CN115498343B - Protective device for lithium battery, lithium battery and electric equipment - Google Patents
Protective device for lithium battery, lithium battery and electric equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115498343B CN115498343B CN202211086289.4A CN202211086289A CN115498343B CN 115498343 B CN115498343 B CN 115498343B CN 202211086289 A CN202211086289 A CN 202211086289A CN 115498343 B CN115498343 B CN 115498343B
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- lithium battery
- core
- pressure release
- cavity
- protective device
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000004015 abortifacient agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 231100000641 abortifacient agent Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011088 parchment paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 53
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical group FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a protection device for a lithium battery, the lithium battery and electric equipment. The protection device comprises: the lithium battery comprises a shell, a lithium battery and a lithium battery, wherein a hollow inner cavity is formed in the shell, the shell is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end which are opposite to each other, the air inlet end is suitable for being connected with the interior of the lithium battery, and the air outlet end is communicated with the external environment; a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the air intake end and configured to deliver an internal gas into the interior cavity when an internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value; and the abortifacient mechanism is arranged on the shell, is arranged between the pressure release mechanism and the air outlet end, and is configured to input an abortifacient agent for flame retardance into the inner cavity, so that the air conveyed into the inner cavity is mixed with the abortifacient agent and then discharged from the air outlet end. The protection device can timely and effectively abortive the combustible gas released by the lithium battery, prevent the combustible gas from burning, and improve the safety performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a protection device for a lithium battery, the lithium battery and electric equipment.
Background
Lithium ion batteries (commonly called "lithium batteries") are one of the most common secondary batteries at present, and mainly rely on the reciprocating intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions on a positive electrode sheet to realize repeated charge and discharge. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high voltage, large specific energy, long cycle life, no memory and the like, so that the lithium ion battery is widely applied to various fields such as smart phones, portable computers, electric automobiles, medical appliances, aerospace and the like.
The lithium Battery in the prior art mainly comprises an electric core and a Battery management system (i.e. Battery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM). The battery cell generally comprises a shell, positive and negative electrodes arranged in the shell, a diaphragm arranged between the positive and negative electrodes, electrolyte and other components. In the actual charge and discharge process, the lithium battery is easy to generate excessive heat, expand and bulge, even spontaneous combustion and explosion and the like, so that the safety performance of the lithium battery is greatly restricted. On the one hand, the cathode materials (such as lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, etc.) of the lithium battery in a charged state are decomposed if the state is unstable and release oxygen at high temperature, so that the organic solvent in the electrolyte reacts with the oxygen to generate much heat. On the other hand, under the action of a certain voltage, the electrolyte itself may react to release a large amount of heat. In addition, the reasons such as the wrinkling and breakage of the diaphragm and the connection of metal scraps with the positive electrode and the negative electrode also cause the short circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that a large amount of heat is generated in a short time. After the electrolyte is boiled and volatilized under the action of heat, a large amount of inflammable gas can be generated, and the inflammable gas is extremely easy to ignite under the action of heat, so that the pressure in the sealed shell is increased sharply, and the lithium battery is bulged or even exploded.
In order to improve the safety performance of lithium batteries, a lithium battery with a pressure relief device has been developed in the prior art. For example, chinese patent No. CN110649207B discloses a fire prevention and control explosion-proof valve for lithium battery box. The anti-explosion valve comprises an anti-explosion valve shell, a sealing cover movably arranged on the anti-explosion valve shell, a gas actuator assembly for driving the sealing cover, a monitoring module assembly and the like. When the battery cell is out of control or the internal circuit of the battery box fires, a large amount of flammable gases such as CO, H 2、CH4 and the like are released, and the temperature and the pressure are increased. Therefore, when the monitoring module component monitors that the temperature, the pressure and the combustible concentration of the lithium battery box are abnormal, the actuator component is matched with the sealing cover to open, so that gas in the lithium battery box is discharged. However, the anti-explosion valve cannot effectively treat inflammable gases, so that the inflammable gases with high temperature are easy to react with oxygen in the external environment in the pressure release process to be ignited or continuously combusted.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve or solve the technical problem that the pressure relief device for the lithium battery in the prior art cannot effectively treat inflammable gas to a certain extent, the invention provides a protection device for the lithium battery. The guard includes: a housing having a hollow interior formed therein and having opposed inlet and outlet ends, the inlet end adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery and the outlet end in communication with an external environment; a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the air intake end and configured to deliver the internal gas into the interior cavity when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value; and the abortifacient mechanism is arranged on the shell and between the pressure relief mechanism and the air outlet end, and is configured to input an abortifacient agent for flame retardance into the inner cavity, so that the gas conveyed into the inner cavity is mixed with the abortifacient agent and then discharged from the air outlet end.
