CN115521024A - Algae sludge online mechanical drying and residual water purification system and method - Google Patents
Algae sludge online mechanical drying and residual water purification system and method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line mechanical drying and residual water purification system and method for algae sludge, which have the advantages of strong pertinence in decontamination, comprehensive purification, low treatment cost and stable tail water discharge; according to different water pollution degrees, different residual water deep purification process paths are selected, and meanwhile, the process has certain heavy metal removal capacity, wide treatment coverage and low cost. The whole water treatment process is subdivided into a first-stage physicochemical system, a second-stage biochemical system and a third-stage purification system, and algae water and dredging mud are subjected to purification treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water body endogenous pollution treatment, in particular to an on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying system and method for algae sludge.
Background
The blue algae fishing and the sediment ecological dredging aiming at reducing the load of the endogenous pollution are considered as one of engineering technical measures with obvious effect of controlling the endogenous pollution, are widely applied to water environment treatment projects in various places in recent years, and the comprehensive development of the blue algae fishing and dredging projects leads to the transfer of a large amount of pollutants from underwater to shore in a short time, so that the targeted reduction treatment of algae water and mud under the environmental stress becomes one of the key problems to be solved urgently for the water environment treatment projects.
At present, the methods for treating algae water and dredging mud in the industry have the following defects:
the processing capacity is small, and large-batch algae mud and dredging mud are difficult to process in time;
fine-grained sludge particles in the dredged sludge can be resuspended under hydrodynamic conditions, so that the content of water suspended matters in the treatment station is high;
the treated tail water is easy to cause pollution transfer;
actual construction is difficult to guide by lab scale data;
continuous full load operation, large power consumption and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides an algae sludge on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying system and method with a reasonable structure, so that the instant treatment requirements of blue algae and dredging mud are met simultaneously.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying method for algae sludge comprises the following steps:
primary physicochemical treatment, slurry mechanical dehydration and residual water purification;
the algae water and the slurry entering the station enter a mechanical separation deslagging system, primarily vibrating and screening impurities under the synergistic action of exciting force and gravity, and feeding the residual algae water and the slurry obtained after vibrating and screening into a primary physicochemical treatment system to complete primary solid-liquid separation; and (3) carrying out secondary biochemical or tertiary purification treatment on the separated supernatant according to the pollution degree, then discharging, allowing the material separated by the primary physicochemical treatment system to enter a mechanical dehydration system to complete dehydration, temporarily stacking the formed algae and mud cakes, waiting for subsequent treatment, and allowing the separated residual water to enter a secondary biochemical system and a tertiary purification system to complete purification and then discharging.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the first-stage materialization process specifically comprises the following stages:
mechanical separation deslagging:
the algae water and the mud entering the station enter a mechanical sorting deslagging system, impurities are primarily screened by vibration under the action of gravity, and the residual algae water and the mud obtained after screening by vibration enter a primary physicochemical treatment system;
a strengthening treatment stage:
common processing mode: algae water and slurry flow into a precipitation block of the thickening tank through a water distribution pipe, particles of algae water and slurry mixture are subjected to an electrical neutralization effect under the action of a coagulation medium in the precipitation block, the absorption of slurry components and the formation of a copolymer with a specific gravity larger than that of water by bridge blue-green algae cells are accelerated, and the copolymer is settled at the bottom of the thickening tank after the volume of the copolymer is increased under continuous collision;
the fine particles which are easy to resuspend are captured by the sedimentary well in the flowing process;
the pollutant particles with the minimum particle size enter a floating block of the thickening tank, and are combined with algae water and fine particles through a water-gas mixture generated by the dissolved air releaser under the action of a coagulation medium to form a polymer with the density less than that of water, and the polymer floats on the water surface and is collected;
a classification collection mode: the mud is conveyed to a sedimentation block of the thickening tank for sedimentation; the algae water is conveyed to a floating block of the thickening area for thickening and reducing treatment.
The mechanical dehydration process of the slurry comprises the following steps:
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the thickening tank:
algae water and slurry deposited in a sedimentation block and a sedimentation well of the thickening tank are input into a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system, the dehydration performance of the algae sludge slurry is improved by adding medicine, and the improved algae sludge slurry is conveyed to a plate frame dehydration unit through a feeding system to be dehydrated and filter-pressed; clear water in the slurry bypass line prefabricating system overflows into a tail water adjusting tank;
collecting the algae residue in the floating area of the thickening tank to a conditioning tank, and after the algae residue is balanced in concentration in the conditioning tank, feeding the algae residue into a belt filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the secondary sedimentation tank:
conveying the activated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank connected with the fluidized tank to a conditioning tank, and after the activated sludge is balanced in concentration in the conditioning tank, feeding the activated sludge into a belt type filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) tail mud collection stage:
and temporarily stacking the tail mud obtained by dewatering and filter pressing for subsequent treatment, and allowing the obtained residual water to enter a tail water regulating tank to balance the water quality and the water quantity.
