CN115505206A - Plastic reinforcing method and reinforced plastic - Google Patents
Plastic reinforcing method and reinforced plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN115505206A CN115505206A CN202211193792.XA CN202211193792A CN115505206A CN 115505206 A CN115505206 A CN 115505206A CN 202211193792 A CN202211193792 A CN 202211193792A CN 115505206 A CN115505206 A CN 115505206A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
Abstract
The invention provides a plastic reinforcing method and reinforced plastic. The plastic reinforcement method comprises the following steps: preparing first particles comprising phyllosilicate and plastic master batch, wherein the mass ratio of the phyllosilicate in the first particles is 40-60 wt%; mixing the first particles with molten plastic master batch to prepare second particles, wherein the mass ratio of the phyllosilicate in the second particles is 1-10 wt%; preparing a reinforced plastic by a plastic processing process using the second particles as a raw material. The reinforced plastic prepared by the plastic reinforcing method has excellent strength, hardness and deformation resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic materials, in particular to a plastic reinforcing method and reinforced plastic.
Background
In general, glass fibers or microscopically particulate inorganic materials may be used as modifiers in plastic masterbatches for the purpose of increasing the strength of the plastic. Although these two modification methods can improve the strength of plastics, they also cause other problems.
The glass fiber is a fibrous material with high strength, and the long-dimensional glass fiber is dispersed in the plastic, so that when the plastic is acted by external force, the long-dimensional and high-strength glass fiber can generate a good reaction force to the external force, and the plastic is reinforced. However, the long-dimension glass fiber generates stress during high-temperature processing, and the stress is released slowly during the later use of the finished product, so that the plastic product (especially a thin plate-shaped product, such as a chopping board) is completely deformed, and the use of the product is influenced.
Particulate inorganic materials can create a relatively sharp interface with the plastic matrix, thereby resulting in a reduction in the toughness of the plastic matrix.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the inventive concept and, therefore, may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a plastic reinforcement method and a reinforced plastic.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a plastic reinforcing method including the steps of: preparing first particles comprising phyllosilicate and plastic master batch, wherein the mass ratio of the phyllosilicate in the first particles is 40-60 wt%; mixing the first particles with molten plastic master batch to prepare second particles, wherein the mass ratio of the layered silicate in the second particles is 1-10 wt%; preparing a reinforced plastic by a plastic processing process using the second particles as a raw material.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the plastic master batch may be at least one of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the layered silicate may include at least one of pyrophyllite, kaolinite, muscovite, glauconite, grapestite, chlorite, illite, lepidolite, biotite, phlogopite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, talc, and serpentine.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of preparing the first particles may include: respectively providing layered silicate powder and plastic master batch; mixing the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic master batch with a binder, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and deionized water to obtain slurry; spray drying the slurry to obtain powder; and sintering the powder.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of providing the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic masterbatch, respectively, may comprise the step of milling at least one of the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic masterbatch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the layered silicate in the first particles may be in a range of 1 μm to 10 μm.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first granules have a size length in the range of 6mm to 30mm and a diameter in the range of 3mm to 5 mm.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the processing process may include at least one of injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding, calendering, blow molding, drop molding, lamination molding, cast molding, and coating molding.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include a step of acid-washing the layered silicate.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of acid-washing the layered silicate may include: adding the layered silicate powder into a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 5-20%, wherein the volume of the hydrochloric acid solution is 3-5 times of that of the initial layered silicate; standing the mixed solution for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 50-70 ℃; filtering the mixed solution, and washing the layered silicate powder with water; the layered silicate powder is dried.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a reinforced plastic, which is prepared by the above-described method.
The reinforced plastic prepared by the plastic reinforcing method has excellent strength and toughness and is not easy to deform.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments according to the inventive concept will be described in detail below to explain the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As described above, since the glass fiber and the particulate inorganic material can negatively affect other properties of the plastic while reinforcing the plastic, the present invention provides a plastic reinforcing method that can improve the strength of the plastic without causing problems such as deformation and toughness reduction of the plastic product.
A plastic reinforcement method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: preparing first particles comprising phyllosilicate and plastic master batch, wherein the mass ratio of the phyllosilicate in the first particles is 40-60 wt%; mixing the first particles with the melted plastic master batch to prepare second particles, wherein the mass ratio of the layered silicate in the second particles is 1wt% -10 wt%; the reinforced plastic is prepared by a plastic processing process using the second particles as a raw material.
