CN115494573A - High color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide and display device - Google Patents

High color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115494573A
CN115494573A CN202210098745.0A CN202210098745A CN115494573A CN 115494573 A CN115494573 A CN 115494573A CN 202210098745 A CN202210098745 A CN 202210098745A CN 115494573 A CN115494573 A CN 115494573A
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China
Prior art keywords
coupling
area
waveguide
filter layer
waveguide sheet
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Pending
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CN202210098745.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周兴
兰富洋
徐松
赵晋
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Meta Bounds Inc
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Meta Bounds Inc
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Priority to CN202210098745.0A priority Critical patent/CN115494573A/en
Publication of CN115494573A publication Critical patent/CN115494573A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178Eyeglass type

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a diffraction optical waveguide and display device with high color uniformity, which comprises a coupling-in area, a coupling-out area and a waveguide sheet, wherein the coupling-in area and the coupling-out area are arranged on the waveguide sheet, the coupling-in area is used for coupling in injected signal light into the waveguide sheet, the coupling-out area is used for expanding and coupling out light transmitted in the waveguide sheet, the waveguide sheet is provided with at least two turning areas, the turning areas are arranged between the coupling-in area and the coupling-out area, and the areas, corresponding to the turning areas, on the waveguide sheet are provided with filter layers. The invention is characterized in that the waveguide sheet is provided with at least two turning areas, the turning areas are arranged between an in-coupling area and an out-coupling area, the turning areas transmit signal lights with different wavelengths in different paths, the area of the waveguide sheet corresponding to the turning areas is provided with a filter layer, the filter layer filters all incomplete signal lights except specific signal lights transmitted in a certain path, the specific signal lights are signal lights of a certain channel or a plurality of channels, and the filtered signal lights are coupled out from the out-coupling end and combined to form a color image with high color uniformity.

