CN115511312A - Power grid planning method and device and readable storage medium - Google Patents

Power grid planning method and device and readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN115511312A
CN115511312A CN202211196409.6A CN202211196409A CN115511312A CN 115511312 A CN115511312 A CN 115511312A CN 202211196409 A CN202211196409 A CN 202211196409A CN 115511312 A CN115511312 A CN 115511312A
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赵朗
彭冬
曾沅
薛雅玮
王雪莹
刘宏杨
张天琪
李一铮
盛浩
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State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co ltd Ji'an Power Supply Branch
Tianjin University
State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The disclosure provides a power grid planning method, a power grid planning device and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a power grid network structure, and collecting network parameters related to the power grid network structure, wherein the power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is arranged between every two nodes; determining the total investment cost of the lines of the power grid network structure, the total operation cost of the lines, the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power quantity and the total loss cost of the abandoned light power quantity according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters; determining the power grid operation efficiency of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure; establishing a target function of a power grid network structure according to the total investment cost, the total operation cost, the wind power abandoning loss cost, the light power abandoning loss cost and the power grid operation efficiency of the line; and solving the target function, and determining the optimal solution of the target function to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, wherein the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint.

Description

Power grid planning method and device and readable storage medium
Reference to related applications
The present application claims the priority of the chinese patent application entitled "a power grid planning method" filed by 2022, month 02 and 15 to the chinese intellectual property office, application No. 202210139628.4, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of power grid planning, in particular to a power grid planning method and device and a readable storage medium.
Background
The traditional power grid planning method generally achieves the optimal economic efficiency on the basis of meeting the newly added load. However, the transmission efficiency of the newly-built net rack is less concerned about whether the transmission efficiency is optimal, so that the load level of part of lines is higher and part of lines are in a light-load state. In addition, in the existing power grid planning method, the result of the new energy random operation simulation cannot be effectively linked with the power flow calculation in the power grid planning, and the electric quantity loss caused by insufficient new energy consumption due to the grid structure is not really reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a power grid planning method, so as to solve the technical problems that a new energy random operation simulation result cannot be effectively linked with power flow calculation in power grid planning, and electric quantity loss caused by insufficient new energy consumption due to a grid structure is not really reflected, so that a power grid planning scheme with a more reasonable power grid network structure can be effectively selected. The disclosure also provides a power grid planning device and a readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present disclosure provides a power grid planning method, including: constructing a power grid network structure, and collecting network parameters related to the power grid network structure, wherein the power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is arranged between every two nodes; determining the total investment cost of the lines of the power grid network structure, the total operation cost of the lines, the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power and the total loss cost of the abandoned light power according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters; determining the power grid operation efficiency of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure; establishing a target function of a power grid network structure according to the total investment cost, the total operation cost, the wind power abandoning loss cost, the light power abandoning loss cost and the power grid operation efficiency of the line; and solving the target function, and determining the optimal solution of the target function to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, wherein the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation formula of the total investment cost of the line includes:
Figure BDA0003866528950000021
wherein, C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, r 0 Showing the discount rate, m showing the depreciation age of the line, i, j showing the node number, n ij Representing the number of newly added lines between the node i and the node j, c representing the unit investment cost (yuan/km) of the lines, L ij Representing the length of the line between node i and node j (km), N B Representing a set of nodes, X ij And indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be built, and taking the value of 1 or 0.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the total operation cost of the line comprises:
Figure BDA0003866528950000022
wherein, C o Representing the total operation cost of the line, d representing operation scenes, k representing the number of operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, c price Represents the total electricity price (yuan/kWh), P, of the power system loss Representing the active network loss, Δ t, of the power system lossd Representing the elapsed time of the operational scenario.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the active network loss of the power system comprises:
Figure BDA0003866528950000023
wherein, P loss Active network for representing an electric power systemLoss of P lossij Representing the active network loss between the node i and the node j, i and j represent the node number, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, the value is 1 or 0 ij Represents the equivalent resistance (omega), S between node i and node j ij Denotes the transmission power (kVA) between node i and node j, U denotes the rated voltage, N B Representing a set of nodes.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power amount comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003866528950000031
