CN115524171A - Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device - Google Patents

Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115524171A
CN115524171A CN202211272928.6A CN202211272928A CN115524171A CN 115524171 A CN115524171 A CN 115524171A CN 202211272928 A CN202211272928 A CN 202211272928A CN 115524171 A CN115524171 A CN 115524171A
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water
seawater
plankton
pipe
filter box
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王孝程
靳青青
王海宁
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National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center
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National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G01N2001/1445—Overpressure, pressurisation at sampling point

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ plankton sampling device for offshore areas, which comprises a base, a damping base plate, a winder, a water pumping sleeve and a filter box, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of water pumping sleeve groups; the base is arranged on a collecting ship when in-situ plankton in the offshore area is collected; the base is of a box-shaped structure without a cover, and the internal space is sufficient; a bobbin winder, a damping base plate, a water pumping sleeve set and a filter box are sequentially arranged above the base from left to right; the bottom of the winder is fixedly connected to the base; the damping backing plate is fixedly connected to the base; the water pumping sleeve group is positioned above the damping base plate, and when the device works, the damping base plate reduces the vibration influence of the water pump on the ship body and keeps the stability of the water pump; the bottom of the filter box is fixedly connected to the base; the device can carry out all-dimensional acquisition on a specific water layer within a target depth range, ensures the stability of the living environment of plankton in the water layer and improves the accuracy of subsequent detection; the water intake is controllable, repeated sampling is not needed, the device is not easy to damage, and subsequent cleaning and maintenance are convenient.

Description

Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to an in-situ plankton sampling device for an offshore sea area.
Background
Marine plankton is a marine organism suspended in a water layer that often moves with the water flow. Such organisms lack developed motor organs and have no or only weak swimming ability; most individuals are very small, and the structure of the individual is only seen under a microscope, and only the individual of individual species is very large; the plankton is various in types and belongs to most phyla of the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom; the quantity is large, the distribution is wide, almost all the sea areas of the world exist, and the marine organism is a main member of marine organisms; the method is a bait foundation for economic fishes, helps to find a fishing ground and determine the fishing period according to the quantity distribution of various plankton, and some plankton have enrichment and purification capacity on environmental pollutants, so that the research on plankton has important significance on fishery production and ocean science basic theories. One of the basic steps of research is to sample plankton from the seawater of the target sea area and the target depth, and the sampling forms and the used devices are different.
Most of offshore area in-situ plankton sampling devices disclosed in the prior art are designed and manufactured by taking trawl collection (vertical trawl, layered trawl) and tuck collection as cores, the working water depth is 2.0-30M, and the working principle is that a collection ship or other power mechanisms on the ship is utilized in a target sea area to drive a collector to vertically or horizontally drag and collect the target depth in the target sea area; in the dragging and collecting process, due to the large volume and the relatively high moving speed of the trawl, the stirred water flow can cause disturbance to the movable water layers of plankton, fish and other organisms in the collecting area, and results such as the collecting amount, the plankton species and the like are inaccurate to a certain extent; because the netting has a certain length, in the area with the water depth less than 2M, the trawl is inconvenient to sample; the sample can not be collected for a long time at a fixed depth when the vertical or horizontal dragging net is used for collection; in the process of recovering the collecting device from a target position with the depth of 20-30M to a collecting ship, along with the rapid upward movement of the device, the resistance between the device and water and the impact of water flow on the collecting device can greatly reduce the service life; the device for directly collecting the in-situ seawater in a small part has the advantages that the number of sampled products is small due to the volume limitation of the collecting bottle and is difficult to represent, the phenomenon that other factors influencing the subsequent determination of plankton conditions such as inconsistent collecting positions due to multiple times of collection is increased, and the comprehensive efficiency is lower;
