CN115491467B - Heating method for top gun head and molten steel - Google Patents
Heating method for top gun head and molten steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115491467B CN115491467B CN202211230883.6A CN202211230883A CN115491467B CN 115491467 B CN115491467 B CN 115491467B CN 202211230883 A CN202211230883 A CN 202211230883A CN 115491467 B CN115491467 B CN 115491467B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
- F27D2003/164—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/165—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being a fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
- F27D2003/169—Construction of the lance, e.g. lances for injecting particles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a top lance head and a heating method of molten steel, wherein a first channel, a second channel and a third channel are arranged in a main body of the top lance head, the second channel is communicated with the first channel and the second channel, the first channel extends into a nozzle, the second channel extends out of a spraying end, one end of the third channel is communicated with a second oxygen supply end, the other end extends out of the spraying end, and in actual operation, oxygen in the third channel and fuel gas in the second channel are mixed after being sprayed out of the spraying end, oxygen in the first channel and fuel gas in the first channel are mixed in the nozzle and then sprayed out for burning, so that burning heat is transferred to molten steel, the oxygen and fuel gas are fully mixed, the burning degree before the jet flow reaches the liquid level of molten steel is improved, and the phenomenon of oxygen increasing of molten steel is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of molten steel treatment, in particular to a top gun head and a heating method of molten steel.
Background
The RH method, namely the molten steel vacuum circulation degassing method, is characterized in that two circulating pipes communicated with the vacuum chamber are arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the circulating pipes are inserted into molten steel during degassing treatment, the molten steel enters a vacuum degassing chamber from the circulating pipes by means of pressure difference established after the vacuum chamber is vacuumized, meanwhile, driving gas is blown in from one of the two circulating pipes (a rising pipe), the circulating motion is generated by pumping the molten steel through the degassing chamber and a falling pipe by utilizing the principle of a bubble pump, and the gas is removed in the vacuum chamber.
The RH method is a refining mode which is preferentially selected for efficiently producing high-end varieties, and in recent years, the application of the RH refining technology has become standardized. The RH method has the functions of circulation mixing, vacuum degassing and decarburization, but the problem of large temperature drop in the treatment process is not solved well all the time.
There is a newly developed RH-KTB technology at present, which utilizes CO generated in the decarburization process to carry out secondary combustion so as to reduce the temperature drop of molten steel, but the technology cannot be carried out at other times because the CO is only generated in a larger amount in the early stage of decarburization. The RH-MFB technology is also developed, and the molten steel and refractory materials are heated by using fuel gas and oxygen combustion, but in the actual production process, the traditional Raoult top gun nozzle is adopted, only small-flow oxygen combustion can be performed, the generated heat is limited, the heating effect is not ideal, and the oxygen is ejected from the Raoult nozzle after larger flow, and the oxygen and the fuel gas reach the liquid level of the molten steel without combustion due to larger kinetic energy of the ejected oxygen, so that the oxygenation of the molten steel is caused, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application provides a top gun head and a heating method of molten steel, which are used for solving the problems of insufficient mixing of oxygen and fuel gas sprayed out of the gun head and poor combustion effect in the prior art.
The above object of the present invention is mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:
The utility model provides a top rifle head, is including the main part that is used for connecting the top rifle, be equipped with first passageway, second passageway and third passageway in the main part, the main part is kept away from one side of top rifle is equipped with the blowout end, wherein:
One end of the first channel is used for being communicated with a first oxygen supply end, and a nozzle communicated with the spraying end is arranged between the other end of the first channel and the spraying end;
one end of the second channel is communicated with the fuel gas supply end, a first branch channel and a second branch channel are arranged at the other end of the second channel, the first branch channel extends into the nozzle so that oxygen in the first channel and fuel gas in the first branch channel are mixed in the nozzle, and the second branch channel extends out of the spraying end;
one end of the third channel is used for being communicated with the second oxygen supply end, and the other end of the third channel extends out of the spraying end, so that oxygen in the third channel and fuel gas in the second branch channel are mixed after being sprayed out of the spraying end.