wherein, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, c w Indicating the price of wind power on-line electricity (yuan/kWh), E WAP Representing the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the wind curtailment phenomenon, d representing the operation scenes, k representing the number of the operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, m d Represents the duration days of the wind curtailment phenomenon under the operation scene d, t represents the days, n t Denotes the duration of the wind curtailment phenomenon on day t, P wd (t) represents the average wind power output value P of the t day under the operation scene d lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the total loss cost of the light curtailment electric quantity comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003866528950000032
wherein, C SS The total loss cost of the light abandoning electricity quantity is shown, cs is the electricity price (yuan/kWh) of the photovoltaic grid, E SAP Represents the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the photovoltaic phenomenon, d represents the number of operation scenes, k is an integer of 1 or more, and m d Represents the duration of the light-leaving phenomenon under the operation scene d, t represents the number of days, n t Denotes the duration of the light rejection phenomenon on day t, P sd (t) represents the average photovoltaic output value on the t day under the operation scene d, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the total maximum power limit of the power grid comprises:
Figure BDA0003866528950000033
wherein, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit, P, of the grid lim Representing the maximum transmission power, N, of a single line B Representing a set of nodes, i, j representing a node number, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be built, the value is 1 or 0 ij Indicating the number of newly added lines between node i and node j.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation formula of the power grid operation efficiency comprises:
Figure BDA0003866528950000034
where η represents the grid operating efficiency, ω ij Representing a topological objective weight, η, of a line between node i and node j ij Representing the load factor, P, of the line between node i and node j ij Representing the actual active power (kW), P, of the line transmission between node i and node j Ge Indicating a stable power control limit (kW), P, of the power supply line LW Representing the economic transmission power (kW), N of the grid network structure line B Represents a set of nodes, N GB Representing a collection of nodes that are generator nodes.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the objective function is established by the following equation:
Figure BDA0003866528950000041
wherein F (X) represents an objective function value of an unknown variable X according to whether a line between a node i and a node j is constructed, and C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, C o Represents the total operating cost of the line, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, C SS Representing the total loss cost of the light rejection power, and 77 representing the operating efficiency of the power grid.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the grid operation constraints comprise: power balance constraints, node voltage constraints, unit output constraints and line transmission capacity constraints.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a power grid planning apparatus, including: the system comprises a construction module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the construction module is used for constructing a power grid network structure and collecting network parameters related to the power grid network structure, the power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is arranged between every two nodes; the first determining module is used for determining the total investment cost, the total operation cost, the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power and the total loss cost of the abandoned light power of the line of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters; the second determining module is used for determining the power grid operation efficiency of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure; the establishing module is used for establishing a target function of a power grid network structure according to the total investment cost of the line, the total operation cost of the line, the abandoned wind power loss cost, the abandoned light power loss cost and the power grid operation efficiency; and the obtaining module is used for solving the target function and determining the optimal solution of the target function so as to obtain the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, wherein the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint.
Another aspect of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the above-described method.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the influence of uncertainty of two new energy sources of wind and light and operation efficiency of a power grid network structure on power grid planning is considered by the power grid planning method provided by the disclosure, the effective connection between a new energy random operation simulation result and load flow calculation in power grid planning is realized, the electric quantity loss caused by insufficient consumption of the new energy due to a grid structure is truly reflected, a power grid planning scheme with a more reasonable power grid network structure can be effectively selected, and the operation efficiency and economy of a power grid can be better balanced comprehensively.
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Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a method of power grid planning according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a constructed grid network architecture diagram in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
3 (a) -3 (d) schematically illustrate wind power continuous output graphs in various operating scenarios according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
4 (a) -4 (d) schematically illustrate graphs of sustained photovoltaic output for various operating scenarios in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an optimized grid network architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optimal grid network structure determined by a conventional grid planning method;
fig. 7 schematically shows a block diagram of a power grid planning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
fig. 8 schematically shows a block diagram of an electronic device adapted to implement a grid planning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
In the related art, the traditional power grid planning focuses more on the requirements of power grid reliability and economic optimization, and little attention is paid to the influence of new energy uncertainty and grid structure efficiency on the power grid network structure and further on the transmission efficiency.
The utility model provides a planning method for considering new energy uncertainty to the power grid network structure, adopts and considers new energy uncertainty to plan the power grid network structure, thereby makes the operating efficiency and the economic nature of electric wire netting reach the balance.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a method of power grid planning according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes operations S101 to S105.
