CN115520241A - Double-cylinder retarder for train marshalling station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station, which effectively solves the problem of uncompensated function when the retarder fails and loses energy; the technical scheme includes that the U-shaped grooved rail is fixed on a train track through bolts, a front retarder and a rear retarder are arranged in the grooved rail, the front retarder and the rear retarder are arranged at intervals, the front retarder is located in the coming direction of a train, the rear retarder is located in the going direction of the train, the front retarder is in a vertical working state, the rear retarder is in a lying down non-working state, and when the front retarder fails to work, the rear retarder is vertical to replace the front retarder to work; the invention can compensate the incapacity of the retarder when the retarder has 'false top' fault and 'dead top' fault, thereby ensuring the safe deceleration of the train when the train slides and marshalls.

Description

Double-cylinder retarder for train marshalling station

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway equipment, in particular to a double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station.

Background

When a train is marshalled in a marshalling station, a hump sliding mode is adopted, namely one or more carriages are pushed to the crest of the hump, and then the carriages slide downwards along a track on the hump under the action of gravity and are connected with the train; because the carriage is not provided with a braking device, the carriage sliding speed is controlled by external force braking during sliding, so that collision is avoided, and the device for limiting the carriage sliding speed is the retarder.

The retarder is an oil cylinder which is arranged on the side of a track and has downward pressing resistance, an oil-gas mixed medium is arranged in the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is pressed down when wheels drive the retarder, and the resistance of the oil cylinder does work on the wheels to limit the speed; two faults easily occur in the operation of the retarder, namely, the oil pressure leakage in the oil cylinder causes great reduction of the pressing resistance, the retarder is pressed down but hardly does not work on wheels, and is called as a false top or a virtual top, and the oil cylinder is blocked and cannot be pressed down due to the deterioration of the oil in the cylinder, the blockage of an oil hole, the deformation of the oil cylinder and the like, and is called as a dead top, so that when the wheels pass through the dead top retarder, wheel jump and even derailment accidents occur.

Because the functional integrity of the retarder plays an important role in train sliding marshalling, the retarder needs to be overhauled every day, and various maintenance vehicles exist at present, such as application numbers: invention patent and application number of CN 201811417271.1: invention patent and application number of cn201410028662. X: the invention patent of CN200910072185.6, etc. also has a retarder with self-checking function, for example, application numbers: CN201220648779.4 utility model patent, application No.: CN 202010797279.6; however, the maintenance can only find the fault in time all the time, the fault cannot be fundamentally avoided when the train is rolled up, and the essential guarantee for improving the safety of the train rolling is that the disabled retarder can be compensated in time in function when the fault occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station, which is used for solving the problem of uncompensated function when the retarder fails and loses energy.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is that the double-cylinder retarder for the train marshalling station comprises a groove rail with a U-shaped section, wherein a mounting bolt is arranged on the outer side wall of the groove rail, a front retarder and a rear retarder are arranged in the groove rail, the front retarder is positioned in the coming direction of a train, the rear retarder is positioned in the going direction of the train, and the front retarder and the rear retarder respectively comprise a cylindrical shell, an oil cylinder and a piston assembly; the side wall of the shell of each retarder is provided with four pin holes, the four pin holes are divided into an upper group and a lower group, the two pin holes above the retarder are symmetrical front and back, the two pin holes below the retarder are symmetrical front and back, when the retarder is in a vertical working state, the position of the side wall of the groove rail opposite to each pin hole on the shell of the retarder is also provided with a pin hole, and one pin hole on the shell and one pin hole on the groove rail aligned with the pin hole are called as a pair; the four pairs of pin holes of the front retarder and the two pairs of pin holes below the rear retarder are provided with a first pin shaft in each pair; an annular breaking groove is formed in the outer wall of each of the two first pin shafts on the front retarding jack; two first pin shafts on the rear retarder are respectively provided with a torsion spring, the torsion springs enable the rear retarder to tend to rotate in a vertical state, two second pin shafts are respectively arranged in two pin holes in the upper portion of a shell of the rear retarder, a first pressure spring is arranged between each second pin shaft and the shell, and the first pressure springs enable the second pin shafts to have a tendency of popping out outwards.