Description

High color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual reality display, in particular to a diffraction optical waveguide with high color uniformity and a display device.
Background
The optical waveguide is a device that can confine signal light inside and transmit the signal light in a specific direction, and has good optical transparency. Based on these characteristics, the optical waveguide may serve as a display for an Augmented Reality (AR) near-eye display device. The optical waveguide directionally transmits the signal light projected by the projection light machine to human eyes, so that the human eyes can see the image to be displayed, and because the optical waveguide has good light transmission, the human eyes can clearly see the real environment behind the optical waveguide, so that the human eyes finally see the fusion of the image to be displayed and the real environment.
Optical waveguides can be classified into geometric optical waveguides, diffractive optical waveguides, and the like according to different implementation principles. Diffractive optical waveguides are becoming a preferred choice for displays in Augmented Reality (AR) near-to-eye display devices because of their thin thickness, light weight, and good optical transparency.
On the surface of the waveguide sheet, the area close to the optical projector is a coupling-in area, and the area close to human eyes is a coupling-out area. When the optical waveguide is used for displaying a color image, signal lights of different channels need to be input, the wavelengths of the signal lights of different channels are different, and when the signal lights of different wavelengths are transmitted through a path in the waveguide, partial visual fields of some channels cannot be completely transmitted by the waveguide, so that the image of a certain channel is lost when the signal lights are viewed at an output end, and the color distortion of the image is further caused.
Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a diffractive optical waveguide with high color uniformity, which can eliminate signal light with incomplete viewing field transmitted in the waveguide, thereby improving the high color uniformity and display effect of the output image at the output end.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a diffraction light waveguide of high colour homogeneity, includes coupling-in area, coupling-out area and waveguide piece, the coupling-in area with the coupling-out area is all located on the waveguide piece, the coupling-in area is used for coupling-in the signal light that the ray machine penetrated the waveguide piece, the coupling-out area is used for with the light of transmission in the waveguide piece expands and couples out, the waveguide piece still is equipped with two at least turning districts, the turning district is located between the coupling-in area with the coupling-out area, the region that corresponds on the waveguide piece turning district is provided with the filter layer.
Further, the filter layer is arranged on the opposite side of the turning region.
Furthermore, the filter layer is arranged on the same side of the turning area, and the filter layer is attached between the turning area and the waveguide sheet.
Further, the filter layer is provided inside the waveguide sheet.
Further, the coverage area of the filter layer is consistent with the coverage area of the turning region.
Further, the coverage area of the filter layer is different from the coverage area of the turning region.
Further, the turning areas are provided with two.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the diffraction optical waveguide with high color uniformity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is characterized in that the waveguide sheet is provided with at least two turning areas, the turning areas are arranged between the coupling-in area and the coupling-out area, the plurality of turning areas transmit signal lights with different wavelengths in different paths, the area of the waveguide sheet corresponding to the turning areas is provided with a filter layer, all incomplete signal lights except specific signal lights transmitted in a certain path are filtered by the filter layer, the specific signal lights are signal lights of a certain channel or a plurality of channels, and the filtered signal lights are coupled out from the coupling-out end and combined to form a color image with high color uniformity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a high color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a high color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a K vector diagram of signal light propagating in two turning regions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a first placement position of the filter layer of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a second arrangement position of the filter layer of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing a third arrangement position of the filter layer of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a first arrangement of a filter layer according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement mode of the filter layer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a diffractive light waveguide with high color uniformity includes a coupling-in region 10, a coupling-out region 13 and a waveguide sheet 1, where the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are both disposed on the waveguide sheet (which may be on the same side or on different sides), the coupling-in region is used to couple signal light emitted from an optical engine into the waveguide sheet, and the coupling-out region is used to expand and couple out light transmitted in the waveguide sheet.
Specifically, the diffractive microstructure of the coupling-in area uses diffraction of light to couple part of signal light emitted by the optical machine into the waveguide sheet for transmission, the diffractive microstructure of the coupling-out area uses diffraction of light to expand and couple out a beam of light transmitted in the waveguide in two dimensions, so that a beam of light incident from the coupling-in area is expanded into a plurality of beams of light after being transmitted and coupled out through the waveguide, for the waveguide only having the coupling-in area and the coupling-out area, the beams of light are transmitted to the diffractive microstructure of the coupling-out area through total reflection in the waveguide sheet, and the light transmitted in the waveguide sheet is coupled out of the waveguide sheet through diffraction of light. The light coupled out of the waveguide sheet is incident on the human eye, forming an image to be displayed on the retina.
However, when a color image is displayed by using the optical waveguide, signal lights of different channels need to be input, the wavelengths of the signal lights of different channels are different, and when the signal lights of different wavelengths propagate through a path in the waveguide, some channel partial fields of view cannot be completely transmitted by the waveguide, so that a certain channel image is lost when viewed at an output end.
