CN115502189B - Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system - Google Patents
Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115502189B CN115502189B CN202211155608.2A CN202211155608A CN115502189B CN 115502189 B CN115502189 B CN 115502189B CN 202211155608 A CN202211155608 A CN 202211155608A CN 115502189 B CN115502189 B CN 115502189B
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- separation
- photovoltaic module
- shell
- recovery system
- retired
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
- B09B2101/16—Batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system, which mainly comprises a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module and a second separation module; the heat treatment furnace is used for heating the retired photovoltaic modules so as to facilitate separation among structures, and the first separation module and the second separation module are respectively used for respectively recycling toughened glass, frames, welding strips and battery pieces of the retired photovoltaic modules; according to the technical scheme, the high-efficiency and automatic separation of the toughened glass, the frame, the battery piece, the welding strip and the ash slag of the retired photovoltaic component is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module treatment, in particular to a retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system.
Background
At present, china becomes the world with the largest photovoltaic module production country and the world with the largest photovoltaic power generation application country, and the next few years are the countries with the largest retirement amount of the photovoltaic modules.
The main components of the retired photovoltaic component are glass, an aluminum frame, a converging belt, a battery piece, a TPT back plate and the like, and at present, in order to achieve a double-carbon target, a technical method for separating and recycling the retired photovoltaic component, such as a crushing recycling method, is continuously developed in China, and the components such as the complete battery piece and the like are difficult to recycle through crushing the components; the organic solvent method utilizes the organic solvent to treat the photovoltaic module, the recovery efficiency is low, and the later organic waste liquid is difficult to treat; the high temperature treatment method can generate a great amount of harmful gas in the direct high temperature treatment process, thereby generating the problem of air pollution.
In the method, the high-temperature heat treatment method can be used for decomposing organic matters completely and efficiently, so that the effect of separating and recycling the battery piece and the toughened glass is achieved, but in the prior art, the battery piece, the ash and the welding strip are separated and recycled after the high-temperature treatment, so that a lot of manpower and time are required to be input, and no mature and effective separating system and method exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system, which realizes efficient and automatic separation of battery pieces, welding strips, ash residues, toughened glass and frames of retired photovoltaic modules.
The embodiment of the application provides a retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system, which comprises toughened glass, a frame, a battery piece and a welding strip, wherein the separation and recovery system comprises a heat treatment furnace, a first separation assembly and a second separation assembly;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity, wherein a conveying belt for conveying the photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt are arranged in the heating cavity;
The first separation assembly comprises a first shell, a plurality of separation rollers which are in butt joint with the conveying belt are arranged in the first shell, and the separation rollers are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt; any one of the separation rollers is provided with a spiral outer edge, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges of two adjacent separation rollers are opposite, and the outer edges are provided with tooth-shaped structures; the distance between two adjacent separating rollers is larger than the sizes of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the sizes of the toughened glass and the frame; the first shell is provided with a first discharge hole along the conveying direction of the separating roller, and the outer side of the first discharge hole is provided with toughened glass and a frame receiving platform which are in butt joint with the separating roller;
the first shell is internally provided with a first screening device, the first screening device is positioned below the separating roller, the mesh size of the first screening device is smaller than the size of the welding strip and larger than the size of the battery piece, the side wall of the first shell is provided with a second discharge hole corresponding to the first screening device, and the outer side of the second discharge hole is provided with a welding strip recovery device;
The second separation assembly comprises a second shell, the second shell is communicated with the outlet of the first screening device, the second screening device is installed in the second shell, the mesh size of the second screening device is smaller than that of the battery piece, a third discharge hole corresponding to the second screening device is formed in the side wall of the second shell, and a battery piece recovery device is installed outside the third discharge hole;
and the bottom of the second shell is also provided with an ash collection bin which is in butt joint with the second screening device.
In some embodiments, the surface of the conveying belt is uniformly provided with a plurality of ribs, the distance between the ribs is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of any rib is larger than the width of the photovoltaic module, and the height of any rib is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, the heating device is an electric radiation heating plate or a gas radiation heating plate, and a plurality of heating devices are uniformly arranged above and below the conveyor belt.
In some embodiments, the inner wall of the heating cavity is further provided with an insulation layer structure.
In some embodiments, the spiral outer edge of the separating roller is formed as an integral structure made of rubber.
In some embodiments, the first and second screens are configured as vibratory screens or mesh screens.
In some embodiments, the heat treatment furnace is further provided with a first exhaust gas outlet, and the first exhaust gas outlet is provided with a first induced draft fan.
In some embodiments, the first housing is further provided with a second exhaust gas outlet, and the second exhaust gas outlet is sequentially provided with a second induced draft fan and a bag-type dust collector.