A horizontal air pressure limiting rod is arranged in the groove rail, the air pressure limiting rod is positioned between the front retarder and the rear retarder, the air pressure limiting rod comprises a first cylinder body, a plunger rod is arranged in the first cylinder body, and the outer end of the plunger rod abuts against the rear retarder; be equipped with first pressure release unit and second pressure release unit on the first cylinder body, first pressure release unit can make first cylinder body pressure release when leading retarder takes place "virtual top", and second pressure release unit can make first cylinder body pressure release when leading retarder takes place "dead top".

The first pressure relief unit comprises a second cylinder body, the bottom of the second cylinder body is communicated with the first cylinder body, a second piston is arranged in the second cylinder body, a second pressure spring is arranged at the lower end of the second piston, a pressure relief hole is formed in the side wall of the second cylinder body, and the top of the second cylinder body is communicated with the top of an oil cylinder of the front retarder through a hydraulic hose;

the second pressure relief unit comprises a taper hole formed in the side wall of the first cylinder body, a taper plug is arranged in the taper hole, the upper end of the taper plug is connected with a vertical pressure rod, a third pressure spring enabling the taper plug to reset upwards is arranged on the pressure rod, and the pressure rod can be pressed down when the front retarder lies down.

The oil cylinder coaxially slides and penetrates through the shell, the bottom of the oil cylinder is provided with a sealed end cover, the piston assembly comprises a piston rod and a first piston, the piston rod coaxially penetrates through the end cover, the lower end of the piston rod is fixed at the bottom of the shell, the upper end of the piston rod is located in the oil cylinder, the first piston is fixedly installed at the upper end of the piston rod, a plurality of oil passing holes which are communicated up and down are formed in the first piston, a valve plate is installed above the first piston, a fourth pressure spring is installed between the valve plate and the first piston, the valve plate compresses the fourth pressure spring to move down to seal the oil passing holes, a throttling hole which is aligned with the oil passing holes is formed in the valve plate, and after the oil passing holes are sealed, oil in the upper oil cavity and the lower oil cavity flows through the throttling hole.

The piston rod is provided with a limiting shaft shoulder positioned below the first piston, the piston rod is provided with a limiting sleeve in a screwed mode through threads, and the first piston is axially locked by the limiting shaft shoulder and the limiting sleeve.

The upper end face of the first piston is provided with a sinking groove, and the lower end of the fourth pressure spring is arranged in the sinking groove.

The outer ends of the first pin shafts are screwed in pin holes in the outer groove rail through threads, the inner ends of the first pin shafts are in running fit with the pin holes in the shell, the inner ends of the first pin shafts on the front retarder are abutted against the hole bottoms of the pin holes in the shell, and intervals are reserved between the inner ends of the four lower pairs of first pin shafts and the hole bottoms of the pin holes in the shell; the inner end of the second pin shaft is also spaced from the bottom of the pin hole on the shell, two pin hole parts corresponding to the second pin shaft on the groove rail are respectively provided with a limiting block fixed on the inner wall of the groove rail, and the rear retarder is clamped between the two limiting blocks when rotating to the vertical state.

The invention can compensate the incapability of the retarder when the 'false top' fault and the 'dead top' fault occur in the retarder, and ensure the safe deceleration when the train slides and marshes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the present invention in an initial state.

FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the front retarder according to the present invention when the "virtual top" phenomenon occurs.

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the front retarder of the present invention when the "dead top" phenomenon occurs.

Fig. 4 is a right side sectional view of the position of the front retarder when the front retarder is in the upright position.

Fig. 5 is a right side sectional view of the rear retarder position with the rear retarder in the upright position.

Fig. 6 is a right side view of the track mounted retarder of the invention, the retarder is a front retarder in a vertical working state, and a rear retarder is not shown.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the position a in fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the position B in fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the position C in fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of position D in fig. 3.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the position E in fig. 4.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the position G in fig. 4.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the position H in fig. 4.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of the position I in fig. 5.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of the position J in fig. 5.

Fig. 16 is a force analysis diagram when the wheel presses the retarder.