In operation S101, a power grid network structure is constructed and network parameters related to the power grid network structure are collected, wherein the power grid network structure includes a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is provided between every two nodes.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, constructing the power grid network structure may include planning a plurality of new lines which may be operated in the lines between the nodes of the existing power grid network structure, and may also include constructing a new power grid network structure of a plurality of new lines which may be operated between the nodes.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each grid network structure has associated network parameters, which may include: the load of each node in the power grid network structure, the new energy power generation parameters, the impedance parameters of each line, the maximum active power which can be passed through each line, the line length of each line and the like.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, each node can be understood as a generator, a power supply, a fan, a photovoltaic machine and other units. At least one new way may be included between any two nodes.
In operation S102, a total investment cost of the lines of the grid network structure, a total operation cost of the lines, a total loss cost of the abandoned wind power amount, and a total loss cost of the abandoned light power amount are determined according to the grid network structure and the network parameters.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the total line investment cost of the power grid network structure may be the sum of the investment costs of the newly-built new line between the nodes, and may be denoted as C I 。C I The calculation formula can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000061
wherein, C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, r 0 Representing the discount rate, m representing the depreciation age of the line, i, j representing the node number, n ij Representing the number of newly added lines between the node i and the node j, c representing a line sheetInvestment cost (Yuan/km), L ij Indicating the length of the line between node i and node j (km), N B Representing a set of nodes, X ij And indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, and taking the value as 1 or 0.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when X ij When the value is 1, the line between the node i and the node j needs to be built; when X is present ij And when the value is 0, the link between the node i and the node j is not required to be established.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the total operating cost of the line may be the sum of the operating costs of the line between the nodes. That is, the operating loss cost of the unit at each node during normal use during its life cycle can be denoted as C o 。C o The calculation formula can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000062
wherein, C o Representing the total operation cost of the line, d representing operation scenes, k representing the number of operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, c price Represents the total electricity price (yuan/kWh), P, of the power system loss Representing the active network loss, Δ t, of the power system lossd Representing the elapsed time of the operational scenario.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the operation scene can be an operation environment of the power grid network structure, and the operation scene can be divided according to the maximum operation mode of the power grid network structure in seasons, for example, the operation scene can be divided into a summer maximum operation mode, a summer minimum operation mode, a winter maximum operation mode and a winter minimum operation mode; the operation modes can be divided according to the maximum operation mode of the power grid network structure in each day, and the like, and specific operation scenes can be set according to actual requirements, which are not described in detail herein.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power system has an active network loss P loss The calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000071
wherein, P loss Representing the active network loss, P, of the power system lossij Representing the active network loss between node i and node j, i and j representing the node numbers, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be built, the value is 1 or 0 ij Represents the equivalent resistance (omega), S between node i and node j ij Represents the transmission power (kVA) between node i and node j, U represents the rated voltage, N B Representing a set of nodes.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the wind power abandonment amount can be the portion of the wind power which can be generated by the wind power plant due to technical constraints, grid network structure constraints and the like but must be abandoned. The total loss cost of the abandoned wind power can be expressed as C WS 。C WS The calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000072
wherein, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, c w Indicating the price of wind power on-line electricity (yuan/kWh), E WAP Representing the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the wind curtailment phenomenon, d representing the operation scenes, k representing the number of the operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, m d Represents the duration days of the wind curtailment phenomenon under the operation scene d, t represents the days, n t Denotes the duration of the wind curtailment phenomenon on day t, P wd (t) represents the average wind power output value P of the t day under the operation scene d lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the light abandoning amount can be a value obtained by subtracting the difference of the sum of the maximum transmission electric quantity and the sum of the absorption electric quantity of the power system from the generated electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station. The total loss cost of the light curtailment energy can be expressed as C SS 。C SS The calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000081
wherein, C SS Representing the total loss cost of the light rejected s Representing the photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price (yuan/kWh), E SAP Represents the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the photovoltaic phenomenon, d represents the number of operation scenes, k is an integer of 1 or more, and m d Represents the duration of the light-leaving phenomenon in the operation scene d, t represents the number of days, n t Denotes the duration of the light rejection phenomenon on day t, P sd (t) represents the average photovoltaic output value on the t day under the operation scene d, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the total maximum power limit P of the power grid in the calculation formulas (5) to (6) lim-total The calculation formula of (c) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000082
wherein, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit, P, of the grid lim Representing the maximum transmission power, N, of a single line B Representing a set of nodes, i, j representing a node number, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, the value is 1 or 0 ij Indicating the number of newly added lines between node i and node j.
