CN115536465A - Bio-fertilizer for litchi planting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Bio-fertilizer for litchi planting and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115536465A
CN115536465A CN202211223366.6A CN202211223366A CN115536465A CN 115536465 A CN115536465 A CN 115536465A CN 202211223366 A CN202211223366 A CN 202211223366A CN 115536465 A CN115536465 A CN 115536465A
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litchi
fertilizer
bio
soybean meal
litchi planting
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CN115536465B (en
Inventor
陆光远
赵永国
郝一凡
洪婉欣
王嘉琳
韦明肯
欧阳乐军
李春生
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Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bio-fertilizers. The biological fertilizer for litchi planting comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 to 12 portions of soybean meal, 0.05 to 0.2 portion of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of bacillus licheniformis, 0.15 to 0.25 portion of silicate bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 portion of diatom, 0.1 to 1 portion of scarifier and 0.08 to 0.12 portion of methionine. According to the invention, through organic combination of various raw materials, the combined biological fertilizer for litchi planting can not only improve the yield of litchi, but also improve the quality of litchi pulp. The raw materials used in the invention are all common raw materials in the field, and the preparation method is simple, suitable for mass production and has great popularization and application values.

Description

Bio-fertilizer for litchi planting and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biofertilizers, and particularly relates to a biofertilizer for litchi planting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
It is recognized in the art that chemical fertilizers have an important effect on crop production. However, at present, the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizer is less than 30%, the rest of the chemical fertilizer is lost along with the water and the soil, and the application of the chemical fertilizer not only causes great waste, but also pollutes the soil and underground water resources. In order to improve the environment, it is imperative to provide a pollution-free fertilizer.
The biological fertilizer is a product which can make crops obtain specific fertilizer effect by means of microbial life activity. The biological fertilizer can improve soil fertility, which is the main function of the biological fertilizer, such as various nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizers, and can increase nitrogen sources in soil; the phosphate-and potassium-solubilizing bacterium fertilizer can dissolve insoluble phosphorus and potassium in soil, and increase the sources of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) elements in the soil; the actinomycete biological fertilizer not only has the function of antagonizing pathogenic bacteria to prevent diseases and strengthen bacteria, but also can secrete cytokinin to promote the growth of crops; the fungus biological fertilizer not only has strong function in assisting crops to absorb mineral elements such as phosphorus, zinc, copper and the like, but also has the functions of enhancing the water absorption and water retention of the crops to improve the drought resistance of the crops. In addition, the biological fertilizer can promote the growth of crops and improve the quality of agricultural products, and when various biological fertilizers are applied to soil, different growth hormones can be generated to stimulate the growth of the crops. The biological fertilizer can produce and assist crops to absorb and utilize various nutrient elements, so that the biological fertilizer has a great improvement effect on the quality of agricultural products, and all indexes of the agricultural products reach the standard of green food.
Although biofertilizers can be used for crop cultivation and are not harmful, limited yield increase remains an important factor limiting their widespread use. How to improve the yield-increasing effect of the biological fertilizer is a subject to be researched by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the soybean meal powder, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the silicate bacteria, the diatom, the soil loosening agent and the methionine are organically combined, so that the combined biological fertilizer for litchi planting can not only improve the litchi yield, but also improve the litchi pulp quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention adopts one of the technical schemes: the bio-fertilizer for litchi planting comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 to 12 portions of soybean meal, 0.05 to 0.2 portion of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of bacillus licheniformis, 0.15 to 0.25 portion of silicate bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 portion of diatom, 0.1 to 1 portion of scarifier and 0.08 to 0.12 portion of methionine.
The biological fertilizer for litchi planting disclosed by the invention has the main component of soybean meal, is high in protein content of the soybean meal, and can provide sufficient nutritional ingredients for microorganisms in the biological fertilizer for litchi planting so as to enable the microorganisms to quickly proliferate.
The bacillus subtilis added in the bio-fertilizer for planting litchi can decompose organic matters in soil, so that effective nutrients in the soil are increased, the soil structure is improved, meanwhile, active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin and nystatin can be generated in the bacillus subtilis propagation process, the propagation of harmful microorganisms is inhibited, in addition, hormone substances and various vitamins can be generated in the bacillus subtilis propagation process, and the growth of litchi is promoted. The action of the added bacillus licheniformis is similar to that of the bacillus subtilis, and the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus subtilis can have a wider antibacterial range by matching. The silicate bacteria added in the invention are used as the dominant flora in soil, and metabolism can generate organic acid substances, so that the propagation of harmful bacteria is inhibited, silicate minerals can be eroded, and not only can major elements of potassium and phosphorus in soil be activated, but also trace elements such as iron, manganese, molybdenum, boron and the like can be activated; in addition, silicate bacteria can provide silicate required for growth for diatom by corroding silicate minerals so that the diatom can be fixedly planted in soil, the nitrogen fixation effect of the diatom can participate in the nitrification and denitrification cycle of litchi root systems to promote the absorption of nitrogen by the litchi root systems, and meanwhile, the diatom in the superficial layer of the ground surface can synthesize organic matters through photosynthesis to increase the soil fertility; the potassium element rich in the thallus of the silicate bacteria can be released after the silicate bacteria die and is absorbed by the root system of the litchi. The soil loosening agent added in the invention can loosen soil, is convenient for the propagation of various microorganisms and diatoms, and the added methionine can inhibit the excessive growth of branches and leaves of litchis, so that more nutrients are transferred to fruits, and the yield of litchis is promoted to be increased. Meanwhile, microorganisms in the biological fertilizer for litchi planting can generate various nutrients, so that the litchi yield can be increased, and the litchi quality can be improved.
