, baffle and inner circle fixed connection, inner circle and casing fixed connection, outer lane and pressure disk fixed connection, blocks the piece left side butt and pushes away the dish for constitute a two-way braking gearshift with two-way combination mechanism.

Alternatively, when the inner race is grounded or splined to the rotating device, then the above mechanism forms a two-way clutch shift mechanism.

In this embodiment, the inside normally closed clutch 5 that is equipped with of derailleur body, normally closed clutch includes clutch drum 11, clutch drum right side sets up pressure disk 10, the pressure disk periphery passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, set up a plurality of compression spring 12 between clutch drum and pressure disk, the compression spring both ends butt clutch drum and pressure disk respectively, the pressure disk right side is provided with the friction pair, the friction pair includes outer piece 13 and inner piece 14, the outer piece periphery of friction pair passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, the friction pair right side is provided with backing sheet 15, the backing sheet periphery passes through spline and clutch drum sliding connection, be provided with jump ring 16 on the clutch drum of backing sheet right side, jump ring restriction backing sheet moves maximum position to the right side.

And plane bearings 4 are arranged between the push disc and the clutch drum and between the baffle plate and the outer ring.

In this embodiment, when the pressure plate is fixedly connected with the outer ring, the two-way coupling mechanism and the normally closed clutch form a linkage interlocking gear shifting mechanism.

In this embodiment, the inside gear drive that is equipped with of derailleur body, gear drive can be planetary gear, also can be parallel axis gear drive, and is preferred, gear drive is the planetary gear structure, and the planetary gear structure contains sun gear 18, ring gear 22 and planet carrier assembly, the planet carrier assembly includes planet carrier 21, planet wheel axle 20 and planet wheel and the middle bearing of planet wheel axle, and ring gear 22 sets up in the sun wheel periphery, and a plurality of planet wheel equipartition is between sun wheel and ring gear, and a plurality of planet wheel all is connected through the gear engagement's mode with sun wheel, ring gear, and the planet wheel passes through the bearing and is connected with planet wheel axle rotation, and planet wheel axle both ends all with planet carrier fixed connection to constitute a planet row.

In this embodiment, an input shaft 7 and an output shaft 8 are arranged inside the transmission body, the input shaft is fixedly connected or splined with a sun gear, the output shaft is fixedly connected or splined with a planet carrier 21, a gear ring 22 is slidably connected with a support sheet 16 through an outer spline, a clutch hub 17 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft, the inner periphery of the clutch hub 17 is fixedly connected or splined with the input shaft, and the outer periphery of the clutch hub is slidably connected with an inner sheet of a friction pair of a normally closed clutch through a spline.

In this embodiment, in operation:

(1) In the initial state: the actuator does not apply axial thrust to the push disc, the push disc and the blocking block are both located at the leftmost position under the action of the return spring, the blocking block is located in the left section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the blocking surface on the right side of the blocking block and the left blocking groove Duan Dijie of the blocking frame are used for limiting the blocking frame to rotate in the forward direction, the first roller is limited in a larger space between the inner ring and the outer ring by the blocking strip and cannot be wedged tightly, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state, the normally closed clutch is in a combined state under the action of the compression spring, the sun gear is synchronized with the gear ring through the input shaft, the clutch hub and the normally closed clutch, the planet carrier is clamped to be synchronized, the transmission is in a direct gear state, namely a two-gear state, and the vehicle can still directly gear limp if the power source of the actuator fails.

Under the condition that a second blocking frame is not arranged, if a vehicle driving system fails, the transmission has a backward slope slipping prevention function, because if the vehicle tends to slip backward, the output shaft drives the planet carrier to have a backward tendency, so that the normally closed clutch is driven to have a backward tendency, and further the pressure plate and the outer ring are driven to have a backward tendency.

(2) In the absence of rotation of both the input shaft and the output shaft: when the actuator applies axial force to the push disc and pushes the push disc to the rightmost designed position, the movement distance is extremely small because the pressure disc is blocked by the baffle plate, the clutch drum continues to move rightwards under the action of the push disc to be contacted with the pressure disc, the clutch drum moves rightwards to drive the clamp spring to move rightwards, so that a gap is generated between friction pairs of the normally closed clutch, and the normally closed clutch is in a separation state; at the moment, the blocking block is pushed to the wider position of the right section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the elastic body pushes the blocking frame to rotate in the forward direction through the third roller and the first roller, the first roller enters the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly, the second roller is still located in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly at any time, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state.

