CN115536404A - Process for preparing carbon by using inner series furnace - Google Patents
Process for preparing carbon by using inner series furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115536404A CN115536404A CN202211507950.4A CN202211507950A CN115536404A CN 115536404 A CN115536404 A CN 115536404A CN 202211507950 A CN202211507950 A CN 202211507950A CN 115536404 A CN115536404 A CN 115536404A
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon preparation, and discloses a process for preparing carbon by using an inner series furnace, which comprises the following steps: s2, laying a heat preservation material at the furnace bottom; s3, laying an adjusting block for placing the coarse carbon rod on the heat-insulating material; s4, placing a coarse carbon rod on the adjusting block; s5, placing graphite gaskets on contact parts among the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the coarse carbon rod; s6, ensuring that the geometric centers of the plurality of coarse carbon rods and the adjusting blocks which are connected end to end are positioned on the same straight line; s7, continuously putting a heat insulation material into the furnace, so that the heat insulation material covers the coarse carbon rod; s8, paving fine carbon rods on the heat insulation material in sequence; s9, putting the heat insulation material into the furnace again to enable the heat insulation material to cover the fine carbon rod; s10, heating the coarse carbon rod; s11, continuously transmitting electricity to heat for twenty-four hours, and simultaneously graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rods and the fine carbon rods in the furnace; the invention fully utilizes the waste heat, synchronously produces the fine carbon rods, increases the charging amount and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon preparation, in particular to a process for preparing carbon by utilizing an inner series furnace.
Background
The graphitization process is an essential link in the production process of carbon products, at present, the domestic graphitization furnace mainly comprises two types, namely an inner series furnace and an Acheson furnace, a heat preservation material used in the production process of the Acheson furnace is matched with quartz sand, so that a mixture between a furnace wall and an electrode product can generate silicon carbide, the secondary sale is favorable, but the heat preservation material used in the inner series furnace cannot be used for producing the silicon carbide in a matching way due to equipment reasons, the heat preservation material is consumed greatly, and waste heat generated in the production process is seriously wasted.
How to increase the charging capacity without increasing the power consumption by optimizing the process and fully utilizing the waste heat, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the energy consumption and saving the cost is very important.
Accordingly, the prior art is deficient and needs improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that: the prior production technology has the defects of limited furnace charging capacity, high energy consumption and ineffective utilization of production waste heat.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a process for preparing carbon by using an internal series furnace.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is a process for preparing carbon by utilizing an internal serial furnace, which comprises the following steps: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods on the heat-insulating material, wherein the adjusting blocks are linearly distributed from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on the regulating block to enable the plurality of coarse carbon rods to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, when a gap between a coarse carbon rod close to one end of the furnace end and the conductive electrode is too large, conducting heating is conducted through filling of an adjusting cushion block, and graphite gaskets are arranged at contact parts among the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the coarse carbon rod; s6, the geometric centers of the plurality of coarse carbon rods connected end to end, the adjusting cushion block and the conductive electrode are positioned on the same straight line, and the coarse carbon rods connected end to end in the middle of the kiln are tightly pressed through hydraulic pushing devices respectively arranged on the outer sides of two ends of the kiln; s7, continuously putting a heat preservation material into the furnace, and enabling the heat preservation material to cover the coarse carbon rod; s8, paving fine carbon rods on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods are correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod respectively; s9, putting the heat insulation material into the furnace again to enable the heat insulation material to cover the fine carbon rod; s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the furnace and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod; s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power for twenty-four hours, and simultaneously graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod and the fine carbon rod in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod and the coarse carbon rod; s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
Through placing at least a set of carbon stick post in the stove to place thin carbon stick in the thick carbon stick top that lies in the stove top, when thick carbon stick carries out the power transmission heating, the waste heat that thick carbon stick heating produced carries out the synchro heating to thin carbon stick and reaches the graphitization effect, and then reaches the increase and adorn the stove volume, on the basis that does not increase the energy consumption, make full use of waste heat, the fine carbon stick of synchronous production increases output, reduce cost.
