CN115522134B - Wear-resistant cladding layer for guide sliding shoes of coal mining machine and preparation method of wear-resistant cladding layer - Google Patents
Wear-resistant cladding layer for guide sliding shoes of coal mining machine and preparation method of wear-resistant cladding layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115522134B CN115522134B CN202211303566.2A CN202211303566A CN115522134B CN 115522134 B CN115522134 B CN 115522134B CN 202211303566 A CN202211303566 A CN 202211303566A CN 115522134 B CN115522134 B CN 115522134B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant cladding layer for a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe in an arc additive manufacturing mode, and the used additive wires comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05 to 0.2 percent of C, 0.6 to 1.5 percent of Si, 13 to 20 percent of Mn, 6 to 8 percent of Cr, 0< B <0.1 percent and the balance of Fe. The preparation method of the wear-resistant cladding layer comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing raw materials of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the element mass ratio, mixing, and preparing uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire; (2) And carrying out cladding on the surface of the pretreated guide sliding shoe by adopting MAG arc additive manufacturing to obtain the wear-resistant cladding layer. According to the method, the wear-resistant cladding layers can be prepared on the surfaces of the guide sliding shoes before and after service, pretreatment such as preheating and preparation of a priming layer is not needed, the prepared cladding layers are good in formability and wear resistance, and the wear resistance of the guide sliding shoes is effectively improved as the guide sliding shoes are harder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface engineering and material preparation, in particular to a wear-resistant cladding layer for a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The coal mining machine is key supporting equipment for coal mining, a traction part motor of the coal mining machine transmits power to a driving wheel through a speed reducer, the driving wheel transmits the power to a driven wheel through an idler wheel, and the walking wheel is meshed with a pin rail. The guide sliding shoes, the driven teeth and the travelling wheels are important parts of a main power transmission system of the coal mining machine, and the guide sliding shoes not only can adjust the meshing center distance between the travelling wheels and the pin row, but also have a guide effect to promote the coal mining machine to advance along the pin row track.
When the coal mining machine is in uninterrupted operation, the guide surfaces of the guide shoes are in surface contact with the pin rows, and are in a sliding dry friction state, and the wear-resisting state of the guide shoes is further deteriorated by heat generated by two metals in the friction process. In the service process of the guide sliding shoes, if the guide surfaces are severely worn, the width of the guide grooves is increased, so that the section of the travelling wheels is interfered with the parallel plates of the pin rows in the advancing process of the coal mining machine, the travelling wheel tooth breakage accidents are easy to occur, and even the guide sliding shoes are torn. The guide sliding shoes are severely worn, the height dimension of the guide sliding shoes is increased, the meshing center distance between the travelling wheels and the pin rows is changed, and the travelling wheels can climb above the guide rails, press the guide rails and even derail. From the analysis, the guide shoe has extremely high requirement on wear resistance, and excellent wear resistance is a material basis for ensuring safe use of the coal mining machine. Due to severe underground conditions and extremely complex disassembly and assembly of the guide sliding shoes, the guide sliding shoes cannot be maintained in time after being damaged, and the replacement cost is high. The coal mining efficiency is further reduced in the replacement period, and huge economic loss is brought to coal mine generation.
Therefore, the wear resistance of the surface of the guide sliding shoe is improved, the guide sliding shoe is manufactured and reused, the production cost can be obviously reduced, and considerable economic benefits are obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a wear-resistant cladding layer for a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a wear-resistant cladding layer for a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, which is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe in an arc additive manufacturing mode; the additive wire used for arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05 to 0.2 percent of C, 0.6 to 1.5 percent of Si, 13 to 20 percent of Mn, 6 to 8 percent of Cr, 0< B <0.1 percent and the balance of Fe.
According to the invention, carbon element is added into the wear-resistant cladding layer to promote carbide formation in the steel matrix, and the austenite phase region is enlarged while stabilizing austenite; if the carbon content is too low, toughness may be increased but abrasion resistance is poor; if the carbon content is too high, the hardenability increases due to an increase in the carbon content, and thermal cracks are easily formed, thereby deteriorating the bonding property with the matrix. According to the invention, through thermodynamic calculation and physical property analysis of the material, the added carbon content can form carbide to improve the austenite stability, and meanwhile, the occurrence of hot cracks is prevented, and the carbon content is controlled to be 0.05% -0.2%.
Silicon is an important reducing agent and deoxidizing agent, and a certain amount of Si is contained in the wire so as to remove oxygen in the additive manufacturing process and avoid the defects of forming air holes and the like; in addition, si is soluble in ferrite and austenite, and the strength and hardness are remarkably improved. On the other hand, when the Si content exceeds 3%, the plasticity and toughness in the cladding layer drastically decrease, and therefore the Si content needs to be controlled to a proper range, for example, 0.6% to 1.5%.