accordingly, those skilled in the art have been directed to developing an in situ plankton sampling device for offshore sea areas to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are that the apparatus disclosed in the prior art cannot overcome the defects that the stirring water flow disturbs plankton at the collection position, the apparatus is easy to break, the multiple collection efficiency is low, long-time sampling cannot be performed at a specific water depth, effective sampling cannot be performed at a water depth zone less than 2M, and the sample does not have representativeness.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides, in a first aspect, an in-situ plankton sampling device for offshore sea areas, comprising a base, a shock absorption base plate, a bobbin, a water pumping sleeve set and a filter box; the base is arranged on a collecting ship when in-situ plankton in the offshore area is collected; the base is of a uncovered box type structure, and the inner space is sufficient; a bobbin winder, a damping base plate, a water pumping sleeve set and a filter box are sequentially arranged above the base from left to right; the bottom of the winder is fixedly connected to the base; the shock absorption base plate is fixedly connected to the base; the water pumping sleeve group is positioned above the damping base plate, and when the device works, the damping base plate reduces the vibration influence of the water pump on the ship body and keeps the stability of the water pump; the bottom of the filter box is fixedly connected to the base;
further, a measuring cable is wound on the rotating shaft of the winder; one end of the measuring cable is connected with the winder, and the other end of the measuring cable is fixed at the tail end of the suction pipe; the measuring cable is supported by the supporting shaft, so that the rolled-out part is attached to and parallel to the water suction pipe, and the service life reduction caused by friction with other components of the device is reduced; the measuring cable is provided with a length mark, so that an operator can know the sampling depth conveniently in the sampling process;
further, the water pumping set comprises a seawater centrifugal pump, a water suction pipe and a water outlet pipe; the lower part of the seawater centrifugal pump is fixedly arranged on a damping base plate; the left side of the seawater centrifugal pump is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the upper part of the seawater centrifugal pump is connected with a water outlet; a connector is arranged at the tail end of the water inlet pipe; before the device works, the water suction pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe through the connecting port, and the sealing performance of the connecting position is ensured; the water suction pipe is provided with a fixed ring every 1M; the part of the fixing ring is not attached to the water suction pipe and is used for placing a measuring cable so that the measuring cable is attached to the water suction pipe; the tail end of the water suction pipe is fixedly connected with a solid weighting block resistant to seawater corrosion, and the water suction pipe is assisted to quickly sink to a target position after the water suction pipe is thrown into the sea; the pipeline in the 2M position above the weighting block is a water pipe with a hole; the perforated water pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, so that seawater at a target position can enter from the periphery, the stirring condition of water flow is reduced, and the stability of plankton clusters at the sampling target position is ensured to the maximum extent; the left end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet, and the right end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the filter box; the left side and the right side of the water outlet pipe are provided with valves; a waste liquid port is arranged below the left valve of the water outlet pipe; the waste liquid port is provided with a valve; after the device is started, the valve on the left side of the water outlet pipe is ensured to be closed, the valve at the waste liquid outlet is opened, and the part of seawater sucked out firstly is discharged from the waste liquid outlet so as to ensure that the sampled seawater is the seawater with the target depth;
furthermore, the filter box comprises a filter box inlet, a primary screen, a secondary screen, a tertiary screen, a water outlet, a cleaning port and a sampling sliding door; the inlet of the filter box is positioned above the box body, the upper end of the inlet is connected with the right end of the water outlet pipe, and the lower end of the inlet is communicated with the inside of the filter box; a layer of filter cloth is paved above the two screens and the three screens; the primary screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body in parallel, the diameter of the mesh of the screen is 5mm, and large blocks of sand and stone, giant and large plankton can be filtered; the two screens are inclined rightwards and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of meshes of the screens is 5mm, the diameter of meshes of filter cloth is 0.160mm, and medium-sized plankton can be filtered; the three screens are inclined rightwards and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of meshes of the screens is 5mm, the diameter of meshes of the filter cloth is 0.077mm, and small plankton and micro plankton can be filtered; the water outlet is positioned at the right side of the bottom of the filter box and is provided with a valve, and when the filtered seawater is discharged, the seawater with the corresponding volume can be taken for the detection and observation of micro and ultramicro plankton according to the subsequent detection requirements; the water outlet penetrates through the base; the cleaning port is positioned at the left upper part of the filter box and is provided with a valve, and after plankton on each screen is collected, clear water can be injected into the cleaning device from the cleaning port; the sampling sliding door is made of transparent materials, so that operators can observe the internal filtering condition conveniently; if a large amount of seawater is filtered, the filtering speed of the filter screen is slowed or the filter screen is blocked, the valve related to water inlet can be closed, the sampling sliding door is opened at any time, plankton samples on the filter screen and the filter cloth are collected, and the filtering efficiency is ensured; after the sampling sliding door is opened, the interior of the sampling sliding door can be cleaned and checked, so that the normal work of the filter box is ensured; furthermore, the measuring cable is wound up and shortened by the winder to drive the tail end of the suction pipe to be vertically pulled up together; the water suction pipe is made of soft foldable materials, and can be folded and shortened when being pulled up to discharge seawater in the pipe;