In some embodiments, the heat treatment furnace, the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly are provided with flexible curtains at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, respectively.
In some embodiments, the solder strip recovery device and the battery piece recovery device are both provided as ultrasonic cleaning tanks.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the mode of current retired photovoltaic module separation recovery has been improved, through the separation of a plurality of roller separators, a plurality of screening machines automation ground completion photovoltaic glass and frame, welding area, battery piece, lime-ash, has accomplished the recovery of the thin component of photovoltaic, has reduced artifical input and consumption simultaneously, reaches simple, effectual recovery effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the separation and recovery system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the construction of the sweeping and separating roller of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the sweeping and separating roller structure of the present application;
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, a photovoltaic module includes tempered glass, a frame, a battery piece and a welding strip, and the separation and recovery system includes a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module and a second separation module;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity 11, wherein a conveying belt 12 for conveying the photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices 13 for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt 12 are arranged in the heating cavity 11;
The first separating assembly comprises a first shell 21, a plurality of separating rollers 22 butted with the conveying belt 12 are installed in the first shell 21, and the plurality of separating rollers 22 are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 12; any one of the separation rollers 22 is provided with a spiral outer edge 23, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges 23 of two adjacent separation rollers 22 are opposite, and the outer edges are provided with tooth-shaped structures 24; the spacing between two adjacent separating rollers 22 is larger than the size of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the size of the toughened glass and the frame; the first shell 21 is provided with a first discharge hole 25 along the conveying direction of the separating roller 22, and a toughened glass and frame receiving platform 26 which is in butt joint with the separating roller 22 is arranged outside the first discharge hole 25;
A first sieving device 27 is further installed in the first shell 21, the first sieving device 27 is located below the separation roller 22, the mesh size of the first sieving device 27 is smaller than the size of the welding strip and larger than the size of the battery piece, a second discharging hole 28 corresponding to the first sieving device 27 is formed in the side wall of the first shell 21, and a welding strip recovery device 29 is installed outside the second discharging hole 28;
the second separation assembly comprises a second shell 31, the second shell 31 is communicated with the outlet of the first sieving device 27, a second sieving device 32 is arranged in the second shell 31, the mesh size of the second sieving device 32 is smaller than that of a battery piece, a third discharge hole 33 corresponding to the second sieving device 32 is formed in the side wall of the second shell 31, and a battery piece recovery device 34 is arranged outside the third discharge hole 33;
The bottom of the second housing 31 is also provided with a ash collection bin 35 which interfaces with the second screen 32.
Specifically, before the retired photovoltaic module is recovered, the junction box at the back of the photovoltaic module is removed, then a separation recovery system is started, a heating device 13 is started in a heat treatment furnace to heat a heating cavity 11, after the temperature reaches a preset temperature, the photovoltaic module is placed on a conveying belt 12, the photovoltaic module is conveyed into the heat treatment furnace by the conveying belt 12 to be heated, and when the photovoltaic module is placed, a toughened glass plate of the photovoltaic module is placed upwards, after the photovoltaic module enters the heat treatment furnace, adhesive glue and the like between the photovoltaic module structures are subjected to hot melting through high-temperature heating, so that each structural module is degummed and separated, and the heated photovoltaic module is conveyed onto a separation roller 22 in a first shell 21 under the conveying of the conveying belt 12;
After the photovoltaic module is conveyed to the separation roller 22, under the rotation and transmission of a plurality of separation rollers 22, toughened glass with larger size is conveyed to the toughened glass and frame receiving platform 26 from the first discharge hole 25 under the transmission of the separation rollers 22; and the solder strips and the battery pieces having a size smaller than the gap between the separation rolls 22 fall from the gap between the separation rolls 22 to the first screen separator 27 below;
The mesh size of the first sifter 27 is larger than that of the battery pieces and smaller than that of the welding strip, so that under the sifting action of the first sifter 27, the battery pieces with smaller size can fall into the second sifter 32 below, while the welding strip with larger size can be sifted out by the first sifter 27 and falls into the welding strip recycling device 29 from the second discharge hole 28;
The mesh size of second screen separator 32 is less than the size of battery piece, therefore, under the screening effect of second screen separator 32, the battery piece can be sieved by second screen separator 32, drops in battery piece recovery unit 34 from third discharge gate 33, and impurity such as remaining lime-ash, can drop and just retrieve in the lime-ash collection bin 35 of bottom, and then accomplish whole retired photovoltaic module's recovery process.