Manganese is an important stable austenite element, and when the Mn content is less than 2%, the high-temperature strength and toughness can be increased; for high alloy steel with higher Mn content, the toughness and plasticity of the high alloy steel are reduced along with the increase of the strength of the material, and the higher Mn content can improve the wear resistance of the cladding layer. Mn is an economic and cheap element, and a metastable austenite structure is formed by adding a large amount of Mn element, and in the subsequent abrasion process, deformation is performed to induce martensite phase transformation, so that the martensite has good abrasion resistance, and the self-enhancement of abrasion performance is realized. The manganese content is controlled to be 13-20% through thermodynamic calculation and stacking fault energy calculation, and the prepared cladding layer has good wear resistance.
Chromium can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the surface cladding metal, has better affinity with the C element, can form stable carbide, has excellent wear resistance, and can improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cladding layer. However, when the Cr element content is too high, the plasticity is low, which is unfavorable for the thermal fatigue performance, and the addition of a large amount of Cr element increases the cost. The invention controls the Cr content in the wire material in a proper range, such as 6-8%, by comprehensively considering the wear resistance, the toughness and the economic factors.
The high-temperature hardness of the boron element is high, so that the high-temperature wear resistance is facilitated, and the wear resistance can be effectively improved by the synergistic addition of the B element and the C element; however, if the B content is too high, the cold and hot crack resistance is not good, and therefore, the Si content in the wire needs to be controlled to a proper range, for example, 0< B <0.1%.
Further, the additive wire used in the arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% -0.2% of C, 1% -1.5% of Si, 18% -20% of Mn, 6% -8% of Cr, 0.05% < B <0.1% and the balance of Fe.
Further, the arc additive manufacturing mode is that a melting active gas protects an arc, and the protection gas is mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 4:1.
Further, the matrix structure of the guide shoe comprises carbide.
Further, the matrix structure of the guide shoe comprises carbide and austenite.
Further, the guide shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi.
Further, the guide sliding shoes are unused guide sliding shoes or guide sliding shoes with serious abrasion after service.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing the wear-resistant cladding layer in the first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing raw materials of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of each component of the wire, mixing, and preparing uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cladding the material-increasing wire material prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the pretreated guide sliding shoe by utilizing an electric arc material-increasing manufacturing mode to obtain a wear-resistant cladding layer; the matrix structure of the guide shoe comprises carbide.
Further, in the step (2), the preprocessing is performed at a specific position: and cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using an organic solvent to remove oil stains on the surface.
Further, the technological parameters of the arc additive manufacturing are as follows: the current is 300-310A, the voltage is 28-30V, and the moving speed of the welding gun is 0.8-1 m/min.
Further, the arc reciprocating turning-back mode is adopted for 3-5 times of additive manufacturing.
Further, the thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer is 6 mm-10 mm.
Further, the preparation method further comprises the following steps: and (3) machining the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe to remove the surplus surface, and using the wear-resistant cladding layer after self-hardening of the surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in order to improve the wear resistance of a wear-resistant cladding layer of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, a novel alloy wire is designed by combining theoretical calculation and experiments, a large amount of manganese elements are introduced to enlarge an austenite interval, stable metastable austenite is further formed in the cladding layer, and high-hardness martensite can be formed based on a deformation-induced martensite phase transformation mechanism in the subsequent machining process so as to further improve the wear resistance; meanwhile, the alloy wire contains carbon element and chromium element, which can form carbide and be embedded into high-toughness austenite, so that the wear resistance of the cladding layer can be improved; in addition, a proper amount of boron element is added into the wire, and the lattice distortion energy can be changed through the synergistic effect of the boron element and the carbon element, so that the wear resistance of the cladding layer is improved. According to the invention, the austenite deformation induces the martensitic transformation and the introduction of carbide and the synergistic effect of boron and carbon are adopted, so that the wear resistance of a cladding layer prepared from the alloy wire is effectively improved.
2. According to the alloy wire prepared by the design, the cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe in an arc additive manufacturing mode, preheating and pre-operation for preparing a priming layer to improve surface formability are not needed in the manufacturing process, the alloy wire can be directly prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe after oil stains are removed and not used or worn, the manufacturing process is simple, smoke dust is less, safety and environmental friendliness are achieved, the surface formability of the prepared cladding layer is good, and the bonding force between the cladding layer and the surface of the guide sliding shoe is strong; particularly, for the conductive sliding shoe with the matrix structure of austenite and carbide, the interface structure of the austenite and the carbide is good, and the crack-stopping capability of the austenite is strong, so that cracks in the welding process can be effectively eliminated.