the winder and the seawater centrifugal pump are both electric driving devices and are connected with a storage battery of the collection ship through respective external power supplies;
in the specific implementation mode of the invention, each valve can control the flow, and the seawater volume can be calculated according to the flow, so that the subsequent data analysis is convenient;
in the specific implementation mode of the invention, the seawater centrifugal pump is a commercial product, and the lift can reach more than 30 m;
in a specific embodiment of the invention, the measuring cable length is 35m or more;
in a second aspect, the invention provides a method for plankton collection using the in-situ plankton collection apparatus in the offshore sea area of the first aspect of the invention,
comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
step 1, after collecting ship driving to a target sea area, inspecting the installation condition of each device; inspecting the connection state of the measurement cable and the suction pipe to ensure that the measurement cable passes through each fixed ring;
step 2, putting the water suction pipe into the sea, rotating the winder to release a measurement cable, driving the water suction pipe and the measurement cable to sink into the sea under the driving of the weighting block, and closing the winder when the length mark of the measurement cable exposed out of the water surface reaches the target depth to prepare for subsequent seawater suction work;
step 3, electrifying the seawater centrifugal pump, keeping the valve of the water outlet pipe closed, opening the valve of the waste liquid port, starting the seawater centrifugal pump, starting water absorption at the position of the water pipe with the hole, pumping the seawater into the pipeline, discharging the seawater from the waste liquid port, opening each valve of the water outlet pipe and adjusting the flow of the valve above the inlet of the filter box after a certain time, closing the valve of the waste liquid port, enabling the seawater to enter the filter box through the water outlet pipe, and starting the filtering work;
step 4, primarily filtering the seawater to sand and stones with the diameter larger than 5mm, giant plankton and large plankton through a primary screen after the seawater enters a filter box; filtering the mixture to medium plankton with diameter larger than 0.160mm through two screens; then filtering the mixture to obtain small plankton and micro plankton with the diameter of more than 0.077mm through three screens; the inclined screen is helpful for helping seawater to be uniformly screened, the occurrence of local blockage caused by over-high plankton accumulation at a certain position is reduced, and the filtering efficiency is increased; discharging the filtered seawater from the water outlet to the sea, collecting quantitative filtered seawater by workers with other containers, and measuring the content of micro and ultramicro plankton in the seawater according to related detection requirements;
step 5, after the target seawater suction amount is reached, closing a power supply of the seawater centrifugal pump, starting the winder to rotate rightwards to rotate the measuring cable back, driving the measuring cable to fold and contract the water suction pipe and move upwards to discharge seawater in the pipe, and after the water suction pipe is completely recovered, finishing and storing;
step 6, opening the sampling sliding door, collecting planktons on the three screens and the screen cloth into a specific container, cleaning the filter box through a cleaning port, and finishing the collection work;
by adopting the scheme, the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area disclosed by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area, disclosed by the invention, the tail end of the water suction pipe is provided with the section of water pipe with the hole, so that seawater can be comprehensively collected from one plane of a target water depth, the influence of the water suction device on water flow stirring is greatly reduced, planktons on a water layer are ensured to be in an original stable living environment, the accuracy of subsequent research results is improved, and the water suction efficiency is improved;
(2) According to the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area, the water pipe is extended to the target depth for water taking, so that core components in the device cannot be damaged, the follow-up maintenance is convenient, the price is relatively low, and the service life of the device is prolonged;
(3) According to the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area, disclosed by the invention, the volume of the collected seawater can be calculated according to the flow set by the valve, repeated sampling is not needed, and the stability of a sampling position is ensured; the target amount can be completed by one-time starting, the operation is simple, and the acquisition process is efficient and quick;
in conclusion, the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area disclosed by the invention can carry out all-dimensional acquisition on one water layer at the target depth, so that the stability of the living environment of the plankton in the water layer is ensured, and the accuracy of subsequent detection is improved; the water intake is controllable, repeated sampling is not needed, the device is not easy to damage, and subsequent cleaning and maintenance are convenient.