The protection device for the lithium battery comprises a shell, a pressure release mechanism and an abortive mechanism. A hollow interior cavity is formed within the housing to provide sufficient space for handling gases released from the lithium battery. The housing has opposite inlet and outlet ends, wherein the inlet end is adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery and the outlet end is in communication with the external environment such that gas within the lithium battery can be vented to the external environment through the housing. The pressure release mechanism is arranged on the air inlet end so as to control pressure release time more accurately according to the change of the internal pressure of the lithium battery. The pressure release mechanism is configured to convey internal gas into the inner cavity when the internal pressure of the lithium battery exceeds a preset value, so that the phenomena of bulging, explosion and the like caused by the overlarge internal pressure of the lithium battery are avoided, and the safety performance of the lithium battery is improved. The abortifacient mechanism is arranged on the shell and positioned between the pressure release mechanism and the air outlet end. When the pressure in the lithium battery is too high, the gas in the lithium battery is conveyed into the inner cavity by the pressure release mechanism. At this time, the abortifacient mechanism can input an abortifacient agent for resisting flame into the inner cavity so as to timely and effectively abortifacient the gas released by the lithium battery. The gas is fully mixed with the abortifacient and then discharged from the gas outlet end, and can not directly contact with oxygen in the external environment, so that the combustion phenomenon can be effectively prevented, and the safety performance of the lithium battery is further improved.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for a lithium battery, the pressure release mechanism includes: the cylinder body is fixed on the air inlet end and can be communicated with the inner part and the inner cavity; the pressure release core is movably fixed in the cylinder body; and the two ends of the pre-tightening elastic piece are respectively fixed on the cylinder body and the pressure release core, when the pressure of the inner part does not exceed the preset value, the pre-tightening elastic piece can apply pre-tightening force to the pressure release core to enable the pressure release core to be kept at a sealing position for isolating the inner part and the inner cavity, and when the pressure of the inner part exceeds the preset value, the pressure release core overcomes the pre-tightening force and moves to a pressure release position for communicating the inner part and the inner cavity. Through the cooperation of pressure release core and barrel, can be isolated and communicate the inside of lithium cell and the inner chamber of shell conveniently to satisfy the pressure release requirement. In addition, the arrangement of the pre-tightening elastic piece can also conveniently control the pressure release core to switch between the sealing position and the pressure release position.
In a preferred embodiment of the above-described protection device for a lithium battery, the cylinder includes a connecting cylinder and a receiving cylinder which are communicated with each other, the connecting cylinder has a connecting cavity adapted to communicate with the interior, and the receiving cylinder has a receiving groove communicable with the interior cavity, wherein a diameter D1 of the receiving groove is larger than a diameter D2 of the connecting cavity. Through foretell setting for when the pressure release core is in the pressure release position, the holding tank has great space in order to allow the quick passage of the gas of connecting the intracavity, thereby improves the efficiency of pressure release.
In a preferred embodiment of the above-described protection device for a lithium battery, the pressure release core comprises a movable rod and a sealing core which are connected to each other, the movable rod being slidably fixed in the connecting cylinder, the sealing core being configured to be supportable against the receiving groove to close the connecting cavity and to be movable away from the receiving groove to open the connecting cavity, wherein the sealing core has a diameter D3, and D1 > D3 > D2. The diameter D3 of the sealing core is smaller than the diameter D1 of the accommodating groove, so that the sealing core can slide freely in the accommodating groove, and when the sealing core is far away from the accommodating groove, gas in the connecting cavity can be conveniently discharged to the external environment along a gap between the sealing core and the accommodating groove. In addition, the diameter D3 of the seal core is set larger than the diameter D2 of the connection chamber, and the reliability of the seal core to isolate the connection chamber can be ensured.
In the preferred embodiment of the above-described protection device for a lithium battery, an annular connecting wall is provided in the connecting cylinder near the accommodating cylinder, the annular connecting wall has a central through hole allowing the movable rod to pass therethrough and a plurality of ventilation holes spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and each of the ventilation holes is configured to be communicable with the connecting chamber and the accommodating groove. The arrangement of the vent holes enables the containing groove and the connecting cavity to be effectively isolated when the sealing core is abutted against the containing groove, and meanwhile, smooth air communication between the containing groove and the connecting cavity can be ensured when the sealing core is far away from the containing groove.
In the above-described preferred embodiment of the protector for a lithium battery, an annular protrusion extending radially outward is formed at an end of the movable rod remote from the seal core, and the pre-tightening elastic member has a first end fixed to the annular connecting wall and a second end fixed to the annular protrusion. By the arrangement described above, the pretensioned elastic member can be stably and reliably fixed between the connecting cylinder and the movable rod so as to exert a reliable restraining action on the seal core.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for lithium battery, a hollow cavity extending along the central line direction of the pressure release core is provided in the middle of the pressure release core, and a waterproof and breathable film allowing air intercommunication between the external environment and the cavity is further provided on the sealing core. Through foretell setting for when the pressure release core is in sealed position, the inside air intercommunication that can form through waterproof ventilated membrane and external environment of lithium cell, in order to guarantee that the inside pressure of lithium cell maintains in reasonable within range. In addition, the waterproof breathable film can prevent impurities such as moisture in the external environment from entering the lithium battery, and the stability of the structure is guaranteed.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for lithium battery, the waterproof and breathable film is parchment paper, cellophane or a polymer biofilm. Through foretell setting, can enrich the product type of waterproof ventilated membrane, satisfy different user's differentiation demand.