In operation S103, a grid operating efficiency of the grid network structure is determined based on the grid network structure.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, a power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, each node is provided with a unit, and the unit can comprise a generator, a power supply, a fan, a photovoltaic machine and the like.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the grid operating efficiency may be an operating efficiency of the entire grid network structure, which may be denoted as η. The formula for η can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000083
where η represents the grid operating efficiency, ω ij Representing a topological objective weight, η, of a line between node i and node j ij Representing the load factor, P, of the line between node i and node j ij Representing the actual active power (kW), P, of the line transmission between node i and node j Ge Indicating a stable power control limit (kW), P, of the power supply line LW Representing the economic transmission power (kW), N of the grid network structure line B Represents a set of nodes, N GB Representing a collection of nodes that are generator nodes.
In operation S104, an objective function of the power grid network structure is established according to the total investment cost of the line, the total operation cost of the line, the wind curtailment power loss cost, the light curtailment power loss cost, and the power grid operation efficiency.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the above calculation formulas (1) to (7) are all equal to the variable X ij The associated calculation relation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the variable X is related to ij And a related calculation formula is used for establishing an objective function of the power grid network structure considering the uncertainty of the new energy of the wind power and the photovoltaic and the operation efficiency of the power grid.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the objective function may be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000091
wherein F (X) represents an objective function value with the unknown variable X as to whether a line between the node i and the node j is established, C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, C o Represents the total operating cost of the line, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, C SS The total loss cost of the light abandon electric quantity is shown, and eta represents the operation efficiency of the power grid.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned objective function expression formula (8) is constructed by the above-mentioned formulas (1) to (7), and as can be seen from the formulas (1) to (7), the formulas (1) to (7) relate to the variable X ij As a function of (a) or (b),the objective function (8) is also related to the variable X ij And determining whether any line in the power grid network structure needs to be constructed or not through the construction of the target function, and determining which line can construct the optimal power grid network structure.
In operation S105, the objective function is solved, and an optimal solution of the objective function is determined, so as to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, where the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure satisfies a power grid operation constraint.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the objective function is solved, and the optimal solution of the objective function can be determined by utilizing the calculation of an optimization algorithm. Wherein the optimization algorithm may comprise a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the optimal solution of the objective function can be characterized as a finally obtained planning scheme of the network structure of the target power grid. The planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint. Wherein the grid operating constraints may include: power balance constraints, node voltage constraints, unit output constraints and line transmission capacity constraints.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the power balance constraint may be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003866528950000101
wherein, P G，i Represents the active power output (kW), Q of the power supply at node i G，i Representing the reactive power (kVar), P, of the power supply at node i L，i Representing the active load (kW), Q of node i L，i Representing the reactive load (kVar), U of node i i Representing the voltage (kV), U of node i j Voltage (kV), G, representing node j ij Representing the conductance between nodes i and j, B ij Denotes the susceptance, θ, between nodes i and j ij Representing the phase angle difference between nodes i and j.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the node voltage constraint may be a voltage constraint of the unit at each node, and may be represented as:
U i，min ≤U i ≤U i，max (10)
wherein, U i Representing the voltage (kV), U of node i i，min Represents the lower voltage limit, U, of node i i，max Representing the upper voltage limit of node i.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the above formula (10), the node voltage constraint indicates that the unit including the node i and the node j in the grid network structure needs to satisfy the node voltage constraint.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the output constraint of the node unit may be an active output constraint of each node unit, which may be expressed as:
P G，i min ≤P G，i ≤P G，i max (11)
wherein, P G，i Representing the active power (kW), P of the power supply at node i G，i min Represents the lower limit, P, of the active power of the power supply at node i G，i max Representing the upper limit of the active power output of the power supply at node i.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the above formula (11), the node unit output constraint indicates that the unit at each node in the grid network structure, that is, the unit including the node i and the node j, needs to satisfy the node unit output constraint.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the line transmission capacity constraint may be a transmission power constraint of a line between node i and node j, which may be expressed as:
P ij ≤P ij，max (12)
wherein, P ij Representing the transmission power, P, of the line between node i and node j ij，max Representing the maximum transmission power of the line between node i and node j.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the influence of uncertainty of two new energy sources of wind and light and operation efficiency of a power grid network structure on power grid planning is considered by the power grid planning method provided by the disclosure, the effective connection between a new energy random operation simulation result and load flow calculation in power grid planning is realized, the electric quantity loss caused by insufficient consumption of the new energy due to a grid structure is truly reflected, a power grid planning scheme with a more reasonable power grid network structure can be effectively selected, and the operation efficiency and economy of a power grid can be better balanced comprehensively.