The conception, the specific technical solutions and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description so as to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an internal structure diagram of an in-situ plankton sampling device in an offshore area according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view structural diagram (without a base) of the in-situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the end of the barrel 5;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the filter box 7;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the folded barrel 5 and the measuring cable 302;
in the figure, 1, a base; 2. a shock-absorbing base plate; 3. a winder; 301. a support shaft; 302. a measurement cable; 4. a seawater centrifugal pump; 401. a water inlet pipe; 402. a water outlet; 403. a connecting port; 5. a suction pipe; 501. a water pipe with holes; 502. a stationary ring; 503. a weighting block; 6. a water outlet pipe; 601. a waste liquid port; 7. a filter box; 701. an inlet of the filter box; 702. a primary screen mesh; 703. two screens; 704. three screens; 705. a water outlet; 706. cleaning the opening; 707. and (4) sampling sliding doors.
Detailed Description
The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make the technical contents thereof clearer and easier to understand. The invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative only, and the scope of the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein.
If there is an experimental method not specified specific conditions, it is usually carried out according to conventional conditions, such as the relevant instructions or manuals.
The structure of the in-situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area is shown in figures 1-2,
comprises a base 1, a shock absorption base plate 2, a bobbin winder 3, a water pumping sleeve group and a filter box 7; the base 1 is arranged on a collecting ship when in-situ plankton in the offshore area is collected; the base 1 is of a uncovered box type structure, and the inner space is sufficient; a bobbin winder 3, a damping base plate 2, a water pumping sleeve set and a filter box 7 are sequentially arranged above the base 1 from left to right; the bottom of the winder 3 is fixedly connected to the base 1; the damping backing plate 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1; the water pumping sleeve group is positioned above the damping base plate 2, and when the device works, the damping base plate 2 reduces the vibration influence of the water pump on the ship body and keeps the stability of the water pump; the bottom of the filter box 7 is fixedly connected to the base 1;
a measuring cable 302 is wound on the rotating shaft of the winder 3; one end of the measuring cable 302 is connected with the winder 3, and the other end of the measuring cable is fixed at the tail end of the suction pipe 5; the measuring cable 302 is supported by a support shaft 301, so that the rotated-out part is attached to and parallel to the suction pipe 5, and the service life reduction caused by friction with other components of the device is reduced; the measuring cable 302 is provided with a length mark, so that an operator can know the sampling depth conveniently in the sampling process;
the water pumping set comprises a seawater centrifugal pump 4, a water suction pipe 5 and a water outlet pipe 6; the lower part of the seawater centrifugal pump 4 is fixedly arranged on the damping base plate 2; the left side of the seawater centrifugal pump 4 is connected with a water inlet pipe 401, and the upper part of the seawater centrifugal pump is connected with a water outlet 402; a connecting port 403 is arranged at the tail end of the water inlet pipe 401; before the device works, the suction pipe 5 is connected with the water inlet pipe 401 through the connecting port 403, and the sealing performance of the connecting position is ensured; the water suction pipe 5 is provided with a fixing ring 502 every 1M; a part of the fixing ring 502 is not attached to the barrel 5 and is used for placing the measuring cable 302 so that the measuring cable 302 is attached to the barrel 5; the left end of the water outlet pipe 6 is connected with the water outlet 402, and the right end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the inlet 701 of the filter box; the left side and the right side of the water outlet pipe 6 are provided with valves; a waste liquid port 601 is arranged below the left valve of the water outlet pipe 6; the waste liquid port 601 is provided with a valve; after the device is started, the left valve of the water outlet pipe 6 is ensured to be closed, the valve at the waste liquid port 601 is opened, and the part of seawater sucked out firstly is discharged from the waste liquid port 601 so as to ensure that the sampled seawater is the seawater with the target depth;
as shown in fig. 3, a solid weighting block 503 resistant to seawater corrosion is fixedly connected to the end of the suction pipe 5, and the suction pipe 5 is assisted to rapidly sink to a target position after the suction pipe 5 is thrown into the sea; the pipeline in the 2M position above the weighting block 503 is a water pipe 501 with a hole; the perforated water pipe 501 is provided with a plurality of holes, so that seawater at a target position can enter from the periphery, the stirring condition of water flow is reduced, and the stability of plankton clusters at the sampling target position is ensured to the maximum extent;