In the preferred embodiment of the protective device for a lithium battery described above, the cavity includes a cylindrical section extending along the center line and a tapered section having a diameter gradually increasing from the cylindrical section toward the waterproof and breathable film. The conical section is arranged, so that the space of the cavity near the waterproof breathable film can be increased, and the efficiency of gas in the cavity passing through the waterproof breathable film is improved.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for lithium battery, the abortive mechanism includes: the storage device is used for storing the abortive agent; a feed port disposed on the housing and in communication with the hopper; and a feeder configured to deliver the abortifacient agent within the container from the feed port into the inner cavity. Through the arrangement, the abortifacient can be conveniently conveyed into the inner cavity.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for lithium battery, the abortive agent is a halogen flame retardant, an organic phosphorus flame retardant or an organic silicon flame retardant. Through the arrangement, the product types of the abortifacients can be enriched, and the differentiated requirements of different users are met.
In a preferred embodiment of the above protection device for a lithium battery, the protection device further comprises a flame retardant mechanism disposed on the air outlet end, the flame retardant mechanism comprising at least one flame retardant core. And the flame-retardant mechanism is arranged at the air outlet end, so that open fire can be effectively blocked, and the safety performance of the lithium battery is further improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the above-described protective device for a lithium battery, the protective device further includes a detection mechanism including one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas concentration sensor disposed within the inner cavity. The detection mechanism is arranged, so that the internal pressure, the temperature and the concentration of the released combustible gas of the lithium battery can be accurately detected, and data support can be provided for verifying the reliability of the protection device and other subsequent safety control.
In the above preferred technical solution of the protection device for lithium battery, the detection mechanism further includes a micro switch matched with the pressure release mechanism. The micro switch is arranged, so that whether the pressure release mechanism is at the sealing position or the pressure release position can be conveniently determined, and the state of the internal pressure of the lithium battery is represented.
In order to improve or solve the technical problem that the pressure relief device for the lithium battery in the prior art cannot effectively treat inflammable gas to a certain extent, the invention provides a lithium battery. The lithium battery includes a protective device for a lithium battery as defined in any one of the above. By adopting the protective device for the lithium battery, the lithium battery can timely and effectively perform abortifacient treatment on the released combustible gas, prevent combustion phenomena and improve the safety performance of the lithium battery.
In order to improve or solve the technical problem that the pressure relief device for the lithium battery in the prior art cannot effectively treat inflammable gas to a certain extent, the invention provides electric equipment. The powered device includes the lithium battery described above. The electric equipment can timely and effectively perform the abortive treatment on the combustible gas released by the lithium battery, prevent the combustion phenomenon and ensure the safety performance of the electric equipment.
Scheme 1. A protector for lithium battery, characterized by, the protector includes: a housing having a hollow interior formed therein and having opposed inlet and outlet ends, the inlet end adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery and the outlet end in communication with an external environment; a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the air intake end and configured to deliver the internal gas into the interior cavity when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value; and the abortifacient mechanism is arranged on the shell and between the pressure relief mechanism and the air outlet end, and is configured to input an abortifacient agent for flame retardance into the inner cavity, so that the gas conveyed into the inner cavity is mixed with the abortifacient agent and then discharged from the air outlet end.
The protection device for a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the pressure release mechanism includes: the cylinder body is fixed on the air inlet end and can be communicated with the inner part and the inner cavity; the pressure release core is movably fixed in the cylinder body; and the two ends of the pre-tightening elastic piece are respectively fixed on the cylinder body and the pressure release core, when the pressure of the inner part does not exceed the preset value, the pre-tightening elastic piece can apply pre-tightening force to the pressure release core to enable the pressure release core to be kept at a sealing position for isolating the inner part and the inner cavity, and when the pressure of the inner part exceeds the preset value, the pressure release core overcomes the pre-tightening force and moves to a pressure release position for communicating the inner part and the inner cavity.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 2, wherein the cylinder includes a connecting cylinder and a receiving cylinder that are communicated with each other, the connecting cylinder has a connecting chamber adapted to communicate with the inside, and the receiving cylinder has a receiving groove communicable with the inside chamber, wherein a diameter D1 of the receiving groove is larger than a diameter D2 of the connecting chamber.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein the pressure release core includes a movable rod and a seal core that are connected to each other, the movable rod being slidably fixed in the connection cylinder, the seal core being configured to be supportable on the accommodation groove to close the connection chamber and to be supportable away from the accommodation groove to open the connection chamber, wherein the seal core has a diameter D3, and D1 > D3 > D2.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein an annular connecting wall is provided in the connecting cylinder near the receiving cylinder, the annular connecting wall has a central through hole allowing the movable rod to pass therethrough and a plurality of vent holes spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction, and each of the vent holes is configured to communicate the connecting chamber and the receiving groove.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 5, wherein an annular protrusion extending radially outward is formed at an end of the movable rod remote from the seal core, and the pre-tightening elastic member has a first end fixed to the annular connecting wall and a second end fixed to the annular protrusion.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein a hollow cavity extending in the direction of the center line of the pressure release core is provided in the middle of the pressure release core, and a waterproof and breathable film allowing air communication between the external environment and the cavity is further provided on the sealing core.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 7, wherein the waterproof breathable film is parchment paper, cellophane or a polymer biofilm.