The secondary biochemical process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) tail water adjusting tank treatment stage:
filtered water which does not reach the standard after being treated by the rapid filter tank enters a tail water adjusting tank together with effluent of a slurry side line modification prefabrication system and effluent of mechanical dewatering equipment, water quality and water quantity are balanced in the tank,
and a tank A treatment stage:
the effluent of the tail water regulating tank enters a tank A for treatment, degradable organic matters in the water are used as an electron donor, nitrate is used as an electron acceptor, and nitrate nitrogen is reduced into N2 to be released by using denitrifying bacteria cultured in the tank, so that the purposes of denitrification and COD reduction are achieved;
a contact fluidization pool treatment stage:
the effluent of the tank A enters a contact fluidization tank for treatment, the suspended biofilm carriers are in a uniform fluidization state in the whole tank in the aeration process in the tank, nitrobacteria are attached to the suspended biofilm carriers, oxygen is used as a final electron acceptor in the fluidization state, and NH4 is added + By oxidation to NO 3 - And one part of the effluent from the contact fluidization tank is used as nitrified liquid and flows back to the tank A to complete further denitrification, and the other part of the effluent enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
The residual water purification process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) a filtering stage:
the effluent of the primary physicochemical treatment system enters a rapid filter tank for filtering, if the filtered effluent reaches the standard, the filtered effluent enters an ecological purification tank, and backwash water of the rapid filter tank returns to a floating block of a dense tank;
and (3) filtration stage of percolation dam:
collecting the activated sludge deposited in the secondary sedimentation tank to a sludge treatment system for treatment, and filtering the effluent through a percolation dam and then feeding the effluent into an ecological purification tank;
and (3) ecological purification tank treatment stage:
the dissolved oxygen and transparency of tail water are improved through photosynthesis and root adsorption of submerged plants.
And submerged stirrers are arranged in the tank A at intervals and used for pushing the denitrifying bacteria to move in the tank so as to contact more nutrient salt substances.
The dehydration process of the plate-and-frame dehydrator is as follows:
during early feeding, a slurry pump and a plunger pump set are combined into a single set of feeding system to feed the plate frame dehydrator; an electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the feeding system and the plate frame squeezing water outlet main pipe to collect and monitor the flow of feeding water and the flow of water outlet;
when the water outlet flow reaches the maximum value and is gradually reduced to the maximum flow of the slurry pump, closing the plunger pump, and independently feeding by using the slurry pump;
when the water outlet flow is smaller than the rated flow of the plunger pump, the plunger pump is started to stably operate, then the slurry pump is closed, the pressure of the plunger pump is increased, and the mud cake is dried.
The effective depth of the sediment well is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the thickening pond provided with the sediment well is more than 40m.
An algae sludge on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying system used by an algae sludge on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying method comprises the following steps:
a mechanical sorting and deslagging system is arranged on the machine,
the water outlet direction of the mechanical sorting deslagging system is connected with a thickening tank, and the thickening tank is divided into: a settling block and a floating block; a sediment well is arranged at the tail end of the sediment block of the thickening tank,
a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system is connected to the precipitation block of the thickening tank and the discharge direction of the precipitation well, and a tail water adjusting tank is connected to the water outlet direction of the slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system;
the discharging direction of the floating block of the thickening tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharging direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water regulating tank;
the water outlet direction of the floating block of the dense pool is connected to the fast filter pool, the back washing water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the floating block of the dense pool, the filtering water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the tail water adjusting pool/the ecological purifying pool, the outlet water of the ecological purifying pool is discharged to the external environment,
the water outlet direction of the tail water adjusting tank is sequentially connected with: the A pool, the contact fluidization pool, the secondary sedimentation pool and the ecological purification pool;
the discharge direction of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharge direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water adjusting tank.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme:
the slurry side line modification prefabrication system adopts a conical tank body, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the center of the tank body, and a flocculating agent is added to assist sedimentation when algae water and slurry enter the tank body; a baffle is arranged in the slurry side line modification prefabrication system, and algae water and slurry in the water inlet pipe flow through the baffle and fall into the tank bottom.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the joint collection and the classified collection of algae water and dredging mud according to the requirements, effectively improve the pollutant collection efficiency, and solve the problems of insufficient hydraulic retention time, overhigh suspended matters of discharged water and the like caused by insufficient construction land.
The algae water treatment and the emergency dredging can realize the collection and treatment of algae and silt together in the period of time, and in the process, the coagulation medium is utilized to promote the algae water and silt particles to form a copolymer which gradually grows up and sinks to be enriched at the bottom of a sedimentation block of a thickening tank. In the invention, in classification and collection, the respective characteristics of silt and algae are utilized to carry out dense collection in a sedimentation block and a floating block respectively; the specific gravity difference of the algae and the silt mixture is shared, and the problem that silt particles and blue algae cannot be collected simultaneously due to the specific gravity characteristic is solved.
According to the invention, the sediment well is arranged in the water flow direction of the sediment block of the material collection pool and at the bottom of the tail end of the sediment block, so that the local super depth is increased, the fine silt particles falling into the well or the tank are promoted to lose hydrodynamic force conditions, and are gradually enriched in the well and slowly compacted under the action of gravity, and the pollution enrichment efficiency is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the floating block of the thickening tank can further perform flotation collection on sludge fine particles which are not effectively precipitated due to insufficient retention time and blue algae in the previous precipitation block process, so that the water body is further clarified.