Preferably, in step S8, the distance between the fine carbon rod and the coarse carbon rod is controlled to avoid the fine carbon rod and the coarse carbon rod from contacting each other.
Preferably, in step S4, at least one group of carbon rod columns formed by end-to-end coarse carbon rods are placed in the furnace, and a gap is formed between adjacent carbon rod columns and filled with the heat insulating material.
Preferably, the number of the adjusting blocks is matched with the number of the coarse carbon rods.
Preferably, through holes for placing conductive electrodes are formed in the end furnace wall and the tail furnace wall, the conductive electrodes are embedded into the through holes, gaps between the conductive electrodes and the through holes are smaller than the diameter of the heat preservation material, and the conductive electrodes are respectively contacted with the thick carbon rods at the head end and the tail end of the carbon rod column through hydraulic pushing devices at the two ends of the furnace kiln.
Preferably, in step S5, the graphite gasket is a flexible graphite gasket.
Preferably, in step S11, step S11a is specifically included: a constant temperature rise stage; step S11b: a temperature rising and speed increasing stage; step S11c: a constant high temperature phase.
Preferably, in step S1, the insulating material and the graphite fragments adhered to the end faces of the conductive electrodes are cleaned.
Preferably, in step S2, the thermal insulation material in the form of dust needs to be screened out before use.
Preferably, in step S3, the shape of the adjusting block is adapted to the outer diameter of the coarse carbon rod for stably supporting the coarse carbon rod.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, at least one group of carbon rod columns are placed in the furnace, the fine carbon rod is placed above the coarse carbon rod positioned at the uppermost part in the furnace, when the coarse carbon rod is subjected to power transmission heating, waste heat generated by the coarse carbon rod is used for synchronously heating the fine carbon rod to achieve a graphitization effect, so that the furnace charging amount is increased, on the basis of not increasing energy consumption, the waste heat is fully utilized, the fine carbon rod is synchronously produced, the yield is increased, the cost is reduced, and the method has a good market application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature-increasing power curve of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature rise curve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the coarse carbon rods and the fine carbon rods in the inner series furnace;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the fitting structure of the coarse carbon rod and the fine carbon rod in the internal serial furnace according to the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows: a coarse carbon rod 1; a fine carbon rod 2.
Detailed Description
The above features are combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, and all of them are regarded as the scope of the present invention described in the specification; further, modifications and variations may be suggested to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for descriptive purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Firstly, it should be noted that, usually, the cavity of the inner series furnace, the furnace end and the furnace tail are integrally constructed, the top is an open structure, which is convenient for placing insulation materials, a thick carbon rod 1 and a thin carbon rod 2, the power transmission action of the inner series furnace is composed of a first hydraulic pushing device and a second hydraulic pushing device which are arranged at two ends of the furnace kiln, the first hydraulic pushing device comprises a small rail car and hydraulic cylinders which are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the small rail car, the working end of each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a conductive copper bar, the two conductive copper bars are connected through copper flexible connection and are conducted through power conduction, two ends of the furnace kiln are provided with an aluminum row connected with a transformer substation, the small rail car is placed on a rail and can move on the rail through the small rail car, the conductive copper bar can be moved to the position which is the same parallel line with the conductive electrode, when the two hydraulic cylinders work, one hydraulic cylinder tightly pushes the conductive copper bar and the conductive electrode, the other hydraulic cylinder tightly pushes the conductive copper bar and the aluminum row, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the thick carbon rod 1 through the conductive copper bar and the conductive electrode, and the structure of the second hydraulic pushing device are the same as the structure of the first hydraulic pushing device.
