CN115492574A - Portable high-voltage pulse generation device, shock wave rock breaking device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable high-voltage pulse generation device, a shock wave rock breaking device and a shock wave rock breaking method. Interior backward flow formula structure can not receive the interference of outer backward flow post when making the outside shock wave that propagates of load explosion to lose partial energy and reduce the efficiency that causes the split rock. The load structure is made of coaxial cable, silicone tube (or other tubular materials) and tungsten wire, and has low cost and simple manufacturing process. The loaded energetic material does not contain explosives in hazardous articles and is extremely safe. The internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load can generate shock waves with fixed amplitude, impulse and energy under the driving of a pulse source with specific parameters, and meanwhile, the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load has excellent repeatability and great engineering application prospect.

Description

Portable high-voltage pulse generation device, and shock wave rock breaking device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pulse power rock breaking, and relates to an internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load and a portable high-voltage pulse generating device based on the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load.

Background

With the continuous promotion of the industrialization level, the resource exploitation depth and breadth are continuously expanded, and the challenges of more and more hard rocks and extremely hard rocks are faced in the fields of oil and gas engineering, mining engineering, tunnel engineering and the like. Traditional excavation equipment cannot safely and efficiently crush rock with extremely high hardness, so that a new rock crushing technology needs to be developed to solve the existing problems. In recent years, the pulse power technology has been gradually emphasized in the field of rock breaking technology, which converts the electrical energy in a pulse capacitor into mechanical energy (shock waves) through a specific form of load, such as water gaps, metal wires, etc., and then cracks the rock. Compared with the traditional rock breaking technology, the technology has the advantages of controllability, safety, good repeatability and the like. However, the pulse power rock breaking technology is limited by the energy storage of the pulse capacitor and the conversion efficiency of load energy (less than 20%), and when the volume of the device is limited by a complex and narrow working environment, the pulse power rock breaking technology cannot generate shock waves with enough energy to crack high-hardness rocks.

Based on the background, people propose a load configuration that the passive energetic material is coated outside the metal wire, and further utilize the metal wire electric explosion to ignite the outer passive energetic material, so that detonation waves of the energetic material are coupled with the metal wire electric explosion shock waves, and the shock wave energy generated by single-time operation load is improved. However, for safety reasons, the passive energetic materials used are often free of explosives in hazardous items, and a common formulation is a mixture containing nitromethane, aluminum powder, and metal oxides. At present, the single input energy required for igniting the insensitive energetic material is still large, which causes that a high-voltage pulse capacitor with large volume is required to store energy, the mass is often more than hundred kilograms, and inconvenience is caused to movement, installation and use. Therefore, designing a new load structure to reduce the capacitor energy storage required by a single detonation is a key problem to be solved urgently, so that the device is miniaturized and lightened to deal with complex and narrow operation terrains. In addition, the following key problems need to be solved: the load configuration currently uses an external reflux column structure, which not only reduces the efficiency of cracking rocks by shock waves, but also damages the external reflux column in the cracking process and reduces the service life of equipment; the existing integral device structure cannot support simultaneous explosion of multiple loads, and engineering targets such as directional cracking rocks are difficult to finish.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load structure and a portable high-voltage pulse generating device based on the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load structure.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a portable high voltage pulse generating device comprising:

the device comprises a device shell, wherein the device shell is internally provided with device internal insulation which divides the interior of the device shell into two independent and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is internally provided with a high-voltage power supply module, and the other cavity is internally provided with a high-voltage pulse source module;

the high-voltage pulse source module is characterized in that a high-voltage electrode of the high-voltage pulse source module is connected with the high-voltage power supply module, and a ground electrode and the device shell are both grounded;

the switch module and the high-voltage pulse module are positioned in the same side cavity of the device shell and are provided with a sealed and insulated inner cavity, a switch upper electrode and a switch lower electrode are arranged in the inner cavity, the switch lower electrode is connected with the high-voltage electrode, and a discharge gap is formed between the switch upper electrode and the switch lower electrode; the switch upper electrode is connected with a plurality of cable interfaces for connecting with external cables to transfer electric energy;

and the switch air charging and discharging module is communicated with the inner cavity of the switch module and is used for charging or discharging air into or out of the inner cavity and adjusting the air pressure of the inner cavity so as to change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap.

Furthermore, the high-voltage power supply module comprises a high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage power supply control panel and a power supply high-voltage output line are connected to the high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power supply high-voltage output line.

Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse source module includes high-voltage pulse capacitor, and high-voltage electrode and ground electrode setting are in high-voltage pulse capacitor one side, the ground electrode is 2, is located the both sides of high-voltage electrode respectively, passes through the insulating isolation of electric capacity between high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode.