Taking a power grid network structure constructed after planning a plurality of new lines which can be operated in the lines among the nodes of the existing power grid network structure and collecting relevant network parameters of the constructed power grid network structure as an example, the operation scene can take a summer maximum operation mode (called summer maximum for short), a summer minimum operation mode (called summer minimum for short), a winter maximum operation mode (called winter maximum for short) and a winter minimum operation mode (called winter minimum for short) as an example, and the method can achieve better comprehensive balance of the operation efficiency and the economical efficiency of the power grid. It should be noted that the examples are only illustrative and do not limit the scope of the disclosure.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a constructed grid network structure diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 2, each number in the graph indicates nodes on both sides of a line, a line may be included between the nodes, or multiple lines may be included between the nodes, or an existing established line or a newly added operable line, each node has a unit, and the unit may include a generator, a power supply, a fan, a photovoltaic machine, and the like.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, the unit investment cost c of the newly established line in fig. 2 is 28 ten thousand yuan/km and the electricity price c price 0.6 yuan/kWh, wind power on-line price c w 0.35 yuan/kWh, photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price c s 1.45 yuan/kWh.
Fig. 3 (a) -3 (d) schematically show graphs of continuous output of wind power under various operating scenarios according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, when a wind power plant is accessed at a node 14, and the installed capacity of a fan is limited to 600MW, the conventional generator sets generate electricity with the minimum output. Because the wind resource characteristics are different in different scenes, the wind power output characteristics are different in each scene. As shown in fig. 3 (a) -3 (d), the wind power continuous output varies with time in each operation scene, where fig. 3 (a) -3 (d) are a wind power continuous output curve in scene 1 (in the "big summer" operation scene), a wind power continuous output curve in scene 2 (in the "small summer" operation scene), a wind power continuous output curve in scene 3 (in the "big winter" operation scene), and a wind power continuous output curve in scene 4 (in the "small winter" operation scene), respectively.
In FIG. 3 (a), P according to an embodiment of the present disclosure lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid, 0.6P d1 max Represents the maximum output of the fan in scene 1; by analogy, P in FIG. 3 (b) -FIG. 3 (d) lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid, 0.5P d2 max 、0.8P d3 max 、0.7P d4 max Representing the maximum output of the fan in scenarios 2, 3, 4, respectively.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a graph of sustained photovoltaic output for various operating scenarios in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, an optical electric field is connected to a node 11, and the upper limit of the installation capacity of the photovoltaic generator is 540MW, and the conventional photovoltaic generator set generates power according to the minimum output. Due to the fact that light resource characteristics are different in different scenes, photovoltaic output characteristics are different in each scene. As shown in fig. 4 (a) -4 (d), the photovoltaic sustained output varies with time for each operating scenario. Fig. 4 (a) -4 (d) respectively show a scene 1 (in the "big summer" operating scene) pv continuous output curve, a scene 2 (in the "small summer" operating scene) pv continuous output curve, a scene 3 (in the "big winter" operating scene) pv continuous output curve, and a scene 4 (in the "small winter" operating scene) pv continuous output curve.
In FIG. 4 (a), P according to an embodiment of the present disclosure lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid, 0.9P d1 max Represents the maximum contribution of the photovoltaic in scene 1; by analogy, P in FIG. 4 (b) -FIG. 4 (d) lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid, 0.85P d2 max 、0.95P d3 max 、0.87P d4 max Representing the maximum contribution of the photovoltaic in scenes 2, 3, 4, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, network parameters related to the grid network structure of fig. 2 are gathered for the fig. 2 line. As shown in tables 1 and 2. Wherein, table 1 represents the network parameters in the grid network structure of fig. 2; table 2 shows the data associated with each node in the grid network structure of fig. 2.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003866528950000121
Figure BDA0003866528950000131
TABLE 2
Node point Capacity of generated electricity Load capacity Node point Capacity of generated electricity Load capacity
1 0 55 10 750 94
2 360 84 11 540 700
3 0 154 12 0 190
4 0 33 13 0 110
5 760 639 14 600 32
6 0 199 15 0 200
7 0 213 16 495 132
8 0 88 17 0 400
9 0 259 18 142 0
In the following, for the power grid network structure constructed as described above and the collected related networks, after the optimal power grid planning scheme is confirmed according to the power grid planning scheme of the present disclosure and the conventional planning method, the comparison between the power grid operation efficiency and the economic balance is performed.