(3) Backing: the gear ring is not braked or combined and is in a free state, if the input shaft has a reverse trend, the sun gear is driven to reverse, the gear ring has a forward trend according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the pressure plate is driven to have a forward trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, the outer ring is wedged tightly against the first roller because the first roller is positioned in a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring at the moment, so that the pressure plate is braked, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward combination state, the gear ring is braked through the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier to drive the vehicle to back, the sun gear input, the gear ring brake and the planet carrier output according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the speed ratio is maximum, and the gear ratio is one gear, namely the vehicle backs at the moment at the speed ratio of one gear.

(4) The first gear is advanced: in a stop state, if the input shaft rotates forwards, the sun gear is driven to rotate forwards, the gear ring has a reverse trend according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the pressure plate is driven by the support sheet and the clutch drum to have a reverse trend, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state at the moment, so that the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked by the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier, and the vehicle moves forwards at a first gear speed ratio.

(5) First blocking power feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when power is fed in a first gear, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft is pulled reversely, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the gear ring is still braked because the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combination state, at the moment, the sun rotates forwards and rotates forwards relative to the speed increase of the output shaft according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, and a power transmission route is transmitted to a driving motor from wheels through the output shaft, the planet carrier assembly, the sun wheel and the input shaft to supply the driving motor to generate power.

(6) From first gear to second gear: under the condition that the first gear advances, removing the axial thrust of the actuator, wherein in the removing process, along with the gradual reduction of the pressure of the clutch drum by the push disc, the clutch drum gradually moves leftwards under the action of the compression spring so as to push the push disc to move leftwards, the thrust of the push disc to the blocking block is gradually reduced, the blocking block also gradually moves leftwards under the action of the return spring, in the left moving process of the blocking block, the blocking block pushes the blocking frame to rotate along the reverse direction through the inclined surface of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the reverse direction of the blocking frame rotates to drive the first roller to move towards the bottom of the V-shaped groove, the first roller leaves the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and enters a larger space at the bottom of the groove, and cannot be wedged tightly when the outer ring rotates forwards, at the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state until the push disc and the blocking block are pushed to the leftmost position, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is completely in a forward overrunning state; the clutch drum is driven by a clamp spring to gradually press a support sheet to a friction pair of the normally closed clutch in the process of gradually moving left under the action of a compression spring, then the friction pair is combined in the process of sliding and grinding, a clutch hub and a gear ring are gradually synchronous in the process of combining the friction pair, namely, a sun gear and the gear ring are synchronous through the normally closed clutch, a planet carrier assembly is clamped by the sun gear and the gear ring synchronously according to the motion rule of a planetary gear, the speed ratio is 1, at the moment, the speed is two, and power passes through the sun gear, the planet carrier assembly, the normally closed clutch, the gear ring and the planet carrier assembly from an input shaft and finally reaches an output shaft.

(7) Two-stage feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when two-gear feed is performed, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the normally closed clutch keeps combined, the sun gear and the gear ring still clamp the planet carrier assembly to be synchronous, the sun gear still rotates forwards and has the same rotating speed as the output shaft, and the feed power transmission route is opposite to the two-gear drive transmission route.

(8) From second gear to first gear: under the condition of two forward gears, the actuator applies pressure to the push disc and gradually increases, the push disc pushes the blocking block to gradually move rightwards, after a blocking surface of the blocking block is separated from a blocking groove plane of the blocking frame, the blocking block inclined plane is opposite to a blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame, the blocking frame rotates rightwards under the action of the elastic body, and the blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame is in contact with the blocking block inclined plane, so that the blocking frame is still limited in the front section time of the right movement process of the blocking block, the blocking frame keeps limiting on the first roller, the normally closed clutch cannot be wedged tightly in the sliding grinding process, forward rotation is kept until the push disc pushes the blocking block to the rightmost designed position, the blocking frame is enabled to have enough space to rotate rightwards, the elastic body pushes the first roller to a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring through the third roller, the elastic body can be wedged tightly positively at any time, the corresponding blocking frame does not continue to rotate rightwards any more, and the blocking inclined plane of the blocking frame is separated from the contact with the inclined plane of the blocking block; meanwhile, as the thrust of the push disc to the clutch drum is gradually increased, the pressure of the clutch drum to the friction pair of the normally closed clutch through the support sheet is gradually reduced, and when the combination torque of the normally closed clutch is smaller than the rotating torque of the input shaft, the normally closed clutch is separated in the sliding process.