3. The cladding layer prepared by adopting the alloy wire has metastable austenite, and can induce the transformation from austenite to martensite in the abrasion process or under the high impact stress of a coal mining machine, so that the abrasion resistance of the cladding layer is continuously and self-enhanced, and the effect of harder grinding is generated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the surface of a clad layer prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the worn surface morphology of the cladding layer prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the cladding layer prepared in example 1 after abrasion;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the hardness of the cladding layer prepared in example 1 as a function of wear time.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention and practice it.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.07% of C, 0.6% of Si, 13% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.02% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of the components of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current is 300A, the voltage is 28V, the speed is 0.8m/min, and the protective gas component is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 15L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from the figure, the prepared wear-resistant cladding layer has good surface formability, and no obvious cracks are observed;
the wear resistance of the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example was tested, and a frictional wear testing machine was used to simulate an in-service wear test, and the final wear rate was 1.7x10 according to the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The surface morphology of the cladding layer after abrasion is shown in fig. 2, the formed abrasion mark is narrow, no obvious abrasive dust is observed (fig. 3), and the abrasion-resistant cladding layer prepared by the invention has good abrasion resistance.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of C, 0.7% of Si, 15% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.03% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of the components of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: current 305A, voltage 28V, speed 0.8m/min, shielding gas composition 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 16L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The wear resistance of the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example was tested, and a frictional wear testing machine was used to simulate an in-service wear test, and the final wear rate was 1.6x10 according to the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Example 3
The embodiment relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12% of C, 0.9% of Si, 17% of Mn, 7% of Cr, 0.05% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of the components of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Make the following stepsCleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current is 300A, the voltage is 30V, the speed is 1m/min, and the protective gas component is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 18L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The wear resistance of the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example was tested, and a frictional wear testing machine was used to simulate an in-service wear test, and the final wear rate was 1.5×10 as measured by the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Example 4
The embodiment relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe after wear in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15% of C, 1% of Si, 18% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.08% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of the components of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current is 300A, the voltage is 30V, the speed is 1m/min, and the protective gas component is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 20L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example was tested using a friction millThe loss experiment machine simulates the service wear experiment, and the final wear rate is 1.2 x 10 according to the weight loss method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Example 5
The embodiment relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe after wear in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.19% of C, 1% of Si, 19% of Mn, 8% of Cr, 0.08% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of the components of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: current 310A, voltage 30V, speed 0.8m/min, shielding gas composition 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 20L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The wear resistance of the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this example was tested, and a frictional wear testing machine was used to simulate an in-service wear test, and the final wear rate was 1.1×10 as measured by the weightlessness method -4 ·N -1 mm -1 。
Comparative example 1
The comparative example relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c1%, si 1%, mn 5%, B0.08%, the balance being Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing each carbon, silicon, manganese, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of each component of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current is 320A, the voltage is 30V, the speed is 2m/min, and the shielding gas component is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 20L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant cladding layer prepared in this comparative example was tested, the abrasion test of service wear was simulated using a frictional wear tester, and the final wear rate was 2.5×10 as measured by the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Comparative example 2
The comparative example relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c5%, si 1%, mn 2%, cr 15%, the balance Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing each carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium and iron powder according to the mass ratio of each component of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current is 320A, the voltage is 30V, the speed is 2m/min, and the shielding gas component is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 15L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant cladding layer prepared in this comparative example was tested, the abrasion test in service was simulated using a frictional abrasion tester, and the final abrasion rate was 2.2x10 as determined by the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Comparative example 3
The comparative example relates to preparation of a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, wherein the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe which is not put into use in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and an additive wire used in the electric arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04% of C, 1% of Si, 25% of Mn, 0.08% of B and the balance of Fe; the guide sliding shoe is made of ZG35CrMnSi; the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing each carbon, silicon, manganese, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of each component of the wire, and preparing the uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using acetone to remove surface oil stains, and performing additive manufacturing on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a MAG welding machine; the technological parameters are as follows: the current 310A, the voltage 35V and the speed 2m/min, the protective gas composition is 80% Ar+20% CO 2 The gas flow is 20L/min, the movement track of the arc in the additive manufacturing process is a fold line, and the process is completed through 3 passes, so that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared;
(3) And processing the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using a machine tool to remove the residual height.
The abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant cladding layer prepared in this comparative example was tested, the abrasion test in service was simulated using a frictional abrasion tester, and the final abrasion rate was 3×10 as measured by the weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: the comparative example uses a conventional DG09 welding wire to prepare a cladding layer on the surface of a guide shoe that is not put into use, and the other conditions are the same. Comparative example SystemThe wear resistance of the prepared wear-resistant cladding layer is tested, a frictional wear testing machine is used for simulating a service wear test, and the final wear rate is measured to be 4 x 10 according to a weightlessness method -4 N -1 ·mm -1 。
The wear resistance of the cladding layers prepared using different welding wires in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 wear Rate of cladding layers made with different welding wires
| Sample of | Welding wire composition | Wear rate (N) -1 ·mm -1 ) |
| Example 1 | 0.07% of C, 0.6% of Si, 13% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.02% of B and the balance of Fe | 1.7*10 -4 |
| Example 2 | 0.1% of C, 0.7% of Si, 15% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.03% of B and the balance of Fe | 1.6*10 -4 |
| Example 3 | 0.1% of C, 0.7% of Si, 15% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.03% of B and the balance of Fe | 1.5*10 -4 |
| Example 4 | 0.15% of C, 1% of Si, 18% of Mn, 6% of Cr, 0.08% of B and the balance of Fe | 1.2*10-4 |
| Example 5 | 0.19% of C, 1% of Si, 19% of Mn, 8% of Cr, 0.08% of B, and the balance of Fe | 1.1*10 -4 |
| Comparative example 1 | C1%, si 1%, mn 5%, B0.08%, the balance being Fe | 2.5*10 -4 |
| Comparative example 2 | C5%, si 1%, mn 2%, cr 15%, the balance being Fe | 2.2*10 -4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.04% of C, 1% of Si, 25% of Mn, 0.08% of B and the balance of Fe | 3*10 -4 |
| Comparative example 4 | DG09 welding wire | 4*10 -4 |
As can be seen from the wear rate test data in Table 1, the wear rate of the cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe by adopting the alloy wire material disclosed by the invention in an arc additive manufacturing mode is obviously reduced, namely the wear resistance is improved by more than one time compared with the cladding layer prepared by using the conventional DG 09; reducing the composition or reducing the content of the Mn composition is effective in reducing the wear resistance of the cladding layer.
In addition, taking the cladding layer prepared in example 1 as an example, the present invention adopts a force of 30N to carry out a reciprocating friction and wear test on the surface thereof, and uses a KB30S full-automatic microhardness tester to test the hardness of the cladding layer at different friction times. As shown in FIG. 4, the hardness of the surface of the cladding layer increased with the increase of the friction time and gradually approached to a plateau, and after 1h of friction, the hardness value was as high as 75HRC.
According to the test results, the alloy wire material prepared by adopting the design of the invention is used for preparing the cladding layer on the surface of the guide sliding shoe in an arc additive manufacturing mode, so that the wear resistance of the surface of the guide sliding shoe can be effectively improved, the wear resistance of the cladding layer can be continuously and self-enhanced in the wear process, and the wear resistance of the guide sliding shoe is further improved.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The wear-resistant cladding layer for the guide sliding shoe of the coal mining machine is characterized in that the wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe in an arc additive manufacturing mode; the additive wire used for arc additive manufacturing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% -0.2% of C, 1% -1.5% of Si, 18% -20% of Mn, 6% -8% of Cr, 0.05% < B <0.1% and the balance of Fe; the matrix structure of the guide shoe comprises carbide and austenite.
2. The wear-resistant cladding layer for a guide shoe of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, wherein the arc additive manufacturing mode is that a melting active gas protects an arc, and the protection gas is a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 4:1.
3. The wear resistant cladding for a shearer guide shoe of claim 1, wherein the guide shoe is ZG35CrMnSi.
4. A method for producing the wear-resistant cladding layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) Weighing raw materials of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, boron and iron powder according to the mass ratio of each component of the wire, mixing, and preparing uniformly mixed powder by a wire forming machine to obtain an additive wire;
(2) Cladding the material-increasing wire material prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the pretreated guide sliding shoe by utilizing an electric arc material-increasing manufacturing mode to obtain a wear-resistant cladding layer; the matrix structure of the guide shoe comprises carbide and austenite.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the pretreatment is specifically: and cleaning the surface of the guide sliding shoe by using an organic solvent to remove oil stains on the surface.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (2), the process parameters of the arc additive manufacturing are: the current is 300-310A, the voltage is 28-30V, and the moving speed of the welding gun is 0.8-1 m/min.
7. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein the arc is reciprocally turned back for 3-5 passes of additive manufacturing; the thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer is 6 mm-10 mm.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, further comprising: and (3) machining the wear-resistant cladding layer prepared on the surface of the guide sliding shoe to remove the surplus surface, and using the wear-resistant cladding layer after self-hardening of the surface.
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