Furthermore, the switch module comprises a switch metal shell with an opening at one end, and the opening side of the switch metal shell is abutted against two ground electrodes of the high-voltage pulse capacitor, so that the high-voltage electrode is positioned in the switch metal shell and forms a closed inner cavity; the switch upper electrode is arranged on one side, far away from the high-voltage pole, in the switch metal shell, and the switch lower electrode is arranged at the tail end of the high-voltage pole; the upper electrode of the switch is insulated from the metal shell of the switch through the upper insulation of the switch; the electrode one-to-many device is arranged in the upper insulation of the switch and is connected with the upper electrode of the switch; the opposite side of the opening of the switch metal shell is connected with the device shell, and the ground electrode is connected with the device shell through the switch metal shell.

Furthermore, be provided with the mouth that charges on the switch metal casing, be provided with sealing connecting piece in the mouth that charges, sealing connecting piece one end is connected power high voltage output line, and the high voltage pole is connected to the other end.

Further, the switch inflation and deflation module comprises a gas cylinder, the gas cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity through an inflation gas pipe, and the inner cavity is communicated with the external space through a deflation gas pipe; an inflation valve is arranged on the inflation air pipe, and an air release valve is arranged on the air release pipe.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a shock wave rock breaking device, which comprises the portable high-voltage pulse generation device, a plurality of pluggable cables and an energetic material load; the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device is connected with a plurality of pluggable cables, the energetic material load is arranged in the rock, and the pluggable cables extend into the hole of the rock to be connected with the energetic material load.

Further, the pluggable cable comprises a device end and a load end, wherein the device end comprises a cable device end high-voltage inner core, a cable device end inner insulator, a cable device end mesh-shaped grounding wire and a cable device end insulating sheath which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the load end comprises a cable load end insulating sheath, a cable load end meshed grounding wire, a cable load end internal insulation and a cable load end high-voltage inner core which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; a load grounding jack is mounted on the inner insulation of the cable load end, the load grounding jack is connected with the meshed grounding wire of the cable load end, and a load grounding terminal is arranged on the outer side of the load grounding jack;

when the device end is inserted into a cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device, the high-voltage inner core of the cable device end is contacted with the electrode multi-turn device, and the inner insulation of the cable device end is contacted with the insulation on the switch to form an insulation structure; the netted earth wire at the end of the cable device is contacted with the metal shell of the switch, so that the cable forms a loop.

Furthermore, the energetic material load comprises a load high-voltage inner core, a load internal insulation is sleeved on the load high-voltage inner core, a load mesh grounding wire is sleeved in the middle of the load internal insulation, and a load insulation outer skin is sleeved on the load mesh grounding wire; a load shell is arranged at the tail end of the load internal insulation, and energetic materials are filled in the load shell; a plurality of metal wires are led out from one end of the load mesh-shaped grounding wire, are wound on the load inner insulation in the load shell in a rotating mode to form a mesh structure, and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core;

when the energetic material load is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable, the load high-voltage inner core is in contact with the cable load end high-voltage inner core to transmit electric energy, and the load internal insulation is in contact with the cable load end internal insulation to form an insulation structure; the load mesh grounding wire is contacted with the load grounding terminal through the load grounding wire to form a loop.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for breaking rock by using shock waves, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, inserting a pluggable cable into a portable high-voltage pulse generating device;

step 2, inserting the same amount of energetic material loads into the load end of the pluggable cable;

step 3, loading and installing the energetic material in a hole of a rock, wherein the hole is a naturally formed gap or a manually cut hole;

step 4, inflating the inner cavity of the switch module to a specified air pressure;

step 5, remotely controlling the high-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage pulse capacitor to a specified voltage through the high-voltage power supply control panel;

step 6, reducing the air pressure in the inner cavity of the switch module through an air release valve, so that the withstand voltage level is reduced and breakdown occurs;

step 7, after breakdown occurs, transmitting the electric energy to an energetic material load to explode the energetic material load so as to crack the rock;

step 8, evaluating the cracking effect, and if the cracking effect is not in line with the expectation, returning to the step 3 until the expected cracking effect is achieved; if the result is in expectation, executing step 9;

and 9, selecting a new hole, and repeating the steps 3 to 8 until all target areas achieve the expected cracking effect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load adopts the reticular metal wire array, and can obviously reduce the energy storage (by more than 30%) required by the detonation of the insensitive energetic material, thereby reducing the volume and the mass of the high-voltage pulse capacitor and realizing the miniaturization and the light weight of the shock wave rock breaking device. The internal reflux structure enables the load explosion to be free from the interference of the external reflux column when shock waves are propagated outwards, so that partial energy is lost, and the efficiency of fracturing rocks is reduced. And the elimination of the external reflux column can also avoid the reduction of the service life of the device caused by the repeated damage of shock waves in the use process. The load adopts a pluggable device structure, so that the installation and operation are convenient. The load structure is made of coaxial cable, silicone tube (or other tubular materials) and tungsten wire, and has low cost and simple manufacturing process. The loaded energetic material does not contain explosives in dangerous goods items, and a common formula is a mixture containing nitromethane, aluminum powder and metal oxide, so that the safety is extremely high. The internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load can generate shock waves with fixed amplitude, impulse and energy under the driving of a pulse source with specific parameters, and meanwhile, the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load has excellent repeatability and great engineering application prospect.