The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 7, wherein the cavity includes a cylindrical section extending along the center line and a tapered section having a diameter gradually increasing from the cylindrical section toward the waterproof and breathable film.
The lithium battery protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the abortive mechanism comprises: the storage device is used for storing the abortive agent; a feed port disposed on the housing and in communication with the hopper; and a feeder configured to deliver the abortifacient agent within the container from the feed port into the inner cavity.
The lithium battery protection device according to claim 10, wherein the abortive agent is a halogen flame retardant, an organic phosphorus flame retardant, or an organic silicon flame retardant.
The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 1, further comprising a flame retardant mechanism disposed on the gas outlet end, the flame retardant mechanism comprising at least one flame retardant core.
The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 1, further comprising a detection mechanism comprising one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas concentration sensor disposed within the lumen.
The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 13, wherein the detection mechanism further comprises a microswitch associated with the pressure relief mechanism.
Solution 15. A lithium battery, characterized in that the lithium battery comprises a protection device for a lithium battery according to any one of the solutions 1-14.
Scheme 16. An electrical device, characterized in that it comprises a lithium battery according to scheme 15.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the protection device for a lithium battery of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a pressure relief mechanism in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a can in the protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a can in a protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a seal core in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a seal core in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the lithium battery of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1. A protective device; 10. a housing; 11. a housing body; 111. an air inlet end; 112. a aborting section; 113. a connection section; 114. a flame retardant section; 115. an air outlet end; 1151. an air outlet; 12. an inner cavity; 20. a pressure release mechanism; 21. a cylinder; 211. a connecting cylinder; 2111. a connecting cylinder body; 2112. a connecting cavity; 2113. an annular connecting wall; 21131. a central through hole; 21132. a vent hole; 212. a receiving cylinder; 2121. a substrate; 2122. a circumferential wall; 2123. a receiving groove; 22. a pressure release core; 221. a movable rod; 2211. a movable rod body; 2212. an annular protrusion; 222. a seal core; 2221. a seal core body; 2222. an open mouth; 2223. a waterproof breathable film; 223. a cavity; 2231. a cylindrical section; 2232. a conical section; 224. a shielding plate; 2241. a shield plate body; 22411. a ventilation port; 2242. a fixing part; 23. a pre-tightening elastic member; 231. a first end; 232. a second end; 30. a drop mechanism; 31. a feed port; 40. a flame retardant mechanism; 41. a fire-retardant core; 50. a detection mechanism; 51. a pressure sensor; 52. a combustible gas concentration sensor; 531. a micro-switch; 532. a fixed bracket; 2. a lithium battery.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be communicated with the inside of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In order to improve or solve the technical problem that the pressure relief device for the lithium battery in the prior art cannot effectively treat inflammable gas to a certain extent, the invention provides a protection device 1 for a lithium battery 2. The protection device 1 includes: a housing 10, a hollow inner cavity 12 is formed in the housing 10, and the housing 10 has an opposite air inlet end 111 and an air outlet end 115, the air inlet end 111 being adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery 2, the air outlet end 115 being in communication with the external environment; a pressure relief mechanism 20, the pressure relief mechanism 20 being disposed on the air intake end 111 and configured to deliver internal gas into the interior cavity 12 when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value; and an abortifacient mechanism 30, wherein the abortifacient mechanism 30 is disposed on the housing 10 and between the pressure release mechanism 20 and the air outlet end 115, and is configured to input an abortifacient agent for flame retardation into the inner cavity 12, so that the air fed into the inner cavity 12 is mixed with the abortifacient agent and then discharged from the air outlet end 115.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the protection device for a lithium battery of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a pressure relief mechanism in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a can in the protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a can in a protective device for a lithium battery according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a seal core in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention; fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a seal core in a protective device for a lithium battery of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-7, in one or more embodiments, the protection device 1 for a lithium battery 2 of the present invention includes a housing 10, a pressure release mechanism 20, and an abortifacient mechanism 30. Alternatively, the protective device 1 further comprises a flame retardant mechanism 40 and/or a detection mechanism 50.