The invention utilizes the slurry bypass line modification prefabrication method to provide a buffer area for the change of slurry properties, concentration and flow, and provides a space for instant adjustment, so that the grading distribution and the dehydration performance of algae and silt particle sizes are fully optimized before entering the mechanical dehydration equipment, thereby improving the stability of the mechanical dehydration process.
The invention optimizes the plate frame feeding mode, reduces the treatment cost and improves the treatment efficiency; in the earlier stage of feeding, accelerate the filling time of filter chamber, coordinate the unbalanced relation of feed pump consumption and filtration flow in feeding middle and later stages to improve the later stage and squeeze pressure, match under the sheet frame dewatering system filtration flow gradient change, the best configuration and the compound mode of feed pump. The system adopts single feed system to match the work of multiple plate frames, and the single feed system consists of a slurry pump and a plunger pump, and the filling time of a filter chamber in the early stage of feeding is shortened, the feed flow in the middle and later stages of feeding is reduced, and the filtering pressure is increased by utilizing the large flow of the slurry pump and the low power consumption and high pressure of the plunger pump. Effectively shorten the full cycle operating time of sheet frame, improve sheet frame and squeeze efficiency, improve the mud cake and contain solid rate, reduce the equipment consumption, practice thrift the cost. The two pumps are combined into a whole set, so that the shutdown phenomenon caused by replacement of easily damaged parts of the pump body can be effectively avoided, and the operation stability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water in this embodiment includes the following steps:
primary physicochemical treatment, slurry mechanical dehydration and residual water purification;
the algae water and the slurry entering the station enter a mechanical separation deslagging system, primarily vibrating and screening impurities under the synergistic action of exciting force and gravity, and feeding the residual algae water and the slurry obtained after vibrating and screening into a primary physicochemical treatment system to complete primary solid-liquid separation; and (3) carrying out secondary biochemical or tertiary purification treatment on the separated supernatant according to the pollution degree, then discharging, allowing the material separated by the primary physicochemical treatment system to enter a mechanical dehydration system to be dehydrated, temporarily stacking the formed algae and mud cakes, waiting for subsequent treatment, allowing the separated residual water to enter a secondary biochemical system and a tertiary purification system to be purified, and then discharging.
The first-stage materialization process specifically comprises the following stages:
mechanical separation deslagging:
the algae water and the mud entering the station enter a mechanical sorting deslagging system, impurities are primarily screened by vibration under the action of gravity, and the residual algae water and the mud obtained after screening by vibration enter a primary physicochemical treatment system;
a strengthening treatment stage:
common processing mode: algae water and slurry flow into a precipitation block of the thickening tank through a water distribution pipe, particles of algae water and slurry mixture are subjected to an electrical neutralization effect under the action of a coagulation medium in the precipitation block, the absorption of slurry components and the formation of a copolymer with a specific gravity larger than that of water by bridge blue-green algae cells are accelerated, and the copolymer is settled at the bottom of the thickening tank after the volume of the copolymer is increased under continuous collision;
the fine particles which are easy to resuspend are captured by the sedimentary well in the flowing process;
the pollutant particles with the minimum particle size enter a floating block of the thickening tank, and are combined with algae water and fine particles through a water-gas mixture generated by the dissolved air releaser under the action of a coagulation medium to form a polymer with the density less than that of water, and the polymer floats on the water surface and is collected;
and (3) a classification collection mode: the mud is conveyed to a sedimentation block of the thickening tank for sedimentation; the algae water is conveyed to the floating block of the thickening area for thickening and reducing treatment.
The mechanical slurry dewatering process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the thickening tank:
algae water and slurry deposited in a deposition block and a deposition well of the thickening tank are input into a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system, the dehydration performance of the algae sludge slurry is improved by adding drugs, and the improved algae sludge slurry is conveyed to a plate frame dehydration unit through a feeding system to be dehydrated and filter-pressed; clear water in the slurry bypass line prefabrication system overflows into a tail water adjusting tank;
collecting the algae residue in the floating area of the thickening tank to a conditioning tank, and after the algae residue is balanced in concentration in the conditioning tank, feeding the algae residue into a belt filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the secondary sedimentation tank:
the activated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank connected with the fluidized tank is conveyed to a conditioning tank, and after the concentration of the activated sludge is balanced in the conditioning tank, the activated sludge enters a belt filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) tail mud collection stage:
and temporarily stacking the tail mud obtained by dewatering and filter pressing for later treatment, and allowing the obtained residual water to enter a tail water regulating tank to balance the water quality and the water quantity.