Example (b):
fig. 5 schematically illustrates an optimal grid network structure diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, fig. 5 shows a target power grid network structure obtained by fully considering the loss of the abandoned wind and the loss of the abandoned light and the influence of the operation efficiency of the power grid network structure by the power grid planning method of the disclosure based on the consideration of economy and by performing optimal solution on an objective function by using a particle swarm algorithm, wherein the population number can be set to 30 and the maximum iteration number can be 100.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the power grid network structure in fig. 5, the cost of each index in each operation scene is calculated according to each index calculation formula, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Scene Line investment (Wanyuan) Loss of network (ten thousand) Abandon the wind and abandon the light expense (Wanyuan) Net rack operating efficiency
Summer dao 7040.41 136.15 4349.80 59.85
Small in summer 7040.41 145.49 3302.25 65.93
Big in winter 7040.41 134.51 6096.00 58.82
All-grass of dwarf winter 7040.41 137.25 4219.35 62.96
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, since the probabilities of occurrence of various operation scenarios are considered to be equal, the total index of the optimal power grid network structure determined by using the power grid planning method of the disclosure can be obtained as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0003866528950000141
Comparative example:
fig. 6 schematically shows an optimal power grid network structure diagram determined by a conventional power grid planning method.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, fig. 6 is a power grid structure diagram obtained by utilizing a traditional power grid planning method, considering the optimal economy, and adopting a particle swarm optimization to solve on the basis of not considering the loss of the wind and light abandonment and the operation efficiency of the power grid network structure, wherein the population number can be set to 30, and the maximum iteration number can be 100.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the power grid network structure in fig. 6, the cost of each index in each operation scenario is calculated according to each index calculation formula, as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Scene Line investment (Wanyuan) Loss cost of network (Wanyuan) Abandon the wind and light expenses (Wanyuan)
Summer dada 6602.71 167.15 6449.80
Small in summer 6602.71 185.25 5602.25
Big in winter 6602.71 164.51 6196.00
All-grass of dwarf winter 6602.71 175.49 5867.27
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, since it is considered that the occurrence probabilities of various operation scenarios are equal, the total index of the optimal power grid network structure determined by using the conventional power grid planning method can be obtained as shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0003866528950000151
The various indices of the grid network structures according to the examples of the present disclosure and the conventional comparative examples are compared as shown in table 7.
TABLE 7
Figure BDA0003866528950000152
As can be seen from table 7, a double loop needs to be established between node 14 and node 15, whereas this line is not present in the comparative example. The loss of the abandoned wind and abandoned light caused in the comparative example is serious, and the planning scheme in the embodiment of the disclosure increases the wind power and photoelectric sending-out channels, thereby solving the problem of line overload, enabling the line to run in a more economic state, and realizing better comprehensive balance of the running efficiency and economy of the power grid.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the power grid planning scheme is provided based on consideration of the operating efficiency of the power grid and the uncertainty of new energy, the power grid planning method can effectively select the power grid planning scheme with a more reasonable power grid network structure, so that the operating efficiency and economy of the power grid are better balanced comprehensively, the problem of serious loss of abandoned wind and abandoned light caused by wind power photoelectric access is solved, and the power grid planning method has practical significance.
Fig. 7 schematically shows a block diagram of a power grid planning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus may include: a building module 701, a first determining module 702, a second determining module 703, a building module 704 and an obtaining module 705.
The building module 701 is configured to build a power grid network structure and collect network parameters related to the power grid network structure, where the power grid network structure includes a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is provided between every two nodes.
The first determining module 702 is configured to determine, according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters, a total investment cost of a line of the power grid network structure, a total operating cost of the line, a total loss cost of wind curtailment electricity, and a total loss cost of light curtailment electricity.
The second determining module 703 is configured to determine the grid operating efficiency of the grid network structure according to the grid network structure.
The establishing module 704 is configured to establish an objective function of the power grid network structure according to the total investment cost of the line, the total operation cost of the line, the abandoned wind power loss cost, the abandoned light power loss cost, and the power grid operation efficiency.
