CN115522531A - Freezing system and construction method of elevator shaft or sump based on freezing method - Google Patents
Freezing system and construction method of elevator shaft or sump based on freezing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115522531A CN115522531A CN202211306754.0A CN202211306754A CN115522531A CN 115522531 A CN115522531 A CN 115522531A CN 202211306754 A CN202211306754 A CN 202211306754A CN 115522531 A CN115522531 A CN 115522531A
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- freezing
- elevator shaft
- sump
- circulating pipeline
- brine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
- E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
- E02D19/14—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by freezing the soil
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an elevator shaft or sump freezing system and a construction method based on a freezing method, which comprises freezing pipes arranged in soil mass at the periphery of an elevator shaft or sump, wherein a brine circulating pipeline is connected between the freezing pipes, and a brine pump is connected to the brine circulating pipeline; the brine circulating pipeline is connected with a refrigerating unit through a first heat exchanger. According to the construction method, the artificial freezing technology is utilized to form the frozen wall with certain strength and water-resisting effect outside the pit, and then the construction of the elevator shaft or the sump is carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction, in particular to a freezing system and a construction method of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit based on a freezing method.
Background
The promotion of the novel urbanization of China makes the construction of urban public building projects show a great situation which is not exquisitely popular, and the underground parking lots of the public building projects are endowed with important missions for relieving the surrounding parking pressure and improving the happiness of people. Increasing the buried depth of the underground garage of the building undoubtedly becomes an effective means for adjusting the urban space layout and relieving the parking pressure.
With the construction of a large number of foundation pit projects, the depth of the foundation pit gradually becomes deeper, and the site conditions and the geological conditions are gradually complicated. Under the general condition, a small excavator is firstly adopted to excavate a large area of the sump pit and the foundation pit earthwork of the elevator shaft, and manual excavation and slope repairing are adopted to the corner parts and the parts where the mechanical excavation can not be achieved. And simultaneously, a method of pipe well dewatering and local light well point dewatering is used for dewatering during excavation. However, if the water content of the ground is rich and the self-supporting property of the soil is poor, the slope collapse or water burst into the pit is easily caused during excavation. In actual construction, the water level can not be effectively reduced to be lower than the elevation of the pit bottom by adopting a method of local light well point dewatering at deeper positions of an elevator shaft and a water collecting pit, so that the construction of a subsequent cushion layer and a waterproof layer is influenced, and the construction period is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a freezing system and a construction method of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit based on a freezing method, and solves the problem that underground water easily influences the construction of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a freezing system of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit based on a freezing method comprises freezing pipes arranged in soil bodies on the periphery of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit, wherein a brine circulating pipeline is connected between the freezing pipes, and a brine pump is connected to the brine circulating pipeline; the brine circulating pipeline is connected with a refrigerating unit through a first heat exchanger.
Further, the refrigerating unit comprises a compressor and a refrigerant circulating pipeline connected with the compressor, and the refrigerant circulating pipeline is connected with the first heat exchanger; one of the brine circulating pipeline and the refrigerant circulating pipeline is connected with the tube side of the first heat exchanger, and the other one of the brine circulating pipeline and the refrigerant circulating pipeline is connected with the shell side of the first heat exchanger.
Furthermore, a water-saving valve is arranged on the refrigerant circulating pipeline.
Furthermore, the refrigerating unit also comprises a cooling tower and a cooling water circulation pipeline connected with the cooling tower; the cooling water circulating pipeline is connected with the refrigerant circulating pipeline through a second heat exchanger; one of the cooling water circulation pipeline and the refrigerant circulation pipeline is connected with the tube side of the second heat exchanger, and the other is connected with the shell side of the second heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the upper end of the freezing pipe is provided with an inlet, and the side surface of the freezing pipe is provided with an outlet; and a temperature measurement digital probe for monitoring the actual temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain is arranged in the freezing pipe along the length direction of the freezing pipe.
Furthermore, the inlet and the outlet of the freezing pipe are respectively provided with a valve and a thermometer testing component; and the outer side of the brine circulating pipeline is provided with an insulation board.
Further, the freezing pipes are arranged in an inverted rectangular pyramid outline at the periphery of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit.
A construction method of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit based on a freezing method comprises any one of the freezing systems of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit based on the freezing method, and further comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing freezing holes along the inverted rectangular pyramid outline at the periphery of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit, and arranging freezing pipes in the freezing holes;
s2, connecting the freezing pipe with a brine pump and a freezing unit through a brine circulation pipeline to form the freezing system;
s3, starting the freezing system to form a waterproof freezing curtain on the periphery of the elevator shaft or the sump;
and S4, under the waterproof effect of the waterproof freezing curtain, manually excavating an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped elevator shaft or a sump pit in the pit.