The secondary biochemical process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) treating the tail water regulating tank:
filtered water which does not reach the standard after being treated by the rapid filter tank enters a tail water adjusting tank together with effluent of a slurry side line modification prefabrication system and effluent of mechanical dewatering equipment, water quality and water quantity are balanced in the tank,
and a tank A treatment stage:
the effluent of the tail water regulating tank enters a tank A for treatment, degradable organic matters in the water are used as electron donors by using denitrifying bacteria cultured in the tank, nitrate is used as an electron acceptor, nitrate nitrogen is reduced into N2 to be released, and the purposes of denitrification and COD reduction are achieved;
a contact fluidization pool treatment stage:
the effluent of the tank A enters a contact fluidization tank for treatment, the suspended biofilm carriers are in a uniform fluidization state in the whole tank in the aeration process in the tank, nitrifying bacteria are attached to the suspended biofilm carriers, oxygen is used as a final electron acceptor in the fluidization state, and NH4 is added + By oxidation to NO 3 - And one part of the effluent from the contact fluidization tank is used as nitrified liquid and flows back to the tank A to complete further denitrification, and the other part of the effluent enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
The residual water purification process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) a filtering stage:
the effluent of the primary physicochemical treatment system enters a rapid filter tank for filtering, if the filtered effluent reaches the standard, the filtered effluent enters an ecological purification tank, and backwash water of the rapid filter tank returns to a floating block of a dense tank;
and (3) filtration stage of percolation dam:
activated sludge deposited in the secondary sedimentation tank is collected to a sludge treatment system for treatment, and effluent enters an ecological purification tank after being filtered by a percolation dam;
and (3) ecological purification tank treatment stage:
the dissolved oxygen and transparency of tail water are improved through photosynthesis and root adsorption of submerged plants.
And submerged stirrers are arranged in the tank A at intervals and used for pushing the denitrifying bacteria to move in the tank so as to contact more nutrient salt substances.
The dehydration process of the plate-and-frame dehydrator is as follows:
during early feeding, a slurry pump and a plunger pump are combined into a single set of feeding system to feed the plate frame dehydrator; an electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the feeding system and the plate frame squeezing water outlet main pipe to collect and monitor the flow of feeding water and the flow of water outlet;
when the water outlet flow reaches the maximum value and is gradually reduced to the maximum flow of the slurry pump, closing the plunger pump, and independently feeding by using the slurry pump;
when the water outlet flow is smaller than the rated flow of the plunger pump, the plunger pump is started to stably operate, then the slurry pump is closed, the pressure of the plunger pump is increased, and the mud cake is dried.
The effective depth of the sediment well is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the thickening pond provided with the sediment well is more than 40m.
The online mechanical drying and residual water purifying system for the algae sludge used in the online mechanical drying and residual water purifying method of the embodiment includes:
a mechanical sorting and deslagging system is arranged on the machine,
the water outlet direction of the mechanical separation deslagging system is connected with a thickening tank, and the thickening tank is divided into: a settling block and a floating block; a sediment well is arranged at the tail end of the sediment block of the thickening tank,
a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system is connected to the precipitation block of the thickening tank and the discharge direction of the precipitation well, and a tail water adjusting tank is connected to the water outlet direction of the slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system;
the discharging direction of the floating block of the thickening tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharging direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water regulating tank;
the water outlet direction of the floating block of the dense pool is connected to the fast filter pool, the back washing water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the floating block of the dense pool, the filtering water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the tail water adjusting pool/the ecological purifying pool, the outlet water of the ecological purifying pool is discharged to the external environment,
the water outlet direction of the tail water adjusting tank is sequentially connected with: the A pool, the contact fluidization pool, the secondary sedimentation pool and the ecological purification pool;
the discharge direction of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharge direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water adjusting tank.
The slurry side line modification prefabrication system adopts a conical tank body, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the center of the tank body, and a flocculating agent is added to assist sedimentation when algae water and slurry enter the tank body; a baffle is arranged in the slurry side line modification prefabrication system, and algae water and slurry in the water inlet pipe flow through the baffle and fall into the tank bottom.
In the above process, the improvement of the dehydration property is specifically explained as follows: the dehydration performance is improved by adding chemicals through a pipeline before the slurry is input into a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system, the original colloid stable structure can be destroyed after the chemicals are added into the algae water and the slurry, so that pollutants are condensed, and the condensation process is called the improvement of the dehydration performance, namely the modification.
The algae residue in the floating zone of the thickening tank is collected to a conditioning tank, and after the concentration in the conditioning tank is balanced, the balanced concentration is specifically explained as follows: because the concentration of the algae residue in the floating zone of the thickening tank inevitably fluctuates in the collection process, a concentration balancing process is inevitably generated, the concentration balancing process is a natural mixing process of the high-concentration algae residue and the low-concentration algae residue in the conditioning tank, and no additional operation is needed in the process.
In this embodiment, the common processing mode is equivalent to the common collection mode. The classified collection mode and the collective treatment or collection mode are two embodiments of the process of the present invention that can be freely switched. Two collection modes are set to mainly meet the collection requirements of the subsequent treatment of the mud cakes on the process tail mud; if the dewatered sludge needs to be recycled in the direction of building materials, the subsequent treatment and utilization of the sludge are affected by the higher content of organic matters such as algae or floating sludge in the tail sludge, so that the sludge and the algae are classified and collected; similarly, if resource utilization in the aspect of greening nutrient soil is carried out subsequently, the organic matter content of the tail mud needs to be increased, and a common treatment mode can be used.
Dredging mud is the mud that the desilting ship formed in the desilting construction process. The slurry has a large volume due to a high water content, and therefore needs to be subjected to reduction and harmless treatment. The object to be treated in the process of the invention is the slurry formed by dredging, i.e. the invention aims at treating the dredged slurry.