In order to solve the problem, the waveguide sheet of the present invention is further provided with at least two turning regions 11, wherein the turning regions are arranged between the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region. The turning region is also provided with a diffraction microstructure which can split and expand a beam of light transmitted in the turning region in two dimensions by means of diffraction of light and enables the light coupled into the waveguide from the coupling-in region to propagate towards the coupling-out region. It should be noted that the locations of the inflection regions may be located on both sides of the waveguide sheet, and when the diffraction microstructures of the coupling-in region, the inflection region and the coupling-out region are located on the same side of the waveguide sheet, the diffraction microstructures of the coupling-in region, the inflection region and the coupling-out region are spaced apart or adjacent to each other. The multiple turning regions can transmit signal lights with different wavelengths in different paths, and an area on the waveguide sheet corresponding to the turning regions is provided with a filter layer 14, all incomplete signal lights (the specific signal light is signal light of a certain channel or signal lights of multiple channels) except specific signal light transmitted by a certain path are filtered by the filter layer 14, and the filtered signal lights are coupled out from the coupling-out end and combined to form a color image with high color uniformity.
In some embodiments of the invention, there are two of the turning regions.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the waveguide has an in-coupling region 10, a first turning region 111, a second turning region 112, and an out-coupling region 13, and there are total reflection regions between the regions.
The signal light of the red light channel and the signal light of the green light channel are coupled into the waveguide sheet through the coupling-in region, and then are bent by the first turning region 111 and finally coupled out by the coupling-out region, which is called as a propagation path P1; the signal light of the blue light channel and the signal light of the green light channel are coupled into the waveguide sheet through the coupling-in region, and then are finally coupled out by the coupling-out region after being bent by the bending region 112, which is called as the propagation path P2.
FIG. 3 is a K vector diagram, λ, propagating through two transition regions 1 ,λ 2 ,λ 3 In signal light of blue channel, green channel and red channelThe heart wavelength. Lambda [ alpha ] 1 In the range of 420nm to 480nm, lambda 2 In the range of 480nm to 590nm, lambda 3 The range is 590nm-700nm.
In the P1 path, the signal light of the red channel and the signal light of the green channel can maintain a complete field angle in the propagation path. After the blue channel signal light is transmitted through the path, there is a case where a part of the field angle is lost when the blue channel signal light exits from the outcoupling region, that is, a region A1 in fig. 3. This will result in non-uniform brightness of the blue channel of the final display image.
Therefore, according to the present invention, the first filter layer 141 is disposed on the surface of the side waveguide in the first turning region 11, the signal light in the red channel and the signal light in the green channel can pass through the first filter layer 141 without being absorbed, and the first filter layer 141 has strong absorption to the signal light in the blue channel, so that the signal light in the blue channel is completely absorbed after propagating through the first turning region 11 and cannot reach the coupling-out region, and therefore, there is no incomplete signal light in the blue channel during displaying.
Referring to fig. 4 (in which the protruded portion shows the surface microstructure of the turning region), the optical filter 14 can selectively absorb light with a specific wavelength without affecting the propagation of light with other wavelengths, where R1 and R2 are light with a transmission wavelength, and R3 is light with a selective absorption wavelength.
Similarly, the signal light of the blue light channel and the signal light of the green light channel can maintain the complete field angle under the P2 propagation path. After the signal light of the red light channel is transmitted through the path, there is a situation that a part of the field angle is missing when the signal light exits from the coupling-out region, that is, a region A2 in fig. 3. This will result in non-uniform brightness of the red channel of the final display image.
Therefore, the second filter layer 142 is disposed on the surface of the side waveguide at the second turning region 12, and the second filter layer 142 has high transmittance for the signal light of the blue light channel and the signal light of the green light channel, and strong absorption for the signal light of the red light channel, so that the signal light of the red light channel is completely absorbed after propagating through the second turning region 12 and cannot reach the coupling-out region, and thus, there is no incomplete signal light of the red light channel during displaying.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of turning regions may be three. For example, when red light, green light and blue light are transmitted, the turning areas can be set to be three, so that the three signal lights of the red light, the green light and the blue light are all transmitted separately, the model of the optical filter can be conveniently selected, and the image definition finally coupled out of the waveguide sheet can be higher due to the independent transmission of each light. Moreover, the number of turning regions can be specifically set by those skilled in the art according to the needs, and the present invention does not specifically limit the upper limit of the number of turning regions, and should not be a reason why the present invention is not fully disclosed or supported by the specification.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, the filter layer 14 is disposed on the same side of the inflection region, and the filter layer is attached between the inflection region microstructure and the waveguide sheet. In the figure, R1 and R2 are light rays having a transmission wavelength, and R3 is light rays having a selective absorption wavelength. Because when setting up the filter layer, need aim at a part turn district, if will install the filter layer in the offside of turn district, carry on the position correspondence very inconvenient, but if set up it in the homonymy of turn district, will be convenient for to the filter layer installation alignment, convenient operation.
Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, the filter layer 14 is disposed in the waveguide corresponding to the turning region. In the figure, R1 and R2 are light rays having a transmission wavelength, and R3 is light rays having a selective absorption wavelength. In the invention, the filter layer is arranged to absorb the signal light except the specific signal light in each transmission channel so as to couple out light with uniform brightness, and the signal light is transmitted in the waveguide sheet by means of total reflection, so that the total reflection light of the signal light to be filtered can be absorbed only by arranging the filter layer in the waveguide sheet corresponding to the turning area. The filter layer is arranged in the waveguide sheet, so that the filtering effect can be achieved, and the diffraction light waveguide structure with high color uniformity can be more compact.