as shown in fig. 4, the filter tank 7 includes a filter tank inlet 701, a primary screen 702, a secondary screen 703, a tertiary screen 704, a drain 705, a purge port 706, and a sampling sliding door 707; the inlet 701 of the filter box is positioned above the box body, the upper end of the inlet 701 is connected with the right end of the water outlet pipe 6, and the lower end of the inlet 701 is communicated with the inside of the filter box 7; a layer of filter cloth is paved above the second screen mesh 703 and the third screen mesh 704; the primary screen 702 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body in parallel, the diameter of the mesh of the screen is 5mm, and large blocks of sand and stones, giant and large planktons can be filtered; the two screens 703 incline rightwards and are fixedly connected on the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of the meshes of the screens is 5mm, the diameter of the meshes of the filter cloth is 0.160mm, and the medium-sized plankton can be filtered; the three screens 704 are inclined rightwards and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of meshes of the screens is 5mm, the diameter of meshes of filter cloth is 0.077mm, and small plankton and micro plankton can be filtered; the water outlet 705 is positioned at the right side of the bottom of the filter tank 7 and is provided with a valve, so that when the filtered seawater is discharged, the seawater with the corresponding volume can be taken for detection and observation of micro and ultra-micro plankton according to the subsequent detection requirements; the drain 705 passes through the base 1; the cleaning port 706 is positioned at the left upper part of the filter box and is provided with a valve, and after plankton on each screen is collected, clear water can be injected into the cleaning device from the cleaning port 706; the sampling sliding door 707 is made of transparent material, so that an operator can observe the internal filtering condition conveniently; if a lot of seawater is filtered, the filtering speed of the filter screen becomes slow or the filter screen is blocked, the water inlet related valve can be closed, the sampling sliding door 707 is opened at any time, plankton samples on the filter screen and the filter cloth are collected, and the filtering efficiency is ensured; after the sampling sliding door 707 is opened, the interior of the sampling sliding door can be cleaned and checked, so that the normal work of the filter box 7 is ensured;
as shown in fig. 5, the measuring cable 302 is wound up and shortened by the winder 3, and the ends of the suction pipe 5 are pulled up vertically; the water suction pipe 5 is made of soft foldable materials, and can be folded and shortened when being pulled up to discharge seawater in the pipe;
the winder 3 and the seawater centrifugal pump 4 are both electric driving devices and are connected with a storage battery of the collection ship through respective external power supplies;
the valves can control the flow, the seawater volume can be calculated according to the flow, and subsequent data analysis is facilitated;
the seawater centrifugal pump 4 is a commercial product, and the lift can reach more than 30 m;
the length of the measuring cable 302 is more than 35 m;
the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area is used as follows:
example 1 operation of an in situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area
Step 1, after a collection ship runs to a certain offshore area, an external power supply of a winder 3 of the device is switched on, so that the winder 3 rotates leftwards and a measurement cable 302 is turned out; checking the connection state of the measuring cable 302 and the suction pipe 5 to ensure that the measuring cable 302 passes through each fixing ring 502 of the folded suction pipe 5;
step 2, putting the suction pipe 5 into the sea, continuously rotating the winder 3, rotating out a sufficient amount of measuring cable 302, moving the suction pipe 5 downwards under the action of the weight 503 below, moving the measuring cable 302 at the moment, closing the winder 3 when the length mark of the measuring cable 302 exposed out of the water surface reaches 30m, and stopping working, wherein the tail end of the suction pipe 5 is positioned at the water depth of 30m, so that the subsequent seawater suction work can be carried out;
step 3, an external power supply of the seawater centrifugal pump 4 is switched on, a valve on the left side of the water outlet pipe 6 is kept in a closed state, a valve of the waste liquid port 601 is in an open state, the seawater centrifugal pump 4 is started, water absorption starts at a water pipe 501 with holes at the lower end of the water absorption pipe 5, seawater is pumped into a pipeline and is discharged from the waste liquid port 601, after a certain time, each valve of the water outlet pipe is opened, the flow of the valve above the inlet 701 of the filter box is adjusted, the valve of the waste liquid port 601 is closed, seawater enters the filter box 7 through the water outlet pipe 6, and the filtering operation starts;
step 4, after entering the filter box 7, the seawater firstly passes through a primary screen 702, and is primarily filtered to sand and stones with the diameter larger than 5mm, giant plankton and large plankton; then filtering the mixture by using a second screen 703 to obtain medium plankton with the diameter of more than 0.160 mm; then filtering the mixture to obtain small plankton and micro plankton with the diameter of more than 0.077mm through a three-screen 704; the filtered seawater is discharged to the sea from the water outlet 705, meanwhile, workers can collect quantitative filtered seawater by other containers, and the content of micro and ultra-micro plankton in the seawater is measured according to related detection requirements;