The specific purification process of this example is as follows:
the whole process firstly clears the treatment objects of the subsequent process through a primary physicochemical system, namely a thickening tank, namely, algae water and mud are divided into mud and water, the concentration of suspended matters in residual water formed in the primary system is higher, and if the water quality condition is better, the suspended matters are filtered through a rapid filter tank and then enter an ecological purification tank; if the soluble COD and ammonia nitrogen in the water body are too high to meet the discharge requirement, secondary biochemical treatment is required, and at this time, suspended matters are required to be filtered by the rapid filtration tank and then enter the tail water adjusting tank, because the tail water adjusting tank mainly has the function of adjusting the water quality and the water quantity fluctuation of the water to be treated, the concentration of the suspended matters in the inlet water is required, and the concentration cannot be too high, the biological membrane of a biochemical treatment system is prevented from being polluted.
The tail water regulating tank is a subsequent structure of the fast filter tank in the three-stage purification system, and the tail water does not reach the standard; the effluent of the tail water regulating tank enters a secondary biochemical system; has no direct relation with a primary materialization system, a percolation dam and an ecological purification tank.
The specific operation steps of this embodiment are as follows:
the algae water and mud entering the station firstly enter a mechanical separation deslagging system, and different types of impurities are classified and collected under the action of gravity by virtue of exciting forces given to screens with different apertures in the separation process, so that the resources can be recycled after being distinguished. The residual algae and sludge enter a primary materialization treatment system.
In the primary strengthening treatment process:
in the co-processing mode, the first and second processing modes,
the algae sludge mixture flows into a precipitation block of a thickening tank through a water distribution pipe, algae water and sludge particles generate an electrical neutralization effect under the action of a coagulation medium, free particles directly capture negative charges carried on the surfaces of sludge particle colloids and blue algae cells, and the Zeta potential of a colloid dispersion system is reduced, so that a hydration film adsorbed on the particle surfaces is damaged, the potential instability of each phase of particle colloid is caused, the slurry component attraction is accelerated, the bridge blue algae cells form a copolymer with the specific gravity larger than that of water, the volume of the copolymer is increased under the continuous collision, and finally the copolymer is settled and enriched at the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity.
A part of the algae sludge particles with smaller particle size and difficult precipitation is captured by a sediment well arranged at the bottom of the tail end in the water flow direction of the sediment block; in the embodiment, the length of the pool exceeds 40m, a sediment well needs to be arranged, the size of the sediment well is determined according to the field condition, and the effective depth is not less than 3m; the other part of the ultrafine particles enter the floating block of the thickening tank, and a water-gas mixture generated by the dissolved gas releaser under the action of a condensation medium is combined with the algae water and the fine particle floating silt to form a polymer with the density less than that of water, and the polymer continuously floats to the water surface and is collected in a concentrated way, so that the aim of further clarifying the water quality is fulfilled.
Under a classified collection mode, dredging mud is conveyed to a sedimentation block of a thickening tank for sedimentation, and light fine particle sludge enters a subsequent floating block for flotation thickening; the algae water is conveyed to the floating block of the thickening tank for thickening directly.
In the mechanical dehydration stage of the material,
the first procedure is as follows: the algae sludge mixture deposited at the bottom of the sedimentation block of the thickening tank and the sedimentation well is sucked to a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system through a moving platform. The system is a deep cone-shaped tank body, slurry enters the tank from top to bottom through a water inlet pipe arranged at the center of the tank, a flocculating agent is added in the process, a baffle is arranged under a central pipe to ensure that the slurry slowly rises along the whole water passing section after being uniformly distributed in the tank body, the algae-sludge mixture is fully mixed and then settles to enter a cone-shaped settling hopper at the bottom of the tank, and clarified water flows out to a tail water regulating tank along a peripheral overflow weir around the upper part of the tank body.
The algae sludge slurry with improved dehydration performance is conveyed to a plate frame dehydration unit through a feeding system for dehydration. The following is presented in the context of practical cases:
using 140m 3 Slurry pump of h, 75KW and 70m 3 A single set of feeding system is synthesized by a/h and 37KW plunger pump set, and supplies materials to 4 600 flat plate frame filter presses. And electromagnetic flow meters are arranged on the feeding system and the plate frame squeezing water outlet main pipe to collect and monitor the feeding flow and the water outlet flow.
The earlier stage feeding adopts a slurry pump and a plunger pump to feed at the same time under 0.8Mpa, so that the time of full bin of a filter chamber is shortened;
when the effluent flow reaches the maximum value and is gradually reduced to the full rated flow of the slurry pump, closing the plunger pump, and independently feeding by using the slurry pump;
when the water outlet flow is smaller than the rated flow of the plunger pump, the plunger pump is started to stably operate, then the slurry pump is closed, and the pressure of the plunger pump is increased to 1Mpa to dry the mud cake.
In the actual use process, the optimal quantity matching can be carried out according to the capacity and the power consumption of the feeding system and the specification and the size of the plate frame machine. For example, 2 slurry pumps and 1 plunger pump set are combined into a single set of feeding system to match 6 600 flat plate frame filter presses and the like.