Detailed Description

With the attached drawing, the invention comprises a grooved rail 1 with a U-shaped section, wherein mounting bolts 2 are arranged on the outer side wall of the grooved rail 1, the grooved rail 1 can be fixed on the rail web of a rail through the mounting bolts 2, a front retarder 3 and a rear retarder 4 are arranged in the grooved rail 1, the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 are arranged at intervals, the front retarder 3 is positioned in the train incoming direction, the rear retarder 4 is positioned in the train outgoing direction, the front retarder 3 is used for conventional retarding operation, the rear retarder 4 is used as a backup for the front retarder 3, when the front retarder 3 works normally, the rear retarder 4 is laid down in the grooved rail 1 and is lower than the top surface of the rail, wheels cannot press the rear retarder 4, when the front retarder 3 has a dead top and a false top, the rear retarder 4 is used for retarding operation of the train, the structures of the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 are completely the same, the initial states are different, and can be interchanged, and the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 comprise a cylindrical shell assembly 7 and a cylindrical piston assembly 7;

the casing 5 of the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 is installed in the groove rail 1 through an upper group of rotating pins and a lower group of rotating pins, specifically, four pin holes 8 are formed in the side wall of the casing 5 of each retarder, the four pin holes 8 are divided into an upper group and a lower group, the two pin holes 8 in the upper part are symmetrical front and back, the two pin holes 8 in the lower part are symmetrical front and back, when the retarder is in a vertical working state, the position, opposite to the side wall of the groove rail 1, of each pin hole 8 in the casing 5 of the retarder is also provided with one pin hole 8, so that the side wall of the groove rail 1 is provided with eight pin holes 8 in total, the four pin holes 8 in the front side wall, the four rear side walls of the front side wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall are symmetrical front and back, and one pin hole 8 in the casing 5 and one pin hole 8 in the groove rail 1 aligned with the four rear side walls are called as a pair;

the four pairs of pin holes 8 of the front retarder 3 and two pairs of pin holes 8 under the rear retarder 4, a first pin shaft 9 is arranged in each of the six pairs of pin holes 8, the front retarder 3 is arranged in the grooved rail 1 through the four first pin shafts 9, the front retarder 3 cannot rotate or move under the limiting action of the four first pin shafts 9, and the front retarder 3 is equivalently fixedly arranged in the grooved rail 1 under the condition that the pin shafts are not damaged; the outer walls of the two upper first pin shafts 9 of the front retarder 3 are provided with an annular breaking groove 10, the upper two first pin shafts 9 can be broken from the breaking groove 10 under the condition that the front retarder 3 is overloaded by radial force, and after the two first pin shafts 9 are broken, the front retarder 3 can rotate around the lower two first pin shafts 9 and lie in the grooved rail 1;

a torsion spring 11 is arranged on each of two first pin shafts 9 on the rear retarder 4, the torsion springs 11 enable the rear retarder 4 to tend to rotate in a vertical state, a second pin shaft 12 is arranged in each of two upper pin holes 8 on a shell 5 of the rear retarder 4, a first pressure spring 13 is arranged between each second pin shaft 12 and the shell 5, each second pin shaft 12 has a tendency of popping out outwards due to the first pressure spring 13, when the rear retarder 4 is in a lying state, two pairs of upper pin holes 8 of the rear retarder 4 are not aligned, the outer end of each second pin shaft 12 props against the inner wall of the corresponding grooved rail 1 at the moment, each first pressure spring 13 is in a compressed force storage state, when the rear retarder 4 rotates to the vertical state, each second pin shaft 12 is aligned with the corresponding pin hole 8 on the corresponding grooved rail 1, under the action of each first pressure spring 13, each second pin shaft 12 pops out outwards and extends into the corresponding pin hole 8 on the side wall of the corresponding grooved rail 1, the rear retarder 4 is completely limited by the first pin shaft 9 below and the second pin shaft 12 above the rear retarder 4 in a stable state, and the rear retarder 4 works to decelerate the train;

a horizontal air pressure limiting rod is arranged in the groove rail 1, the air pressure limiting rod is positioned between the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 and comprises a first cylinder body 14, a plunger rod 15 is arranged in the first cylinder body 14, the plunger rod 15 extends towards the rear retarder 4 and abuts against the rear retarder 4, when the plunger rod 15 keeps in an extending state, the outer end of the plunger rod 15 abuts against the shell 5 of the rear retarder 4, the rear retarder 4 is in a lying state, the torsion spring 11 on the first pin shaft 9 is in a force storage state, when the inner end of the first cylinder body 14 is decompressed, the rear retarder 4 rotates towards a vertical state under the action of the torsion spring 11, and the rear retarder 4 pushes the plunger to retract into the first cylinder body 14; a first pressure relief unit and a second pressure relief unit are arranged on the first cylinder 14;