Further, the temperature of frozen salt water in the freezing pipe is-28 ℃ to-30 ℃; the average temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain is-5 to-10 ℃.
Further, the design thickness of the waterproof freezing curtain is not less than 10% of the side length of an opening on the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit and is not less than 15cm; the vertical distance between the inner wall of the waterproof freezing curtain and the pit side wall of the elevator shaft or the sump is not less than 50cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention brings the generated cold energy to a salt water system, the frozen salt water with the cold energy flows into a freezing pipe, and the cold energy is transferred to a soil body through the wall of the freezing pipe, so that water in rock and soil to be excavated is frozen into ice and is glued with the rock and soil to form a waterproof freezing curtain or a closed freezing body with a preset design outline, so as to resist the pressure of water and soil and isolate underground water, and finally, the excavation construction is convenient under the protection of the waterproof freezing curtain; compared with the traditional precipitation method, the construction method has the advantages that the wall is frozen around the elevator shaft or the sump, underground water influencing the construction of the elevator shaft or the sump can be effectively isolated, the construction is safe and reasonable, the stability of a soil body in the pit is good after the frozen wall forms, a good environment is provided for subsequent cushion layer, water prevention, steel bar binding and other constructions, the construction process is accelerated, and the construction period is shortened.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from them by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the freezing system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the freezing tube of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the freezing pipes of the present invention around the elevator shaft or sump;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a construction sequence of the freezing pipe of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a freezing system of an elevator shaft or a sump according to embodiment 1 includes a plurality of freezing pipes 2 disposed in a soil body 12 around the elevator shaft or the sump 1, a brine circulation pipeline 10 connected between the freezing pipes 2, and a refrigerating unit connected to the brine circulation pipeline 10 through a first heat exchanger. The brine circulating pipeline 10 is cooled through the refrigerating unit, brine flows between the freezing pipes 2 through the brine circulating pipeline 10 to continuously take away heat, and the freezing pipes 2 are cooled. The brine circulating pipeline 10 is connected with a brine pump 6 to promote the circulating flow of brine. A brine tank is also connected to the brine circulation pipe 10 for supplying brine to the brine circulation pipe 10. In this embodiment, the upper end of the freezing pipe 2 is provided with a water inlet 6, and the side surface is provided with a water outlet 7; and the freezing pipe 2 is a seamless steel pipe made of No. 20 high-quality carbon structural steel. The frozen saline enters from the water inlet 6 of the freezing pipe 2, and flows into the saline pipe of the freezing system shown in figure 4 through the water outlet 7 after filling the whole freezing pipe, so that the cold energy in the frozen saline is transferred into the soil body through the freezing pipe wall. The invention uses the freezing machine set to bring the generated cold to the salt water system, the frozen salt water with cold flows into the freezing pipe, the cold is transmitted to the soil body through the freezing pipe wall, thereby the water in the rock soil to be excavated is frozen into ice and is cemented with the rock soil to form a water-proof freezing curtain 3 with a preset design outline or a closed freezing body for resisting the pressure of water and soil and isolating the underground water, and finally the excavation construction is carried out under the protection of the water-proof freezing curtain.
Furthermore, the freezing pipes 2 are arranged in an inverted rectangular pyramid outline at the periphery of the elevator shaft or the sump 1, all the freezing pipes are arranged in parallel with a pit side wall 5 of the elevator shaft or the sump 1, and a freezing waterproof curtain 3 in a rectangular pyramid shape is formed outside the elevator shaft or the sump 1. In other embodiments, the freezing pipes 2 may be arranged in other shapes around the elevator shaft or sump 1.
In addition, a valve, a pressure gauge, a temperature measuring instrument testing component and the like are arranged on the brine circulating pipeline 10.