In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the plastic masterbatch may be a general purpose thermoplastic. For example, the plastic masterbatch may be at least one of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate. Here, the plastic processing process may include at least one of injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding, calender molding, blow molding, drop molding, lamination molding, casting molding, and coating molding.
The layered silicate is a natural mineral, and each crystal layer of the naturally occurring layered silicate is about 1nm thick, and layers are bonded together by van der waals forces. Because the layered silicate has a layered structure, when the layered silicate is blended with a polymer such as plastic, polymer molecules can enter spaces among layers of the layered silicate, so that the layered silicate has a large contact area with a polymer matrix, and meanwhile, the polymer molecules can not completely fill the spaces among the layers of the layered silicate and can reserve certain pores, therefore, the use of the layered silicate for reinforcing the polymer such as plastic can effectively improve the toughness of the polymer and can not cause the polymer to be deformed due to stress.
In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the layered silicate may include at least one of pyrophyllite, kaolinite, muscovite, glauconite, grapestite, chlorite, illite, lepidolite, biotite, phlogopite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, talc, and serpentine. The chemical formulas are respectively shown as follows:
pyrophyllite Al 2 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Kaolinite Al 4 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 8 ；
Muscovite KAl 2 [Si 3 AlO 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Glauconite K (Fe, mg, al) 2 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Grape stone Ca 2 Al[Si 3 AlO 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Chlorite (Mg, al, fe) 6 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 8 ；
Illite (K, H) 3 O)(Al,Mg,Fe) 2 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Lithium iron mica K (Li, fe, al) 3 [Si 3-3.5 Al 1-0.5 O 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Lepidolite K (Li, al) 2.5-3 [Si 3.5-3 Al 0.5-1 O 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Ferro-hydroxy mica KFe 3 [Si 3 AlO 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Biotite K (Mg, fe) 3 [Si 3 AlO 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Phlogopite KMg 3 [Si 3 AlO 10 ](OH,F) 2 ；
Vermiculite [ (Mg, ca) 0.5 (H 2 O) 4 ](Mg,Fe,Al) 3 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Montmorillonite (Na, ca) 0.33 (Al,Mg,Fe) 2 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ·nH 2 O；
Talc Mg 3 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ；
Serpentine Mg 6 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 8 。
In the field, the common process for modifying plastics is to directly mix modified filler with plastic master batch and then process and mold; or firstly melting the plastic master batch, then adding the modified filler into the melted plastic master batch, and then processing and molding. However, because the plastic has high viscosity as a molecular chain polymer, the layered silicate is difficult to be uniformly dispersed in the plastic master batch after being blended with the plastic master batch, which causes the very nonuniform dispersion of the layered silicate in a formed product and causes the defect of the product.
In the plastic reinforcing method contemplated by the present invention, the layered silicate and the plastic masterbatch are first prepared into the first particles, and then the first particles are added to the molten plastic masterbatch to prepare the second particles. In this way, the phyllosilicate can be dispersed in the plastic master batch more uniformly, so that the strength distribution of the plastic product is more uniform while the plastic is reinforced.
In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, preparing the first particles may include: respectively providing layered silicate powder and plastic master batch; mixing the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic master batch with a binder, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and deionized water to obtain slurry; spray drying the slurry to obtain powder; and sintering the powder.
In particular, phyllosilicate powders and plastic masterbatches having a certain particle size and shape can be provided. Thus, the step of providing the layered silicate powder and the plastic masterbatch may comprise the step of grinding the initial layered silicate powder and the initial plastic masterbatch to make the layered silicate and the plastic masterbatch spherical or spheroidal and having a particle size in the range of 1 μm to 10 μm, facilitating subsequent pulping and spraying processes.
In addition, the step of providing the layered silicate powder may further include a step of acid-washing the layered silicate. For example, when the step of providing the layered silicate powder includes a grinding step, the layered silicate powder may be acid-washed before grinding or after masking.
In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the acid washing of the phyllosilicate may include the steps of: adding the layered silicate powder into a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 5-20% to obtain a mixed solution of which the volume of hydrochloric acid is 3-5 times of the volume of the initial layered silicate; standing the mixed solution for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 50-70 ℃; filtering the mixed solution, and washing the layered silicate powder with water; the layered silicate powder is dried. After acid washing, impurities (for example, interlayer impurities) in the layered silicate can be removed, so that the interlayer space of the layered silicate is increased, more polymer molecular chains can enter the interlayer of the layered silicate, and the bonding force between the layered silicate and the plastic master batch is improved.