The portable high-voltage pulse generating device is high in integration level and reliable in structure, achieves miniaturization and light weight of the pulse power device, can be manually carried to a complex and narrow operation terrain, and can be operated by a single person. And the portable high-voltage pulse generating device provides a plurality of cable interfaces, can support simultaneous explosion of a plurality of loads, and can complete engineering targets such as directional fracturing rocks. The cable is a matched pluggable cable, is convenient to install, and can be assembled and disassembled according to the quantity of simultaneously detonating loads required by engineering at any time. The trigger mode of the device switch is that the pressure resistance is improved by firstly inflating and then the pressure resistance is reduced by deflating, so that the breakdown discharge is realized, the cost is low, the reliability is high, and hundreds of switching operations can be realized by a portable small gas cylinder (2 liters).

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable high-voltage pulse generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the shock wave rock breaking device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the pluggable cable and the energetic material load according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method for breaking rock by shock wave according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the discharge of example 1.

Fig. 6 is a wave form of the underwater explosion shock wave pressure of example 1.

Fig. 7 is a pressure waveform of an underwater explosion shock wave of a comparative example.

Fig. 8 is a wave form of the underwater explosion shock wave pressure of example 2.

Wherein, 1-portable high voltage pulse generator, 2-pluggable cable, 3-energetic material load, 4-rock, 101-high voltage power control panel, 102-high voltage power supply, 103-power high voltage output line, 104-device internal insulation, 105-high voltage pulse capacitor, 106-switch metal casing, 107-switch upper electrode, 108-electrode one-to-many device, 109-switch upper insulation, 110-charging port, 111-ground electrode, 112-capacitor insulation, 113-high voltage electrode, 114-switch lower electrode, 115-gas cylinder, 116-gas charging valve, 117-gas charging pipe, 118-gas release valve, 119-gas release pipe, 120-device casing, 201-cable device end high voltage inner core, 202-cable device end internal insulation, 203-cable device end mesh ground wire, 204-cable device end insulation outer skin, 205-cable load end insulation outer skin, 206-load end mesh ground wire, 207-load ground jack, 208-cable load end internal insulation, 209-load end high voltage inner core, 210-load ground terminal, 210-load inner core, 303-load end mesh outer skin, 303-load wire mesh ground wire, 306-load inner core, 303-load wire array insulation, load wire array ground wire, and wire.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, the description is merely for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the term "horizontal", if present, does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a portable high-voltage pulse generating device, which comprises a device housing 120, a high-voltage pulse source module, a switch module and a switch inflation/deflation module.

An internal device insulation 104 is arranged in the device housing 120, and the internal device insulation 104 divides the interior of the device housing 120 into two independent and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is provided with a high-voltage power supply module, and the other cavity is provided with a high-voltage pulse source module.

The high-voltage power supply module comprises a high-voltage power supply 102, a high-voltage power supply control panel 101 and a power supply high-voltage output line 103 are connected to the high-voltage power supply 102, and the high-voltage power supply 102 is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power supply high-voltage output line 103.

The high-voltage pulse source module comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, a high-voltage electrode 113 and a ground electrode 111 are arranged on one side of the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, the number of the ground electrodes 111 is 2, the ground electrodes are respectively positioned on two sides of the high-voltage electrode 113, and the high-voltage electrode 113 and the ground electrode 111 are isolated through a capacitor insulation 112. The high-voltage electrode 113 of the high-voltage pulse source module is connected with the high-voltage power supply module, and the ground electrode 111 and the device shell 120 are both grounded.

The switch module and the high-voltage pulse module are positioned in the same side cavity of the device shell 120 and are provided with a sealed and insulated inner cavity, a switch upper electrode 107 and a switch lower electrode 114 are arranged in the inner cavity, the switch lower electrode 114 is connected with the high-voltage electrode 113, and a discharge gap is formed between the switch upper electrode 107 and the switch lower electrode 114; the switch upper electrode 107 is connected with a plurality of cable interfaces for connecting an external cable to transmit electric energy. The switch module comprises a switch metal shell 106 with an opening at one end, and the opening side of the switch metal shell 106 is propped against the two ground electrodes 111 of the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105, so that the high-voltage electrode 113 is positioned in the switch metal shell 106 and forms a closed inner cavity; the switch metal shell 106 is provided with a charging port 110, a sealing connecting piece is arranged in the charging port 110, one end of the sealing connecting piece is connected with the power supply high-voltage output line 103, and the other end of the sealing connecting piece is connected with the high-voltage electrode 113. The switch upper electrode 107 is arranged on one side, far away from the high-voltage pole 113, in the switch metal shell 106, and the switch lower electrode 114 is arranged at the tail end of the high-voltage pole 113; the switch upper electrode 107 is insulated from the switch metal housing 106 by a switch upper insulation 109; an electrode one-to-many device 108 is arranged in the switch upper insulation 109, and the electrode one-to-many device 108 is connected with the switch upper electrode 107; the opening opposite side of the switching metal case 106 is connected to the device case 120, and the ground electrode 111 is connected to the device case 120 through the switching metal case 106.

