CN115502545A - Friction welding processing technology for water channel of driving motor shell - Google Patents

Friction welding processing technology for water channel of driving motor shell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115502545A
CN115502545A CN202211426752.5A CN202211426752A CN115502545A CN 115502545 A CN115502545 A CN 115502545A CN 202211426752 A CN202211426752 A CN 202211426752A CN 115502545 A CN115502545 A CN 115502545A
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
friction
driving motor
joint
cover plate
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CN202211426752.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗应涛
卢官平
邵山
吴雅楠
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Jiangsu Pansen Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Pansen Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211426752.5A priority Critical patent/CN115502545A/en
Publication of CN115502545A publication Critical patent/CN115502545A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/26Auxiliary equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a friction welding processing technology for a water channel of a shell of a driving motor, which relates to the technical field of processing of driving motors and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: before welding, checking a welding groove and a welding cover plate on the top of the shell of the driving motor; step two: pressing the welding cover plate into the welding groove by using an oil press, and checking whether the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane or not so as to reduce the misalignment amount; step three: placing the driving motor shell into a tool fixture, and fixing the driving motor shell; the invention utilizes the high temperature generated by the friction between the welding friction head rotating at high speed and the joint to partially plasticize the materials at the edges of the welding cover plate and the welding groove, the plasticized materials flow from the front part to the rear part of the friction head under the action of the rotating friction force of the friction head and form a compact and uniform solid-phase welding joint under the extrusion of the friction head, and the welding joint has no air holes, no burning loss of alloy elements and no thermal cracks, and the joint strength exceeds that of most fusion welding joints.