A second procedure: and after the algae residues on the surface layer of the floating block are collected to the conditioning tank for equalizing concentration, the algae residues enter respective mechanical dewatering equipment for dewatering and filter pressing through online dosing of a pipeline, and the mechanical dewatering equipment is a belt filter press unit.
The third procedure: and after the activated sludge deposited in the secondary sedimentation tank is conveyed to a conditioning tank of the secondary sedimentation tank to equalize the concentration, the activated sludge enters mechanical dehydration equipment of the secondary sedimentation tank for dehydration and filter pressing through pipeline on-line dosing, wherein the mechanical dehydration equipment is a belt filter press unit.
And tail mud generated in the three procedures is conveyed to a temporary storage yard through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment, and generated residual water enters a tail water regulating pool to balance the water quality and the water quantity.
In the residual water purification process:
under the condition that the effluent of the thickening tank can basically reach the standard, the sewage firstly enters a rapid filter tank for filtration, and a filter layer is formed by grading granular filter materials such as quartz sand, volcanic rock and the like so as to quickly intercept suspended solids, partial bacteria, microorganisms and other pollutants in the sewage. The backwashing water of the rapid filter tank returns to the floating block of the dense tank, the filtered water of the rapid filter tank enters the ecological purification tank, the dissolved oxygen and the transparency of the tail water are improved through the photosynthesis and the root adsorption of submerged plants, the stable state of the clear water of the tail water is maintained, and the deep purification is completed.
The effluent of the thickening tank needs to be subjected to biochemical treatment under the condition that the effluent cannot reach the standard: firstly, after suspended matters are filtered by a rapid filter tank, the suspended matters and the effluent of a slurry side line modification prefabrication system, the effluent of a plate and frame filter press and the effluent of a belt filter press enter a tail water regulating tank together, the water quality and the water quantity are balanced in the tank, and the anti-pollution load capacity of a water treatment system is improved.
The effluent of the regulating reservoir firstly enters a pool A, the retention time in the pool A is 2-3.5h generally, the effective depth is not less than 4m,
a round ball body made of polypropylene materials through injection molding is placed in the pool A, volcanic filler is arranged in the pool A and used for hanging films, denitrifying bacteria cultured on the filler are used, degradable organic matters in tail water are used as electron donors, nitrate is used as electron acceptors, nitrate nitrogen is reduced into N2 to be released, and therefore the purposes of denitrification and COD reduction are achieved, and meanwhile, a subsurface flow type stirrer is arranged in the area with the interval of 5m in the perimeter of the pool A and used for pushing the ball body to move in the pool to contact more nutritive salt substances.
The effluent of the A tank enters a contact fluidization tank, the contact fluidization tank adopts a mode of combining activated sludge, biomembranes and contact oxidation, a suspended biomembrane carrier put in a system is utilized in the aeration process to enable the whole tank to be in a uniform fluidization state, the cultured autotrophic nitrobacteria are attached to the suspended biomembrane carrier, oxygen is taken as a final electron acceptor in a fluidization state, NH4+ is oxidized into NO3-, part of the effluent of the contact fluidization tank is taken as nitrified liquid to flow back to the A tank to complete further denitrification, and the other part of the effluent enters a secondary sedimentation tank to be precipitated.
The secondary sedimentation tank is an accessory structure of the contact fluidization tank, is an important component of a biochemical treatment system, and has the functions of clarifying mixed liquor, realizing partial recovery, concentrating activated sludge and the like.
The active sludge deposited in the pool is collected to a sludge treatment system for treatment, and the effluent enters an ecological purification pool after being treated by a percolation dam. The percolation dam is a functional structure which is composed of ceramsite and volcanic rock serving as matrixes and used for blocking two pool bodies and playing a role in purifying water quality, the section of the percolation dam is divided into a percolation area and a surface flow area from bottom to top, and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the surface flow area; the seepage flow and the surface flow are not less than the treated water. The water quality is purified and conserved by the functions of adsorption, detention, filtration, oxidation reduction, precipitation, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shielding, residue accumulation, nutrient absorption and the like of the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment system through the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic action of the aquatic plants in the surface flow area and the microorganisms formed by the biofilm formation in the seepage flow area.
And the effluent of the percolation dam enters an ecological purification tank, dissolved oxygen and transparency of tail water are improved through photosynthesis and root adsorption of submerged plants, and clear water stability of the tail water is maintained, so that deep purification is completed.
The invention has strong decontamination pertinence, and has the advantages of comprehensive purification, low treatment cost and stable tail water discharge; according to different water body pollution degrees, different residual water deep purification process paths are selected, and meanwhile, the process has certain heavy metal removal capacity, wide treatment coverage and low cost. The whole water treatment process is subdivided into a first-stage physicochemical system, a second-stage biochemical system and a third-stage purification system, and algae water and dredging mud are subjected to purification treatment.
The dredging mud or algae water with low pollution degree is subjected to strengthening treatment by the primary materialization system and then directly enters the tertiary purification system for deep purification, so that the water treatment cost is reduced, and the impact of a water body with low pollution load on the secondary biochemical system is also reduced. Under the condition that the black and odorous water with higher pollution degree is subjected to endogenous treatment and the primary materialization system cannot achieve standard treatment, the effluent of the system and the residual water of the sludge treatment system enter a secondary biochemical system together for carrying out dephosphorization and denitrification.