The obtaining module 705 is configured to solve the objective function, and determine an optimal solution of the objective function to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, where the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets a power grid operation constraint.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, any multiple of the building module 701, the first determining module 702, the second determining module 703, the establishing module 704, and the obtaining module 705 may be combined and implemented in one module, or any one of the modules may be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules may be combined with at least part of the functionality of the other modules and implemented in one module. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the building module 701, the first determining module 702, the second determining module 703, the establishing module 704, and the obtaining module 705 may be implemented at least partially as a hardware circuit, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be implemented by hardware or firmware in any other reasonable manner of integrating or packaging a circuit, or implemented by any one of three implementations of software, hardware, and firmware, or in a suitable combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of the building module 701, the first determining module 702, the second determining module 703, the establishing module 704 and the obtaining module 705 may be at least partly implemented as a computer program module, which when executed may perform a corresponding function.
Fig. 8 schematically shows a block diagram of an electronic device adapted to implement a grid planning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 8, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 801 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 802 or a program loaded from a storage section 808 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 803. The processor 801 may include, for example, a general purpose microprocessor (e.g., CPU), an instruction set processor and/or associated chipset, and/or a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)), among others. The processor 801 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 801 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flows according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
In the RAM803, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 800 are stored. The processor 801, the ROM 802, and the RAM803 are connected to each other by a bus 804. The processor 801 performs various operations of the method flow according to the embodiments of the present disclosure by executing programs in the ROM 802 and/or the RAM 803. Note that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 802 and RAM 803. The processor 801 may also perform various operations of method flows according to embodiments of the present disclosure by executing programs stored in the one or more memories.
Electronic device 800 may also include input/output (I/O) interface 805, input/output (I/O) interface 805 also connected to bus 804, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Electronic device 800 may also include one or more of the following components connected to I/O interface 805: an input portion 806 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output section 807 including a signal such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage section 808 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 809 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 809 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. A drive 810 is also connected to the I/O interface 805 as needed. A removable medium 811 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 810 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted on the storage section 808 as necessary.
The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be contained in the apparatus/device/system described in the above embodiments; or may exist separately and not be assembled into the device/apparatus/system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs which, when executed, implement the method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, which may include, for example but is not limited to: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 802 and/or RAM803 described above and/or one or more memories other than the ROM 802 and RAM 803.
Embodiments of the present disclosure also include a computer program product comprising a computer program containing program code for performing the method illustrated in the flow chart. When the computer program product runs in a computer system, the program code is used for causing the computer system to realize the item recommendation method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.
The computer program performs the above-described functions defined in the system/apparatus of the embodiments of the present disclosure when executed by the processor 801. The systems, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. described above may be implemented by computer program modules according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
In one embodiment, the computer program may be hosted on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or the like. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted in the form of a signal on a network medium, distributed, downloaded and installed via communication section 809, and/or installed from removable media 811. The computer program containing program code may be transmitted using any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication section 809 and/or installed from the removable medium 811. The computer program, when executed by the processor 801, performs the above-described functions defined in the system of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. described above may be implemented by computer program modules according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, program code for executing computer programs provided by embodiments of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, and in particular, these computer programs may be implemented using high level procedural and/or object oriented programming languages, and/or assembly/machine languages. The programming language includes, but is not limited to, programming languages such as Java, C + +, python, the "C" language, or the like. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In situations involving remote computing devices, the remote computing devices may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to external computing devices (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider).