Before the normally closed clutch is completely separated, the first roller is in a blocked state by the blocking frame, the first roller cannot enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and cannot be wedged tightly, the clutch drum can still drive the pressure plate and the outer ring to rotate forwards, in the sliding and grinding process of the normally closed clutch, the forward rotation speed of the gear ring is gradually reduced by the acting force of the sun wheel acting on the gear ring through the planet wheel, when the rotation speed of the gear ring is reduced to 0 and the gear ring starts to rotate backwards, the gear ring drives the pressure plate and the outer ring to have a reverse rotation trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, the second roller in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked, then the actuator continues to apply pressure to the push plate until the blocking block is pushed to the rightmost designed position, the gear ring is bidirectionally braked and locked, meanwhile, the clutch drum moves rightwards to the designed limit position, the normally closed clutch is completely separated, and the transmission is reduced to the first gear.

The gear shifting process can be seen, the power interruption is not needed in the gear shifting process, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is braked instantly, the gear shifting process is quick, the gear shifting can be smoothly shifted, and the impact or the pause caused by too early or too late braking process can be avoided.

Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.

Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

In addition, terms used in any technical aspect of the present disclosure for indicating positional relationship or shape include, unless otherwise stated, states or shapes similar, analogous or approximate thereto.

Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a take derailleur of two-way combination gearshift, its characterized in that includes derailleur body and at least one two-way combination mechanism of setting in the derailleur body, two-way combination mechanism includes outer lane and inner circle, be provided with first roller, second roller between outer lane and the inner circle, be used for providing the elastomer and the blocking device of elasticity to first, second roller, blocking device is used for restricting the first roller and gets into the narrow and small space that is located between the inside and outside lane to do benefit to and guarantee that outer lane corotation surmounts.

2. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the blocking device comprises a blocking block, a blocking frame and a return spring, the left side of the blocking block is provided with a blocking block inclined plane, the blocking block is provided with a blocking surface parallel to the axis of the transmission body on the same side of the blocking block inclined plane, the periphery of the inner ring is provided with at least one limiting groove matched with the blocking block, the right end of the limiting groove is closed, the left end of the return spring is connected with a limiting block, and the right end of the return spring is connected with the closed end of the limiting groove.

3. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of blocking bars are arranged on the inner side of the blocking frame, the blocking bars correspond to the first rollers one by one, a blocking groove is further arranged on the inner side of the blocking frame, the blocking groove corresponds to a limiting groove of the inner ring to form a blocking block space for installing the blocking block, the blocking groove comprises a blocking groove left section and a blocking groove right section, the inner surface of the blocking groove left section is a blocking groove plane, the inner surface of the blocking groove right section is a blocking groove inclined plane, and the blocking groove inclined plane corresponds to the blocking block inclined plane.

4. A transmission with a bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the inner ring is a star wheel, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner ring, roller holes corresponding to the V-shaped grooves are formed in the blocking frame, roller spaces for accommodating the first rollers and the second rollers are formed by the roller holes and the V-shaped grooves, and at least one elastomer hole is formed in the inner bottom of each V-shaped groove for installing an elastomer.

5. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein an arc groove is formed in the bottom of the V-shaped groove, a third roller is arranged in the arc groove, the elastic body is arranged between the third roller and the arc groove, the first roller and the second roller are respectively arranged on two inclined surfaces on the inner side of the V-shaped groove, the first roller is arranged on one side of the third roller in the forward rotation direction, and the second roller is arranged on one side of the third roller in the reverse rotation direction.

6. A transmission with a bidirectional coupling shifting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the transmission body includes a housing, and an actuator, a push plate and a baffle plate disposed inside the housing from left to right, the push plate is slidably connected to the inner ring through an inner peripheral spline, the baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inner ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected to the housing, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the pressure plate, and the left side of the baffle plate abuts against the push plate to form a bidirectional braking shifting mechanism with the bidirectional coupling mechanism.

7. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a normally closed clutch is arranged inside the transmission body, the normally closed clutch includes a clutch drum, a pressure plate is arranged on the right side of the clutch drum, the periphery of the pressure plate is slidably connected with the clutch drum through a spline, a plurality of compression springs are arranged between the clutch drum and the pressure plate, two ends of each compression spring are respectively abutted to the clutch drum and the pressure plate, a friction pair is arranged on the right side of the pressure plate and comprises an outer plate and an inner plate, the periphery of the outer plate of the friction pair is slidably connected with the clutch drum through a spline, a support plate is arranged on the right side of the friction pair, the periphery of the support plate is slidably connected with the clutch drum through a spline, a snap spring is arranged on the clutch drum on the right side of the support plate, and the snap spring limits the support plate to move to the maximum position on the right side of the support plate.

8. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a gear transmission mechanism is arranged inside the transmission body, the gear transmission mechanism is a planetary gear structure, the planetary gear structure comprises a sun gear, a gear ring and a planet carrier assembly, the planet carrier assembly comprises a planet carrier, planet gears, a planet gear shaft and a bearing between the planet gears and the planet gear shaft, the gear ring is arranged on the periphery of the sun gear, the planet gears are uniformly distributed between the sun gear and the gear ring, the planet gears are connected with the sun gear and the gear ring in a gear engagement mode, the planet gears are rotatably connected with the planet gear shaft through the bearing, and two ends of the planet gear shaft are fixedly connected with the planet carrier, so that a planet row is formed.

9. The transmission with the bidirectional combination gear shifting mechanism according to claim 8, wherein an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged inside the transmission body, the input shaft is fixedly connected or splined with the sun gear, the output shaft is fixedly connected or splined with the planet carrier, the gear ring is slidably connected with the support plate through an outer peripheral spline, a clutch hub is sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft, the inner periphery of the clutch hub is fixedly connected or splined with the input shaft, and the outer periphery of the clutch hub is slidably connected with an inner plate of a friction pair of the normally closed clutch through a spline.

10. A method of operating a transmission with a double coupling shift mechanism as claimed in claim 5, comprising the steps of: (1) in an initial state: the actuator does not apply axial thrust to the push disc, the push disc and the blocking block are both positioned at the leftmost position under the action of the return spring, the blocking block is positioned in the left section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the blocking surface on the right side of the blocking block and the left Duan Dijie of the blocking groove of the blocking frame limit forward rotation of the blocking frame, the first roller is limited in a larger space between an inner ring and an outer ring by the blocking strip and cannot be wedged tightly, so that the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state, the normally closed clutch is in a combined state under the action of the compression spring, the sun gear is synchronized with the gear ring by the normally closed clutch through the input shaft and the clutch hub, so that the planet carrier is clamped synchronously, the transmission is in a direct gear state, namely a two gear state, and at the moment, if the power source of the actuator fails, the vehicle can still directly block limp; (2) In the step (1), if a vehicle driving system fails, the transmission has a backward slope slipping prevention function, if the vehicle has a backward slip tendency, the output shaft drives the planet carrier to have a backward tendency, so that the normally closed clutch is driven to have a backward tendency, and further the pressure plate and the outer ring are driven to have a backward tendency; (3) in the case of no rotation of both the input shaft and the output shaft: when the actuator applies axial force to the push disc and pushes the push disc to the rightmost designed position, the movement distance of the pressure disc is extremely small because the pressure disc is blocked by the baffle plate, the clutch drum continues to move rightwards under the action of the push disc to be contacted with the pressure disc, the clutch drum moves rightwards to drive the clamp spring to move rightwards, so that a gap is generated between friction pairs of the normally closed clutch, and the normally closed clutch is in a separation state; at the moment, the blocking block is pushed to the wider right section of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the elastic body pushes the blocking frame to rotate in the forward direction through the third roller and the first roller, the first roller enters the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly, the second roller is still located in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and can be wedged tightly at any time, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state; (4) backing up: the gear ring is not braked or combined and is in a free state, if the input shaft has a reverse rotation trend, the sun gear is driven to reversely rotate, the gear ring has a forward rotation trend according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the pressure plate is driven to have a forward rotation trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, at the moment, the first roller is positioned in a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring is wedged tightly with the first roller, so that the pressure plate is braked, the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward rotation combination state, the gear ring is braked through the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier to drive the vehicle to reverse, according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the gear input, the gear ring braking and the planet carrier output are carried out, the speed ratio is maximum, and is a first gear, namely, at the vehicle backs at the moment, at the first gear ratio is adopted; (5) first gear advancing: in a stopping state, if the input shaft rotates forwards, the sun gear is driven to rotate forwards, according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the gear ring has a reverse trend at the moment, the pressure plate is driven by the support sheet and the clutch drum to have a reverse trend, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combinable state at the moment, so that the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked by the pressure plate, the clutch drum and the support sheet, power is output to the output shaft through the planet carrier, and the vehicle moves forwards at a first gear ratio; (6) first-gear power feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when power is fed in a first gear, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft is pulled reversely, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the gear ring is still braked because