The secondary biochemical treatment system adopts a mode of combining activated sludge, biological membranes and contact oxidation, a suspended biological membrane carrier with the specific gravity (0.945-0.965 g/cm & lt 3 & gt) close to water, a hollow three-dimensional structure and a rough inner surface is added in the system and is attached to the biological membrane for in-situ culture, and the uniform fluidization states of the suspended biological membrane carrier in different tanks are respectively realized through aeration by a subsurface flow stirrer, so that nitrification and denitrification are fully performed, and the treatment efficiency and the standard reaching rate of tail water are greatly improved. And because the suspended biofilm carrier is made of HDPE, the suspended biofilm carrier has strong durability, can be recycled and reused, and is different from the defects of short service cycle, high price and the like of the traditional biofilm carrier material, so that the treatment cost per ton of water is lower, and the economical efficiency is better.
The three-stage purification system mainly realizes the deep purification of the water body by physical, chemical and biological actions, and has extremely low operation cost. The fast filter tank contained in the system removes impurities and suspended matters in the effluent water of the primary physicochemical treatment system through the adsorption effect of filter materials, reduces the turbidity of the effluent water, improves the safety and the treatment efficiency of subsequent treatment facilities, reduces the content of organic matters in the effluent water to a certain degree, and has a certain removal rate on heavy metals and bacteria and viruses; the percolation dam contained in the system provides the functions of adsorption, detention, filtration, oxidation reduction, precipitation, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shielding, residue accumulation, nutrient absorption and the like for the effluent of the secondary biochemical treatment system by utilizing the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic action of the substrate, the aquatic plants and the microorganisms; the ecological purification tank contained in the system utilizes the photosynthesis and root adsorption of submerged plants to improve the dissolved oxygen and transparency of tail water and maintain the stable clear water state of the tail water under the engineering characteristics of immediate treatment.
Taking blue algae in Taihu lake water areas and water areas as examples, the invention realizes the fusion of different treatment processes of algae water and dredging mud, judges that the risk of water pollution events such as lake flooding and the like in blue algae accumulation areas is obviously higher than that of other areas on the basis of the experience of treatment of endogenous pollution in Taihu lake water areas, and can make the treatment stations of the algae accumulation areas and the other areas planned at the same place under the process fusion, thereby unifying the function of land construction and saving the land area on one hand, and greatly improving the blue algae treatment capacity on the other hand depending on the dredging treatment scale. In addition, the process micro-polluted residual water is subjected to effective advanced treatment, so that pollutants in the whole process are realized: the full-coverage treatment of algae, silt and water really realizes the deep reduction of the endogenous pollution.
The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. An on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying method for algae sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: primary physicochemical treatment, slurry mechanical dehydration and residual water purification;
the algae water and the slurry entering the station enter a mechanical separation deslagging system, primarily vibrating and screening impurities under the synergistic action of exciting force and gravity, and feeding the residual algae water and the slurry obtained after vibrating and screening into a primary physicochemical treatment system to complete primary solid-liquid separation; and (3) carrying out secondary biochemical or tertiary purification treatment on the separated supernatant according to the pollution degree, then discharging, allowing the material separated by the primary physicochemical treatment system to enter a mechanical dehydration system to be dehydrated, temporarily stacking the formed algae and mud cakes, waiting for subsequent treatment, allowing the separated residual water to enter a secondary biochemical system and a tertiary purification system to be purified, and then discharging.
2. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first-stage materialization process specifically comprises the following stages:
mechanical separation deslagging:
the algae water and the mud entering the station enter a mechanical sorting deslagging system, impurities are primarily screened by vibration under the action of gravity, and the residual algae water and the mud obtained after screening by vibration enter a primary physicochemical treatment system;
a strengthening treatment stage:
common processing mode: algae water and slurry flow into a precipitation block of the thickening tank through a water distribution pipe, particles of algae water and slurry mixture are subjected to an electrical neutralization effect under the action of a coagulation medium in the precipitation block, the absorption of slurry components and the formation of a copolymer with a specific gravity larger than that of water by bridge blue-green algae cells are accelerated, and the copolymer is settled at the bottom of the thickening tank after the volume of the copolymer is increased under continuous collision;
the fine particles which are easy to resuspend are captured by the sediment well in the flowing process;
the pollutant particles with the minimum particle size enter a floating block of the thickening tank, and are combined with algae water and fine particles through a water-gas mixture generated by the dissolved air releaser under the action of a coagulation medium to form a polymer with the density less than that of water, and the polymer floats on the water surface and is collected;
and (3) a classification collection mode: the mud is conveyed to a sedimentation block of the thickening tank for sedimentation; the algae water is conveyed to a floating block of the thickening area for thickening and reducing treatment.
3. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mechanical slurry dewatering process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the thickening tank:
algae water and slurry deposited in a deposition block and a deposition well of the thickening tank are input into a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system, the dehydration performance of the algae sludge slurry is improved by adding drugs, and the improved algae sludge slurry is conveyed to a plate frame dehydration unit through a feeding system to be dehydrated and filter-pressed; clear water in the slurry bypass line prefabrication system overflows into a tail water adjusting tank;
collecting the algae residue in the floating area of the thickening tank to a conditioning tank, and after the algae residue is balanced in concentration in the conditioning tank, feeding the algae residue into a belt filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) dehydrating slurry of the secondary sedimentation tank:
conveying the activated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank connected with the fluidized tank to a conditioning tank, and after the activated sludge is balanced in concentration in the conditioning tank, feeding the activated sludge into a belt type filter press for dehydration and filter pressing;
and (3) tail mud collection stage:
and temporarily stacking the tail mud obtained by dewatering and filter pressing for later treatment, and allowing the obtained residual water to enter a tail water regulating tank to balance the water quality and the water quantity.
4. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the secondary biochemical process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) treating the tail water regulating tank:
filtered water which does not reach the standard after being treated by the rapid filter tank, the water discharged by the slurry bypass line modification prefabricated system and the water discharged by the mechanical dehydration equipment enter a tail water regulating tank together, the water quality and the water quantity are balanced in the tank,
and (3) a tank A treatment stage:
the effluent of the tail water regulating tank enters a tank A for treatment, and degradable organic matters in the water are used as electron donors and nitrate is used as an electron acceptor to reduce nitrate nitrogen into N by using denitrifying bacteria cultured in the tank 2 Releasing to perform the purposes of denitrification and COD reduction;
a contact fluidization pool treatment stage:
the effluent of the tank A enters a contact fluidization tank for treatment, the suspended biofilm carriers are in a uniform fluidization state in the whole tank in the aeration process in the tank, nitrifying bacteria are attached to the suspended biofilm carriers, oxygen is used as a final electron acceptor in the fluidization state, and NH4 is added + By oxidation to NO 3 - And one part of the effluent contacting the fluidized tank is taken as nitrified liquid and flows back to the tank A to complete further denitrification, and the other part of the effluent enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
5. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the residual water purification process specifically comprises the following stages:
and (3) a filtering stage:
the effluent of the primary physicochemical treatment system enters a rapid filter tank for filtering, if the filtered effluent reaches the standard, the filtered effluent enters an ecological purification tank, and backwashing water of the rapid filter tank returns to a floating block of a dense tank;
and (3) filtration stage of percolation dam:
activated sludge deposited in the secondary sedimentation tank is collected to a sludge treatment system for treatment, and effluent enters an ecological purification tank after being filtered by a percolation dam;
and (3) ecological purification tank treatment stage:
the dissolved oxygen and the transparency of tail water are improved through the photosynthesis and the root adsorption of submerged plants.
6. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algal sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and submerged stirrers are arranged in the tank A at intervals and used for pushing the denitrifying bacteria to move in the tank so as to contact more nutrient salt substances.
7. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algal sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the dehydration process of the plate-and-frame dehydrator is as follows:
during early feeding, a slurry pump and a plunger pump set are combined into a single set of feeding system to feed the plate frame dehydrator; an electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the feeding system and the plate frame squeezing water outlet main pipe to collect and monitor the feeding and water outlet flow;
when the water outlet flow reaches the maximum value and is gradually reduced to the maximum flow of the slurry pump, closing the plunger pump, and independently feeding by using the slurry pump;
when the water outlet flow is smaller than the rated flow of the plunger pump, the plunger pump is started to stably operate, then the slurry pump is closed, the pressure of the plunger pump is increased, and the mud cake is dried.
8. The method for on-line mechanical drying of algae sludge and purification of residual water as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the effective depth of the sediment well is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the thickening pond provided with the sediment well is more than 40m.
9. An on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying system for algae sludge used in the on-line mechanical drying and residual water purifying method of claim 1, comprising:
a mechanical sorting and deslagging system is arranged on the machine,
the water outlet direction of the mechanical separation deslagging system is connected with a thickening tank, and the thickening tank is divided into: a precipitation block and a floating block; a sediment well is arranged at the tail end of the sediment block of the thickening tank,
a slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system is connected to the precipitation block of the thickening tank and the discharge direction of the precipitation well, and a tail water adjusting tank is connected to the water outlet direction of the slurry bypass line modification prefabrication system;
the discharging direction of the floating block of the thickening tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharging direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water regulating tank;
the water outlet direction of the floating block of the dense pool is connected to the fast filter pool, the back washing water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the floating block of the dense pool, the filtering water outlet direction of the fast filter pool is connected to the tail water adjusting pool/the ecological purifying pool, the outlet water of the ecological purifying pool is discharged to the external environment,
the water outlet direction of the tail water adjusting tank is sequentially connected with: the A pool, the contact fluidization pool, the secondary sedimentation pool and the ecological purification pool;
the discharge direction of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with a conditioning tank, the discharge direction of the conditioning tank is connected with mechanical dehydration equipment, and the water outlet direction of the mechanical dehydration equipment is connected to a tail water adjusting tank.
10. The on-line mechanical drying and residual water purification system of algae sludge as claimed in claim 9,
the slurry side line modification prefabrication system adopts a conical tank body, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the center of the tank body, and a flocculating agent is added to assist sedimentation when algae water and slurry enter the tank body; a baffle is arranged in the slurry side line modification prefabrication system, and algae water and slurry in the water inlet pipe flow through the baffle and fall into the tank bottom.
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