the first pressure relief unit comprises a second cylinder body 16 arranged on the first cylinder body 14, the bottom of the second cylinder body 16 is communicated with the first cylinder body 14, the second cylinder body 16 can be integrally cast with the first cylinder body 14, can also be welded with the first cylinder body 14, can also be in threaded connection, can flexibly select a connection mode according to requirements, a second piston 17 is arranged in the second cylinder body 16, a second pressure spring 18 is arranged between the lower end of the second piston 17 and the bottom of the second cylinder body 16, a pressure relief hole 19 is formed in the side wall of the second cylinder body 16, the top of the second cylinder body 16 is communicated with the top of an oil cylinder 6 of the front retarder 3 through a hydraulic hose 20, the oil gas pressure in the front retarder 3 acts on the upper end of the second piston 17 through the hydraulic hose 20 to enable the second piston 17 to move downwards to compress the second pressure spring 18, the second piston 17 is at a lower position at the moment, the pressure relief hole 19 is sealed by the second piston 17, when the pressure in the oil cylinder 6 of the front retarder 3 is reduced, namely the front retarder 3 appears "pushing" when the pressure of the front retarder 3 appears "pushing" and the front pressure relief hole 17 is inserted into the second piston 18, and the pressure relief hole 19 is inserted into the front pressure relief hole, when the pressure relief piston 4 is in the front pressure relief hole, the front pressure relief unit, the front pressure spring 14 is in the front pressure relief hole, and the front retarder 4 can be opened, when the front pressure relief unit 14 is in the front pressure relief unit, the front pressure relief piston 4, and the front pressure relief hole, the front pressure relief unit can be opened, and the front pressure spring can be opened.

The second pressure relief unit comprises a tapered hole 21 formed in the side wall of the first cylinder 14, a tapered plug 22 is arranged in the tapered hole 21, the upper end of the tapered plug 22 is connected with a vertical pressure rod 23, a third pressure spring 24 enabling the tapered plug 22 to reset upwards is arranged on the pressure rod 23, and the pressure rod 23 can be pressed when the front retarder 3 is laid down; when the front retarder 3 is in an upright state, the conical plug 22 is tightly pressed in the conical hole 21 under the action of the third pressure spring 24 and air pressure in the first cylinder body 14 to seal the conical hole 21, when the front retarder 3 is in a 'dead top' state, because the retarder oil cylinder 6 cannot be pressed downwards, the radial thrust on the front retarder 3 is increased sharply when wheels drive, so that the two first pin shafts 9 above are broken off from the broken groove 10, the front retarder 3 rotates around the two first pin shafts 9 below and falls down in the grooved rail 1, the falling front retarder 3 presses the pressure rod 23 to push the conical plug 22 to move downwards, the conical hole 21 is opened, the pressure in the first cylinder body 14 is released, the rear retarder 4 rotates to an upright state, namely, the second pressure release unit enables the rear retarder 4 to be involved in deceleration operation when the front retarder 3 is pushed down in the 'dead top'.

The front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4 can be any existing oil-gas type retarder, the piston assembly 7 comprises a piston rod 26 and a first piston 27, the piston rod 26 coaxially penetrates through the end cover 25, the lower end of the piston rod 26 is fixed at the bottom of the shell 5, the upper end of the piston rod is located in the oil cylinder 6, the first piston 27 is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the piston rod 26, a plurality of through oil holes 28 which are vertically communicated are formed in the first piston 27, a valve plate 29 is mounted above the first piston 27, a fourth pressure spring 30 is mounted between the valve plate 29 and the first piston 27, the fourth pressure spring 30 is compressed by the valve plate 29 and moves downwards to seal the through oil holes 28, a throttling hole 31 which is aligned with the through oil holes 28 is formed in the valve plate 29, and after the through oil holes 28 are sealed, oil in the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber flows through the throttling hole 31; when the train passes through the retarder at a speed lower than the set speed, the valve plate 29 does not seal the oil through hole 28 under the action of the fourth pressure spring 30, the retarder can be pressed down almost without resistance and does not play a role of deceleration, when the train passes through the retarder at a speed higher than the set speed, the pressure in the oil cavity on the oil cylinder 6 is rapidly increased, the valve plate 29 is pushed down to seal the oil through hole 28, the resistance is increased when oil flows through the throttling hole 31, and the retarder plays a role of deceleration on the train.