As shown in fig. 3, a first embodiment of the present invention: a process for preparing carbon by using an inner series furnace comprises the following steps: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods 1 on the heat-insulating material, wherein the adjusting blocks are linearly distributed from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods 1 in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on an adjusting block to enable a plurality of coarse carbon rods 1 to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, when a gap between the coarse carbon rod close to one end of the furnace end and the conductive electrode is too large, the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the contact part between the coarse carbon rod 1 and the conductive electrode are filled and conducted through the adjusting cushion block, and graphite gaskets are placed on the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the contact part between the coarse carbon rod 1 and the conductive electrode;
the adjusting cushion block and the coarse carbon rod 1 are made of the same material and have the same diameter, the coarse carbon rod 1 with the shorter length is used for replacing the adjusting cushion block, the length of the adjusting cushion block is equal to the gap distance between the coarse carbon rod 1 close to one end of the furnace end and the conductive electrode, and the vacant position between the conductive electrode and the end part of the carbon rod column is supplemented through the adjusting cushion block, so that the conductive electrode can tightly push the carbon rod column under the action of the hydraulic pushing device; s6, the geometric centers of the plurality of coarse carbon rods 1 connected end to end, the adjusting cushion blocks and the conductive electrodes are positioned on the same straight line, and the coarse carbon rods 1 connected end to end in the middle of the kiln are tightly pressed through hydraulic thrusters respectively arranged on the outer sides of two ends of the kiln; s7, continuously putting a heat preservation material into the furnace, and enabling the heat preservation material to cover the coarse carbon rod 1; s8, paving fine carbon rods 2 on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods 2 are respectively and correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod 1; s9, putting the heat preservation material into the furnace again to enable the heat preservation material to cover the fine carbon rod 2; s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the furnace and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod 1; s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power for twenty-four hours, and graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod 1 and the fine carbon rod 2 in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod 2 and the coarse carbon rod 1; s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
Through placing at least a set of carbon stick post in the stove to place thin carbon stick 2 in lieing in 1 tops of thick carbon stick of stove top, when thick carbon stick 1 carries out the power transmission heating, the waste heat that thick carbon stick 1 heating produced carries out the synchro heating to thin carbon stick 2 and reaches the graphitization effect, and then reaches the increase charge volume, on the basis that does not increase the energy consumption, make full use of waste heat, the fine carbon stick 2 of synchronous production, increase output, reduce cost.
It should be noted here that, for example, the diameter of the coarse carbon rod 1 is 50cm, the diameter of the fine carbon rod 2 is 10cm, the thickness of the insulation material at the bottom of the furnace is 10cm, the interval between the carbon rod columns is 25cm, i.e., the thickness of the insulation material filling, the interval between the coarse carbon rod 1 and the fine carbon rod 2 is 5cm, i.e., the covering thickness of the insulation material on the uppermost layer of the coarse carbon rod 1, and the insulation material with the thickness of not less than 60cm is covered above the fine carbon rod 2.
In step S8, the distance between the fine carbon rod 2 and the coarse carbon rod 1 is controlled to ensure that the fine carbon rod 2 does not contact the coarse carbon rod 1, thereby preventing the coarse carbon rod 1 from contacting the fine carbon rod 2 to generate an arc, which affects the carbonization quality; in the step S1, cleaning the heat insulation material and the graphite fragments adhered to the end face of the conductive electrode and keeping the heat insulation material and the graphite fragments clean; because the thick carbon rod 1 is heated through the conductive electrode, the contact surface of the thick carbon rod to the conductive electrode is cleaned, and the conductive heating effect is effectively guaranteed.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, in step S4, at least one group of carbon rod columns formed by the coarse carbon rods 1 connected end to end is placed in the furnace, and a space is provided between adjacent carbon rod columns, and the space is filled with the heat insulating material. The carbon rod column is isolated through the heat insulation material, so that the carbon rod column is prevented from generating electric arcs due to contact.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, the number of the regulating blocks matches the number of the rough carbon rods 1.
In the first embodiment of the invention, through holes for placing conductive electrodes are formed on the end furnace wall and the tail furnace wall, the conductive electrodes are embedded in the through holes, the gap between the conductive electrodes and the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the heat preservation material, the heat preservation material is prevented from overflowing through the gap between the conductive electrodes and the through holes, and the conductive electrodes are respectively contacted with the thick carbon rods 1 at the head end and the tail end of the carbon rod column through hydraulic thrusters at the two ends of the furnace.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the graphite gasket is a flexible graphite gasket, so as to prevent the contact part from generating a gap after the two adjacent thick carbon rods 1 are pushed, which affects the temperature transmission; in step S2, the dust-like heat insulating material needs to be screened out before the heat insulating material is used.
