CN115502401A - Auxiliary sintering device for powder metallurgy field with coupled heating - Google Patents
Auxiliary sintering device for powder metallurgy field with coupled heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN115502401A CN115502401A CN202211042716.9A CN202211042716A CN115502401A CN 115502401 A CN115502401 A CN 115502401A CN 202211042716 A CN202211042716 A CN 202211042716A CN 115502401 A CN115502401 A CN 115502401A
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a coupling heating auxiliary sintering device for a powder metallurgy field, which comprises a forming box body, a forming die system, a power system, a current input system and an induction heating system, wherein the forming box body is a sealed box body capable of realizing a controllable atmosphere environment; the forming die system is placed in the forming box body and used for material preparation and forming; the induction heating system is used for heating materials in the material preparation process, wherein the current input system and the induction heating system act on the material preparation and forming process according to a control strategy, so that the current and the temperature in the material preparation process are controllable. The device can effectively control the technological parameters related to material preparation, and further can design the material with specific performance according to stable pressure, reasonable current and proper temperature coupling effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to powder metallurgy preparation process equipment, in particular to an auxiliary sintering device for a powder metallurgy field.
Background
In the material preparation process, powder metallurgy can prepare a series of high-performance materials such as refractory metals, hard alloys, ceramics and the like, can easily realize the compounding of various types of materials, can produce some materials which cannot be produced by a casting process, and can realize near-net forming and automatic batch production.
The powder metallurgy process often involves the following steps: powder making, powder mixing, preforming, sintering, post-treatment and the like.
Generally, pressure sintering (hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, etc.) is adopted to densify the powder, so as to obtain a material with high density, fine crystal grains and uniform structure compared with the traditional sintering. However, such sintering at low temperature for a long time is not favorable for homogenization of the alloy structure; on the other hand, high-temperature long-time sintering inevitably leads to the growth of crystal grains.
At present, field Assisted Sintering (FAST) technology is mostly adopted for preparing powder materials difficult to solidify, namely, a current field of pulse direct current and a stress field of axial external load are utilized to rapidly densify the powder at low temperature.
In the FAST densification process, when the temperature rise rate is increased (more than or equal to 100 ℃/min), the growth of material grains can be effectively avoided, and the homogenization of the structure of the material is facilitated. In addition, the external load applied to the powder can promote the displacement and rearrangement of the powder at low temperature; can promote substance diffusion and plastic flow at high temperature, and is beneficial to the densification of the powder.
When FAST is adopted for consolidating the powder, the sintering temperature is limited by pulse direct current, and when the current is constant, the sintering temperature cannot be further increased; when the sintering temperature is increased, the current value needs to be increased to a higher level, and the use conditions are more severe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coupling heating auxiliary sintering device for a powder metallurgy field, which breaks the limitation of the heating temperature on the current value in the conventional sintering equipment and decouples the sintering temperature from the current value.
Therefore, the invention provides a coupling heating powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device which comprises a forming box body, a forming die system, a power system, a current input system and an induction heating system, wherein the forming box body is a sealed box body capable of realizing a controllable atmosphere environment; the forming die system is placed in the forming box body and used for material preparation and forming; the power system is used for providing pressure for material densification in the material preparation and forming process; the current input system is used for providing driving force for the electron migration in the material in the preparation and forming process of the material; the induction heating system is used for heating materials in the material preparation process, wherein the current input system and the induction heating system act on the material preparation and forming process according to a control strategy, so that the current and the temperature in the material preparation process are controllable.
Further, above-mentioned shaping box is provided with inside heat preservation, and this inside heat preservation will forming die system ring wraps up in, realizes that the heat is concentrated, guarantees that the temperature environment of material preparation is even stable.
The material of the internal heat insulation layer is preferably a stainless steel or ceramic heat insulation layer, the forming die system can be wrapped, the heat radiation of the forming die system is blocked to the greatest extent, an agglomerated energy cavity is formed, the heat is concentrated, the temperature environment of a sample is guaranteed to be always under a controllable condition, the process of material preparation is carried out according to actual design, and the uniformity, accuracy and stability of the temperature environment of material preparation are guaranteed.
Furthermore, the forming die system comprises an electrode upper pressing head, a graphite upper die, a material forming plate, a graphite lower die and an electrode lower pressing head, wherein the material forming plate is provided with a die cavity which penetrates through the material forming plate from top to bottom. The die cavity is used as a key part for material preparation, the coupling effect can be fully realized under the conditions of applying pressure and current to the material, controlling sintering temperature and the like, and finally the preparation of the material with high compactness, uniform structure and fine grains is realized.