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the housing 10 has a housing body 11. The housing body 11 may be formed of a suitable metal material such as stainless steel, so that it has good mechanical properties. The housing body 11 encloses a hollow interior 12 to provide sufficient space for handling the gases released from the lithium battery 2. The housing 10 has opposed inlet and outlet ends 111, 115. Based on the orientation shown in fig. 1 and 2, the inlet end 111 is located on the right side of the housing body 11, and the outlet end 115 is located on the left side of the housing body 11 and on the upper portion of the housing body 11. The air inlet 111 is adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery 2 such that the interior of the lithium battery 2 is in communication with the interior cavity 12 of the housing 10. A generally circular air outlet 1151 is provided at the air outlet end 115 so that the interior cavity 12 of the housing 10 is in air communication with the external environment. In one or more embodiments, the housing body 11 includes an abortifacient section 112, a connection section 113, and a flame retardant section 114 in that order along a direction from the inlet end 111 to the outlet end 115. Wherein the aborting section 112 encloses a generally cylindrical interior space to receive an aborting agent delivered into the lumen 12 by the aborting mechanism 30. The connecting section 113 encloses a generally U-shaped interior space to connect the abortive section 112 and the flame-retardant section 114. The flame retardant section 114 encloses a generally cylindrical interior space to receive the flame retardant mechanism 40. It should be noted that the above-described housing body 11 is still applicable when the flame retardant mechanism 40 is not provided in the protection device 1. At this time, the inner spaces of the abortifacient section 112, the connection section 113 and the flame retardant section 114 may be used to abortifacient the gas released from the lithium battery 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pressure release mechanism 20 is disposed at the air intake end 111 and is configured to deliver the gas inside the lithium battery 2 into the inner chamber 12 when the pressure inside the lithium battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value. Referring to fig. 3-7, in one or more embodiments, pressure relief mechanism 20 includes a cartridge 21, a pressure relief core 22, and a pre-load spring 23 that cooperate with one another. The cylinder 21 is fixed to the intake end 111. The pressure release core 22 is movably fixed in the cylinder 21. Both ends of the pre-tightening elastic member 23 are fixed to the cylinder 21 and the pressure release core 22, respectively. In the assembled state, the pre-tightening elastic member 23 may apply a pre-tightening force to the pressure release core 22 to maintain it in a "sealing position" isolating the interior of the lithium battery 2 from the interior cavity 12 of the housing 10 when the pressure inside the lithium battery 2 does not exceed a predetermined value, and the pressure release core 22 will overcome the pre-tightening force of the pre-tightening elastic member 23 and move to a "pressure release position" communicating the interior of the lithium battery 2 with the interior cavity 12 of the housing 10 when the pressure inside the lithium battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value. The specific value of the predetermined value can be adjusted according to actual needs.
With continued reference to fig. 3-5, the cartridge 21 includes a connector barrel 211 and a receiver barrel 212 in communication with each other. The coupling cylinder 211 and the receiving cylinder 212 may be integrally formed of a suitable material (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) to simplify the processing process. The connector barrel 211 has a generally cylindrical connector barrel body 2111. Alternatively, the connecting cylinder body 2111 may be provided in other suitable shapes, such as square cylinders, etc. The connection cylinder 211 has a hollow connection chamber 2112 so that the connection cylinder 211 can be conveniently communicated with the inside of the lithium battery 2. In one or more embodiments, the connection chamber 2112 has a generally cylindrical shape. Connecting lumen 2112 has a diameter D2. The specific value of D2 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Alternatively, the connection chamber 2112 may be provided in a square column shape or other suitable shape.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in one or more embodiments, an annular connecting wall 2113 is also provided in the connecting chamber 2112. Specifically, the annular connecting wall 2113 is positioned near the accommodation barrel 212. The annular connecting wall 2113 is configured to extend radially inward from an inner wall of the connecting cylinder 211. The annular connecting wall 2113 has a generally annular shape. Alternatively, annular connecting wall 2113 may be provided in a square annular shape or other suitable shape. A central through hole 21131 is provided in the middle of the annular connecting wall 2113 to allow the movable rod 221 of the pressure release core 22 to pass therethrough. Also provided on the annular connecting wall 2113 are 8 vent holes 21132 which are uniformly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction thereof. Each vent hole 21132 has a generally circular shape. Alternatively, the vent holes 21132 may be provided in a square, regular hexagon, or other suitable shape. Alternatively, the number of vent holes 21132 may be set to other suitable numbers greater or less than 8, such as 7, 9, etc. The provision of the vent hole 21132 not only facilitates the formation of a clear air communication between the connection chamber 2112 of the connection cylinder 211 and the accommodation groove 2123 of the accommodation cylinder 212, but also facilitates the sealing of the connection chamber 2112 by the sealing core 222 of the pressure release core 22. Alternatively, annular connecting wall 2113 may not be provided in connecting chamber 2112, i.e., connecting chamber 2112 communicates directly with receiving groove 2123.