Wherein, between the contact surface of two adjacent thick carbon-point 1, set up the asbestos paper about forty percent of thick carbon-point 1 diameter, thickness is about 1cm, places the asbestos paper in the positive center of the contact surface of two thick carbon-point 1, through setting up the asbestos paper, makes thick carbon-point 1 pass through from thick carbon-point 1's excircle part at the current temperature of electrically conductive initial stage, is convenient for increase the heating channel, makes the inside and outside heating temperature of thick carbon-point 1 balanced, avoids the graphitization in-process to produce the crackle.
Furthermore, a dust removal smoke hood is arranged above the inner series furnace and connected with a dust removal system through a pipeline, and when the furnace is heated and powered on, generated smoke and dust are subjected to dust removal operation through the dust removal system.
A second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, is different from the first embodiment in a carbon preparation process using an internal furnace, the carbon preparation process comprising the steps of: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods 1 on the heat insulation material, wherein the adjusting blocks are distributed linearly from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods 1 in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on an adjusting block to enable a plurality of coarse carbon rods 1 to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, placing a graphite gasket at the contact position between two adjacent coarse carbon rods 1, and filling the graphite gasket when the distance between the coarse carbon rod 1 close to one end of the furnace end and the conductive electrode is equal to the thickness of the graphite gasket; s6, ensuring that the geometric centers of the conductive electrode, the plurality of crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end and the adjusting block are positioned on the same straight line, and tightly jacking and compacting the crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end through hydraulic jacking devices arranged at the furnace head and the furnace tail; s7, continuously putting a heat preservation material into the furnace, and enabling the heat preservation material to cover the coarse carbon rod 1; s8, paving fine carbon rods 2 on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods 2 are respectively and correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod 1; s9, putting the heat preservation material into the furnace again to enable the heat preservation material to cover the fine carbon rod 2; s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the furnace and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod 1; s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power for twenty-four hours for heating, and graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod 1 and the fine carbon rod 2 in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod 2 and the coarse carbon rod 1; s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
In step S11, specifically, step S11a is included: a constant temperature rise stage; step S11b: a temperature rising and speed increasing stage; step S11c: a constant high temperature phase.
To illustrate here, step S11a: in the constant-speed heating stage from 1 st to 17 th hours, the power transmission power is increased from 4850KW to 9000KW, and the power is increased at a constant speed of 240 KW/h; through progressively increasing power transmission power at the uniform velocity of temperature rise stage, corresponding carbon-point heating temperature also along with at the uniform velocity of temperature rise, obtain through experimental data repeatedly, through the uniform velocity of temperature rise stage, water in with the heat preservation material gradually evaporates and finishes, and with petroleum coke and hydrogen in the carbon-point, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur etc. element constantly effusion, constantly the intensification in-process, make the impurity element in the carbon-point constantly reduce, so adopt at the uniform velocity of temperature rise, when avoiding rising temperature too fast, impurity in the carbon-point effuses too fast, produce a large amount of crackle waste products, step S11b: the temperature rising and speed increasing stage is from 17 th to 19 th hours, the power transmission power is increased from 9000KW to 22000KW, and the power is increased at a constant speed of 6500 KW/h; after impurity elements in the carbon rod escape to a certain degree, rapidly increasing power to enable the heating power to reach the optimal power for carbon graphitization of the carbon rod, wherein most impurities in the carbon rod already escape at the uniform temperature rise stage in the process, so that the carbon rod is not cracked due to rapid temperature rise, and the step S11c: and in the constant high-temperature stage from 19 th to 24 th hours, continuously transmitting power for heating according to 22000KW constant power, and continuously transmitting power with high power in the stage so as to change carbon crystals in the carbon rod and achieve the aim of graphitization.