The biological fertilizer for litchi planting provided by the invention can be applied independently, and can also be applied together with a base fertilizer.
Preferably, the silicate bacteria are bacillus mucilaginosus.
Preferably, the diatom is navicula.
Preferably, the navicula comprise: round navicula, cuspid navicula, navicula dicoccus or navicula binorum.
The navicula algae selected by the invention can be fixedly planted in soil, not only can fix nitrogen, but also can form organic matters through photosynthesis to increase soil fertility.
Preferably, the scarifier is polyacrylamide.
The invention selects polyacrylamide as the soil loosening agent, so that the prepared biological fertilizer for litchi planting consists of fully degradable components and does not contain any component which may have chemical residue.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the bio-fertilizer for litchi planting is provided, and comprises the following steps: drying, crushing and sieving the soybean meal to prepare soybean meal powder, weighing the soybean meal powder, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, silicate bacteria, diatom, a soil loosener and methionine according to the weight parts, and uniformly mixing to prepare the bio-fertilizer for litchi planting.
Preferably, the drying is drying the soybean meal to a water content of not more than 8wt.%.
The soybean meal is controlled to be below 8 wt%, because the high water content of the soybean meal is not beneficial to the preservation of the prepared bio-fertilizer for litchi planting.
Preferably, the sieving is through a 20 mesh sieve.
The selected soybean meal powder is the soybean meal powder which is sieved by a 20-mesh sieve, and the reason is that the soybean meal powder particles are too large to be beneficial to the utilization of microorganisms after application, and the proliferation speed of the microorganisms is influenced.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting, which comprises soybean meal, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, silicate bacteria, diatom, a soil loosening agent and methionine. According to the invention, through organic combination of various raw materials, the combined biological fertilizer for litchi planting can not only improve the litchi yield, but also improve the litchi pulp quality.
The raw materials used in the invention are all common raw materials in the field, and the preparation method is simple, is suitable for mass production and has great popularization and application values.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every intervening value, to the extent any stated value or intervening value in a stated range, and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including but not limited to.
In the examples of the present invention, "part(s)" means "part(s) by weight" unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Preparing a biological fertilizer for litchi planting:
(1) Drying the soybean meal by blowing at 105 ℃ until the water content of the soybean meal is lower than 8 wt%, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain soybean meal powder for later use;
(2) And (2) weighing 10 parts of the soybean meal powder obtained in the step (1), 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.2 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5 part of euproctis cuspidata, 0.1 part of polyacrylamide and 0.1 part of methionine, adding into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological fertilizer for litchi planting.
Example 2
Preparing a biological fertilizer for litchi planting:
(1) Drying the soybean meal by blowing at 105 ℃ until the water content of the soybean meal is lower than 8wt.%, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain soybean meal powder for later use;
(2) And (2) weighing 10 parts of the soybean meal powder obtained in the step (1), 0.06 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.22 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.5 part of euproctis cuspidata, 0.3 part of polyacrylamide and 0.1 part of methionine, adding into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological fertilizer for litchi planting.
Example 3
Preparing a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting:
(1) Drying the soybean meal by blowing at 105 ℃ until the water content of the soybean meal is lower than 8 wt%, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain soybean meal powder for later use;
(2) Weighing 8 parts of the soybean meal powder obtained in the step (1), 0.20 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.25 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.65 part of navicula dicoccus, 0.6 part of polyacrylamide and 0.12 part of methionine, adding into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological fertilizer for litchi planting.
Example 4
Preparing a biological fertilizer for litchi planting:
(1) Drying the soybean meal by blowing at 105 ℃ until the water content of the soybean meal is lower than 8wt.%, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain soybean meal powder for later use;
(2) Weighing 11 parts of the soybean meal powder obtained in the step (1), 0.15 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.15 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 0.8 part of round navicula, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide and 0.08 part of methionine, adding into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological fertilizer for litchi planting.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting:
the only difference compared to example 1 is that the addition of ammonium methosulfate is omitted.
Comparative example 2
Preparing a bio-fertilizer for litchi planting:
the only difference compared to example 1 is that the addition of navicula acuminate was omitted.
Comparative example 3
Preparing a biological fertilizer for litchi planting:
the only difference compared to example 1 is that the addition of polyacrylamide is omitted.