In some embodiments of the invention, a coverage of the filter layer coincides with a coverage of the turning region. The coverage area of the filter layer is consistent with that of the turning area of the waveguide sheet, that is, the turning area of the waveguide sheet is completely covered by the filter layer, so that incomplete signal light propagating in the waveguide sheet can be completely filtered in the turning area of the waveguide sheet, and the color uniformity of the signal light in a channel is further improved.
Because the turning region is arranged for light splitting, and then the filter layer is arranged in the turning region to filter incomplete signal light, the arrangement area of the filter layer only needs to meet the purpose.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the coverage of the filter layer is different from the coverage of the turning region. It should be noted that the difference between the above ranges may mean that the coverage of the filter layer is larger than that of the turning region, or that the coverage of the filter layer is smaller than that of the turning region.
When the coverage of the filter layer is smaller than the coverage of the turning region, two examples are given here for illustration, it should be noted that the examples here are merely for illustrating the principle of the present invention and do not limit the shape of the filter layer, and besides the shapes mentioned in the examples, the filter layer may be a polygon with curved edges, a polygon with a hole in the middle and a discontinuity in the middle, and the like.
1. The filter layer is arranged only in the first half of the beam path and is sufficient to completely absorb the incomplete signal light. It is not necessary to fill the entire turn region on opposite sides with an absorbent layer, as shown in figure 7.
2. Since the light to be filtered does not necessarily travel along the entire turning region, in some cases, the travel path of the light to be filtered in the turning region is only a narrow portion of the turning region, so that it is only necessary to provide an absorption layer in the region where the signal light is transmitted, as shown in fig. 8.
As a further improvement of the above aspect, the filter layer is attached to the waveguide sheet. The filter layer and the waveguide sheet need to be in a close-fitting relation, so that the total reflection condition of the waveguide sheet is not damaged, the light transmission in the waveguide sheet is not influenced, and further, the human eyes are not influenced to receive image light to watch images. Preventing the air gap from affecting the filtering of the absorbing layer. In summary, the filter layers are arranged on the surface and inside the waveguide sheet of the turning region, and are used for absorbing the signal light of the designated channel which propagates in the turning region and has an incomplete field of view, so as to prevent the signal light from propagating to the coupling-out region to participate in imaging; and the signal light of the channel with the complete field of view is reserved, so that the signal light normally propagates to the coupling-out area to participate in imaging. The influence of incomplete field signal light on imaging brightness uniformity and color uniformity is effectively inhibited, and the near-to-eye display device has better brightness uniformity and color reducibility.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the diffraction optical waveguide with high color uniformity. By adopting the diffraction light waveguide with high color uniformity, the requirement of the AR glasses on multi-dimensional pupil expansion is met, so that the AR glasses have better containment for different face shapes, different nose bridge heights and the like, and the display device has better brightness uniformity and color reducibility.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are for purposes of illustration only and do not denote a single embodiment.
Of course, the present invention may have other embodiments, and based on the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without any creative effort, and all of them are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The diffraction light waveguide with high color uniformity comprises an in-coupling area, an out-coupling area and a waveguide sheet, wherein the in-coupling area and the out-coupling area are arranged on the waveguide sheet, the in-coupling area is used for coupling signal light emitted by an optical machine into the waveguide sheet, and the out-coupling area is used for expanding and coupling light transmitted in the waveguide sheet.
2. The diffractive optical waveguide with high color uniformity according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer is disposed on the opposite side of the turning region.
3. The diffractive optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer is disposed on the same side of the inflection region, and the filter layer is attached between the inflection region and the waveguide sheet.
4. The diffractive optical waveguide with high color uniformity according to claim 1, wherein said filter layer is disposed inside said waveguide sheet.
5. The diffractive optical waveguide according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coverage of the filter layer coincides with the coverage of the turning region.
6. The diffractive optical waveguide according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filter layer has a different coverage than the turning region.
7. The diffractive optical waveguide with high color uniformity according to claim 1, wherein said turning regions are provided in two.
8. A display device comprising the high color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide of any one of claims 1-7.
CN202210098745.0A 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 High color uniformity diffractive optical waveguide and display device Pending CN115494573A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118011554A (en) * 2024-04-08 2024-05-10 歌尔光学科技有限公司 Optical waveguide device, light transmission method and display device

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CN113031261A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-06-25 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 Optical pupil expander for displaying color images
CN113777787A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-12-10 凤凰光学股份有限公司 Waveguide device with high efficiency and high uniformity

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106526974A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-03-22 深圳Tcl数字技术有限公司 Method and system for adjusting optical uniformity of liquid crystal modules
CN111656253A (en) * 2018-03-28 2020-09-11 迪斯帕列斯有限公司 Waveguide element and waveguide stack for display applications
CN112731659A (en) * 2019-10-14 2021-04-30 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 Waveguide display lens and augmented reality glasses
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CN113777787A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-12-10 凤凰光学股份有限公司 Waveguide device with high efficiency and high uniformity

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118011554A (en) * 2024-04-08 2024-05-10 歌尔光学科技有限公司 Optical waveguide device, light transmission method and display device

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