The switch air inflation and deflation module is communicated with the inner cavity of the switch module and used for inflating or exhausting air into the inner cavity and adjusting the air pressure of the inner cavity so as to change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap. The switch inflation and deflation module comprises an air bottle 115, the air bottle 115 is communicated with the inner cavity through an inflation air pipe 117, and the inner cavity is communicated with the external space through a deflation air pipe 119; an inflation valve 116 is arranged on the inflation air pipe 117, and an air release valve 118 is arranged on the air release pipe 119.

Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention discloses a shock wave rock breaking device, which comprises a portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1, a plurality of pluggable cables 2 and an energetic material load 3; the energetic material load 3 is an internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load; the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 is connected with a plurality of pluggable cables 2, the energetic material load 3 is arranged in the rock 4, and the pluggable cables 2 extend into the hole of the rock 4 and are connected with the energetic material load 3.

The pluggable cable 2 comprises a device end and a load end, wherein the device end comprises a cable device end high-voltage inner core 201, a cable device end internal insulation 202, a cable device end mesh grounding wire 203 and a cable device end insulation sheath 204 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the load end comprises a cable load end insulating sheath 205, a cable load end meshed grounding wire 206, a cable load end internal insulation 208 and a cable load end high-voltage inner core 209 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; a load grounding jack 207 is mounted on the cable load end internal insulation 208, the load grounding jack 207 is connected with the cable load end mesh grounding wire 206, and a load grounding terminal 210 is arranged outside the load grounding jack 207.

As shown in fig. 1, the device end of the pluggable cable 2 is inserted into the cable port reserved on the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 during operation, and the high-voltage inner core 201 of the cable device end is tightly connected with the electrode-multiple-conversion device 108, so that electric energy can be stably output. The cable assembly end inner insulation 202 contacts the switch upper insulation 109 forming an insulation structure. The mesh grounding line 203 at the end of the cable device is tightly connected with the switch metal shell 106, so that the cable forms a loop, and current can return to the ground electrode 111 after flowing through a load. The cable assembly end insulation sheath 204 insulates the entire assembly from the outside environment.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the payload 3 of energetic material may be inserted directly into the payload-side interface of the pluggable cable 2. The load high-voltage inner core 301 is tightly connected with the cable load end high-voltage inner core 209 to transmit electric energy, and the load internal insulation 302 is contacted with the cable load end internal insulation 208 to form an insulation structure. The load mesh grounding wire 303 is led out of the load grounding wire 305 and then tightly connected with the load grounding terminal 210 to form a loop. A plurality of metal wires are led out from the other end of the load mesh grounding wire 303, are wound on the load internal insulation 302 in a rotating mode to form a mesh structure, and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core 301. A load enclosure 308 is externally mounted and filled with energetic material 306.

When the device end is inserted into the cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1, the high-voltage inner core 201 of the cable device end is contacted with the electrode multi-turn device 108, and the inner insulation 202 of the cable device end is contacted with the upper insulation 109 of the switch to form an insulation structure; the mesh grounding wire 203 at the end of the cable device is contacted with the metal shell 106 of the switch, so that the cable forms a loop.

As shown in fig. 3, the energetic material load 3 includes a load high-voltage inner core 301, a load inner insulator 302 is sleeved on the load high-voltage inner core 301, a load mesh grounding wire 303 is sleeved in the middle of the load inner insulator 302, and a load insulation sheath 304 is sleeved on the load mesh grounding wire 303; a load shell 308 is arranged at the tail end of the load internal insulation 302, and energetic materials 306 are filled in the load shell 308; a plurality of metal wires are led out from one end of the load mesh grounding wire 303, and are wound on the load inner insulation 302 in the load shell 308 in a rotating mode to form a mesh structure and connected with the load high-voltage inner core 301.

When the energetic material load 3 is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable 2, the load high-voltage inner core 301 is in contact with the cable load end high-voltage inner core 209 to transmit electric energy, and the load internal insulation 302 is in contact with the cable load end internal insulation 208 to form an insulation structure; the load mesh ground wire 303 is in contact with the load ground terminal 210 through the load ground wire 305 to form a loop.