The effect of the biofertilizers for litchi planting prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-3 on litchi yield increase is verified:
the test is carried out on a certain litchi orchard in Guangdong province, the fruit tree to be tested is a 5-year-old Feizixiao litchi fruit tree, and the biofertilizer for litchi planting is applied to the middle ten days of 5 months at the application rate of 10 kg/mu; the control group 1 was prepared by applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (N: P) in equal amounts to the control group without using any fertilizer 2 O 5 :K 2 O = 8.
After the litchi fruits are ripe, counting the yield of each group, wherein the counting result is shown in a table 1; then, the quality of each group of litchi fruits is considered, the investigation indexes are the sugar content, total protein, vitamin C, carotene, retinol and selenium in the litchi pulp, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 litchi yields for each experimental group
Yield/kg per mu -1
Example 1 1219
Example 2 1169
Example 3 1182
Example 4 1191
Comparative example 1 1083
Comparative example 2 935
Comparative example 3 1097
Control group 1 672
Control group 2 803
As can be seen from the table 1, the bio-fertilizer for litchi planting prepared by the invention has an obvious yield increase effect, and the yield increase effect is more obvious compared with the effect of applying a chemical fertilizer. In addition, if the diatom is omitted, the litchi yield is obviously reduced; omitting methionine or a scarifier can also have certain influence on the litchi product.
TABLE 2 nutrient content of each experimental group of litchi pulp (100 g)
Figure BDA0003877948740000071
Figure BDA0003877948740000081
As can be seen from Table 2, the sugar content in the flesh of the litchi fruits planted by applying the biological fertilizer for litchi planting prepared by the method is high and is obviously higher than that of the control group without applying the fertilizer and applying the chemical fertilizer; the content of protein, vitamin C, carotene, retinol, selenium and other nutrient elements is obviously higher than that of the control group; the biological fertilizer for litchi planting prepared by the invention has the effect of improving the litchi quality. In addition, if the diatom in the formula is omitted, the improvement effect of the litchi pulp can be influenced to a certain extent.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The bio-fertilizer for litchi planting is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 8 to 12 portions of soybean meal, 0.05 to 0.2 portion of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of bacillus licheniformis, 0.15 to 0.25 portion of silicate bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 portion of diatom, 0.1 to 1 portion of scarifier and 0.08 to 0.12 portion of methionine.
2. The bio-fertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 1, wherein the silicate bacteria is Bacillus mucilaginosus.
3. The bio-fertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 1, wherein the diatom is navicula.
4. The bio-fertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 3, wherein the navicula comprise: round navicula, cuspid navicula, navicula dicoccus or navicula binorum.
5. The bio-fertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 1, wherein the loosening agent is polyacrylamide.
6. The preparation method of the bio-fertilizer for litchi planting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
drying, crushing and sieving the soybean meal to prepare the soybean meal powder, weighing the soybean meal powder, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, silicate bacteria, diatom, a soil loosening agent and methionine according to the weight parts, and uniformly mixing to prepare the biological fertilizer for litchi planting.
7. The method for preparing the biofertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 6, wherein the drying is drying of soybean meal until the moisture content is not more than 8wt.%.
8. The preparation method of the biofertilizer for litchi planting according to claim 6, wherein the sieving is 20-mesh sieving.
CN202211223366.6A 2022-10-08 2022-10-08 Biological fertilizer for litchi planting and preparation method thereof Active CN115536465B (en)

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CN103553813A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-05 苏州市相城区渭塘凤凰泾农业发展有限公司 Special-purpose nano fertilizer for preventing asparagus downy mildew as well as preparation method thereof
CN103755498A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Water-soluble mineral fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN104447093A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-25 侨健新能源科技(苏州)有限公司 High-fertility high-survival rate compound fertilizer for brassica chinensis
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CN110073875A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-08-02 田阳县鲜达康果蔬专业合作社 A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich mango
CN111792952A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-20 北京锦绣新技术发展有限公司 Active coal gangue micro powder, active coal gangue mineral fertilizer and preparation method
CN112409101A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-26 内蒙古丰沃达生物科技有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN113395898A (en) * 2019-01-23 2021-09-14 斯波根生物技术公司 Compositions for treating citrus disease and promoting yield enhancement of row crops

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110098177A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2011-04-28 Novus International Inc. Methods and compositions of plant micronutrients
CN103274842A (en) * 2013-06-09 2013-09-04 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 Special microbial traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer for gardenia and preparation method thereof
CN103553813A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-05 苏州市相城区渭塘凤凰泾农业发展有限公司 Special-purpose nano fertilizer for preventing asparagus downy mildew as well as preparation method thereof
CN103755498A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Water-soluble mineral fertilizer and preparation method thereof
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CN113395898A (en) * 2019-01-23 2021-09-14 斯波根生物技术公司 Compositions for treating citrus disease and promoting yield enhancement of row crops
CN110073875A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-08-02 田阳县鲜达康果蔬专业合作社 A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich mango
CN111792952A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-20 北京锦绣新技术发展有限公司 Active coal gangue micro powder, active coal gangue mineral fertilizer and preparation method
CN112409101A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-26 内蒙古丰沃达生物科技有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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