Description

Friction welding processing technology for water channel of driving motor shell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of driving motor processing, in particular to a friction welding processing technology for a water channel of a driving motor shell.
Background
The driving motor is an electrical device which converts electric energy into mechanical energy as driving force, the device also has the function of converting mechanical energy into electric energy, the driving motor is mainly assembled by parts such as a stator, a rotor, a machine shell, a connector, a rotary transformer and the like, and the main core indexes comprise: efficiency, power density and torque density, and the driving motor can generate a large amount of heat in use, so that a water channel is generally arranged in a shell of the driving motor for water cooling, and a cover plate is required to be arranged on an open slot at the end part of the water channel for sealing;
in the prior art, a welding process is generally adopted for sealing the cover plate at the notch, a filler wire and other welding materials are adopted for fusion welding in a common welding process, air holes are easily generated, joint elements are easily burnt, and heat cracks are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a friction welding processing technology for a shell water channel of a driving motor, which forms a compact and uniform solid-phase welding seam under the extrusion of a friction head, has no air holes, no alloy element burning loss and no thermal cracks, and has joint strength exceeding that of most fusion welding joints.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a friction welding processing technology for a water channel of a shell of a driving motor comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before welding, checking a welding groove and a welding cover plate at the top of the shell of the driving motor;
step two: pressing the welding cover plate into the welding groove by using an oil press, and checking whether the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane or not so as to reduce the misalignment amount;
step three: placing the driving motor shell into a tool fixture, and fixing the driving motor shell;
step four: driving a stirring friction head to be rotatably inserted into the joint of the welding cover plate and the welding groove by adopting a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool, and rubbing a welding needle of the rotating stirring friction head with the joint to generate high temperature so as to plasticize the joint;
step five: the CNC numerical control machine tool drives the stirring friction head to move along the joint to play the whole route and return to the initial position to be welded;
step six: and the friction stir head leaves the welding surface, the welding is completed, the CNC numerical control machine tool switches the milling cutter, and the defects on the surface of the friction welding are milled.
The further improvement lies in that: in the first step, the inspection standard is that no burrs, no oil stains, cleanness and tidiness are ensured on the surfaces of a welding groove at the top of the shell of the driving motor and the surface of a welding cover plate.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the second step, the size of the gap at the joint of the welding cover plate and the welding groove is synchronously checked, and no splicing gap is formed or the gap is controlled to be smaller than 0.5mm.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the third step, the driving motor shell is placed into the tool clamp, so that the driving motor shell is not movable in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
The further improvement is that: in the fourth step, the rotating speed of the stirring friction head is controlled to be 1700-2000r/min.
The further improvement is that: in the fourth step, when the friction stir head slides forward along the joint, the plasticized material flows to the rear and then solidifies.
The further improvement lies in that: in the fifth step, in the whole route process, the wire between the stirring friction head and the joint is kept uninterrupted, not stopped and not retracted until the joint is wound for a circle and returns to the initial position to be welded.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the sixth step, the CNC numerical control machine tool drives the stirring friction head to leave the surface of the workpiece, and in the leaving process, the stirring friction head is controlled to ascend at a low speed of 0.5 cm/s.
The further improvement lies in that: and sixthly, after the milling cutter is switched, milling the macroscopic defects of burrs and grooves on the surface of the friction welding by using the milling cutter.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention utilizes the high temperature generated by the friction between the welding friction head rotating at high speed and the joint to partially plasticize the materials at the edges of the welding cover plate and the welding groove, the plasticized materials flow from the front part to the rear part of the friction head under the action of the rotating friction force of the friction head and form a compact and uniform solid-phase welding joint under the extrusion of the friction head, and the welding joint has no air holes, no burning loss of alloy elements and no thermal cracks, and the joint strength exceeds that of most fusion welding joints.
2. The invention has the advantages of good consistency of the joint performance, small change of the microstructure of the heat affected zone of the welded joint, lower residual stress, difficult deformation of a welded workpiece, better sealing property, better oxidation resistance and better stability.
3. The invention adopts the CNC numerical control machine tool to drive the stirring friction head to move along the joint to play the whole route, has convenient operation, realizes mechanization and automation, and has simple equipment and low energy consumption.
4. Before welding, the surface is checked to be free of burrs and oil stains, the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are ensured to be in the same plane, the misalignment amount is reduced, the size of a gap at a joint is controlled, after welding is finished, the defect of the friction welding surface is milled by a milling cutter, and the processing quality is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a drive motor housing and weld nest of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the weld of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example one
According to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment provides a friction welding process for a water channel of a drive motor shell, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before welding, checking a welding groove and a welding cover plate at the top of the shell of the driving motor;
step two: pressing the welding cover plate into the welding groove by using an oil press, and checking whether the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane or not so as to reduce the misalignment amount;
step three: placing the driving motor shell into a tool clamp, and fixing the driving motor shell;
step four: driving a stirring friction head to rotate and insert into a joint of a welding cover plate and a welding groove by adopting a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool, and generating high temperature by the friction between a welding needle of the rotating stirring friction head and the joint so as to plasticize the joint;
step five: the CNC machine tool drives the stirring friction head to move along the joint to play the whole route and return to the initial position to be welded;
step six: and the friction stir head leaves the welding surface, the welding is completed, the CNC numerical control machine tool switches the milling cutter, and the defects on the surface of the friction welding are milled.
The invention utilizes the high temperature generated by the friction between the welding friction head rotating at high speed and the joint to partially plasticize the materials at the edges of the welding cover plate and the welding groove, when the interface moves forwards along the welding surface, the plasticized materials flow from the front part to the rear part of the friction head under the action of the rotating friction force of the friction head and form a compact and uniform solid-phase welding seam under the extrusion of the friction head, and the welding head has no air holes, no burning loss of alloy elements and no thermal cracks, has joint strength exceeding that of most fusion welding joints, does not need to add filler wires, uses the materials for self connection, has good joint performance consistency, small microstructure change of a heat affected zone of the welding joint, lower residual stress, difficult deformation of a welding workpiece, better sealing performance, better oxidation resistance, better stability and smaller error.
Example two
According to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment provides a friction welding process for a water channel of a drive motor shell, which comprises the following steps:
before welding, checking a welding groove and a welding cover plate at the top of the driving motor shell, wherein the checking standard is that the surfaces of the welding groove and the welding cover plate at the top of the driving motor shell are free of burrs and oil stains, and are clean and tidy;