Further, a centerline of the first channel coincides with a centerline of the body.
Further, the second channel is an annular channel, the center line of the second channel coincides with the center line of the first channel, and the inner diameter of the second channel is larger than the outer diameter of the first channel.
Further, the first branch channel and the second branch channel are respectively provided with a plurality of branch channels, the branch channels are circumferentially distributed around the central line of the first channel, and the inner diameter of the first branch channel is the same as the inner diameter of the second branch channel.
Further, the top gun head further comprises a fourth channel and a fifth channel, the center lines of the fourth channel and the fifth channel coincide with the center line of the first channel, the fourth channel is used for being communicated with a water inlet end, the fifth channel is used for being communicated with a water outlet end, and a communication hole is formed between the fourth channel and the fifth channel.
Further, the nozzle is provided with a retracting section and an expanding section, the inner walls of the retracting section and the expanding section are respectively provided with conical surfaces, and a connecting channel with the smallest inner diameter is arranged at the connecting position of the retracting section and the expanding section.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a method for heating molten steel, equipment for realizing the heating method comprises the top gun head, and the heating method comprises the following steps:
vacuumizing the vacuum chamber;
After the molten steel of the non-decarburized steel type starts to circulate, or after the molten steel of the decarburized steel type is decarburized for 4-5min, driving the top lance head to descend to a position 3-5m above the molten steel;
Introducing oxygen into the first channel and the third channel, and simultaneously introducing fuel gas into the second channel;
The high-speed oxygen in the first channel through the nozzle is mixed and sprayed with the fuel gas in the first branch channel for combustion heating;
and the oxygen in the third channel and the fuel gas in the second branch channel are mixed and sprayed out for combustion heating.
Further, the gas is coke oven gas or natural gas, when the gas is coke oven gas, the gas flow rate is 600-800m 3/h, the oxygen flow rate is 450-600m 3/h, when the gas is natural gas, the gas flow rate is 400-600m 3/h, and the oxygen flow rate is 800-1200m 3/h.
Further, when the gas is coke oven gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is 3 times that in the third channel; and when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is smaller than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is 2 times that in the third channel.
Further, when the gas is natural gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is the same as the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel; and when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is smaller than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel is 2 times that in the first channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The top gun head of the invention is arranged on the top gun, a first channel, a second channel and a third channel are arranged in the main body, a spraying end is arranged at one side of the main body far away from the top gun, one end of the first channel is communicated with a first oxygen supply end, the other end of the first channel is communicated with a nozzle, one end of the second channel is communicated with a fuel gas supply end, the other end of the second channel is communicated with a first branch channel and a second branch channel, the first branch channel extends into the nozzle, the second branch channel extends out of the spraying end, one end of the third channel is communicated with the second oxygen supply end, the other end extends out of the spraying end, oxygen is respectively introduced into the first channel and the third channel during actual operation, the gas introduced into the second channel is simultaneously sent out through the first branch channel and the second branch channel, and the oxygen in the third channel and the gas in the second branch channel are mixed and combusted after being sprayed out of the spraying end, the oxygen in the first channel and the gas in the first branch channel are mixed in the nozzle and then sprayed out for combustion, so that combustion heat is transferred to molten steel, high-speed jet emitted from the nozzle is used for waiting for oxygen blowing and combustion in the baking process and oxygen blowing and decarburization in the forced decarburization process, and low-speed jet emitted from the third channel and the second branch channel is used for oxygen blowing assisted in the molten steel oxygen combustion and heating process, so that the oxygen and the gas are fully mixed, the combustion degree before the jet reaches the liquid level of the molten steel is improved, and the oxygen increasing phenomenon of the molten steel is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a top lance tip provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top gun according to an embodiment of the present application;
in the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a first channel; 21. a nozzle; 22. a retracting section; 23. an expansion section; 24. a connection channel; 3. a second channel; 31. a first branch channel; 32. a second branch channel; 4. a third channel; 5. a fourth channel; 6. a fifth channel; 61. the communication hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a top lance head comprises a main body 1 for connecting a top lance, wherein a first channel 2, a second channel 3 and a third channel 4 are arranged in the main body 1, a spraying end is arranged on one side of the main body 1 away from the top lance, the main body 1 is detachably connected with the top lance, the first channel 2, the second channel 3 and the third channel 4 are respectively arranged in the main body 1, a space capable of flowing is formed between one end of the main body 1 and the other end, a spraying end on the main body 1 is operated during the use of the top lance, and the spraying end faces toward molten steel, wherein:
one end of the first channel 2 is used for being communicated with a first oxygen supply end, a nozzle 21 which is communicated with the other end of the first channel is arranged between the first channel and the spraying end, and the first oxygen supply end conveys oxygen into the first channel 2 and sprays the oxygen to the outside of the main body 1 through the nozzle 21.