The working principle of the shock wave rock breaking device is as follows:

after the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 is carried to a target working position, the device end of the pluggable cable 2 is connected to the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1. The load end of the pluggable cable 2 is connected with the energetic material load 3 and inserted into the rock 4 with the hole, and the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 can crush the target rock 4. The quantity of the pluggable cables 2 and the energetic material loads 3 used in a single operation is the same, and is determined by the actual engineering requirements. For example, when a crack with a specific direction and length needs to be generated on the rock 4, a double load can be set and initiated, i.e., a crack connecting the positions of the double load can be formed inside the rock 4, so as to achieve the effect of directional lancing. The portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 can detonate a single load and also detonate a plurality of loads at the same time, and the number of the loads is determined by the parameters of a capacitor built in the portable high-voltage pulse generator 1. Generally, the energy storage of a capacitor required for detonating a single load is 600J, and the upper limit of the energy storage of the built-in capacitor determines the quantity of loads which are detonated simultaneously. For example, if the capacitance of the capacitor is 6uF and the maximum charging voltage is 20kV, the upper limit of the energy storage of the capacitor is

The number of loads detonated simultaneously is 2. It should be noted that the higher the upper limit of the capacitor energy storage, the larger the volume and weight of the capacitor, and the worse the portability, so the upper limit of the capacitor energy storage needs to be selected according to the engineering requirements.

The working process of the shock wave rock breaking device is as follows:

the inflation valve 116 is first operated to deliver the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 115 to the inside of the switch module through the inflation gas pipe 117, and the deflation valve 118 is closed, so that the internal pressure of the switch module is increased and the withstand voltage level is raised. Subsequently, the high-voltage power supply 102 is controlled by the high-voltage power supply control panel 101, and the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105 is charged through the power supply high-voltage output line 103. The power high voltage output line 103 needs to pass through the device internal insulation 104 and the charging port 110 in sequence, and is finally connected with the high voltage pole 113. The internal insulation 104 of the device is used for keeping the insulation between the high-voltage pulse capacitor 105 and the high-voltage power supply 102, the charging port 110 is used for keeping the insulation between the high-voltage output line 103 of the power supply and the metal shell 106 of the switch, and a connecting unit with a sealing function is arranged in the internal insulation of the device to ensure that the internal part of the switch is in a sealing state, so that the air pressure can be increased or reduced to change the withstand voltage of the switch module. The high voltage electrode 113 and the ground electrode 111 are insulated and isolated by a capacitor insulation 112. The high voltage electrode 113 is tightly connected to the switch lower electrode 114, and the potentials of the two electrodes are kept the same. A discharge gap is formed between the switch lower electrode 114 and the switch upper electrode 107, and the other end of the switch upper electrode 107 is tightly connected with the electrode-to-electrode-multiple-unit device 108, which has the function of forming a plurality of cable interfaces, so that a plurality of loads can be detonated simultaneously. The number of formed cable interfaces is also related to the upper energy storage limit of the capacitor, and the higher the upper energy storage limit is, the more cable interfaces can be formed. The switch metal case 106 is tightly connected to the ground electrode 111, and the switch upper insulation 109 ensures its insulation from the switch upper electrode 107. After the cable and the load are installed, an operator opens the air release valve 118, high-pressure gas in the switch is exhausted through the air release pipe 119, the pressure level in the switch is reduced, the voltage withstanding level of the switch is reduced, breakdown discharge occurs between the switch lower electrode 114 and the switch upper electrode 107, stored energy in the high-pressure pulse capacitor 105 reaches the load through the cable, rapid energy injection causes the mesh metal wire to rapidly generate a metal wire electric explosion physical process from a solid state to a liquid state and a gas state to a plasma state under the action of joule heating, and in the process, the explosion metal wire array can enable the energetic material to explode, the metal wire electric explosion shock wave and the energetic material explosion shock wave are coupled and transmitted outwards, so that the rock 4 has a complex crack network.

Referring to fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for breaking rock by shock waves, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, firstly, the carrying device is moved to a designated working position and connected with a power supply and a ground.

And 2, selecting a certain number of cables to be inserted into the device according to the actual engineering requirements.

And 3, inserting the same number of loads into the cable load end interface at the other end of the cable.

Step 4, the load is then installed in a rock bore hole, which may be a naturally occurring slot or an artificial hole cut by a tool such as a drill bit.

And 5, inflating the switch to a specified air pressure.

And 6, remotely controlling the high-voltage power supply to charge the pulse capacitor until the voltage is specified through the panel.

And 7, reducing the air pressure of the switch through the air release valve so as to reduce the pressure resistance level of the switch and cause breakdown.

And 8, transmitting the electric energy into the energetic material load to explode so as to crack the rock.

And 9, evaluating the cracking effect, returning to the step 4 if the cracking effect is not consistent with the prediction, and repeating the steps of load installation and detonation until the ideal cracking effect is achieved at the position. If so, go to step 10.

And step 10, carrying the device to a new working position, and repeating the steps 2-9 until all target areas achieve an ideal cracking effect.

