CN115520954B - Application of microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting cultivation of prawns - Google Patents
Application of microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting cultivation of prawns Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of a microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting culture of prawns, and belongs to the field of aquaculture. The microbial fuel cell not only can efficiently treat the aquaculture wastewater in situ, but also can promote the growth of aquatic animals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an application of a microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting cultivation of prawns.
Background
At present, the main variety of the prawn culture is Penaeus vannamei Boone, and the culture mode is mainly industrialized circulating water culture. The industrial culture mode belongs to an ultrahigh-density running water culture mode, the water consumption for culture is high, the bait coefficient is high, a large amount of culture wastewater is discharged outwards to cause serious pollution to the surrounding environment, diseases frequently occur in high-density culture, germplasm is degraded, and huge economic loss is caused to the penaeus vannamei boone culture industry. The sustainable healthy development of the prawn culture is affected.
A microbial fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy in an organic substance into electric energy using microorganisms. The basic working principle is as follows: under the anaerobic environment of the anode chamber, the organic matters are decomposed under the action of microorganisms and release electrons and protons, the electrons are effectively transferred between the biological components and the anode by means of a proper electron transfer medium and transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to form electric current, the protons are transferred to the cathode through a proton exchange membrane, and the oxidant (generally oxygen) is reduced at the cathode to be combined with the protons into water. Microbial fuel cells are currently used for bioelectricity while treating wastewater. However, no one has found the effect of microbial fuel cells on aquaculture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an application of a microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting cultivation of prawns, and the microbial fuel cell is constructed by taking cultivation wastewater as a matrix and pollutants as a substrate, and can not only treat the cultivation wastewater in situ efficiently, but also promote the immunity and growth of aquatic animals.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the microbial fuel cell comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber and a middle culture chamber, wherein an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the middle culture chamber, a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the cathode chamber and the middle culture chamber to divide the anode chamber and the middle culture chamber, the anode chamber is communicated with the middle culture chamber through a first communicating pipe, the middle culture chamber is communicated with the cathode chamber through a second communicating pipe, the anode chamber is communicated with the cathode chamber through a third communicating pipe, water in the cathode chamber can enter the middle culture chamber through the second communicating pipe, water in the middle culture chamber can enter the anode chamber through the first communicating pipe, water in the anode chamber can enter the cathode chamber through the third communicating pipe, mixed bacteria are arranged in the anode chamber, algae are arranged in the cathode chamber, a vent pipe is communicated between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and an electrode in the anode chamber is connected with an electrode in the cathode chamber through a wire and a resistor;
the microbial fuel cell is applied in that water containing bait and feces in an intermediate culture chamber is pumped into an anode chamber, decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances under the action of anode bacteria, carbon dioxide is generated simultaneously, bioelectricity generated in the decomposition process is conducted to a cathode electrode through an anode carbon rod and an electric wire, so that an electric field is generated between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and heavy metal ions in water in the intermediate culture chamber move to a cathode under the action of the electric field; the generated carbon dioxide enters a cathode chamber through a vent pipe, algae in the cathode chamber breathes through the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is converted into organic matters by the cathode chamber, water in the anode chamber stays for a period of time, macromolecular substances including protein are decomposed, the decomposed water is pumped into a cathode and absorbed and utilized by algae in the cathode chamber, and water rich in algae is pumped into an intermediate culture chamber from the cathode chamber and used as biological bait to form an uninterrupted microbial fuel cell closed circulating water culture system.
Further, the microorganisms of the anode chamber are photosynthetic bacteria.