One end of the second channel 3 is used for being communicated with a fuel gas supply end, a first branch channel 31 and a second branch channel 32 are arranged at the other end of the second channel, the first branch channel 31 extends into the nozzle 21 so that oxygen in the first channel 2 and fuel gas in the first branch channel 31 are mixed in the nozzle 21, the second branch channel 32 extends out of the ejection end, and the fuel gas supply end conveys the fuel gas into the second channel 3 and respectively enters the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32 under the guiding conveying of the second channel 3.
One end of the third channel 4 is used for being communicated with a second oxygen supply end, the other end extends out of the spraying end, so that oxygen in the third channel 4 and fuel gas in the second branch channel 32 are mixed after being sprayed out of the spraying end, and the second oxygen supply end conveys oxygen into the third channel 4 and is directly mixed with the fuel gas sprayed out of the second branch channel 32 outside the spraying end.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the top gun head is arranged on the top gun, a first channel 2, a second channel 3 and a third channel 4 are arranged in the main body 1, a spraying end is arranged on one side of the main body 1 far away from the top gun, one end of the first channel 2 is communicated with a first oxygen supply end, the other end of the first channel is communicated with a nozzle 21, one end of the second channel 3 is communicated with a fuel gas supply end, the other end of the second channel is communicated with a first branch channel 31 and a second branch channel 32, the first branch channel 31 extends into the nozzle 21, the second branch channel 32 extends out of the spraying end, one end of the third channel 4 is communicated with the second oxygen supply end, the other end of the third channel extends out of the spraying end, oxygen is respectively introduced into the first channel 2 and the third channel 4 during actual operation, the gas introduced in the second channel 3 is simultaneously sent out through the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32, and the oxygen in the third channel 4 and the gas in the second branch channel 32 are mixed and combusted after being sprayed out of the spraying end, the oxygen in the first channel 2 and the gas in the first branch channel 31 are mixed and then sprayed out for combustion in the nozzle 21, so that the combustion heat is transferred to molten steel, the high-speed jet emitted from the nozzle 21 is used for waiting for oxygen blowing and combustion in the baking process, and oxygen blowing and decarburization in the forced decarburization process, and the low-speed jet emitted from the third channel 4 and the second branch channel 32 is used for assisting oxygen blowing in the oxygen combustion and heating process of molten steel, so that the oxygen and the gas are fully mixed, the combustion degree before the jet reaches the liquid level of the molten steel is improved, and the oxygen increasing phenomenon of the molten steel is avoided.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the center line of the first channel 2 coincides with the center line of the main body 1, so that the first channel 2 is kept at the center of the main body 1, and when oxygen is introduced into the first channel 2 and the third channel 4 and fuel gas is introduced into the second channel 3, the relative distance between the fuel gas and the oxygen after being sprayed out is uniform, so that the situation that the oxygen and the fuel gas on one side are fully mixed and the oxygen and the fuel gas on the other side are insufficiently mixed is avoided.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the second channel 3 is provided as an annular channel, the center line of the second channel 3 coincides with the center line of the first channel 2, and the inner diameter of the second channel 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the first channel 2.