Following the above technical scheme, specific examples of the present invention are given below, and materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products.

Table 1 examples load parameters, wire parameters and energetic material formulation parameters

Example 1:

the embodiment discloses a method for breaking rock by using shock waves, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: manufacturing an internal reflux type net-shaped metal wire array energetic material load main body structure:

step 101: taking a coaxial cable with the length of 10cm and the outer diameter of 4 mm;

step 102: removing the insulating outer skin and the meshed grounding wire with the left end of 2cm and the insulating outer skin and the meshed grounding wire with the right end of 4cm by using a blade;

step 103: further using a blade to remove 2mm of internal insulation at the left end and the right end of the coaxial cable respectively, namely exposing 2mm of internal cores respectively;

step 104: one ends of four tungsten wires with the length of 50mm and the diameter of 0.1mm are fixed on the exposed net-shaped grounding wire at the right end of the cable after the insulating sheath is removed, then two tungsten wires are wound on the inner insulation in a clockwise rotation mode, the other two tungsten wires are wound on the inner insulation in an anticlockwise rotation mode, and after the two tungsten wires are respectively rotated for two and a half circles, the other ends of the four tungsten wires are fixed on the exposed inner core with the length of 2 mm. At the moment, the four metal wires form a net wire array with the length of 4cm, which covers the inner insulation;

step 105: and (3) sleeving a silica gel shell with the outer diameter of 8.7mm, the inner diameter of 6.8mm and the length of 40mm outside the reticular wire array, fixing one end of the shell on the insulating outer skin and sealing, and not processing the other end of the shell.

And 2, step: preparing and filling a solid-liquid composite energetic material:

step 201: 1.5g of copper oxide powder and 1.5g of aluminum powder are placed in a three-dimensional blending machine to be mixed for 30 minutes so as to be completely and uniformly mixed; wherein the granularity range of the copper oxide powder is 1-50 mu m, and the granularity range of the aluminum powder is 1-50 mu m;

step 202: adding 1.5g of nitromethane into the uniformly mixed manganese dioxide powder and aluminum powder, and stirring for 30 minutes under a vacuum condition to completely mix the materials to obtain 4.5g of a solid-liquid composite energetic material;

step 203: filling 4.5g of solid-liquid composite energetic material into an injector, then injecting the injector into a cylindrical gap between the load internal insulation and the shell, and completely filling the gap with 2.5g of solid-liquid composite energetic material;

step 204: and sealing the other side of the silica gel shell by using a small wafer with the diameter of 8.7mm to finish the manufacture of the internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load.

And 3, step 3: initiating a solid-liquid composite energetic material:

step 301: the method comprises the steps that an internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material load is wholly immersed in a water medium, and a pressure sensor PCB 138 is arranged at a position 15cm away from the load and used for measuring the amplitude, impulse and energy density of shock waves generated by explosion of the energetic material;

step 302: the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 is used for detonating a load, and the energy stored in a capacitor is 600J.

Example 2

The difference from example 1 is: two internal reflux type reticular metal wire array energetic material loads are simultaneously manufactured, the two loads are simultaneously and integrally immersed in an aqueous medium, the distance between the two loads is 5cm, and a pressure sensor PCB 138 is arranged at a position which is parallel to the two loads and is 15cm away from the center and is used for measuring the amplitude, impulse and energy density of shock waves generated by explosion of the energetic materials. The portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 is used for detonating the load, the total energy storage of the capacitor is 1200J, namely the energy storage driven by a single load is still 600J.

Comparative example

The difference from example 1 is: the parameters of the wound metal wire are changed from 4 tungsten wires with the diameter of 0.1mm and the length of 5cm into 1 tungsten wire with the diameter of 0.2mm and the length of 5cm, namely the total mass of the tungsten wires is not changed, and the net-shaped metal wire array is changed into a monofilament winding structure.

Experimental testing and comparison of results:

referring to fig. 5, a waveform of the discharge of example 1 is shown. It can be seen that first the wire begins to rise in temperature after the injection of energy due to joule heating, undergoing a solid, liquid to gaseous transition, manifested by a constant rise in channel resistance. The wire then undergoes a phase explosion at 4us, converting to a mixture of metal vapour and droplets, and the voltage drops rapidly. With the increase of the temperature of the metal wire, the resistance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is increased, and an additional current path is formed in the solid-liquid composite energetic material. The two components together form a heat source for driving the solid-liquid composite energetic material, the explosion metal wire transfers heat to the energetic material through radiation, and an extra current path directly deposits electric energy in the energetic material and initiates thermite reaction. The two components act together to enable nitromethane to explode at 7us, which disturbs the originally stable discharge channel and enables the resistance of the channel to rise again. After the initial detonation wave is formed, a unique positive feedback mechanism is formed, namely, the detonation products enhance the Joule heating effect by increasing the load resistance, and then deposit higher electric energy in the energetic material to maintain and enhance the detonation wave.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, underwater blast shock wave patterns of comparative example 1 and comparative example. The shock wave peak pressure of example 1 was 24MPa, the energy density was 4467J/m2, and the shock wave peak pressure of comparative example was 10MPa, the energy density was 1621J/m2. Obviously, under the drive source parameter, the reticular metal wire array can enable the energetic material to generate violent detonation, and a single metal wire cannot enable the energetic material to generate detonation. Therefore, the net-shaped metal wire array can obviously reduce the energy storage of a power supply required by detonation, so that the mass and the volume of the pulse capacitor can be obviously reduced, and the miniaturization and the light weight of the device are realized.