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that features described in various embodiments of the disclosure may be combined in various combinations and/or subcombinations, even if such combinations or subcombinations are not expressly described in the disclosure. In particular, the features recited in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be variously combined and/or coupled without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure. All such combinations and/or associations are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure in detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

1. A method of power grid planning, comprising:
constructing a power grid network structure, and collecting network parameters related to the power grid network structure, wherein the power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is arranged between every two nodes;
determining the total investment cost, the total operation cost, the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power and the total loss cost of the abandoned light power of the line of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters;
determining the power grid operation efficiency of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure;
establishing an objective function of the power grid network structure according to the total investment cost of the line, the total operation cost of the line, the abandoned wind power loss cost, the abandoned light power loss cost and the power grid operation efficiency;
and solving the objective function, and determining the optimal solution of the objective function to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, wherein the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the total investment cost of the line comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000011
wherein, C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, r 0 Representing the discount rate, m representing the depreciation age of the line, i, j representing the node number, n ij Representing the number of newly added lines between the node i and the node j, c representing the unit investment cost (yuan/km) of the lines, L ij Representing the length of the line between node i and node j (km), N B Represents a set of nodes, X ij And indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, and taking the value as 1 or 0.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the calculation formula for the total operating cost of the line comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000012
wherein, C o Representing the total operation cost of the line, d representing operation scenes, k representing the number of the operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, c price Representing the total electricity price (dollars/kWh), P, of the power system loss Representing the active network loss, Δ t, of the power system lossd Representing the elapsed time of the operational scenario.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the active network loss of the power system comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000021
wherein, P loss Representing the active network loss, P, of the power system lossij Representing the active network loss between node i and node j, i and j representing the node numbers, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, the value is 1 or 0 ij Represents the equivalent resistance (omega), S between node i and node j ij Denotes the transmission power (kVA) between node i and node j, U denotes the rated voltage, N B Representing a set of nodes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the total loss cost of the curtailment wind power comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000022
wherein, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, c w Indicating the price of wind power on-line electricity (yuan/kWh), E WAP Representing the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the wind curtailment phenomenon, d representing the operation scenes, k representing the number of the operation scenes, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, m d Represents the duration days of the wind curtailment phenomenon under the operation scene d, t represents the days, n t Denotes the duration of the wind curtailment on day t, P wd (t) represents the average wind power output value P of the t day under the operation scene d lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the total loss cost of the light curtailment energy comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000023
wherein, C SS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned light energy, c s Representing the photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price (dollar/kWh), E SAP Represents the loss of electric energy (kWh) caused by the photovoltaic phenomenon, d represents the number of operation scenes, k is an integer of 1 or more, and m d Time t table representing the duration of the light abandoning phenomenon under the operation scene dNumber of days, n t Denotes the duration of the light rejection phenomenon on day t, P sd (t) represents the average photovoltaic output value on the t day under the operation scene d, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit of the grid.
7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the calculation formula of the total maximum power limit of the grid comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000031
wherein, P lim-total Representing the total maximum power limit, P, of the grid lim Representing the maximum transmission power, N, of a single line B Representing a set of nodes, i, j representing a node number, X ij Indicating whether a line between the node i and the node j needs to be established, the value is 1 or 0 ij And the number of newly added lines between the node i and the node j is shown.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the grid operating efficiency comprises:
Figure FDA0003866528940000032
where η represents the grid operating efficiency, ω ij Representing a topological objective weight, η, of a line between node i and node j ij Representing the load factor, P, of the line between node i and node j ij Representing the actual active power (kW), P, of the line transmission between node i and node j Ge Indicating a stable power control limit (kW), P, of the power supply line LW Representing the economic transmission power (kW), N of the network structure line of the power network B Representing a set of nodes, N GB Representing a collection of nodes that are generator nodes.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the objective function is established using the following equation:
Figure FDA0003866528940000033
wherein F (X) represents an objective function value of an unknown variable X according to whether a line between a node i and a node j is constructed, and C I Represents the total investment cost of the line, C o Represents the total operating cost of the line, C WS Represents the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power, C SS The total loss cost of the light abandon electric quantity is shown, and eta represents the operation efficiency of the power grid.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the grid operating constraints comprise: power balance constraints, node voltage constraints, unit output constraints and line transmission capacity constraints.
11. A power grid planning apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a construction module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the construction module is used for constructing a power grid network structure and collecting network parameters related to the power grid network structure, the power grid network structure comprises a plurality of nodes, and at least one line is arranged between every two nodes;
the first determining module is used for determining the total investment cost, the total operation cost, the total loss cost of the abandoned wind power and the total loss cost of the abandoned light power of the line of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure and the network parameters;
the second determining module is used for determining the power grid operation efficiency of the power grid network structure according to the power grid network structure;
the establishing module is used for establishing an objective function of the power grid network structure according to the total investment cost of the circuit, the total operation cost of the circuit, the abandoned wind power loss cost, the abandoned light power loss cost and the power grid operation efficiency;
and the obtaining module is used for solving the objective function and determining the optimal solution of the objective function so as to obtain a planning scheme of the target power grid network structure, wherein the planning scheme of the target power grid network structure meets the power grid operation constraint.
12. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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