After the layered silicate powder and the plastic masterbatch are prepared, the layered silicate powder and the plastic masterbatch may be prepared into a slurry. Specifically, a proper amount of phyllosilicate powder and plastic master batch can be mixed with the binder, the dispersant, the defoamer and the deionized water, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the slurry.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the composition of the liquid part in the slurry may be: 0.1 to 2 weight percent of binder, 0.05 to 1 weight percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 2 weight percent of defoaming agent and the balance of deionized water. According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic alcohol, and other higher alcohols; the defoaming agent may include at least one of polyether-modified silicone oil and organic silicone oil; the dispersant may include at least one of citric acid and triethylhexylphosphoric acid. According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the solid in the slurry includes a layered silicate powder and a plastic master batch, a mass ratio of the layered silicate powder to the plastic master batch may be 2 to 3. This is because, when the solid content is less than 20wt%, the granulation time is too long and the cost is too high; when the solid content is more than 70wt%, the solid content is high, the liquid content in the slurry is low, the subsequent spraying process cannot be stably carried out, and the production stability is influenced.
Next, the prepared slurry was spray-dried. Specifically, the slurry can be conveyed to a high-speed liquid throwing disc with the speed of 6000 to 15000 revolutions per minute to form liquid drops, the liquid drops are blown into a drying tower with the temperature of 100 to 180 ℃ by hot air with the temperature of 80 to 100 ℃, and the liquid drops are made to form spherical and solid powder after 5 to 30 seconds of stay in the descending process.
Then, the prepared powder is sintered to remove moisture in the powder. Specifically, a sintering curve is prepared according to the physical properties of the raw material powder, the temperature rise rate can be in the range of 5 ℃/min to 20 ℃/min, and the end point temperature can be in the temperature range of 80 ℃ to 120 ℃ and maintained for 3 hours to 30 hours. However, the inventive concept is not limited thereto.
And then, sieving the sintered powder to sieve the sintered powder into powder with different grain size intervals. However, exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto, and the sieving step may be omitted.
Through the steps, the first particles comprising the phyllosilicate and the plastic master batch can be obtained. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the mass proportion of the layered silicate in the first particles is 40wt% to 60wt%. The first granules have a length in the range of 6mm to 30mm and a diameter in the range of 3mm to 5 mm. In the first particles, the particle size of the layer silicate is in the range of 1 μm to 10 μm.
Next, the first granules may be added to the molten plastic masterbatch to produce second granules.
In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the plastic master batch may be first melted, and then the first particles having a mass of 10wt% to 30wt% of the mass of the melted plastic master batch to be added may be added to the melted plastic master batch. At the same time, the melting temperature of the plastic masterbatch is maintained so that the plastic masterbatch in the first granules also reaches a molten state, and the mixture is stirred uniformly, thereby obtaining a plastic melt including the layered silicate therein. Then, the obtained plastic melt was granulated to obtain second granules. According to a specific example, after obtaining a plastic melt including therein the layered silicate, the plastic melt may be extruded through a fine hole having a diameter of 3mm to 5mm to obtain second granules having a length of 8mm to 10mm and a diameter of 3mm to 5 mm.
According to an exemplary embodiment, in the resulting second particles, the mass of the layered silicate may be 1wt% to 10wt% of the mass of the second particles.
Through the two-step granulation process, the phyllosilicate can be uniformly dispersed in the plastic master batch. In addition, in conventional processes, the reinforcing filler is added directly to the molten plastic masterbatch and stirred before molding. By adopting the granulation process, the problems of long process time, easy aging of plastics due to long-time high-temperature state maintenance and the like caused by adopting the conventional process are solved.
Thereafter, a plastic processing process may be employed to produce the reinforced plastic from the second particles.
The plastic reinforcing method can effectively improve the strength of the plastic, and avoid the toughness reduction of the plastic and the deformation caused by stress. In addition, the plastic reinforcing method can simplify the processing and forming process of the plastic and avoid the aging of the plastic in the processing and forming process.
The reinforced plastic prepared by the plastic reinforcing method of the present inventive concept may have improved strength without a decrease in toughness and without easy deformation.