Referring to fig. 8, the underwater explosion shock wave pressure waveform of example 2 is shown. A plurality of peak values appear in the shock wave waveform, and the sequence of the appearance time along with the peak values is named as #1-4 four peak values. The peak pressure of 1 peak is 19.852MPa, the emergence time is about 95.8 mus at the earliest, the peak pressure of 2 peaks is 11.82MPa, and the peak time is about 131.24 mus, wherein the shock wave and the nitro methane detonation are formed by the shock wave generated by a metal wire array in the nearby charge column load. The 2 peak is the peak formed by the shock wave and the detonation of nitromethane generated by a distant loaded metal wire array. The 3 peak and the 4 peak are respectively the secondary peak waveforms generated by the subsequent reaction of the near-distance loaded energetic material and the far-distance loaded energetic material, and the secondary peak pressure is 9.99MPa when compared with a single-drug column. From the results, the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 can simultaneously support two loads to detonate simultaneously, has excellent detonation synchronism, and can finish engineering targets such as directional fracturing rocks and the like.

The internal reflux type net-shaped metal wire array energetic material loading structure has the following advantages: 1. the energy storage requirement of the capacitor is obviously reduced (by more than 30 percent); 2. the external reflux column is not arranged, the service life of equipment cannot be shortened, and the rock cracking efficiency is improved; 3. the pluggable device structure is convenient for installation and operation. The portable high-voltage pulse generator 1 based on the load realizes miniaturization and light weight of the pulse power device, can be manually carried to a complex and narrow operation terrain, and can be used for completing subsequent operations by a single person. And the portable high-voltage pulse generating device 1 provides a plurality of cable interfaces, can support simultaneous explosion of a plurality of loads, and can complete engineering targets such as directional fracturing rocks.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A portable high voltage pulse generating device, comprising:

a device housing (120), a device internal insulation (104) being disposed within the device housing (120), the device internal insulation (104) dividing the interior of the device housing (120) into two separate and insulated cavities; one of the cavities is provided with a high-voltage power supply module, and the other cavity is provided with a high-voltage pulse source module;

the high-voltage pulse source module is characterized in that a high-voltage electrode (113) of the high-voltage pulse source module is connected with the high-voltage power supply module, and a ground electrode (111) and the device shell (120) are both grounded;

the switch module and the high-voltage pulse module are positioned in a cavity on the same side of the device shell (120), and are provided with a sealed and insulated inner cavity, a switch upper electrode (107) and a switch lower electrode (114) are arranged in the inner cavity, the switch lower electrode (114) is connected with the high-voltage electrode (113), and a discharge gap is formed between the switch upper electrode (107) and the switch lower electrode (114); the upper electrode (107) of the switch is connected with a plurality of cable interfaces and is used for connecting an external cable to transfer electric energy;

and the switch air charging and discharging module is communicated with the inner cavity of the switch module and is used for charging or discharging air into the inner cavity and adjusting the air pressure of the inner cavity so as to change the withstand voltage of the discharge gap.

2. The portable high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage power module comprises a high-voltage power supply (102), the high-voltage power supply (102) is connected with a high-voltage power control panel (101) and a power high-voltage output line (103), and the high-voltage power supply (102) is connected with the high-voltage pulse source module through the power high-voltage output line (103).

3. The portable high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 2, wherein the high-voltage pulse source module comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), the high-voltage electrode (113) and the ground electrode (111) are disposed on one side of the high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), the number of the ground electrodes (111) is 2, the ground electrodes are respectively disposed on two sides of the high-voltage electrode (113), and the high-voltage electrode (113) and the ground electrode (111) are isolated by a capacitive insulator (112).

4. The portable high-voltage pulse generating device according to claim 3, wherein the switch module comprises a switch metal casing (106) with an opening at one end, the opening side of the switch metal casing (106) is abutted against the two ground electrodes (111) of the high-voltage pulse capacitor (105), so that the high-voltage electrode (113) is positioned inside the switch metal casing (106) and forms a closed inner cavity; the switch upper electrode (107) is arranged on one side, far away from the high-voltage pole (113), in the switch metal shell (106), and the switch lower electrode (114) is arranged at the tail end of the high-voltage pole (113); the upper electrode (107) of the switch is insulated from the metal shell (106) of the switch by an upper insulation (109) of the switch; an electrode one-to-many device (108) is arranged in the switch upper insulation (109), and the electrode one-to-many device (108) is connected with the switch upper electrode (107); the opening opposite side of the switch metal shell (106) is connected with the device shell (120), and the ground electrode (111) is connected with the device shell (120) through the switch metal shell (106).