The gas introduced into the second channel 3 is guided and ejected by the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32, wherein the first branch channel 31 guides a part of the gas into the nozzle 21 to be mixed with the oxygen in the first channel 2, and the second branch channel 32 guides a part of the gas out of the ejection end to be mixed with the oxygen in the third channel 4, so that the second channel 3 is configured as an annular channel, and the space utilization rate in the main body 1 is improved and the space in the second channel 3 is improved on the premise of keeping the ejection uniformity of the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32 are respectively provided with a plurality of branch channels, and are circumferentially distributed around the center line of the first channel 2, and the inner diameter of the first branch channel 31 is the same as the inner diameter of the second branch channel 32, so as to maintain the conveying efficiency of the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32, and simultaneously, maintain the same flow of the fuel gas in the first branch channel 31 and the second branch channel 32, so that the flow distribution of the oxygen and the fuel gas is convenient to control, and further the combustion efficiency is more convenient to adjust.
Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the top gun head further includes a fourth channel 5 and a fifth channel 6, the center lines of the fourth channel 5 and the fifth channel 6 coincide with the center line of the first channel 2, and are all set to be annular channels, the fourth channel 5 is used for communicating with a water inlet end, the fifth channel 6 is used for communicating with a water outlet end, and a communication hole 61 is provided between the fourth channel 5 and the fifth channel 6.
In the actual use process, the cooling liquid is introduced into the fourth channel 5 through the water inlet end, flows into the fifth channel 6 from the communication hole 61 after reaching the communication hole 61, then moves to the water outlet end after passing through the fifth channel 6, and contacts with the main body 1 and completes heat exchange in the moving process of the fourth channel 5 and the fifth channel 6 so as to maintain the main body 1 in a relatively low temperature range, and in addition, a circulating assembly can be arranged between the water inlet end and the water outlet end so as to realize circulating conveying of the cooling liquid and maintain a continuous cooling effect.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the nozzle 21 has a retracting section 22 and an expanding section 23, the inner walls of the retracting section 22 and the expanding section 23 are respectively tapered, and a connecting channel 24 with the smallest inner diameter is provided at the connection position of the retracting section 22 and the expanding section 23, the retracting section 22 is arranged close to the first channel 2, the expanding section 23 is close to the spraying end, when oxygen is conveyed into the first channel 2, the oxygen firstly enters the retracting section 22, passes through the connecting channel 24 with the smallest inner diameter between the retracting section 22 and the expanding section, and then enters the expanding section and is rapidly sprayed out.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a method for heating molten steel, equipment for realizing the heating method comprises the top gun head, and the heating method comprises the following steps:
vacuumizing the vacuum chamber;
After the molten steel of the non-decarburized steel type starts to circulate, or after the molten steel of the decarburized steel type is decarburized for 4-5min, driving the top lance head to descend to a position 3-5m above the molten steel;
oxygen is introduced into the first channel 2 and the third channel 4, and fuel gas is introduced into the second channel 3;
The high-speed oxygen in the first channel 2 through the nozzle 21 is mixed with the fuel gas in the first branch channel 31 to be sprayed out for combustion heating;
the oxygen in the third channel 4 is mixed with the fuel gas in the second branch channel 32 and sprayed out for combustion heating.
It is worth to say that the top lance head is located at 3-5m above molten steel, and the low lance position is favorable for transferring heat to molten steel, but provided that the jet flow is completely burnt before reaching the molten steel.
Further, the gas is coke oven gas or natural gas, when the gas is coke oven gas, the gas flow rate is 600-800m 3/h, the oxygen flow rate is 450-600m 3/h, when the gas is natural gas, the gas flow rate is 400-600m 3/h, and the oxygen flow rate is 800-1200m 3/h.