Further, the algae in the cathode chamber are micro-kelp and nannochloropsis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the microbial fuel cell provided by the invention is used for treating organic matters in a culture water body, the organic matters are decomposed into small molecular peptides, one part of the small molecular peptides enters the culture pond through the anion exchange membrane and is utilized by organisms in the culture pond, the other part of the small molecular peptides enters the cathode to be converted into algae biomass, algae enters the culture pond as food, current generated by the microbial fuel cell is transferred between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, so that an electric field is formed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, the electric field is beneficial to improving immunity and growth of aquatic organisms in the middle culture pond, metal ions in the culture water body move to the cathode chamber and gather in the cathode chamber, heavy metals are removed in a precipitation form at the anode, and toxicity of heavy metals in the water body to the aquatic organisms is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the microbial fuel cell of the present invention applied to a culture pond. In the figure: 1. anode chamber, 2, block carbon electrode, 3, electric wire, 4, controller, 5, cathode chamber, 6, cathode electrode, 7, middle culture chamber, 8, water inlet system, 9, water inlet pump, 10, first communicating pipe, 11, second communicating pipe, 12, third communicating pipe, 13, breather pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further explained by examples below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the culture pond is rectangular, a water inlet system 8 is externally connected, a water inlet pump 9 provides water inlet power, two ends in the length direction are respectively separated into an anode chamber 1 and a cathode chamber 5 by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, the middle is a middle culture chamber 7, the upper parts of the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 5 are closed, a connecting air pipe 13, an electric wire 3 and a water circulation passage hole are reserved, the anode chamber 1 is provided with a blocky carbon electrode 2, a water body in the anode chamber 1 is inoculated with a generating electric bacteria (purchased from commercial products), the cathode chamber 5 is internally provided with a graphene oxide-CoAl layered double hydroxide composite electrode as a cathode electrode 6, the water body in the cathode chamber 5 is inoculated with algae, the algae including micro-sized seaweed and nannochloropsis, the air pipe 13 is communicated from the anode chamber 1 to the cathode chamber 5, the electric wire 3 is communicated from the carbon electrode of the anode chamber 1 to the graphene oxide-CoAl layered double hydroxide composite electrode of the cathode chamber 5 so as to facilitate the conduction of the generated bioelectric energy from the anode chamber 1 to the cathode chamber 5, and the middle is provided with a controller 4
The anode chamber 1, the cathode chamber 5 and the middle culture pond are respectively provided with a water pump so as to pump water in the middle culture pond into the anode chamber 1 through the water pump 10, the anode chamber 1 is communicated with the middle culture chamber 7 through a first communicating pipe 10, the middle culture chamber 7 is communicated with the cathode chamber 5 through a second communicating pipe 11, and the anode chamber 1 is communicated with the cathode chamber 5 through a third communicating pipe 12; after the water in the anode chamber 1 is subjected to bacterial treatment, a part of the water permeates into the middle culture pond through the anion exchange membrane, a part of the water enters the cathode chamber 5 through the third communicating pipe 12, the water in the cathode chamber 5 enters the middle culture chamber 7 through the second communicating pipe 11 under the action of the water pump, and the water in the middle culture chamber 7 enters the anode chamber 1 through the first communicating pipe 10 under the action of the water pump.
The fecal residual bait and the like in the culture water body are decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances under the action of photosynthetic bacteria in the anode chamber 1, carbon dioxide is generated at the same time, bioelectricity generated in the decomposition process is conducted to the cathode electrode through the anode carbon rod and the electric wire 3, so that an electric field is generated between the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 5, and heavy metal ions in the middle culture chamber 7 move to the cathode chamber 5; the generated carbon dioxide enters the cathode chamber 5 through the vent pipe 13, and algae in the cathode chamber 5 utilize the carbon dioxide to perform respiration, so that the carbon dioxide is converted into organic matters; the biomass produced enters a culture room and is used as biological bait for culturing organisms.
The microbial fuel cell provided by the invention is used for treating organic matters in a culture water body, the organic matters are decomposed into small molecular peptides, part of the small molecular peptides enter the culture pond through the anion exchange membrane and are utilized by organisms in the culture pond, part of the small molecular peptides enter the cathode to be converted into algae biomass, algae enter the culture pond as food, and current generated by the microbial fuel cell is transferred between the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 5, so that an electric field is formed between the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 5, the electric field is beneficial to the growth of aquatic organisms in the middle culture pond and the immunity of the aquatic organisms is improved, the disease drugs are reduced, and metal ions in the culture water body are moved to the cathode chamber 5 by the electric field and are gathered in the cathode chamber 5, so that the toxicity of heavy metals in the water body to the aquatic organisms is avoided.
Application example 3 experimental groups were set up, each group was set up in 3 parallels, and 600 penaeus vannamei boone (average body weight 0.5+ -0.02 g, body length 3.2+ -0.03 cm) were put into each culture pond. The experimental group 1 is a microbial fuel cell, the experimental group 2 is a normal circulating water culture group, the experimental group 3 is a rectangular culture pond with the two ends of the culture pond being provided with weak electrodes, the culture pond is 3 x 2m, and the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 3 have the same structure, and the difference is that the two ends of the experimental group 3 are not provided with photosynthetic bacteria and algae, namely can not decompose organic matters through microorganisms to generate bioelectricity, only provide 0.2-0.5V direct current voltage through an external artificial power supply, and form a weak electric field in the culture pond.