In addition, it should be noted that, in actual production, according to the specification change of the coarse carbon rod 1, that is, the diameter thickness change of the coarse carbon rod 1, the power transmission power curve is appropriately adjusted, and the corresponding temperature curve changes along with the corresponding change of the specification of the matched fine carbon rod 2, namely, the power transmission power curve is correspondingly lengthened or shortened in the constant-speed temperature rise stage, the temperature rise speed rise stage and the constant high-temperature stage.
Referring to the above-described power transmission, the temperature is exemplified, and step S11a: a constant temperature rise stage; heating the mixture from 0 ℃ to 2400 ℃ in the 1 st to 17 th hours, and uniformly raising the temperature at a constant speed according to the speed of 150 ℃/h, wherein the step S11b: a temperature rising and speed increasing stage; and (5) in 17 th to 19 th hours, heating the mixture to 2800 ℃ from 2400 ℃, and uniformly increasing the temperature at 200 ℃/h, wherein the step S11c: and in the constant high temperature stage, the heating temperature is increased from 2800 ℃ to 3000 ℃ in 19 th to 24 th hours, and the temperature is increased according to 40 ℃/h.
A third embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in a process for preparing carbon using an internal furnace, the process comprising the steps of: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods 1 on the heat-insulating material, wherein the adjusting blocks are linearly distributed from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods 1 in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on an adjusting block to enable a plurality of coarse carbon rods 1 to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, placing a graphite gasket at the contact position between two adjacent coarse carbon rods 1; s6, ensuring that the geometric centers of the conductive electrode, the plurality of crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end and the adjusting block are positioned on the same straight line, and tightly jacking and compacting the crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end through hydraulic jacking devices arranged at the furnace head and the furnace tail; s7, continuously putting a heat insulation material into the furnace, so that the heat insulation material covers the coarse carbon rod 1; s8, paving fine carbon rods 2 on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods 2 are respectively and correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod 1; s9, putting the heat preservation material into the furnace again to enable the heat preservation material to cover the fine carbon rod 2; s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the switch and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod 1; s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power for twenty-four hours for heating, and graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod 1 and the fine carbon rod 2 in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod 2 and the coarse carbon rod 1; s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
In the step S3, the shape of the adjusting block is suitable for the outer diameter of the thick carbon rod 1, and is used for stably supporting the thick carbon rod 1, and the adjusting block is a graphite cushion block, so that heat conduction is facilitated.
It should be noted here that the structure of regulating block is square or cuboid, sets up the opening notch that faces upward on the regulating block, and the shape of notch can be V type, U type or C type all can, is convenient for to place thick carbon-point 1 anyway, can play the stable support to thick carbon-point 1 can, prevents through the stable support that the carbon-point post from taking place the skew, influences graphitization effect.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in a process for preparing carbon using an internal furnace, the process comprising the steps of: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods 1 on the heat-insulating material, wherein the adjusting blocks are linearly distributed from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods 1 in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on an adjusting block to enable a plurality of coarse carbon rods 1 to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, placing a graphite gasket at the contact position between two adjacent coarse carbon rods 1; s6, ensuring that the geometric centers of the conductive electrode, the plurality of crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end and the adjusting block are positioned on the same straight line, and tightly jacking and compacting the crude carbon rods 1 connected end to end through hydraulic jacking devices arranged at the furnace head and the furnace tail; s7, continuously putting a heat preservation material into the furnace, and enabling the heat preservation material to cover the coarse carbon rod 1; s8, paving fine carbon rods 2 on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods 2 are respectively and correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod 1; s9, putting the heat preservation material into the furnace again to enable the heat preservation material to cover the fine carbon rod 2; s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the furnace and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod 1; s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power for twenty-four hours for heating, and graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod 1 and the fine carbon rod 2 in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod 2 and the coarse carbon rod 1; s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
In step S4, at least two groups of carbon rod columns formed by the end-to-end coarse carbon rods 1 are arranged in the furnace side by side, intervals are arranged between the adjacent carbon rod columns, the intervals are filled with heat insulation materials, and after the heat insulation materials are laid on the carbon rod columns, the fine carbon rods 2 are laid on the carbon rod columns in sequence right above the carbon rod columns in each group.