It should be noted that, since the heating method of molten steel is a heat transfer operation performed after jet combustion, the larger the amount of fuel used, the more heat generated during combustion, and thus a better heating effect of molten steel can be achieved.
When the coke oven gas is adopted as the fuel gas, the maximum allowable flow rate of the top lance is 800m 3/h, when the larger flow rate is set, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber can be influenced, gas is generated due to combustion of the coke oven gas, the gas is required to be pumped out for vacuum maintenance, at the moment, the pressure in the vacuum chamber can be increased when the gas generation amount is larger than the pumping amount of the vacuum pump, the method is unfavorable for molten steel treatment, when the set flow rate is smaller than 600m 3/h, the heating efficiency is low, and 600-800m 3/h is the optimal flow rate range for both the two points.
Because the oxygen demand of the combustion of the natural gas is different from that of the coke oven gas, when the gas adopts weather gas, the inflow rate of the natural gas is set to be 400-600m 3/h so as to keep a stable heating effect.
The oxygen flow is controlled according to the gas flow, the oxygen-fuel ratio when the coke oven gas is completely combusted is 0.75, that is, the ratio of the oxygen flow to the gas flow is 0.75, and the oxygen-fuel ratio when the natural gas is completely combusted is 2.0, that is, the ratio of the oxygen flow to the gas flow is 2.0.
Further, when the gas is coke oven gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel 2 is 3 times that in the third channel 4; when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel 2 is 2 times that in the third channel 4.
The oxygen distribution ratio in the first channel 2 and the second channel 3 is 3:1, because the nozzle 21 at one end of the first channel 2 can overcome the adverse factor of large ambient pressure and can obtain jet flow with higher speed when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40 mbar. When the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is less than 40mbar, the adverse factors of high ambient pressure cannot be overcome at the outlet of the third channel 4, and the ambient pressure is low, namely the distribution ratio of oxygen in the first channel 2 and the third channel 4 is correspondingly reduced to 2:1.
Specifically, when the same amount of coke oven gas is combusted to consume 400m 3 of oxygen under the premise of different vacuum pressures in the vacuum chamber, when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the distribution amount of oxygen in the first channel 2 is 300m 3, and the distribution amount of oxygen in the third channel 4 is 100m 3; at a vacuum pressure of less than 40mbar in the vacuum chamber, the oxygen distribution in the first channel 2 drops to 266m 3 and the oxygen distribution in the third channel 4 increases to 133m 3.
Further, when the gas is natural gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel 2 is the same as the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel 4; when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel 4 is 2 times that in the first channel 2.
Similarly, because the oxygen consumption is different when the natural gas burns, in order to maintain more stable burning time and burning effect, specifically, when the same amount of natural gas is burnt to consume 400m 3 of oxygen on the premise of different vacuum pressures in the vacuum chamber, when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the distribution amount of oxygen in the first channel 2 is 200m 3, and the distribution amount of oxygen in the third channel 4 is 200m 3; at a vacuum pressure of less than 40mbar in the vacuum chamber, the oxygen distribution in the first channel 2 drops to 133m 3 and the oxygen distribution in the third channel 4 increases to 266m 3.
It should be appreciated that the terms first, second, etc. are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: the terms "/and" herein describe another associative object relationship, indicating that there may be two relationships, e.g., a/and B, may indicate that: the character "/" herein generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.