pressing the welding cover plate into the welding groove by using an oil press, checking whether the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane or not, reducing the misalignment amount, synchronously checking the size of a gap at the joint of the welding cover plate and the welding groove, and controlling the gap to be not spliced or smaller than 0.5mm;
placing the driving motor shell into a tool fixture, fixing the driving motor shell and ensuring that the driving motor shell is immovable in the horizontal and vertical directions;
driving a stirring friction head to be inserted into a joint of a welding cover plate and a welding groove in a rotating mode by a CNC (computer numerical control) machine tool, controlling the rotating speed of the stirring friction head to be 1800r/min, enabling a welding needle of the rotating stirring friction head to rub with the joint to generate high temperature, enabling the joint to be plasticized, and enabling a plasticized material to flow to the rear part and then solidify when the stirring friction head slides forwards along the joint;
the CNC numerical control machine tool drives the stirring friction head to walk along the joint to play the whole route, and in the whole route process, the wiring between the stirring friction head and the joint is kept uninterrupted, not stopped and not returned until the joint is wound for a circle and returns to the initial position to be welded;
the CNC numerical control machine tool drives the stirring friction head to leave the surface of the workpiece, in the leaving process, the stirring friction head is controlled to ascend at a low speed of 0.5cm/s, welding is completed, the CNC numerical control machine tool switches a milling cutter, and the milling cutter is used for milling the macroscopic defects of burrs and surface grooves on the surface of friction welding.
The friction stir welding utilizes high temperature generated by friction between a welding friction head rotating at high speed and a joint to partially plasticize a welded material, when an interface moves forwards when the friction head moves along a welding surface, the plasticized material flows from the front part to the rear part of the friction head under the action of the rotating friction force of the friction head, and a compact and uniform solid-phase welding seam is formed under the extrusion of the friction head. In the welding process, the shell of the driving motor is mainly and rigidly fixed on a friction welding machine tool, the welding head of the friction stir welding head rotates at a high speed, and the edge moves along a joint. The shoulder of the welding head generates heat by friction with the surface of the workpiece, and is used for preventing the overflow of the plastic state material and simultaneously plays a role in removing the surface oxidation film. The sealing performance of water channel can be improved in the friction welding processing of driving motor shell water channel, and at first the driving motor shell divide into two parts of inner circle and outer lane, and two parts are fixed by the water channel muscle, before the casing friction welding course of working, need mill a part water channel muscle earlier and mill the welding groove, ensure that the driving casing water channel can the UNICOM. And pressing the welded cover plate which is manufactured in advance into the welding groove of the driving motor by using an oil press, and finally driving a friction stir welding head to rotate at a high speed by using a friction stir welding machine to enter a part to be welded on the driving motor so as to weld the cover plate and the driving shell together. The friction welding processing of the water channel of the shell of the driving motor is realized. The welding efficiency is high, the quality is stable, the consistency is good, and the production efficiency is higher; the microstructure change of a heat affected zone of the welding joint is small, the residual stress is low, a welding workpiece is not easy to deform, the sealing performance is better, the oxidation resistance is better, the stability is better, and the error is smaller; the operation process is convenient, the mechanization and the automation are realized, the equipment is simple, the energy consumption is low, the efficiency is high, and the requirement on the operation environment is low.
The friction welding processing technology for the water channel of the shell of the driving motor utilizes high temperature generated by friction between a welding friction head rotating at a high speed and a joint to partially plasticize materials at the edges of a welding cover plate and a welding groove, when an interface moves forwards along a welding surface, the plasticized materials flow from the front part to the rear part of the friction head under the action of the rotating friction force of the friction head and form a compact and uniform solid-phase welding joint under the extrusion of the friction head, and the welding process has the advantages of no air hole, no alloy element burning loss and no thermal crack, joint strength exceeding that of most fusion welding joints, no need of adding filler wires, self connection of the used materials, good joint performance consistency, small change of microstructure of a heat affected zone of the welding joint, low residual stress, difficult deformation of a welding workpiece, better sealing performance, better oxidation resistance, better stability and smaller error. Meanwhile, the CNC numerical control machine tool is adopted to drive the stirring friction head to move along the joint of the whole line, so that the CNC numerical control machine tool is convenient to operate, realizes mechanization and automation, and is simple in equipment and low in energy consumption. In addition, before welding, the invention checks that the surface has no burrs and oil stain, ensures that the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane, reduces the misalignment amount, controls the size of the gap at the joint, and mills the defect of the friction welding surface by using a milling cutter after the welding is finished, thereby ensuring the processing quality.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A friction welding processing technology for a water channel of a shell of a driving motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before welding, checking a welding groove and a welding cover plate on the top of the shell of the driving motor;
step two: pressing the welding cover plate into the welding groove by using an oil press, and checking whether the upper surface of the welding groove and the upper surface of the welding cover plate are positioned on the same plane or not so as to reduce the misalignment amount;
step three: placing the driving motor shell into a tool clamp, and fixing the driving motor shell;
step four: driving a stirring friction head to be rotatably inserted into the joint of the welding cover plate and the welding groove by adopting a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool, and rubbing a welding needle of the rotating stirring friction head with the joint to generate high temperature so as to plasticize the joint;
step five: the CNC machine tool drives the stirring friction head to move along the joint to play the whole route and return to the initial position to be welded;
step six: and the friction stir head leaves the welding surface, the welding is completed, the CNC numerical control machine tool switches the milling cutter, and the defects on the surface of the friction welding are milled.
2. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: in the first step, the inspection standard is that no burrs, no oil stains, cleanness and tidiness are ensured on the surfaces of a welding groove at the top of the shell of the driving motor and the surface of a welding cover plate.
3. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the size of the gap at the joint of the welding cover plate and the welding groove is synchronously checked, and no splicing gap is formed or the gap is controlled to be smaller than 0.5mm.
4. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the driving motor shell is placed into the tool clamp, so that the driving motor shell is not movable in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
5. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the rotating speed of the friction stir head is controlled to be 1700-2000r/min.
6. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, when the friction stir head slides forward along the joint, the plasticized material flows to the rear and then solidifies.
7. The friction welding process for the water channel of the drive motor shell according to claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, in the whole route process, the wire between the stirring friction head and the joint is kept uninterrupted, not stopped and not retracted until the joint is wound for a circle and returns to the initial position to be welded.
8. The friction welding process for the water channel of the shell of the driving motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: and in the sixth step, the CNC numerical control machine tool drives the stirring friction head to leave the surface of the workpiece, and in the leaving process, the stirring friction head is controlled to ascend at a low speed of 0.5 cm/s.
9. The friction welding process for the water channel of the shell of the driving motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction welding process comprises the following steps: and sixthly, after the milling cutter is switched, milling the macroscopic defects of burrs and grooves on the surface of the friction welding by using the milling cutter.
CN202211426752.5A 2022-11-15 2022-11-15 Friction welding processing technology for water channel of driving motor shell Pending CN115502545A (en)