In step S6, the geometric centers of the carbon rod columns and the adjusting block are located on the same straight line, the number of the conductive electrodes is the same as that of the carbon rod columns, the volume of the conductive copper bar can cover each conductive electrode, and the hydraulic pushing devices arranged at the furnace head and the furnace tail push the coarse carbon rods 1 connected end to end tightly and tightly.
It should be noted here that, because the size of the coarse carbon rod 1 is large, that is, the diameter is large, in the graphitization process of the coarse carbon rod 1, since the heating temperature of the coarse carbon rod 1 needs to be uniform from inside to outside, the corresponding required heating power is large, and the heating temperature is high, then in the graphitization process of the corresponding fine carbon rod 2, the required heating power and the heating temperature are low relative to the coarse carbon rod 1, and the waste heat generated in the high-temperature heating process of the coarse carbon rod 1 can heat the fine carbon rod 2 synchronously, so as to meet the graphitization temperature requirement of the fine carbon rod 2.
Further, the fine carbon rods 2 are uniformly distributed in the intervals between the carbon rod columns, wherein the fine carbon rods 2 above the uppermost layer of carbon rod columns are distributed at equal intervals, and since the diameter of the fine carbon rods 2 is smaller than the interval between the adjacent carbon rod columns, when the fine carbon rods 2 are placed in the interval between the adjacent carbon rod columns, the fine carbon rods 2 and the coarse carbon rods 1 do not contact with each other.
Furtherly, one end terminal surface center of thick carbon-point 1 is in advance with a recess of boring machine boring, another terminal surface setting with recess assorted arch, when two thick carbon-point 1 contacts of head and the tail, the arch of a thick carbon-point 1 is embedded into in the recess of another thick carbon-point 1, the better transmission between thick carbon-point 1 of heat when being convenient for heat.
It should be noted here that in order to facilitate the heat insulating material to have better air permeability and heat insulating and dissipating effects during production, when production is completed each time, the heat insulating material in the furnace needs to be uniformly screened, dust in the heat insulating material is screened out, the granular heat insulating material is retained for reuse, and in addition, metallurgical coke grains are preferably selected as the heat insulating material.
According to the working principle of the invention, the fine carbon rod 2 is arranged above the coarse carbon rod 1, when the coarse carbon rod 1 generates heat in the process of electrifying, heating and graphitizing, and the waste heat is transferred to the heat preservation material, at the moment, the fine carbon rod 2 arranged above the coarse carbon rod 1 conducts the generated waste heat to the fine carbon rod 2 in the process of continuously heating and graphitizing according to the coarse carbon rod 1, and the fine carbon rod 2 is synchronously heated and graphitized.
The technical features mentioned above are combined with each other to form various embodiments which are not listed above, and all of them are regarded as the scope of the present invention described in the specification; further, modifications and variations may be suggested to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A process for preparing carbon by using an inner series furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, checking a furnace body, and cleaning the end faces of conductive electrodes on furnace walls at two ends of a furnace kiln; s2, laying heat preservation materials at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the heat preservation materials from the furnace head to the furnace tail are positioned on the same horizontal plane; s3, laying adjusting blocks for placing the coarse carbon rods (1) on the heat-insulating material, wherein the adjusting blocks are distributed linearly from the furnace head to the furnace tail; s4, hoisting the coarse carbon rods (1) in sequence by a crane, and placing the coarse carbon rods on the adjusting block to enable the plurality of coarse carbon rods (1) to be sequentially connected end to end in the furnace to form a group of carbon rod columns; s5, when a gap between the coarse carbon rod (1) close to one end of the furnace end and the conductive electrode is too large, the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the contact part between the coarse carbon rod (1) and the conductive electrode are filled and conducted through the adjusting cushion block, and graphite gaskets are arranged on the conductive electrode, the adjusting cushion block and the contact part between the coarse carbon rod (1); s6, the geometric centers of the plurality of end-to-end coarse carbon rods (1), the adjusting cushion blocks and the conductive electrodes are positioned on a straight line, and the end-to-end coarse carbon rods (1) positioned in the middle of the furnace are tightly pressed through hydraulic thrusters respectively arranged on the outer sides of two ends of the