the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a bidirectional combination state, at the moment, the sun rotates forwards and rotates forwards at a speed increasing speed relative to the output shaft according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, and a power transmission route is transmitted to a driving motor from wheels through the output shaft, the planet carrier assembly, the sun wheel and the input shaft to supply the driving motor to generate power; (7) ascending from first gear to second gear: under the condition that the first gear advances, removing the axial thrust of the actuator, wherein in the removing process, along with the gradual reduction of the pressure of the clutch drum by the push disc, the clutch drum gradually moves leftwards under the action of the compression spring so as to push the push disc to move leftwards, the thrust of the push disc to the blocking block is gradually reduced, the blocking block also gradually moves leftwards under the action of the return spring, in the left moving process of the blocking block, the blocking block pushes the blocking frame to rotate along the reverse direction through the inclined surface of the blocking groove of the blocking frame, the reverse direction of the blocking frame rotates to drive the first roller to move towards the bottom of the V-shaped groove, the first roller leaves the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and enters a larger space at the bottom of the groove, and cannot be wedged tightly when the outer ring rotates forwards, at the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is in a forward overrunning state until the push disc and the blocking block are pushed to the leftmost position, and the bidirectional braking gear shifting mechanism is completely in a forward overrunning state; in the process that the clutch drum gradually moves left under the action of the compression spring, the support sheet is driven by the clamp spring to gradually press to a friction pair of the normally closed clutch, then the friction pair is combined in the process of sliding and grinding, the clutch hub and the gear ring are gradually synchronous in the process of combining the friction pair, namely, the sun gear and the gear ring are synchronous through the normally closed clutch, according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the sun gear and the gear ring clamp the planetary carrier assembly to be synchronous, the speed ratio is 1, at the moment, the speed is two, and power respectively passes through the sun gear, the planetary carrier assembly, the normally closed clutch, the gear ring and the planetary carrier assembly from an input shaft and finally reaches an output shaft; (8) secondary feeding: the transmission is applied to a new energy automobile, when feeding electricity at the second gear, the driving direction of the automobile keeps advancing, the output shaft still rotates forwards, the normally closed clutch keeps combining, the sun gear and the gear ring still clamp the planet carrier assembly to be synchronous, the sun gear still rotates forwards and has the same rotating speed as the output shaft, and the feeding power transmission route is opposite to the driving transmission route at the second gear; (9) from second gear to first gear: under the condition of two-stage forward movement, the actuator applies pressure to the push disc and gradually increases the pressure, the push disc pushes the blocking block to gradually move rightwards, after the blocking face of the blocking block is separated from the blocking groove plane of the blocking frame, the blocking block inclined plane is opposite to the blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame, the blocking frame rotates rightwards under the action of the elastic body, the blocking groove inclined plane of the blocking frame is in contact with the blocking block inclined plane, the blocking frame is still limited in the front section time of the right movement process of the blocking block, the blocking frame keeps limiting on the first roller, the normally closed clutch cannot be wedged tightly in the sliding grinding process, forward rotation is kept until the push disc pushes the blocking block to the designed rightmost position, the blocking frame is enabled to have enough space to rotate rightwards, the elastic body pushes the first roller to the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring through the third roller, the elastic body can be wedged tightly positively at any time, the corresponding blocking frame does not continue to rotate rightwards, and the blocking inclined plane of the blocking frame is separated from the blocking block inclined plane of the blocking block; meanwhile, as the thrust of the push disc to the clutch drum is gradually increased, the pressure of the clutch drum to the friction pair of the normally closed clutch through the support sheet is gradually reduced, and when the combination torque of the normally closed clutch is smaller than the rotating torque of the input shaft, the normally closed clutch is separated in the sliding process; (10) Before the normally closed clutch is completely separated, the first roller is in a blocked state by the blocking frame, cannot enter a narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring and cannot be wedged tightly, the clutch drum can still drive the pressure plate and the outer ring to rotate forwards, in the sliding grinding process of the normally closed clutch, the forward rotation speed of the gear ring is gradually reduced by the acting force of the sun wheel acting on the gear ring through the planet wheel, when the rotation speed of the gear ring is reduced to 0 and the gear ring starts to rotate backwards, the gear ring drives the pressure plate and the outer ring to have a reverse rotation trend through the support sheet and the clutch drum, the second roller in the narrow space between the inner ring and the outer ring is wedged tightly, the gear ring is braked, then the actuator continues to apply pressure to the push disc until the blocking block is pushed to the rightmost designed position, the gear ring is bidirectionally braked and locked, meanwhile, the clutch drum moves rightwards to the designed limit position, the normally closed clutch is completely separated, and the transmission is reduced to the first gear.

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