With continued reference to fig. 3-5, the pod 212 has a generally circular base plate 2121 and a circumferential wall 2122 extending perpendicularly from the circumferential edge of the base plate 2121 toward a direction away from the connector barrel 211 (i.e., to the left based on the orientation shown in fig. 3 and 4). The circumferential wall 2122 is fixed to the air intake end 111 to achieve a fixed connection between the cylinder 21 and the housing 10. The fixing mode includes but is not limited to screwing, clamping, bonding and the like. Together, the base plate 2121 and the circumferential wall 2122 enclose a receiving groove 2123 that opens in a direction away from the connecting cylinder 211. That is, the receiving groove 2123 may communicate with the inner cavity 12 of the housing 10. The receiving groove 2123 is configured to receive the seal core 222 of the pressure relief core 22 and allow the seal core 222 to move within the receiving groove 2123. The receiving groove 2123 has a substantially cylindrical shape. The diameter of the receiving groove 2123 is D1. Wherein the diameter D1 of the receiving groove 2123 is larger than the diameter D2 of the connection chamber 2112, so that the receiving groove 2123 has a larger space when the pressure release core 22 is at the pressure release position to allow the gas in the connection chamber 2112 to pass through quickly, thereby improving the pressure release efficiency. Alternatively, the base plate 2121 may be provided in a square shape or other suitable shape.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in one or more embodiments, the pressure relief core 22 includes a movable rod 221 and a seal core 222 that are coupled to one another. The movable rod 221 and the seal core 222 may be integrally formed of a suitable material (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) to simplify the manufacturing process. The movable rod 221 is slidably fixed in the connection chamber 2112. The movable bar 221 has a generally cylindrical movable bar body 2211. In one or more embodiments, the movable rod body 2211 is inserted into the central through hole 21131 of the annular connecting wall 2113 and is slidable in the direction of the center line of the central through hole 21131. Alternatively, the movable bar 221 may be provided in a square column shape or other suitable shape. In one or more embodiments, an annular projection 2212 extending radially outward is provided at an end of the movable rod 221 remote from the seal core 222 (based on the orientation shown in fig. 6, i.e., the right end) to securely fix the second end 232 of the pre-tension spring 23.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in one or more embodiments, the seal core 222 has a generally cylindrical seal core body 2221. The diameter of the seal core 222 is D3 (i.e., the diameter of the seal core body 2221 is also D3). Wherein D1 > D3 > D2. That is, the diameter D3 of the seal core 222 is smaller than the diameter D1 of the receiving groove 2123 and larger than the diameter D2 of the connection chamber 2112. The diameter D3 of the seal core 222 is set smaller than the diameter D1 of the accommodation groove 2123, not only can the seal core 222 be ensured to freely slide in the accommodation groove 2123, but also the gas in the connection chamber 2112 can be easily discharged to the outside environment along the gap between the seal core 222 and the accommodation groove 2123 when the seal core 222 is away from the accommodation groove 2123. In addition, the diameter D3 of the seal core 222 is set larger than the diameter D2 of the connection chamber 2112, and also the seal core 222 can be made to seal the connection chamber 2112 easily, ensuring the reliability of the seal.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in one or more embodiments, a cavity 223 extending in the direction of its centerline is provided in the middle of the pressure relief core 22, and a waterproof and breathable membrane 2223 is provided on the side of the seal core body 2221 remote from the movable rod 221 (based on the orientation shown in fig. 7, i.e., the right side) to allow the external environment to communicate with the cavity 223 in air. Specifically, a substantially circular opening 2222 is provided on the right side of the seal core body 2221, and a waterproof and breathable film 2223 is fixed in the opening 2222. The waterproof and breathable film 2223 has a moderate porosity so that small-particle gas molecules can pass therethrough, and so that large-particle water molecules and the like are isolated from impurities. The waterproof and breathable membrane 2223 may be, but is not limited to, parchment, cellophane, polymeric biofilms, and the like. The fixing manner includes but is not limited to bonding, clamping and the like. In one or more embodiments, the cavity 223 includes a cylindrical section 2231 and a conical section 2232 that communicate with one another. Based on the orientation shown in fig. 7, cylindrical segment 2231 is configured to extend rightward from the left end of movable bar 221 along the centerline of pressure relief core 22. The tapered section 2232 gradually increases in diameter from the right side of the cylindrical section 2231 toward the direction approaching the waterproof and breathable film 2223 (i.e., rightward). By the above arrangement, the cavity 223 is provided with a larger space near the waterproof and breathable film 2223, so as to improve the efficiency of the gas in the cavity 223 passing through the waterproof and breathable film 2223.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in one or more embodiments, a shield 224 is also provided on the seal core 222. The shield 224 has a generally circular shield body 2241. The shielding plate body 2241 has substantially the same diameter as the receiving groove 2123 to function as a protection for the seal core 222. Alternatively, the shield body 2241 may be provided in a square or other suitable shape so long as it can fit into the receiving groove 2123. The shield body 2241 may be machined from a suitable material such as stainless steel. A plurality of ventilation openings 22411 spaced apart from each other are formed in the shielding plate body 2241. The number, shape and arrangement of the ventilation openings 22411 can be adjusted according to actual needs. A generally cylindrical securing portion 2242 is also provided at the center of the shield body 2241. The fixing portion 2242 is configured to be fixable to the seal core body 2221. The fixing mode includes but is not limited to screw connection, clamping connection and the like.