Hereinafter, a plastic reinforcement method according to the inventive concept will be described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
For montmorillonite ((Na, ca) 0.33 (Al,Mg,Fe) 2 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ·nH 2 O) Powder and Polypropylene (PP) powder are ground to be spherical or spheroidal. Wherein the average particle size of the ground montmorillonite powder is 5 μm, and the average particle size of the polypropylene powder is 5 μm.
1wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5wt% of citric acid, 1wt% of polyether modified silicone oil and 97.5wt% of deionized water are uniformly mixed to prepare a solution. And mixing the ground montmorillonite powder and polypropylene powder in a mass ratio of 1. Wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the polypropylene powder in the slurry is 45wt%.
And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 10500 r/min to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 140 ℃ by utilizing hot air at 90 ℃, and stopping for 17 seconds in the descending process to enable the liquid drops to form spherical and solid powder.
The obtained divided bodies were sintered at a temperature rise rate of 12 ℃/min, an end point temperature of 100 ℃ and a final point temperature of 17 hours.
And screening the sintered powder, and selecting powder with the average particle size range of 10 mu m to obtain first granules with the mass ratio of the montmorillonite of 50 wt%.
Taking a proper amount of polypropylene powder, heating to the melting temperature of the polypropylene powder to melt the polypropylene powder, and then adding a proper amount of first particles into the polypropylene powder. Here, the mass ratio of the first particles to the polypropylene powder is 1. The melting temperature of polypropylene was maintained, and the mixture was stirred uniformly to obtain a polypropylene melt containing 5% by weight of montmorillonite therein.
The polypropylene melt was extruded through a fine hole having a diameter of 4mm to obtain second granules having a length of 9mm and a diameter of 4 mm. The mass proportion of montmorillonite in the second particles is 5wt%.
And preparing the montmorillonite reinforced polypropylene sample by taking the second particles as a raw material and adopting an injection molding process.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that glauconite is used as the layer silicate.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that lepidolite was used as the layered silicate.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that vermiculite was used as the layered silicate.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that Polycarbonate (PC) is used as the plastic masterbatch.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that Polystyrene (PS) is used as the plastic masterbatch.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that Polyethylene (PE) is used as the plastic masterbatch.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the mass proportion of montmorillonite in the first particles was 40wt%.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that the mass proportion of montmorillonite in the first particles was 60wt%.
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of montmorillonite in the second particles is 1wt%.
Example 11
The difference from example 1 is that the mass proportion of montmorillonite in the second particles is 10wt%.
Example 12
The difference from example 1 is that the ground montmorillonite has an average particle size of 1 μm.
Example 13
The difference from example 1 is that the ground montmorillonite has an average particle size of 10 μm.
Example 14
For montmorillonite ((Na, ca) 0.33 (Al,Mg,Fe) 2 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ·nH 2 O) Powder and Polypropylene (PP) powder are ground to be spherical or spheroidal. Wherein the average particle size of the ground montmorillonite powder is 1 μm, and the average particle size of the polypropylene powder is 1 μm.
0.1wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05wt% of citric acid, 0.1wt% of polyether modified silicone oil and 99.75wt% of deionized water are uniformly mixed to prepare a solution. The ground montmorillonite powder and polypropylene powder in a mass ratio of about 1. Wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the polypropylene powder in the slurry is 20wt%.
And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 6000 rpm to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 100 ℃ by utilizing hot air at 80 ℃, and staying for 30 seconds in the descending process to enable the liquid drops to form spherical and solid powder.
A sintering curve was prepared based on the physical properties of the powder, and the temperature was held at 100 ℃ for 30 hours with the temperature rise rate set at 5 ℃/min.
And screening the sintered powder, and selecting the powder with the average particle size of 2 mu m to obtain first particles of which the mass ratio of the montmorillonite is 50 wt%.
Taking a proper amount of polypropylene powder, heating to melt the polypropylene powder, and adding a proper amount of first granules. The mass ratio of the first granules to the polypropylene powder is 1. The melting temperature of polypropylene was maintained, and the mixture was stirred uniformly to obtain a polypropylene melt containing 5% by weight of montmorillonite therein.
The polypropylene melt was extruded through a fine hole having a diameter of 3mm to obtain second granules having a length of 8mm and a diameter of 3 mm. The mass proportion of montmorillonite in the second particles is 5wt%.