Further, the power system carries the electrode upper pressure head and/or the electrode lower pressure head of the forming die system to move, and power is provided for material densification. Thus, the sample is used for preparing the material with compact structure, uniform structure, fine crystal grains and excellent comprehensive performance under the coupling action of current, pressure and induction heating.
Further, the current input system has a current adjusting function, and the current flowing through the inside of the forming die system can be adjusted.
When the constant current is kept for the prepared material and the sintering temperature is changed, the overall sintering temperature can be increased by means of the cooperation of an induction heating system; when the constant temperature is kept for a prepared material sample, the value of the current flowing through the material is changed, and the constant temperature can be realized by means of the double-field coupling effect of an induction heating system and current heating; the cooperation of current heating and induction heating is regulated and controlled, sintering temperature can be further improved, and the structural design of the material organization is generally realized.
Further, the induction heating system comprises an induction heating coil, a moving device and a connecting frame, wherein the moving device is used for carrying the induction coil to move up and down, and the induction coil covers the forming die system in a surrounding mode.
The induction coil of the induction heating system is placed on the mobile device, the automation degree is high, the process of separating a material sample from a heating source can be rapidly completed, better guarantee is provided for the process flow of material sintering, and a foundation is laid for realizing the improvement of material performance.
Further, the transfer device is also used for driving the induction heating coil to be instantaneously separated from or overlapped with the forming die system. Thus ensuring the immediacy of the induction heating action.
Further, the control strategy is selected from: preparing a material sample at constant current, preparing the material sample at constant temperature, or preparing the material sample under constant temperature and constant current change gradient.
Further, the controlled atmosphere environment of the forming box body comprises vacuum and protective atmosphere, and the protective atmosphere comprises nitrogen atmosphere and inert gas atmosphere.
Further, the auxiliary sintering device for the powder metallurgy field is a scientific test device.
The device of the invention adopts current and induction heating to simultaneously act on the material, thus breaking the limitation of the powder material in the sintering process; when the value of the current flowing through the sample reaches a set value, the sintering temperature can be changed through the auxiliary heating action of the induction coil, so that the relationship between the current and the temperature is not mutually restricted.
By adopting the device, the technological parameters related to material preparation can be effectively controlled, stable pressure, reasonable current and proper temperature coupling effect are realized, and the material with specific performance is designed.
The device solves the problem that the current cannot be changed by specific sintering temperature or the sintering temperature cannot be changed by specific current in the conventional equipment, realizes real-time controllability of the sintering temperature without depending on the current, and simultaneously improves the maximum sintering parameter (temperature and heating rate) extreme point.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system composition of the auxiliary sintering device in the powder metallurgy field. And
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structural cooperation of a molding die system and an induction heating system of the auxiliary sintering device in a powder metallurgy field according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a forming die system of the auxiliary sintering device in the powder metallurgy field according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the induction heating coil lead wire of the powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device of the invention being led out from the bottom wall of the forming box body;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an engineering application of the auxiliary sintering device in the powder metallurgy field.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-a current input system; 2-a power system; 3-forming a box body; 31-internal insulation layer; 32-via holes; 4-an induction heating system; 5-forming a mould system; 41-induction heating coil; 411-lead; 42-a mobile device; 43-a connecting frame; 51-electrode upper indenter; 52-graphite upper mold; 53-material forming plate; 531-a mold cavity; 54-graphite lower die; 55-electrode lower pressure head; 6-a corrugated tube; 7-bellows.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Considering that the sintering temperature and the current value both have great influence on the microstructure of the material, the preparation process of the material is limited in two directions, and the improvement of the material performance is greatly limited in the existing FAST material preparation equipment.
The invention provides a coupling heating auxiliary sintering device for a powder metallurgy field, which breaks the limitation of the heating temperature in the conventional sintering equipment by a current value, decouples the current magnitude and the sintering temperature and does not restrict each other.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 in combination, the powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering apparatus of the present embodiment includes a current input system 1, a power system 2, a forming box 3, an induction heating system 4, and a forming die system 5.
Forming die system 5 place in the shaping box 3, both ends have the electrode pressure head about forming die system 5, and two upper and lower electrode pressure heads can realize forming die system 5 and shaping box 3 can relative motion with the upper and lower both ends laminating of shaping box 3 under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the gas tightness.
The forming box body 3 is provided with an internal heat insulation layer 31, and the internal heat insulation layer 31 will the mould cavity ring of the forming mould system 5 is wrapped up in, and the internal heat insulation layer 31 furthest blocks the heat radiation of the forming mould system 5, forms an energy cavity of reunion, makes the heat concentrate, guarantees that the temperature environment of sample is in under controllable condition all the time, and the process that makes the preparation material sample is develoied according to actual design's process, guarantees the precision of the temperature environment of preparation material sample.