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in one or more embodiments, the pre-load spring 23 is a helical spring. Alternatively, the pre-tensioned elastic member 23 may be provided as another suitable elastic member, such as a serpentine arch spring or the like. The pre-load spring 23 has opposite first and second ends 231, 232. In one or more embodiments, the first end 231 is secured to the annular connecting wall 2113 and the second end 232 is secured to the annular protrusion 2212 of the movable bar 221. Alternatively, the first and second ends 231, 232 may be secured in other suitable locations. The pre-load spring 23 has a suitable pre-load force (i.e., the pre-load spring 23 is moderately contracted) such that the annular projection 2212 has a tendency to move away from the annular connecting wall 2113, thereby driving the seal core 222 of the pressure relief core 22 to remain in a sealed position against the receiving groove 2123. In addition, the pre-tightening elastic member 23 has a moderate elastic coefficient, so that when the internal pressure of the lithium battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value, the gas inside the lithium battery 2 can overcome the constraint action of the pre-tightening elastic member 23, and then push the sealing core 222 to move to the pressure release position away from the accommodating groove 2123.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one or more embodiments, the drop mechanism 30 includes a feed port 31, a hopper, a feeder (not shown), and the like. Wherein the reservoir is configured to store an abortifacient. The abortifacients include, but are not limited to, halogen-based flame retardants, organic phosphorus-based flame retardants, silicone-based flame retardants, and the like. In one or more embodiments, the abortifacient is heptafluoropropane. The feed port 31 is formed in the drop section 112 of the housing 10 and communicates with the hopper. The feeder is configured to deliver the abortifacient in the reservoir from the feed port 31 into the interior cavity 12. The feeder may be a solenoid valve, screw feeder or other suitable feeding means. When the pressure inside the lithium battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value, the pressure release core 22 of the pressure release mechanism 20 is pushed to the pressure release position by the gas inside the lithium battery 2, so that the gas inside the lithium battery 2 enters the inner cavity 12. At this time, the abortifacient mechanism 30 controls the input of the abortifacient agent for flame retardance into the inner cavity 12, so that inflammable gas is fully mixed with the abortifacient agent, the probability of combusting inflammable gas is reduced, and the safety performance of the lithium battery 2 is further improved.
In one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the flame retardant mechanism 40 includes 2 flame retardant cores 41 connected to each other. The 2 fire-retarding cores 41 are placed in the flame-retarding section 114 near the air outlet end 115 so that the gas treated with the abortifacients can be flame-retarded again while passing through the fire-retarding cores 41. Specifically, when the aborted gas contacts with oxygen in the external environment near the gas outlet end 115 and burns, the open fire will be extinguished rapidly due to the blocking effect of the fire-blocking core 41, so that the open fire is blocked in the inner cavity 12, and the fire is prevented from extending. The material of the firestop core 41 may be stainless steel or other suitable material. Alternatively, the number of fire-blocking cores 41 may be set to other suitable numbers greater or less than 2, such as 1,3, etc.
As shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments, the detection mechanism 50 includes a pressure sensor 51 and a combustible gas concentration sensor 52 disposed within the lumen 12. Specifically, the pressure sensor 51 is disposed in a cavity 223 that communicates with the interior of the lithium battery 2. More specifically, a pressure sensor 51 is disposed in the tapered section 2232 to detect the pressure of the inside of the lithium battery 2 in real time. The combustible gas concentration sensor 52 is disposed on the abortive section 112 of the housing 10 and is connected to the inner chamber 12 in order to detect in real time the concentration of the combustible gas released by the lithium battery 2 into the inner chamber 12. Combustible gases include, but are not limited to, CO, H 2、CH4, and the like. Alternatively, the detection mechanism 50 may also include a temperature sensor disposed within the lumen 12 to detect the temperature within the lumen 12 in real-time. Of course, the detection mechanism 50 may be provided with one or more of the pressure sensor 51, the combustible gas concentration sensor 52, and the temperature sensor as needed.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, in one or more embodiments, the detection mechanism 50 further includes a microswitch 531 that is associated with the pressure relief mechanism 20. The micro switch 531 is fixed to the fixing bracket 532, and the fixing bracket 532 is fixed in the inner chamber 12. When the pressure inside the lithium battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value, the pressure release core 22 of the pressure release mechanism 20 is pushed and moved to the pressure release position while the pressure release core 22 abuts against the micro switch 531, so that the micro switch 531 is turned on (or off). When the internal pressure of the lithium battery 2 gradually drops below a predetermined value, the pressure release core 22 is reset to the sealing position by the pre-tightening elastic member 23, and the pressure release core 22 is separated from the micro switch 531, so that the micro switch 531 is turned off (or turned on). Since the pressure release mechanism 20 is covered by the housing 10 in the assembled state, the operating state of the pressure release mechanism 20 cannot be directly observed. Through the above arrangement, the working state of the pressure release mechanism 20 can be conveniently known only by acquiring the opening and closing signals of the micro switch 531, thereby representing the state of the internal pressure of the lithium battery 2.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the lithium battery of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, in one or more embodiments, the present invention also provides a lithium battery 2. The lithium battery 2 comprises the protective device 1 according to any of the above embodiments and a lithium battery body (not identified in the figures). The lithium battery body can be a prismatic battery, a cylindrical battery or a soft package battery. The connection cylinder 211 of the protection device 1 is inserted into the lithium battery body so as to communicate with the inside of the lithium battery body.