The piston rod 26 is provided with a limiting shaft shoulder 32 positioned below the first piston 27, the piston rod 26 is screwed with a limiting sleeve 33 through threads, and the first piston 27 is axially locked by the limiting shaft shoulder 32 and the limiting sleeve 33.

The upper end surface of the first piston 27 is provided with a sinking groove 34, the lower end of the fourth pressure spring 30 is arranged in the sinking groove 34, and when the fourth pressure spring 30 is compressed, the valve plate 29 can be completely attached to the upper end surface of the first piston 27.

The outer end of the first pin shaft 9 is screwed into the pin hole 8 on the outer groove rail 1 through threads, the inner end of the first pin shaft 9 on the front retarder 3 is in running fit with the pin hole 8 on the shell 5, and the inner end of the first pin shaft 9 on the front retarder 3 is abutted against the hole bottom of the pin hole 8 on the shell 5, so that the shell 5 of the front retarder 3 can be limited in the front-back direction, the retarder does not have a movable allowance in the front-back direction in the groove rail 1, a space is reserved between the inner ends of the four lower pairs of first pin shafts 9 and the hole bottom of the pin hole 8 on the shell 5, after the first pin shaft 9 on the front retarder 3 is broken, the front retarder 3 has a movable allowance in the front-back direction in the groove rail 1, and can deviate in the direction far away from the rail when the front retarder 3 lies down, so as to avoid interference with the rail, and further ensure that the front retarder 3 can lie down to a position lower than the rail top; the inner end of the second pin shaft 12 and the bottom of the pin hole 8 on the shell 5 are also spaced, so that the rear retarder 4 also has the moving allowance in the front-back direction in the process of lying down and erecting, the interference with the track is avoided, two pin holes 8 corresponding to the second pin shaft 12 on the grooved track 1 are respectively provided with a limiting block 35 fixed on the inner wall of the grooved track 1, the rear retarder 4 is clamped between the two limiting blocks 35 when rotating to the erecting state, and the rear retarder 4 in the erecting state has no moving allowance in the front-back direction or only a small amount of moving allowance, so that the normal work is not influenced.

The initial state of the invention is: the preposed retarder 3 is kept in a vertical working state under the limiting action of four first pin shafts 9 on the preposed retarder, the postposition retarder 4 is in a lying non-working state, a first pressure relief unit and a second pressure relief unit on the air pressure limiting rod are both in a closed state, air pressure is filled in the air pressure limiting rod, a plunger rod 15 of the air pressure limiting rod extends out to abut against the postposition retarder 4, so that the postposition retarder 4 cannot rotate to the vertical state, at the moment, a torsion spring 11 on the pin shaft of the postposition retarder 4 is in a torsion force storage state, the outer end of a second pin shaft 12 abuts against the inner wall of the grooved rail 1, and a first pressure spring 13 is in a compression force storage state.

When the rail is installed on the track, the installation bolt 2 on the groove rail 1 is inserted into a pre-drilled hole on the track, then the other end of the bolt is screwed with a loosening washer and a nut, after the installation is finished, the front retarder 3 works normally to decelerate the train, and under the condition that the front retarder 3 works normally, the rear retarder 4 is always in a non-working state.

If the oil cylinder 6 of the front retarder 3 leaks, the oil-gas pressure in the front retarder 3 is reduced, so that the deceleration resistance of the front retarder 3 is continuously weakened to cause a 'false top' phenomenon, and the deceleration effect of the front retarder 3 on the train is greatly weakened or even completely lost; after the oil gas pressure in the oil cylinder 6 of the front retarder 3 is reduced to a set value, the pressure acting on the upper end of the second piston 17 of the first pressure relief unit through a pipeline is reduced, the second piston 17 moves upwards to cross the pressure relief hole 19 under the action of the second pressure spring 18, the pressure relief hole 19 is opened, the first cylinder body 14 is relieved through the pressure relief hole 19, the pressure at the inner end of the plunger rod 15 is lost, the rear retarder 4 rotates to be in a vertical state under the action of the torsion spring 11 to intervene in the deceleration operation of the train, and the energy-lost front retarder 3 is replaced.