step 5, after the target seawater suction amount is reached, turning off the power supply of the seawater centrifugal pump 4, turning on the switch of the wire winder 3 and enabling the wire winder 3 to rotate rightwards to gradually rotate the measuring cable 302 back, driving the measuring cable 302 to fold and shrink the water suction pipe 5 and move upwards, discharging the seawater in the pipe, and after the water suction pipe 5 is completely recovered, finishing and storing;
step 6, opening a sampling sliding door 707, collecting plankton on three screens and screen cloth into a specific container, cleaning a filter box 7 through a cleaning port 706, and finishing the collection work;
comparative example 2, the existing trawl type plankton collection device used the steps:
step 1, driving an acquisition ship to a certain offshore sea area, manually unfolding a trawl, connecting one end of the trawl to a winder or other equipment for fixing of the acquisition ship, and throwing a main body into the certain offshore sea area;
step 2, starting an acquisition ship after the trawl reaches the water depth of 30m, and carrying out dragging acquisition in a target sea area;
step 3, after a period of time, recovering the trawl, wherein the surface layer of the protective sleeve outside the trawl is damaged in different degrees, the organisms in the trawl mainly comprise fishes, shrimps and planktons, more non-target collected organisms appear, planktons with different diameters in the trawl are collected for subsequent analysis, and part of the planktons under observation are flushed by water flow to cause damage and death of surface tissues;
comparative example 3, the use of the existing collection bottle-type plankton collection device comprises the following steps:
step 1, the collection ship runs to a certain offshore sea area, the tightness of the collection bottle device is checked, one end of a fixed cable is connected to a winder or other equipment for fixing of the collection ship after the checking is finished, and a main body enters the certain offshore sea area;
step 2, after the collection bottle reaches the water depth of 30m, in-situ plankton collection is started;
step 3, after a period of time, recovering the collection bottle, wherein the collection bottle can collect the seawater in situ for about 10L, the collection is repeated for 5 times to achieve the target, and the collection work is finished after 5 times of repetition; the seawater in the collection bottle is filtered by other filtering devices, and the observation shows that A, B, C three bottles of sample seawater result in that A and B have similar internal plankton species and proportion, and C has fewer internal plankton species and proportion and is lower than A, B; three bottles of sample seawater are difficult to represent the plankton distribution condition of the target depth sea area, and repeated collection is needed;
comparing and analyzing the example 1 and the comparative example 2, it can be known that the in-situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area directly absorbs seawater at the target depth without dragging and collecting, has less influence on the moving water layer of plankton, has more representativeness on collected plankton, has higher collection efficiency, can not be damaged due to water flow impact, and prolongs the service life of the device;
comparing and analyzing the example 1 and the comparative example 3, it can be known that the in-situ plankton sampling device for the offshore area can absorb enough seawater at one time without repeated collection, external conditions such as position, temperature, water flow speed and the like are consistent during collection, collected planktons are more representative of the sea area where the current depth is located, the comprehensive viewing efficiency is higher, and the subsequent analysis result is more accurate.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. An in-situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area is characterized in that,
comprises a base (1), a shock absorption base plate (2), a bobbin winder (3), a water pumping sleeve group and a filter box (7); the base (1) is arranged on a collecting ship when in-situ plankton in the offshore area is collected; the base (1) is of a box-shaped structure without a cover, and the inner space is sufficient; a bobbin winder (3), a damping base plate (2), a water pumping sleeve set and a filter box (7) are sequentially arranged above the base (1) from left to right; the bottom of the winder (3) is fixedly connected to the base (1); the shock absorption base plate (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1); the water pumping sleeve set is positioned above the damping base plate (2), and when the device works, the damping base plate (2) reduces the vibration influence of the water pump on the ship body and keeps the stability of the water pump; the bottom of the filter box (7) is fixedly connected to the base (1); the water pumping set comprises a seawater centrifugal pump (4), a water suction pipe (5) and a water outlet pipe (6); the filter box (7) comprises a filter box inlet (701), a primary screen (702), a secondary screen (703), a tertiary screen (704), a water outlet (705), a cleaning port (706) and a sampling sliding door (707); the winder (3) and the seawater centrifugal pump (4) are both electric driving devices and are connected with a storage battery of the collection ship through respective external power supplies.