Further, a water saving valve 9 is provided in the refrigerant circulation line 11.
s1, constructing a freezing hole along the inverted rectangular pyramid outline at the periphery of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit 1, and installing a freezing pipe 2 in the freezing hole; drilling a freezing hole by adopting a pipe following drilling technology, using a freezing pipe as a drill rod, connecting the freezing pipe by adopting screw threads and welding to ensure the concentricity and the welding strength of the freezing pipe, and sealing the head part of the freezing pipe after the freezing pipe reaches the designed depth; the distances among all the freezing pipes are determined according to factors such as site hydrogeological conditions, construction period requirements and pit body sizes, the distances are not more than 3 times of the diameters of the freezing pipes, the hole opening error of freezing holes is not more than 100mm, the skewness of the freezing pipes is controlled within 150mm, and the freezing pipes are not prone to skewing towards the pit body; all freezing pipes are arranged in parallel with the side wall of the pit, and a waterproof freezing curtain 3 in a quadrangular pyramid shape is formed outside the elevator shaft or the sump 1;
s2, connecting the freezing pipe 2 with a brine pump 6 and a refrigerating unit through a brine circulating pipeline 10 to form a freezing system; in addition, the brine circulation pipeline 10 is connected with the freezing pipes 2 by high-pressure rubber pipes, and the inlet and the outlet of each group of freezing pipes are respectively provided with a valve and a thermodetector testing component so as to control the flow of brine. The saline water circulating pipelines 10 are welded, and are connected by flanges and provided with rubber soft joints at the positions needing to be adjusted. The brine circulating pipeline 10 is subjected to leakage testing and cleaning and then is insulated by an insulation board, the outer surface of the insulation layer is wrapped by a plastic film, and the thickness of the insulation layer is not less than 50mm;
s3, starting the freezing system, and forming a waterproof freezing curtain 3 at the periphery of the elevator shaft or the sump 1; the design thickness of the waterproof freezing curtain 3 outside the pit is not less than 10% of the side length of the upper opening of the elevator shaft or the sump and not less than 15cm, and the vertical distance from the inner wall 4 of the waterproof freezing curtain to the side wall 5 of the pit is not less than 50cm; b. the freezing pipe 2 outside the pit begins to freeze, and the freezing pipe is combined with the surrounding soil body with certain water content by releasing cold energy to form a freezing single column; c. the freezing fronts of the freezing single columns expand outwards, each freezing single column is gradually coiled, and a waterproof freezing curtain with certain strength and waterproof effect is formed; d. after the waterproof freezing curtain 3 in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid reaches the designed thickness, the subsequent construction of an elevator shaft or a sump can be carried out;
s4, under the waterproof effect of the waterproof freezing curtain 3, manually excavating an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped elevator shaft or a sump 1 in the pit;
and S5, after the sump pit or the elevator shaft 1 and subsequent construction are finished, the freezing pipe 2 stops freezing, the freezing pipe 2 is pulled out, and the freezing system is detached.
Example 6 is different from example 5 in that the temperature of the frozen brine in the freezing pipe 2 is preferably-28 ℃ to-30 ℃. The actual temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain 3 is monitored by a temperature measuring digital probe in the freezing pipe, and the average temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain 3 is required to be-5 to-10 ℃.
Example 7, which is different from example 5 in that the design thickness of the waterproof freezing curtain 3 is not less than 10% of the side length of the opening on the elevator shaft or the sump 1 and not less than 15cm; the vertical distance between the inner wall 4 of the waterproof freezing curtain 3 and the pit side wall 5 of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit 1 is not less than 50cm.
Example 8, which is different from example 7 in that the thickness of the water barrier frozen curtain 3 can be calculated as follows:
(1) calculating the radius of the frozen cylinder:
in the formula: r is 1 Is the inner radius of the freezing pipe, m; r is a radical of hydrogen 2 Is the frozen cylinder radius, m; t is t 1 Loop brine temperature, deg.C; r is the distance between the temperature measuring hole and the freezing pipe, m; t is the temperature of the temperature measuring hole, DEG C.
(2) The thickness calculation formula of the frozen curtain is as follows:
in the formula: e is the thickness of the frozen curtain, m; r is the freezing cylinder radius, m; l is the maximum spacing of the freezing tubes, m.
(2) Calculating the average temperature of the frozen curtain:
the average temperature of the frozen curtain is calculated according to an ice formation formula.
t c ＝t oc +0.25t n
In the formula: t is t oc The average temperature of the frozen curtain is calculated according to a zero boundary line; t is t b The brine temperature, deg.C; t is t c The average temperature of the frozen curtain, DEG C; l is the freezing hole distance, m; e is the thickness of the frozen curtain, m; t is t n Measured point temperature, deg.C.
Example 9, which is different from example 5 in that, as shown in fig. 4, the construction sequence of the freezing pipe ii is as follows: the construction I is freezing pipe construction at the middle position of four edges of the periphery of the sump, the construction II is freezing pipe construction at four corners of the periphery of the sump, the construction III is freezing pipe construction at the middle position on the connecting line of the freezing pipes constructed at the periphery of the sump, and then the freezing pipe construction at the rest position is carried out.