Further, the surface of the conveyor belt 12 is uniformly provided with a plurality of ribs 14, the distance between the ribs 14 is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of any rib 14 is larger than the width of the photovoltaic module, and the height of any rib 14 is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is arranged on the ribs 14 to be heated more uniformly, degumming and separation between structures are facilitated, in the embodiment, the ribs 14 are arranged as stainless steel ribs 14, the number of the ribs 14 on the conveying belt 12 is twenty, the width of each rib 14 is 1.2 m, the height is 0.1 m, and the interval between the ribs 14 is 1 m.
Further, the heating devices 13 are configured as electric radiant heating plates or gas radiant heating plates, and a plurality of the heating devices 13 are uniformly arranged above and below the conveyor belt 12. In this embodiment, the number of the heating devices 13 is eight, and the heating devices are distributed above and below the conveyor belt 12 to uniformly heat, thereby improving the heating efficiency.
Further, the heat insulation layer structure 15 is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the heating cavity 11, so that heat dissipation in the heating cavity 11 is prevented, and the constancy of the internal temperature is ensured.
Further, the spiral outer edges 23 of the separation rollers 22 are integrally formed with rubber materials, in this embodiment, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges 23 on two adjacent separation rollers 22 are opposite, so that the photovoltaic module can be prevented from deviating in the conveying process, and stable conveying of the photovoltaic module is ensured.
Further, the first and second sifters 27 and 32 are provided as vibratory sifters or mesh belt sifters.
Further, the heat treatment furnace is further provided with a first waste gas outlet 16, and the first waste gas outlet 16 is provided with a first induced draft fan 17 for discharging waste gas generated in the heating process of the photovoltaic module.
Further, the first housing 21 is further provided with a second exhaust gas outlet 210, and the second exhaust gas outlet 210 is sequentially provided with a second induced draft fan 211 and a bag-type dust collector 212, so as to discharge the exhaust gas and dust in the first housing 21.
Further, a flexible curtain 4 is respectively arranged at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the heat treatment furnace, the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly.
Further, the solder strip recovery device 29 and the battery piece recovery device 34 are both provided with an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and the ultrasonic cleaning is respectively performed while the recovery is performed, so that the recovery quality is improved.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (7)
1. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system is characterized by comprising a heat treatment furnace, a first separation assembly and a second separation assembly;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity, wherein a conveying belt for conveying the photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt are arranged in the heating cavity;
The first separation assembly comprises a first shell, a plurality of separation rollers which are in butt joint with the conveying belt are arranged in the first shell, and the separation rollers are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt; any one of the separation rollers is provided with a spiral outer edge, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges of two adjacent separation rollers are opposite, and the outer edges are provided with tooth-shaped structures; the distance between two adjacent separating rollers is larger than the sizes of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the sizes of the toughened glass and the frame; the first shell is provided with a first discharge hole along the conveying direction of the separating roller, and the outer side of the first discharge hole is provided with toughened glass and a frame receiving platform which are in butt joint with the separating roller;
the first shell is internally provided with a first screening device, the first screening device is positioned below the separating roller, the mesh size of the first screening device is smaller than the size of the welding strip and larger than the size of the battery piece, the side wall of the first shell is provided with a second discharge hole corresponding to the first screening device, and the outer side of the second discharge hole is provided with a welding strip recovery device;
The second separation assembly comprises a second shell, the second shell is communicated with the outlet of the first screening device, the second screening device is installed in the second shell, the mesh size of the second screening device is smaller than that of the battery piece, a third discharge hole corresponding to the second screening device is formed in the side wall of the second shell, and a battery piece recovery device is installed outside the third discharge hole;
The bottom of the second shell is also provided with an ash collection bin which is in butt joint with the second screening device;
The surface of the conveying belt is uniformly provided with a plurality of ribs, the distance between the ribs is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of any rib is larger than the width of the photovoltaic module, and the height of any rib is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic module;
The first shell is also provided with a second waste gas outlet, and the second waste gas outlet is provided with a second induced draft fan and a cloth bag dust remover in sequence;
the welding strip recovery device and the battery piece recovery device are both arranged as an ultrasonic cleaning tank.
2. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heating device is configured as an electrical radiant heating plate or a gas radiant heating plate, and a plurality of heating devices are uniformly arranged above and below the conveyor belt.
3. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the heating chamber inner wall is further provided with an insulation layer structure.
4. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the helical outer edge of the separation roller is configured as an integrally molded structure of rubber material.
5. The retired photovoltaic module separation recovery system of claim 1, wherein the first screen and second screen are configured as vibratory screens or mesh screens.
6. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment furnace is further provided with a first exhaust outlet, the first exhaust outlet being provided with a first induced draft fan.
7. The retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the heat treatment furnace, the first separation module and the second separation module are respectively provided with a flexible curtain.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202211155608.2A CN115502189B (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system |
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CN202211155608.2A CN115502189B (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system |
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CN115502189B true CN115502189B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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