After 60d cultivation, the effect is as follows:
TABLE 1 comparison of growth Properties of three groups of Penaeus vannamei Boone
| Index (I) | Experiment group 1 | Experiment group 2 | Experiment group 3 |
| Survival (%) | 94.67±0.28 | 90.40±0.21 | 91.82±0.13 |
| Average body weight at end (g) | 9.9±0.05 | 8.8±0.04 | 9.1±0.04 |
| Average final body length (cm) | 8.9±0.06 | 8.4±0.04 | 8.6±0.03 |
The results show that: the survival rates of the groups are remarkably different, and the experimental group 1 is remarkably higher than the other two groups; there was no significant difference in the average body weight at the end of experimental group 2 and experimental group 3, but significantly lower than experimental group 1; there was no significant difference in average body length at the end of experimental group 1 and experimental group 3, but significantly higher than experimental group 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of digestive tract digestive enzyme Activity of three groups of Penaeus vannamei Boone
| Index (I) | Experiment group 1 | Experiment group 2 | Experiment group 3 |
| Protease (U/(mg. Pro)) | 59.26±1.03 | 41.25±0.68 | 47.35±0.46 |
| Amylase (U/(mg. Pro)) | 1.91±0.09 | 1.45±0.18 | 1.52±0.07 |
| Lipase (U/(mg. Pro)) | 11.59±0.72 | 6.12±0.56 | 8.24±0.82 |
The results show that: the digestive enzyme activities of each group are obviously different, and the digestive enzyme activities of the experimental group 1 are obviously higher than those of the other two groups.
TABLE 3 comparison of serum nonspecific immunoenzymatic activities of three groups of Penaeus vannamei Boone
The results show that: the phenol oxidase activities of experimental group 1 and experimental group 3 were not significantly different, but significantly higher than experimental group 2; the superoxide dismutase activity of the experimental group 2 is obviously higher than that of the other two groups; there was no significant difference in lysozyme activity between experimental group 2 and experimental group 3, but significantly lower than experimental group 1.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the microbial fuel cell in the growth-promoting cultivation of the prawns is characterized in that the microbial fuel cell comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber and an intermediate cultivation chamber, wherein an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the intermediate cultivation chamber, the anode chamber and the intermediate cultivation chamber are separated by the cation exchange membrane, the anode chamber is communicated with the intermediate cultivation chamber through a first communicating pipe, the intermediate cultivation chamber is communicated with the cathode chamber through a second communicating pipe, the anode chamber is communicated with the cathode chamber through a third communicating pipe, water in the cathode chamber can enter the intermediate cultivation chamber through the second communicating pipe, water in the intermediate cultivation chamber can enter the anode chamber through the first communicating pipe, water in the anode chamber can enter the cathode chamber through the third communicating pipe, a mixed flora is arranged in the anode chamber, algae is arranged in the cathode chamber, a vent pipe is arranged between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and an electrode in the anode chamber is connected with an electrode in the cathode chamber through a wire and a resistor;
the microbial fuel cell is applied in that water containing bait and feces in an intermediate culture chamber is pumped into an anode chamber, decomposed into micromolecular nutrient substances under the action of anode bacteria, carbon dioxide is generated simultaneously, bioelectricity generated in the decomposition process is conducted to a cathode electrode through an anode carbon rod and an electric wire, so that an electric field is generated between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and heavy metal ions in water in the intermediate culture chamber move to a cathode under the action of the electric field; the generated carbon dioxide enters a cathode chamber through a vent pipe, algae in the cathode chamber carry out photosynthesis by utilizing the carbon dioxide, the cathode chamber converts the carbon dioxide into organic matters, water in an anode chamber stays for a period of time, macromolecular substances including protein are decomposed, the decomposed water is pumped into a cathode and absorbed and utilized by algae in the cathode chamber, and water rich in algae is pumped into an intermediate culture chamber from the cathode chamber and is used as biological bait to form an uninterrupted microbial fuel cell closed circulating water culture system.
2. Use of a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1 in prawn growth promoting farming, wherein the microorganisms in the anode chamber consist of Proteobacteria, actinobacteria, firmicutes, bacteroidetes, chloroflexi, saccharibacteria, tenericutes, synergistetes and spirochaeta.
3. The use of a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1 in growth-promoting cultivation of prawns, wherein the algae in the cathode chamber are microcystis and nannochloropsis.
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