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CN202211426752.5A CN115502545A (en) 2022-11-15 2022-11-15 Friction welding processing technology for water channel of driving motor shell

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105921880A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-09-07 中色(天津)特种材料有限公司 Welding fixture for friction stir welding of water channels of water-cooled motor shell and annular welding technology
CN106181268A (en) * 2016-09-12 2016-12-07 广州市锐美汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of new-energy automobile water-cooled motor case and friction welding technological thereof
CN109807568A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-28 江阴海虹精密机械有限公司 Tenui-exinous motor casing stirring friction-welding technique
CN110666464A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-10 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Friction stir welding process for thin-wall motor casing
CN210387931U (en) * 2019-07-30 2020-04-24 航天工程装备(苏州)有限公司 Stirring head for friction stir welding of water-cooled motor shell
CN211351969U (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-08-25 菲仕绿能科技(宁波)有限公司 Friction stir welding water-cooling shell for motor
CN111922601A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-13 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Welding tool and welding process for leading out friction stir welding keyhole
CN112296507A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-02 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Friction stir welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled motor shell
CN113664363A (en) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-19 中色(天津)特种材料有限公司 Special-shaped track welding method for end face of water-cooled motor shell
CN114985894A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-02 广东鸿图武汉压铸有限公司 Welding process and clamp assembly after machining of new energy automobile drive motor shell

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105921880A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-09-07 中色(天津)特种材料有限公司 Welding fixture for friction stir welding of water channels of water-cooled motor shell and annular welding technology
CN106181268A (en) * 2016-09-12 2016-12-07 广州市锐美汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of new-energy automobile water-cooled motor case and friction welding technological thereof
CN109807568A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-28 江阴海虹精密机械有限公司 Tenui-exinous motor casing stirring friction-welding technique
CN210387931U (en) * 2019-07-30 2020-04-24 航天工程装备(苏州)有限公司 Stirring head for friction stir welding of water-cooled motor shell
CN110666464A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-10 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Friction stir welding process for thin-wall motor casing
CN211351969U (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-08-25 菲仕绿能科技(宁波)有限公司 Friction stir welding water-cooling shell for motor
CN111922601A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-13 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Welding tool and welding process for leading out friction stir welding keyhole
CN112296507A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-02 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 Friction stir welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled motor shell
CN113664363A (en) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-19 中色(天津)特种材料有限公司 Special-shaped track welding method for end face of water-cooled motor shell
CN114985894A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-02 广东鸿图武汉压铸有限公司 Welding process and clamp assembly after machining of new energy automobile drive motor shell

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Application publication date: 20221223