2. The in-situ plankton sampling device in offshore area of claim 1,
a measuring cable (302) is wound on a rotating shaft of the winder (3); one end of the measuring cable (302) is connected with the winder (3), and the other end of the measuring cable is fixed at the tail end of the suction pipe (5); the measuring cable (302) is supported by the supporting shaft (301), so that the rotated part is ensured to be attached to and parallel to the water suction pipe (5), and the service life reduction caused by friction with other components of the device is reduced; the length mark is arranged on the measuring cable (302), so that an operator can know the sampling depth conveniently in the sampling process.
3. The in-situ plankton sampling device in offshore area of claim 1,
the lower part of the seawater centrifugal pump (4) is fixedly arranged on the damping base plate (2); the left side of the seawater centrifugal pump (4) is connected with a water inlet pipe (401), and the upper part of the seawater centrifugal pump is connected with a water outlet (402); a connecting port (403) is arranged at the tail end of the water inlet pipe (401); before the device works, the suction pipe (5) is connected with the water inlet pipe (401) through the connecting port (403), and the sealing performance of the connecting position is ensured; the water suction pipe (5) is provided with a fixed ring (502) every other meter; part of the fixing ring (502) is not attached to the water suction pipe (5) and is used for placing the measuring cable (302) so that the measuring cable (302) is attached to the water suction pipe (5); the left end of the water outlet pipe (6) is connected with the water outlet (402), and the right end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the inlet (701) of the filter box; the left side and the right side of the water outlet pipe (6) are provided with valves; a waste liquid port (601) is arranged below the left valve of the water outlet pipe (6); the waste liquid port (601) is provided with a valve; after the device is started, the valve on the left side of the water outlet pipe (6) is ensured to be closed, the valve at the waste liquid port (601) is opened, and the part of seawater sucked out firstly is discharged from the waste liquid port (601) so as to ensure that the sampled seawater is the seawater with the target depth.
4. The in-situ plankton sampling device in offshore area of claim 1,
the tail end of the water suction pipe (5) is fixedly connected with a solid weighting block (503) resistant to seawater corrosion, and the water suction pipe (5) is assisted to rapidly sink to a target position after the water suction pipe (5) is thrown into the sea; a pipeline within two meters above the weighting block (503) is a perforated water pipe (501); the perforated water pipe (501) is provided with a plurality of holes, so that seawater at a target position can enter from the periphery, the stirring condition of water flow is reduced, and the stability of plankton clusters at the sampling target position is ensured to the maximum extent.