When the front retarder 3 is stuck and cannot be pressed down, the retarder is at a higher position, i.e. a position, as shown in fig. 16, and the component force F of the acting force F of the wheel on the retarder in the horizontal direction, i.e. the radial direction of the retarder is the component force F ₁ Horizontal component F significantly greater than position two ₁ Namely, the higher the position of the retarder is, the greater the radial thrust of the wheel pair retarder is; however, when the retarder works normally, the retarder can be continuously pressed down when the wheel moves forwards, so the radial thrust can be continuously reduced and cannot exceed a certain extreme value, and once the 'dead top' phenomenon that the retarder cannot be pressed down occurs, the wheel continues to run after contacting the retarder, so the radial thrust can be increased sharply, if the retarder is kept still, the wheel can be jacked up, so the derailment accident is easy to occur, but in the invention, once the radial thrust exceeds the bearing limit of the first pin shaft 9 on the front retarder 3, the first pin shaft 9 can be broken at the breaking groove 10, after the first pin shaft 9 is broken, the rotation locking of the front retarder 3 is contacted, and the front retarder 3 can rotate around the first pin shaft 9 belowThe wheels are pushed down in the groove rail 1, so that the wheels are prevented from being jacked up, and derailment accidents can be avoided.

When the front retarder 3 is pushed down, the pressure rod 23 of the second pressure relief unit is pressed down, the conical plug 22 is pressed down, the conical hole 21 is opened, the first cylinder 14 is relieved through the conical hole 21, the rear retarder 4 rotates to a vertical working state, and the front retarder 3 which is laid down is replaced to intervene in the speed reduction work.

After the rear retarder 4 is erected, the front retarder 3 is proved to be invalid, railway personnel need to detach the front retarder 3 from the grooved rail 1 for maintenance during inspection, the front retarder is installed in the grooved rail 1 again after maintenance is finished, then the second pin shaft 12 of the rear retarder 4 is pushed inwards to enable the front retarder to withdraw from the pin hole 8 of the grooved rail 1, the rear retarder 4 is laid down, and the plunger cylinder is inflated in the first cylinder body 14 to enable the plunger cylinder to abut against the rear retarder 4 to keep the lying state.

When the front retarder 3 is dismounted, the rear retarder 4 can be dismounted and replaced on the position of the front retarder 3, and the front retarder 3 after maintenance or replacement is mounted on the position of the rear retarder 4, so that on one hand, the total working time between the two retarders is balanced in time to enable the total working time to reach the similar service life, and on the other hand, the retarder after maintenance or replacement is used as the rear retarder 4 to better ensure the functional integrity of the rear retarder 4 so as to more reliably replace the incapability of the front retarder 3.

The invention is provided with the front retarder 3 and the rear retarder 4, no matter the front retarder 3 generates a 'false top' phenomenon or a 'dead top' phenomenon, the rear retarder 4 can quickly start to compensate the incapacity of the front retarder 3, thereby ensuring the safe deceleration of the train when the train slides and marshalls, and the front retarder 3 can be pushed by wheels to lie down in the groove rail 1 when the 'dead top' occurs, thereby preventing the train from having a wheel jump derailment accident and improving the safety of the train when the train slides and marshalls.

Claims (7)

1. The double-cylinder retarder for the train marshalling station is characterized by comprising a grooved rail (1) with a U-shaped section, wherein a mounting bolt (2) is arranged on the outer side wall of the grooved rail (1), a front retarder (3) and a rear retarder (4) are arranged in the grooved rail (1), the front retarder (3) is located in the incoming direction of a train, the rear retarder (4) is located in the outgoing direction of the train, and the front retarder (3) and the rear retarder (4) respectively comprise a cylindrical shell (5), an oil cylinder (6) and a piston assembly (7); the side wall of the shell (5) of each retarder is provided with four pin holes (8), the four pin holes (8) are divided into an upper group and a lower group, the two pin holes (8) at the upper part are symmetrical front and back, the two pin holes (8) at the lower part are symmetrical front and back, when the retarder is in a vertical working state, the side wall of the grooved rail (1) opposite to each pin hole (8) on the shell (5) of the retarder is also provided with one pin hole (8), and one pin hole (8) on the shell (5) and one pin hole (8) on the grooved rail (1) opposite to the pin hole are called as a pair; four pairs of pin holes (8) of the front retarder (3) and two pairs of pin holes (8) of the rear retarder (4) are arranged below the front retarder, and a first pin shaft (9) is arranged in each of the six pairs of pin holes (8); an annular breaking groove (10) is formed in the outer walls of two first pin shafts (9) on the front retarder (3); two first pin shafts (9) on the rear retarder (4) are respectively provided with a torsion spring (11), the torsion springs (11) enable the rear retarder (4) to have a tendency of rotating in a vertical state, two second pin shafts (12) are respectively arranged in two upper pin holes (8) on a shell (5) of the rear retarder (4), a first pressure spring (13) is arranged between each second pin shaft (12) and the shell (5), and the first pressure springs (13) enable the second pin shafts (12) to have a tendency of popping outwards;