The molding die system 5 includes an upper electrode head 51, an upper graphite die 52, a material molding plate 53, a lower graphite die 54, and a lower electrode head 55, which are arranged in this order. The material forming plate 53 is provided with a mold cavity 531 which penetrates through the upper part and the lower part, the upper graphite mold 52 and the lower graphite mold 54 extend into the mold cavity 531 from the upper end and the lower end, and a material sample with high performance is prepared in the mold cavity 531 by controlling specific process parameters under the coupling action of pressure, current and induction heating of powder.
The induction heating system 4 comprises an induction heating coil 41, a moving device 42 and a connecting frame 43, wherein the moving device 42 can carry the induction coil 41 to move up and down, the induction coil 41 covers the die cavity in a surrounding mode, when a sample is prepared by controlling process parameters, the moving device 42 can carry the induction heating coil 41 to be separated from the die cavity, and the prepared sample sintering temperature is reduced in a gradient manner.
The moving device 42, such as an electric push rod, is disposed outside the forming box 3, and because the temperature inside the forming box 3 is too high, the moving device is disposed outside to avoid the influence of high temperature. At this time, the lead wire of the induction heating coil 41 is extended out of the molding box 3 and subjected to a motion sealing treatment.
The current input system 1 can adjust the current flowing through the inside of the forming die system. During material preparation, the migration of particles in the material according to a specific way is realized by adjusting the current, and meanwhile, the heating process of the material in the die cavity can be realized under the action of the Joule heat of the current.
The induction heating system 4 can realize the heating process of the material in the mold cavity, and the moving device 42 can make the induction heating coil 41 be quickly separated from the mold cavity, so as to stop the heating process of the sample in the forming mold.
The power system 2 can drive the upper pressure head 51 of the electrode to gradually densify the sample in the mold cavity under the assistance of the pressure.
Example two
The auxiliary sintering device for the powder metallurgy field is used for preparing a material sample by constant current, and comprises a forming box body 3, a forming die system 5, a power system 2, a current input system 1 and an induction heating system 4.
The forming box body 3 is a sealed box body capable of realizing a vacuum environment and is used as an internal cavity for sample preparation.
And the forming die system 5 is arranged inside the forming box body 3 and used for material preparation and forming.
And the power system 2 is butted with the upper end and the lower end of the forming die system 5, keeps sealed with the forming box body 3 and provides pressure for sample forming.
And the current input system 1 is communicated with the forming die system 5 and provides power for the electron migration in the material.
An induction heating system 4, which may surround the molding die system, provides heat energy to the material.
The current input system 1, the induction heating system 4 and the power system 2 jointly act on the forming die system 5, and samples with uniform tissues and stable structures are prepared through intelligent regulation and control by means of the coupling effect of current, pressure and high temperature.
The induction coil of the induction heating system 4 surrounds the die cavity of the material forming plate in the forming die system 5, the heating process of the sample is directly realized during the work of the induction coil, and at the moment, the effect of three-field coupling of pressure, current and induction heating can be realized.
When constant current I0 is kept for the prepared material, the sintering temperature is changed, the in-situ temperature of the material is sequentially increased from T1, T2 and T3.
EXAMPLE III
The powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device is used for preparing material samples at constant temperature and comprises a forming box body 3, a forming die system 5, a power system 2, a current input system 1 and an induction heating system 4.
The forming box 3 is a sealed box capable of realizing an argon atmosphere and serves as an internal cavity for sample preparation.
And the forming die system 5 is arranged inside the forming box body 3 and used for material preparation and forming.
And the power system 2 is butted with the upper end and the lower end of the forming die system 5, keeps sealed with the forming box body 3 and provides pressure for sample forming.
And the current input system 1 is communicated with the forming die system and provides power for the electron migration in the sample.
An induction heating system 4, which may surround the molding die system, provides thermal energy to the material sample.
The current input system 1, the induction heating system 4 and the power system 2 jointly act on the forming die system 5, and samples with uniform tissues and stable structures are prepared through intelligent regulation and control by means of the coupling effect of current, pressure and high temperature.
The induction coil of the induction heating system 4 surrounds the mold cavity of the sample forming plate in the forming mold system 5, the heating process of the sample is directly realized during the work of the induction coil, and at the moment, the effect of three-way coupling of pressure, current and induction heating can be realized.