And preparing the montmorillonite reinforced polypropylene by taking the second particles as a raw material and adopting an injection molding process.
Example 15
For montmorillonite ((Na, ca) 0.33 (Al,Mg,Fe) 2 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ·nH 2 O) Powder and Polypropylene (PP) powder are ground to be spherical or spheroidal. Wherein the average particle size of the ground montmorillonite powder is 10 μm, and the average particle size of the polypropylene powder is 10 μm.
Uniformly mixing 2wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1wt% of citric acid, 2wt% of polyether modified silicone oil and 95wt% of deionized water to prepare a solution. The ground montmorillonite powder and polypropylene powder in a mass ratio of about 1. Wherein the mass ratio of the montmorillonite powder to the polypropylene powder in the slurry is 70wt%.
And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 15000 r/min to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 180 ℃ by utilizing hot air at 100 ℃, and staying for 5 seconds in the descending process to enable the liquid drops to form spherical and solid powder.
A sintering curve was prepared from the physical properties of the powder, and the temperature was held at 100 ℃ for 3 hours with the temperature rise rate set at 20 ℃/min.
And sieving the sintered powder, and selecting powder with the average particle size of 20 mu m to obtain first granules with the mass ratio of the montmorillonite of 50 wt%.
Taking a proper amount of polypropylene powder, heating to melt the polypropylene powder, and adding a proper amount of first granules. The mass ratio of the first granules to the polypropylene powder is 1. The melting temperature of polypropylene was maintained, and the mixture was stirred uniformly to obtain a polypropylene melt containing 5% by weight of montmorillonite therein.
The polypropylene melt was extruded through a fine hole having a diameter of 5mm to obtain second granules having a length of 10mm and a diameter of 5 mm. The mass proportion of montmorillonite in the second particles is 5wt%.
And preparing the montmorillonite reinforced polypropylene by taking the second particles as a raw material and adopting an injection molding process.
Example 16
The difference from example 1 is that a step of acid washing montmorillonite is further included.
Specifically, montmorillonite powder is added into a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 5% to obtain a mixed solution; standing the mixture at 70 deg.C for 1 hr; filtering the mixed solution, and washing the montmorillonite powder with water; the montmorillonite powder is dried.
Example 17
The difference from example 1 is that a step of acid washing montmorillonite is further included.
Specifically, montmorillonite powder is added into a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20% to obtain a mixed solution; standing the mixture at 50 deg.C for 2 hr; filtering the mixed solution, and washing the montmorillonite powder with water; the montmorillonite powder is dried.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that glass fibers are used as reinforcing filler instead of montmorillonite.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that calcium carbonate is used as reinforcing filler instead of montmorillonite.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the montmorillonite powder was directly added to the molten polypropylene, stirred uniformly and then injection molded.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the step of preparing the first granules is omitted, and the second granules are directly prepared and injection molded.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that after the first pellet is prepared, the second pellet is not prepared, but the first pellet is mixed with the polypropylene powder in a mass ratio of 1.
Comparative example 6
The test specimens were prepared by injection molding using a polypropylene powder having an average particle size of 5 μm.
Tensile strength, rockwell hardness and heat distortion resistance tests were performed on the processed specimens prepared in the above examples 1 to 17 and comparative examples 1 to 6. The indications are as follows:
tensile strength: the unit is MPa, the index of the rigidity of the plastic material is reflected, and the higher the tensile strength is, the stronger the rigidity is;
rockwell hardness: the unit is R, the higher the hardness is, the stronger the cutting resistance of the surface of the material is;
resistance to thermal deformation: the unit is mm, the test method is a self-defined test method and reflects the deformation resistance of the plastic material under high temperature and high humidity. The specific test method is as follows: a plastic sample having a length of 20cm, a width of 5cm and a thickness of 1cm was taken and left for 10 hours at a temperature of 50. + -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 93. + -. 3%, and the center portion of the plastic sample was deformed to be raised in a dome-like shape, and the deformation height of the plastic sample was measured, and the lower the deformation height, the higher the heat distortion resistance.
The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, under the same process conditions, compared with the method adopting glass fiber reinforced plastics, the method adopting phyllosilicate reinforced plastics can obviously improve the heat deformation resistance of plastics.
In addition, under the same process conditions, compared with the method adopting calcium carbonate to reinforce the plastic, the method adopting the phyllosilicate to reinforce the plastic, which is conceived by the invention, can obviously improve the tensile strength of the plastic and improve the heat deformation resistance.