a horizontal air pressure limiting rod is arranged in the groove rail (1), the air pressure limiting rod is positioned between the front retarder (3) and the rear retarder (4), the air pressure limiting rod comprises a first cylinder body (14), a plunger rod (15) is arranged in the first cylinder body (14), and the outer end of the plunger rod (15) abuts against the rear retarder (4); the first pressure relief unit and the second pressure relief unit are arranged on the first cylinder body (14), the first pressure relief unit enables the first cylinder body (14) to relieve pressure when the front retarder (3) generates 'virtual top', and the second pressure relief unit enables the first cylinder body (14) to relieve pressure when the front retarder (3) generates 'dead top'.

2. The double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station according to claim 1, wherein the first pressure relief unit comprises a second cylinder (16) with the bottom communicated with the first cylinder (14), a second piston (17) is arranged in the second cylinder (16), a second pressure spring (18) is arranged at the lower end of the second piston (17), a pressure relief hole (19) is formed in the side wall of the second cylinder (16), and the top of the second cylinder (16) is communicated with the top of the oil cylinder (6) of the front retarder (3) through a hydraulic hose (20).

3. The second pressure relief unit comprises a taper hole (21) formed in the side wall of the first cylinder body (14), a taper plug (22) is arranged in the taper hole (21), the upper end of the taper plug (22) is connected with a vertical pressure rod (23), a third pressure spring (24) enabling the taper plug (22) to reset upwards is arranged on the pressure rod (23), and the pressure rod (23) can be pressed down when the front retarder (3) lies down.

4. The double-cylinder retarder for the train marshalling station according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder (6) is coaxially slidably disposed in the housing (5), the bottom of the cylinder (6) is provided with a sealed end cover (25), the piston assembly (7) comprises a piston rod (26) and a first piston (27), the piston rod (26) coaxially penetrates the end cover (25), the lower end of the piston rod (26) is fixed at the bottom of the housing (5), the upper end of the piston rod is disposed in the cylinder (6), the first piston (27) is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the piston rod (26), the first piston (27) is provided with a plurality of through oil holes (28) which are vertically through, a valve plate (29) is disposed above the first piston (27), a fourth compression spring (30) is disposed between the valve plate (29) and the first piston (27), the valve plate (29) compresses the fourth compression spring (30) to move downward to seal the through oil holes (28), a throttle hole (31) aligned with the through oil hole (28) is formed in the valve plate (29), and oil in the upper and the lower oil chamber (31) flows through the throttle hole (31) after the oil hole (28) is sealed.

5. The double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station as claimed in claim 4, wherein the piston rod (26) is provided with a limiting shoulder (32) located below the first piston (27), the piston rod (26) is screwed with a limiting sleeve (33), and the first piston (27) is axially locked by the limiting shoulder (32) and the limiting sleeve (33).

6. The double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end surface of the first piston (27) is provided with a sunken groove (34), and the lower end of the fourth compression spring (30) is arranged in the sunken groove (34).

7. The double-cylinder retarder for a train marshalling station according to claim 1, wherein the outer ends of the first pins (9) are screwed into the pin holes (8) on the outer groove rail (1) through threads, the inner ends of the first pins are rotatably matched with the pin holes (8) on the shell (5), the inner end of the upper first pin (9) on the preposed retarder (3) is abutted against the hole bottom of the pin hole (8) on the shell (5), and a gap is reserved between the inner ends of the lower four pairs of first pins (9) and the hole bottom of the pin hole (8) on the shell (5); there is also the interval between pinhole (8) bottom on second round pin axle (12) inner and casing (5), and two pinhole (8) departments that correspond with second round pin axle (12) on grooved rail (1) all are equipped with one and fix stopper (35) at grooved rail (1) inner wall, and rear retarder (4) rotate and press from both sides between two stopper (35) when standing up the state.

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