5. The in-situ plankton sampling device of claim 1,
the inlet (701) of the filter box is positioned above the box body, the upper end of the inlet is connected with the right end of the water outlet pipe (6), and the lower end of the inlet is communicated with the inside of the filter box (7); a layer of filter cloth is paved above the two screens (703) and the three screens (704); the primary screen (702) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body in parallel, the diameter of the screen mesh is 5mm, and large blocks of sand and stone, giant and large plankton can be filtered; the two screens (703) are inclined rightwards and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of meshes of the screens is 5mm, and the diameter of meshes of filter cloth is 0.160mm, so that medium-sized planktons can be filtered; the three screens (704) incline rightwards and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body, the diameter of meshes of the screens is 5mm, the diameter of meshes of filter cloth is 0.077mm, and micro plankton can be filtered; the water outlet (705) is positioned at the right side of the bottom of the filter box (7) and is provided with a valve, so that the filtered seawater can be discharged, and meanwhile, the seawater with the corresponding volume can be taken for the detection and observation of micro and ultra-micro planktons according to the subsequent detection requirements; the water outlet (705) penetrates through the base (1); the cleaning port (706) is positioned at the left upper part of the filter box and is provided with a valve, and after plankton on each screen is collected, clean water can be injected into the cleaning device from the cleaning port (706); the sampling sliding door (707) is made of transparent material, so that an operator can conveniently observe the internal filtering condition; if a lot of seawater is filtered, the filtering speed of the filter screen becomes slow or the filter screen is blocked, the water inlet related valve can be closed, the sampling sliding door (707) is opened at any time, plankton samples on the filter screen and the filter cloth are collected, and the filtering efficiency is ensured; the interior of the sampling sliding door (707) can be cleaned and checked after being opened, so that the normal work of the filter box (7) is ensured.
6. The in-situ plankton sampling device of claim 2,
the measuring cable (302) is wound up and shortened by the winder (3) to drive the tail ends of the water suction pipes (5) to be vertically pulled up together; the water suction pipe (5) is made of soft foldable materials, and can be folded, shortened and discharged to discharge seawater in the pipe when being pulled up.
7. The in-situ plankton sampling device in offshore area of claim 1,
the valves can control the flow, the seawater volume can be calculated according to the flow, and the subsequent data analysis is facilitated;
the seawater centrifugal pump (4) is a commercial product, and the lift can reach more than 30 m;
the length of the measuring cable (302) is more than 35 m.
8. The in-situ plankton sampling device in offshore area of claim 1,
the use of the in-situ plankton sampling device in the offshore area comprises the following steps:
step 1, after collecting ship driving to a target sea area, inspecting the installation condition of each device; inspecting whether the measuring cable (302) passes through each of the fixing rings (502);
step 2, putting the water suction pipe (5) into the sea, enabling the winder (3) to rotate to release the measuring cable (302), driving the water suction pipe (5) and the measuring cable (302) to sink into the sea under the driving of the weight (503), and closing the winder (3) when the length mark of the measuring cable (302) exposed out of the water surface reaches the target depth;
step 3, the seawater centrifugal pump (4) is powered on, the valve of the water outlet pipe (6) is closed, the valve of the waste liquid port (601) is opened, the seawater centrifugal pump (4) is started, seawater at the position of the water pipe (501) with holes enters and is pumped into the pipeline to move upwards and is discharged from the waste liquid port (601), after a certain time, each valve of the water outlet pipe (6) is opened, the flow of the valve above the inlet (701) of the filter box is adjusted, the valve of the waste liquid port (601) is closed, and the seawater enters the filter box (7);
step 4, after entering the filter box (7), the seawater sequentially passes through a primary screen (702), a secondary screen (703) and a tertiary screen (704), the filtered seawater is discharged into the sea from a water outlet, and workers can also receive part of the seawater at the water outlet for subsequent detection;
step 5, after the target seawater suction amount is reached, closing the seawater centrifugal pump (4), starting the winder (3) to rotate rightwards to rotate the measuring cable (302) back, folding and contracting the water suction pipe (5), moving upwards and discharging the seawater in the pipe, and after the water suction pipe (5) is completely recovered, finishing and storing;
and 6, opening the sampling sliding door (707), collecting planktons on the three screens and the screen cloth, cleaning the filter box (7) through the cleaning port (706), and finishing the collection work.
CN202211272928.6A 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device Pending CN115524171A (en)

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CN202211272928.6A CN115524171A (en) 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211272928.6A CN115524171A (en) 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 Offshore area normal position plankton sampling device

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CN115524171A true CN115524171A (en) 2022-12-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117191538A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-08 山东锆石智能设备有限公司 Hydraulic engineering surveys with collection of plankton and strains device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117191538A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-08 山东锆石智能设备有限公司 Hydraulic engineering surveys with collection of plankton and strains device
CN117191538B (en) * 2023-11-07 2024-02-02 山东锆石智能设备有限公司 Hydraulic engineering surveys with collection of plankton and strains device

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