In one or more embodiments, the present invention also provides a powered device (not shown). The powered device comprises a lithium battery 2 as described in any of the embodiments above. The powered device may be, but is not limited to, an electric automobile, an electric energy storage device, a laptop, a light fixture, and the like.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A protective device for a lithium battery, the protective device comprising:
a housing having a hollow interior formed therein and having opposed inlet and outlet ends, the inlet end adapted to be connected to the interior of the lithium battery and the outlet end in communication with an external environment;
a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the air intake end and configured to deliver the internal gas into the interior cavity when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value; and
An abortifacient mechanism arranged on the shell and between the pressure release mechanism and the air outlet end and configured to input an abortifacient agent for flame retardance into the inner cavity, so that the gas conveyed into the inner cavity is mixed with the abortifacient agent and then discharged from the air outlet end,
Wherein, pressure release mechanism includes: the cylinder body is fixed on the air inlet end and can be communicated with the inner part and the inner cavity; the pressure release core is movably fixed in the cylinder body; and a pre-tightening elastic member, both ends of which are fixed to the cylinder and the pressure release core, respectively, and which can apply a pre-tightening force to the pressure release core to maintain the pressure release core in a sealing position isolating the interior and the inner cavity when the pressure of the interior does not exceed the predetermined value, and which will overcome the pre-tightening force and move to a pressure release position communicating the interior and the inner cavity when the pressure of the interior exceeds the predetermined value;
The cylinder body comprises a connecting cylinder and a containing cylinder which are communicated with each other, the connecting cylinder is provided with a connecting cavity which is suitable for being communicated with the inside, and the containing cylinder is provided with a containing groove which can be communicated with the inner cavity, wherein the diameter D1 of the containing groove is larger than the diameter D2 of the connecting cavity;
The pressure release core comprises a movable rod and a sealing core which are connected with each other, the movable rod is slidably fixed in the connecting cylinder, the sealing core is configured to be abutted against the accommodating groove to close the connecting cavity and away from the accommodating groove to open the connecting cavity, wherein the sealing core has a diameter D3, and D1 > D3 > D2;
An annular connecting wall is provided in the connecting cylinder near the accommodating cylinder, the annular connecting wall has a central through hole allowing the movable rod to pass therethrough and a plurality of vent holes spaced from each other in a circumferential direction, and each of the vent holes is configured to be communicable with the connecting chamber and the accommodating groove.
2. The protector for a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein an annular protrusion extending radially outward is formed at an end of the movable rod remote from the seal core, and the pre-tightening elastic member has a first end fixed to the annular connecting wall and a second end fixed to the annular protrusion.
3. The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein a hollow cavity extending in a direction of a central line thereof is provided in a middle portion of the pressure release core, and a waterproof and breathable film allowing air communication between the external environment and the cavity is further provided on the sealing core.
4. The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein the waterproof breathable film is parchment paper, cellophane paper or a polymer biofilm.
5. A protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein the cavity includes a cylindrical section extending along the center line and a tapered section having a diameter gradually increasing from the cylindrical section toward the waterproof and breathable film.
6. The protection device for lithium batteries according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said abortive means comprises:
The storage device is used for storing the abortive agent;
a feed port disposed on the housing and in communication with the hopper; and
And a feeder configured to deliver the abortifacient agent within the container from the feed port into the inner cavity.
7. The protective device for a lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein the abortive agent is a halogen-based flame retardant, an organic phosphorus-based flame retardant, or an organic silicon-based flame retardant.
8. The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 1, further comprising a flame retardant mechanism disposed on the gas outlet end, the flame retardant mechanism comprising at least one flame retardant core.
9. The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 1, further comprising a detection mechanism comprising one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas concentration sensor disposed within the interior cavity.
10. The protective device for a lithium battery of claim 9, wherein the detection mechanism further comprises a micro switch mated with the pressure relief mechanism.
11. A lithium battery, characterized in that it comprises a protection device for a lithium battery according to any one of claims 1-10.
12. A powered device comprising the lithium battery of claim 11.
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| CN202211086289.4A CN115498343B (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Protective device for lithium battery, lithium battery and electric equipment |
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| CN202211086289.4A CN115498343B (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Protective device for lithium battery, lithium battery and electric equipment |
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