It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship in which the disclosed product is conventionally put in use, or an orientation or a positional relationship that is conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including" and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, and do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
In the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known processes, structures, and techniques may not be shown in unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the example embodiments.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of embodiments of the present application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a heating method of molten steel, its characterized in that, realize the equipment of heating method includes top rifle head, top rifle head is including the main part that is used for connecting the top rifle, be equipped with first passageway, second passageway and third passageway in the main part, the main part is kept away from one side of top rifle is equipped with the blowout end, wherein:
One end of the first channel is used for being communicated with a first oxygen supply end, and a nozzle communicated with the spraying end is arranged between the other end of the first channel and the spraying end;
one end of the second channel is communicated with the fuel gas supply end, a first branch channel and a second branch channel are arranged at the other end of the second channel, the first branch channel extends into the nozzle so that oxygen in the first channel and fuel gas in the first branch channel are mixed in the nozzle, and the second branch channel extends out of the spraying end;
One end of the third channel is used for being communicated with a second oxygen supply end, and the other end of the third channel extends out of the spraying end, so that oxygen in the third channel and fuel gas in the second branch channel are mixed after being sprayed out of the spraying end;
The heating method comprises the following steps:
vacuumizing the vacuum chamber;
After the molten steel of the non-decarburized steel type starts to circulate, or after the molten steel of the decarburized steel type is decarburized for 4-5min, driving the top lance head to descend to a position 3-5m above the molten steel;
Introducing oxygen into the first channel and the third channel, and simultaneously introducing fuel gas into the second channel;
The high-speed oxygen in the first channel through the nozzle is mixed and sprayed with the fuel gas in the first branch channel for combustion heating;
and the oxygen in the third channel and the fuel gas in the second branch channel are mixed and sprayed out for combustion heating.
2. The method of heating molten steel according to claim 1 wherein: the center line of the first channel coincides with the center line of the main body.
3. The method of heating molten steel according to claim 1 wherein: the second channel is an annular channel, the center line of the second channel coincides with the center line of the first channel, and the inner diameter of the second channel is larger than the outer diameter of the first channel.
4. The method of heating molten steel according to claim 1 wherein: the first branch channels and the second branch channels are respectively provided with a plurality of branch channels, the branch channels are circumferentially distributed around the central line of the first channel, and the inner diameter of the first branch channel is the same as the inner diameter of the second branch channel.
5. The method of heating molten steel according to claim 1 wherein: the top gun head further comprises a fourth channel and a fifth channel, the center lines of the fourth channel and the fifth channel coincide with the center line of the first channel, the fourth channel is used for being communicated with a water inlet end, the fifth channel is used for being communicated with a water outlet end, and a communication hole is formed between the fourth channel and the fifth channel.
6. The method of heating molten steel according to claim 1 wherein: the nozzle is provided with a retracting section and an expanding section, the inner walls of the retracting section and the expanding section are respectively provided with conical surfaces, and a connecting channel with the smallest inner diameter is arranged at the connecting position of the retracting section and the expanding section.
7. The method of heating molten steel of claim 1 wherein: the gas adopts coke oven gas or natural gas, when the gas adopts coke oven gas, the flow rate of gas is 600-800m 3/h, the flow rate of oxygen is 450-600m 3/h, when the gas adopts natural gas, the flow rate of gas is 400-600m 3/h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 800-1200m 3/h.
8. The method of heating molten steel of claim 7 wherein: when the fuel gas adopts coke oven gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is 3 times of the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel; and when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is smaller than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is 2 times that in the third channel.
9. The method of heating molten steel of claim 7 wherein: when the fuel gas adopts natural gas and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is not less than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the first channel is the same as the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel; and when the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is smaller than 40mbar, the oxygen inlet flow rate in the third channel is 2 times that in the first channel.
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| CN202211230883.6A CN115491467B (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Heating method for top gun head and molten steel |
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| CN202211230883.6A CN115491467B (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Heating method for top gun head and molten steel |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201250248Y (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-06-03 | 管序荣 | Spray nozzle for refining furnace |
| CN207019063U (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-02-16 | 上海华之邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low heat value/low-pressure gas burner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5712945B2 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2015-05-07 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Method for melting low-sulfur steel |
| CN105316452B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-12-29 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of high rifle position process for vacuum refining based on boundling top gun |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201250248Y (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-06-03 | 管序荣 | Spray nozzle for refining furnace |
| CN207019063U (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-02-16 | 上海华之邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low heat value/low-pressure gas burner |
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