furnace; s7, continuously putting a heat preservation material into the furnace, and enabling the heat preservation material to cover the coarse carbon rod (1); s8, paving fine carbon rods (2) on the heat insulation material in sequence, wherein the fine carbon rods (2) are respectively and correspondingly placed above each coarse carbon rod (1); s9, putting the heat insulation material into the furnace again to enable the heat insulation material to cover the fine carbon rod (2); s10, pressing a conductive copper bar on one side of a hydraulic pushing device on two ends of the kiln against a conductive electrode, pressing a conductive copper bar on the other side against an aluminum bar connected with a transformer substation, closing the switch and supplying power to heat the coarse carbon rod (1); s11, selecting corresponding power transmission power according to the specification of the carbon rod, continuously transmitting power and heating for twenty-four hours, and simultaneously graphitizing and heating the coarse carbon rod (1) and the fine carbon rod (2) in the furnace; s12, after the graphitization heating is finished, performing power-off operation, cooling to a qualified temperature, and sequentially taking out the fine carbon rod (2) and the coarse carbon rod (1); s13, cleaning hard shell wastes at the bottom and the wall of the furnace, and checking the structure of the furnace body.
2. The process for preparing carbon using an internal furnace according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the fine carbon rod (2) and the coarse carbon rod (1) is controlled to prevent the fine carbon rod (2) and the coarse carbon rod (1) from contacting each other in step S8.
3. The process for preparing carbon by using the internal furnace according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S4, at least one group of carbon rod columns consisting of the end-to-end coarse carbon rods (1) are arranged in the furnace, and the gaps are arranged between the adjacent carbon rod columns and are filled with the heat insulating materials.
4. The process for preparing carbon by using the internal furnace train as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the adjusting blocks is matched with the number of the coarse carbon rods (1).
5. The process for preparing carbon by using the inside grate furnace according to claim 4, wherein the end furnace wall and the tail furnace wall are both provided with through holes for placing conductive electrodes, the conductive electrodes are embedded in the through holes, the gap between the conductive electrodes and the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the heat insulating material, and the conductive electrodes are respectively contacted with the thick carbon rods (1) at the head and tail ends of the carbon rod column through hydraulic thrusters at the two ends of the furnace kiln.
6. The process for preparing carbon by using an internal furnace according to claim 1, wherein the graphite gasket is a flexible graphite gasket in step S5.
7. The process for preparing carbon by using the internal furnace according to claim 1, wherein the step S11 comprises the following steps: a constant temperature rise stage; step S11b: a temperature rise and speed increase stage; step S11c: a constant high temperature stage; the constant high temperature stage is from 19 th to 24 th hours, and the heating temperature is increased from 2800 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
8. The process for preparing carbon by using the internal furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is to clean the heat insulating material and graphite fragments adhered to the end surface of the conductive electrode.
9. The process for preparing carbon by using the internal furnace according to claim 1, wherein the dust-like insulating material is screened before the insulating material is used in step S2.
10. The process for preparing carbon by using an inner series furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step S3, the shape of the adjusting block is adapted to the outer diameter of the coarse carbon rod (1) for stably supporting the coarse carbon rod (1).
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| CN104477891A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Graphitizing method for isostatic graphite product |
| US20180062008A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | Solarcity Corporation | Method and system for manufacturing electrical contact for photovoltaic structures |
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| CN216790854U (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-06-21 | 胡广林 | Novel graphitization equipment furnace with one furnace for multiple purposes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104477891A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Graphitizing method for isostatic graphite product |
| US20180062008A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | Solarcity Corporation | Method and system for manufacturing electrical contact for photovoltaic structures |
| CN108083271A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 中国平煤神马集团开封炭素有限公司 | A kind of ultra-fine grain Delanium graphitization technique and graphitizing furnace |
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