The length and the soil-entering angle of the freezing pipes at the periphery are predetermined so that the side wall of the finally formed waterproof freezing curtain 3 is parallel to the side wall of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A freezing system of elevator shaft or sump pit based on freezing method, characterized by: the device comprises freezing pipes (2) arranged in soil bodies (12) at the periphery of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit (1), wherein a brine circulating pipeline (10) is connected between the freezing pipes (2), and a brine pump (6) is connected to the brine circulating pipeline (10); the brine circulating pipeline (10) is connected with a refrigerating unit through a first heat exchanger.
2. The freeze system for a freeze-based elevator shaft or sump according to claim 1 wherein: the refrigerating unit comprises a compressor (7) and a refrigerant circulating pipeline (11) connected with the compressor (7), wherein the refrigerant circulating pipeline (11) is connected with a first heat exchanger; one of the brine circulating pipeline (10) and the refrigerant circulating pipeline (11) is connected with the tube side of the first heat exchanger, and the other one is connected with the shell side of the first heat exchanger.
3. A freezing system for an elevator shaft or a sump based on the freezing method according to claim 2, wherein: and a water-saving valve (9) is arranged on the refrigerant circulating pipeline (11).
4. A freezing system of an elevator shaft or a sump based on the freezing method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the refrigerating unit also comprises a cooling tower (8) and a cooling water circulation pipeline connected with the cooling tower (8); the cooling water circulating pipeline is connected with a refrigerant circulating pipeline (11) through a second heat exchanger; one of the cooling water circulation pipeline and the refrigerant circulation pipeline (11) is connected with the tube side of the second heat exchanger, and the other one of the cooling water circulation pipeline and the refrigerant circulation pipeline is connected with the shell side of the second heat exchanger.
5. The freeze-based elevator shaft or sump freezing system of claim 4 wherein: the upper end of the freezing pipe (2) is provided with a water inlet (6), and the side surface of the freezing pipe is provided with a water outlet (7); a temperature measurement digital probe used for monitoring the actual temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain (3) is arranged in the freezing pipe (2) along the length direction of the freezing pipe (2).
6. The freeze system for a freeze-based elevator shaft or sump according to claim 5, wherein: a water inlet (6) and a water outlet (7) of the freezing pipe (2) are respectively provided with a valve and a thermodetector testing component; and the outer side of the brine circulating pipeline (10) is provided with an insulation board.
7. The freezing system of an elevator shaft or a sump according to any of claims 1 to 3 or 5 or 6, wherein: the freezing pipes (2) are arranged at the periphery of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit (1) in an inverted rectangular pyramid profile.
8. A construction method of an elevator shaft or a water collecting pit based on a freezing method, which is characterized by comprising the freezing system of the elevator shaft or the water collecting pit based on the freezing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and further comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing freezing holes along the inverted rectangular pyramid outline at the periphery of an elevator shaft or a sump 1, and arranging freezing pipes (2) in the freezing holes;
s2, connecting the freezing pipe (2) with a brine pump (6) and a refrigerating unit through a brine circulating pipeline (10) to form a freezing system;
s3, opening the freezing system, and forming a waterproof freezing curtain (3) at the periphery of the elevator shaft or the sump (1);
and S4, under the waterproof effect of the waterproof freezing curtain (3), manually excavating the inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped elevator shaft or the sump (1) in the pit.
9. The construction method of elevator shaft or water collecting pit based on freezing method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the temperature of the frozen brine in the freezing pipe (2) is-28 ℃ to-30 ℃; the average temperature of the waterproof freezing curtain (3) is-5 to-10 ℃.
10. The construction method of elevator shaft or sump based on freezing method according to claim 8, characterized in that the design thickness of the water-proof freezing curtain (3) is not less than 10% of the side length of the upper opening of the elevator shaft or sump (1) and not less than 15cm; the vertical distance between the inner wall (4) of the waterproof freezing curtain (3) and the pit side wall (5) of the elevator shaft or the sump (1) is not less than 50cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211306754.0A CN115522531A (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | Freezing system and construction method of elevator shaft or sump based on freezing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211306754.0A CN115522531A (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | Freezing system and construction method of elevator shaft or sump based on freezing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116464086A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-21 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Building foundation pit construction equipment and building foundation pit construction method |
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2022
- 2022-10-24 CN CN202211306754.0A patent/CN115522531A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116464086A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-21 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Building foundation pit construction equipment and building foundation pit construction method |
| CN116464086B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-10-20 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Building foundation pit construction equipment and building foundation pit construction method |
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