As can also be seen from table 1, the montmorillonite-reinforced polypropylene prepared by the method of the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept has a more uniform hardness distribution and improved tensile strength and thermal deformation resistance, compared to injection molding of montmorillonite powder directly with a polypropylene master batch without granulation.
The montmorillonite-reinforced polypropylene prepared by the method of the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept has improved resistance to thermal deformation compared to the method omitting the preparation of the first particles, and there is no discoloration during use.
The montmorillonite-reinforced polypropylene prepared by the method of the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept has a more uniform hardness distribution and improved resistance to thermal deformation, compared to the method omitting the preparation of the second particles.
In addition, the layered silicate reinforced polypropylene prepared by the method of the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept has significantly improved hardness and heat distortion resistance, compared to the polypropylene of comparative example 6, which is not subjected to reinforcement modification.
As can be seen from Table 1, the addition of the step of acid washing the phyllosilicate can make the prepared reinforced polypropylene have more excellent tensile strength and fracture toughness.
From examples 1 to 7, it can be seen that the preparation process of the inventive concept is universally applicable to all kinds of phyllosilicates and also to all thermoplastics.
It can be seen from example 1 and examples 8 and 9 that, in the first particles, 40 to 60wt% of montmorillonite added amount can eventually obtain reinforced polypropylene excellent in tensile strength and fracture toughness.
It can be seen from example 1 and examples 10 and 11 that, in the second particles, 1 to 10wt% of montmorillonite added amount can eventually obtain reinforced polypropylene excellent in tensile strength and fracture toughness.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; it is intended that the following claims be interpreted as including all such alterations, modifications, and equivalents as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method of reinforcing plastic, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing first particles comprising phyllosilicate and plastic master batch, wherein the mass ratio of the phyllosilicate in the first particles is 40-60 wt%;
mixing the first particles with molten plastic master batch to prepare second particles, wherein the mass ratio of the layered silicate in the second particles is 1-10 wt%;
preparing a reinforced plastic by a plastic processing process using the second particles as a raw material.
2. The plastic reinforcing method of claim 1, wherein the plastic masterbatch is at least one of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, and polyethylene terephthalate.
3. The plastic reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein the layered silicate includes at least one of pyrophyllite, kaolinite, muscovite, glauconite, grapestite, chlorite, illite, lepidolite, biotite, phlogopite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, talc, and serpentine.
4. The plastic reinforcement method of claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the first particles comprises:
respectively providing layered silicate powder and plastic master batch;
mixing the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic master batch with a binder, a dispersant, a defoaming agent and deionized water to obtain slurry;
spray drying the slurry to obtain powder;
and sintering the powder.
5. The plastic reinforcing method of claim 4, wherein the step of separately providing the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic masterbatch comprises the step of grinding at least one of the phyllosilicate powder and the plastic masterbatch.
6. The plastic reinforcement method of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the layered silicate in the first particles is in a range of 1 μm to 10 μm.
7. The plastic reinforcement method of claim 1, wherein the first granules have a size ranging from 6mm to 30mm in length and from 3mm to 5mm in diameter.
8. The plastic reinforcing method of claim 1, wherein the processing comprises at least one of injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding, calendering, blow molding, drop molding, lamination molding, casting molding, and coating molding.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of pickling the phyllosilicate.
10. The plastic reinforcement method of claim 9, wherein the step of acid washing the layered silicate comprises:
adding the layered silicate powder into a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 5-20%, wherein the volume of the hydrochloric acid solution is 3-5 times of that of the initial layered silicate;
standing the mixed solution for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 50-70 ℃;
filtering the mixed solution, and washing the layered silicate powder with water;
the layered silicate powder is dried.
11. A reinforced plastic, characterized in that it is obtained by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101230145A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2008-07-30 | 斯蒂茨丁荷兰聚合物学会 | Reinforced polymer |
| TW201245291A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-16 | Pei-Ti Lin | Polymer master batch process and application |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101230145A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2008-07-30 | 斯蒂茨丁荷兰聚合物学会 | Reinforced polymer |
| TW201245291A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-16 | Pei-Ti Lin | Polymer master batch process and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 丁率: "硅橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合粉末的制备及其阻燃应用研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》, pages 020 - 6 * |
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