When the constant temperature T0 is kept for the preparation material, the temperature is constant by means of the bidirectional coupling effect of the induction heating system and the current heating, only the current of the sintered sample is changed, the current value is promoted to In from I1 and I2.
Example four
The powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device is used for preparing material samples under constant temperature and constant current change gradient, and comprises a forming box body 3, a forming die system 5, a power system 2, a current input system 1 and an induction heating system 4.
The forming box 3 is a sealed box capable of realizing nitrogen atmosphere and serves as an internal cavity for sample preparation.
And the forming die system 5 is arranged inside the forming box body 3 and used for material preparation and forming.
And the power system 2 is butted with the upper end and the lower end of the forming die system 5, keeps sealed with the forming box body 3 and provides pressure for sample forming.
And the current input system 1 is communicated with the forming die system and provides power for the electron migration in the sample.
An induction heating system 4, which may surround the molding die system, provides thermal energy to the material sample.
The current input system 1, the induction heating system 4 and the power system 2 jointly act on the forming die system 5, and samples with uniform tissues and stable structures are prepared through intelligent regulation and control by means of the coupling effect of current, pressure and high temperature.
The induction coil of the induction heating system 4 surrounds the mould cavity of the sample forming plate in the forming mould system 5, the induction coil directly realizes the heating process of the sample during working, and at the moment, the effect of three-way coupling of pressure, current and induction heating can be realized.
When the constant temperature T0 is kept for the prepared material, the temperature is constant by means of the bidirectional coupling effect of an induction heating system and current heating, the current value of the sintered sample is increased from I1 to I2, the current is increased according to a specific gradient delta I in the process, the actual microstructure and the property profile of the sample are researched, the relation between the current gradient and the material microstructure is established, and the influence of the current gradient on the material microstructure and the property is quantitatively researched.
EXAMPLE five
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the lead 411 of the induction heating coil 41 is led out from the bottom wall of the forming box 3, and at this time, the bottom wall is only provided with the lead via hole 32, compared with the case that the lead of the induction heating coil is led out from the side surface of the forming box 3, the scheme solves the problem of lead motion sealing, and simultaneously, the inner heat insulation layer 31 is convenient to arrange. Further, the electrode upper ram 51 and the electrode lower ram 55 are sealed with the forming box 3 by bellows 6, 7.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The auxiliary sintering device for the coupled heating powder metallurgy field is characterized by comprising a forming box body, a forming die system, a power system, a current input system and an induction heating system, wherein the forming die system, the power system, the current input system and the induction heating system are arranged in the forming box body
The forming box body is a sealed box body capable of realizing a controllable atmosphere environment;
the forming die system is placed in the forming box body and used for material preparation and forming;
the power system is used for providing pressure for material densification in the material preparation and forming process;
the current input system is used for providing driving force for the electron migration in the material in the preparation and forming process of the material;
the induction heating system is used for heating materials in the preparation process of the materials,
the current input system and the induction heating system act on the material preparation and forming process according to a control strategy, so that the current and the temperature in the material preparation process are controllable.
2. The auxiliary sintering device for the coupled heating powder metallurgy field according to claim 1, wherein the forming box body is provided with an internal heat insulation layer, the internal heat insulation layer wraps the forming die system in a surrounding mode, heat concentration is achieved, and the temperature environment for material preparation is guaranteed to be uniform and stable.
3. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device according to claim 1, wherein the forming die system comprises an electrode upper pressing head, a graphite upper die, a material forming plate, a graphite lower die and an electrode lower pressing head, and the material forming plate is provided with a die cavity penetrating up and down.
4. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of claim 3, wherein the power system carries with it the movement of an electrode upper ram and/or an electrode lower ram of the forming die system to provide power for material densification.
5. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of claim 1, wherein the current input system has a current regulation function, and the current flowing through the inside of the forming die system is adjustable.
6. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field auxiliary sintering device of claim 1, wherein the induction heating system comprises an induction heating coil, a moving device and a connecting frame, the induction heating coil surrounds the forming die system, and the moving device is used for driving the induction heating coil to be instantaneously separated from or overlapped with the forming die system.
7. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of claim 1, wherein an induction heating frequency of the induction heating system is adjustable.
8. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of claim 1, wherein the control strategy is selected from the group consisting of: preparing a material sample under constant current, preparing the material sample under constant temperature, or preparing the material sample under constant temperature and constant current change gradient.
9. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of claim 1, wherein the controlled atmosphere environment of the forming box comprises a vacuum and a protective atmosphere, the protective atmosphere comprising a nitrogen atmosphere and an inert gas atmosphere.
10. The coupled heating powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the powder metallurgy field assisted sintering device is a scientific experimental device.
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