5. The portable high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 4, wherein a charging port (110) is disposed on the switch metal housing (106), and a sealing connector is disposed in the charging port (110), and one end of the sealing connector is connected to the power high-voltage output line (103) and the other end is connected to the high-voltage electrode (113).

6. The portable high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the switch inflation and deflation module comprises a gas cylinder (115), the gas cylinder (115) is communicated with the inner cavity through an inflation gas pipe (117), and the inner cavity is communicated with the external space through a deflation gas pipe (119); an inflation valve (116) is arranged on the inflation air pipe (117), and an air release valve (118) is arranged on the air release pipe (119).

7. A shockwave rock breaking device, comprising a portable high voltage pulse generating device (1) according to any one of claims 3-5, a number of pluggable cables (2) and a load (3) of energetic material; the portable high-voltage pulse generator is characterized in that a plurality of pluggable cables (2) are connected to a cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generator (1), the energetic material load (3) is arranged in the rock (4), and the pluggable cables (2) stretch into the hole of the rock (4) to be connected with the energetic material load (3).

8. The shock wave rock breaking device according to claim 7, wherein the pluggable cable (2) comprises a device end and a load end, and the device end comprises a cable device end high-voltage inner core (201), a cable device end inner insulation (202), a cable device end mesh grounding wire (203) and a cable device end insulation outer skin (204) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the load end comprises a cable load end insulating sheath (205), a cable load end meshed grounding wire (206), a cable load end internal insulation (208) and a cable load end high-voltage inner core (209) which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; a load grounding jack (207) is mounted on the cable load end internal insulation (208), the load grounding jack (207) is connected with the cable load end meshed grounding wire (206), and a load grounding terminal (210) is arranged on the outer side of the load grounding jack (207);

when the device end is inserted into a cable interface of the portable high-voltage pulse generating device (1), the high-voltage inner core (201) of the device end of the cable is contacted with the electrode one-to-many device (108), and the inner insulation (202) of the device end of the cable is contacted with the upper insulation (109) of the switch to form an insulation structure; the cable device end mesh grounding wire (203) is contacted with the switch metal shell (106) to form a loop of the cable.

9. The shock wave rock breaking device according to claim 8, wherein the energetic material load (3) comprises a load high-voltage inner core (301), a load inner insulator (302) is sleeved on the load high-voltage inner core (301), a load mesh grounding wire (303) is sleeved in the middle of the load inner insulator (302), and a load insulating outer skin (304) is sleeved on the load mesh grounding wire (303); a load shell (308) is arranged at the tail end of the load internal insulation (302), and energetic materials (306) are filled in the load shell (308); a plurality of metal wires are led out from one end of the load mesh grounding wire (303), are wound on the load inner insulation (302) in the load shell (308) in a rotating mode to form a mesh structure, and are connected with the load high-voltage inner core (301);

when the energetic material load (3) is inserted into the load end of the pluggable cable (2), the load high-voltage inner core (301) is in contact with the cable load end high-voltage inner core (209) to transmit electric energy, and the load internal insulation (302) is in contact with the cable load end internal insulation (208) to form an insulation structure; the load mesh grounding wire (303) is in contact with the load grounding terminal (210) through the load grounding wire (305) to form a loop.

10. A method of breaking rock with a shock wave using the apparatus defined in any one of claims 7 to 9, including the steps of:

step 1, inserting a pluggable cable (2) into a portable high-voltage pulse generation device (1);

step 2, inserting the same amount of energetic material loads (3) into the load end of the pluggable cable (2);

step 3, installing the energetic material load (3) in a hole of a rock (4), wherein the hole is a naturally formed gap or a manually cut hole;

step 4, inflating the inner cavity of the switch module to a specified air pressure;

step 5, remotely controlling the high-voltage power supply (102) to charge the high-voltage pulse capacitor (105) to a specified voltage through the high-voltage power supply control panel (101);

step 6, reducing the air pressure in the inner cavity of the switch module through an air release valve (118), so that the pressure resistance level of the switch module is reduced, and the switch module is broken down;

step 7, after breakdown occurs, transmitting electric energy to an energetic material load (3) to explode the energetic material load so as to crack the rock (4);

step 8, evaluating the cracking effect, and if the cracking effect is not in line with the expectation, returning to the step 3 until the expected cracking effect is achieved; if the result is in expectation, executing step 9;

and 9, selecting a new hole, and repeating the steps 3 to 8 until all target areas achieve the expected cracking effect.

Images