CN115478160A - Device and process method for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel - Google Patents
Device and process method for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115478160A CN115478160A CN202211216992.2A CN202211216992A CN115478160A CN 115478160 A CN115478160 A CN 115478160A CN 202211216992 A CN202211216992 A CN 202211216992A CN 115478160 A CN115478160 A CN 115478160A
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- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A device for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel and a process method thereof belong to the technical field of steel, nonferrous metallurgy and pellet preparation by using powdery materials. The invention adopts low heat value fuel to burn in the combustion furnace, and obtains high temperature flue gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8-15 percent. The high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the hood of the belt type roasting machine through a hot air pipeline so as to meet the temperature requirement and heat supply of pellet roasting. The high-temperature low-oxygen combustor is arranged on the side wall of the hood of the highest roasting temperature section of the belt roasting machine, the graded combustion technology is adopted, low-heat value coal gas is combusted in a high-temperature low-oxygen environment, the temperature of flue gas is increased to 1250-1380 ℃, and the requirement of the highest roasting temperature of pellets is met. The flue gas in each section of the straight grate type roasting machine is recycled so as to improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat. By adopting the high-temperature low-oxygen staged combustion technology, the roasting temperature is improved, the fuel consumption is reduced, and NO in the combustion process can be effectively reduced x Generation and discharge of.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of iron and steel, nonferrous metallurgy, etc. and other technology for preparing pellet with powdered material, and is especially suitable for producing pellet with iron ore powder. Pellet ore is an artificial ore, and iron ore fine powder with the granularity of-200 meshes and the granularity of less than 76 mu m is utilized to prepare pellets through a pelletizing device, and then the pellets are subjected to a series of technological processing processes of drying, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling and the like through a belt type roasting machine, so that the artificial raw materials meeting the requirements of blast furnaces, shaft furnaces and other metallurgical devices are prepared. The pellet production process has a series of technical advantages of excellent product performance quality, low process energy consumption, less pollutant emission, large production process scale and the like, so that the pellet production process becomes more and more a mainstream process for iron ore powder agglomeration, and with the implementation of a blast furnace green low-carbon smelting technology, the charging rate and the use amount of pellet are improved, and the CO reduction of the blast furnace iron-making process is realized 2 And one of the most important technical measures for pollutant emission.
Background
The existing pellet production process of the belt type roasting machine generally adopts high-calorific-value gas fuel such as natural gas, coke oven gas and the like as a heat source, high-calorific-value gas is combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas to realize drying, preheating, heating, roasting and consolidation of pellets, and the highest roasting temperature can reach 1250-1380 ℃ or even higher according to different types and performances of iron ore powder. Common metallurgical gas such as blast furnace gas, converter gas and other low-calorific-value fuels have low calorific value, insufficient heat supply and incapability of realizing high-temperature roasting and consolidation of pellets due to the fact that the combustion temperature cannot meet the roasting temperature requirement. Therefore, the dependence on natural gas or coke oven gas with high heating value becomes the most main technical defect of the pelletizing process of the travelling grate, and the popularization and the application of the technology are directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the blast furnace gas with low calorific value reaches the pellet roasting temperature and the heat supply is realized by aiming at the defects of the prior art.
A device for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel is characterized in that a high-temperature flue gas pipeline is arranged at the top of a hood of an existing belt type roasting machine, and a high-temperature flue gas nozzle is arranged at the end of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline; a plurality of high-temperature low-oxygen burners are arranged on the side wall of the hood of the high-temperature roasting section of the belt roasting machine; and a combustion furnace is arranged at the other end of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
The tail gas pipelines of the roasting section and the soaking section of the belt type roasting machine are connected with the air draft drying section of the belt type roasting machine; the tail gas pipeline of the cooling 1 section of the belt type roasting machine is connected with the preheating section of the belt type roasting machine; and the tail gas pipeline of the cooling 2 section of the straight-belt type roasting machine is connected with the forced air drying section of the straight-belt type roasting machine.
A process method for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel comprises the following steps:
firstly, burning low-heat value coal gas to generate high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8-15%;
secondly, high-temperature flue gas enters the straight grate roaster from the top of the hood of the straight grate roaster through a high-temperature flue gas pipeline;
and step three, arranging a plurality of high-temperature low-oxygen burners in the high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine, and performing fractional combustion on low-heat-value fuel in a high-temperature flue gas atmosphere to form dispersed flame and a uniformly distributed temperature field so that the roasting temperature of the high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine reaches 1250-1380 ℃.
The belt type roasting machine comprises a roasting section and a soaking section, and tail gas of the roasting section and the soaking section of the belt type roasting machine is pumped to an air draft drying section of the belt type roasting machine by a fan for cyclic utilization; conveying the tail gas passing through the cooling 1 section of the straight-belt type roasting machine to a preheating section of the straight-belt type roasting machine for recycling; and conveying the tail gas passing through the cooling 2 section of the straight grate roaster to an air-blast drying section of the straight grate roaster for recycling. An independent high-temperature combustion furnace is arranged to burn low-heat value coal gas to generate high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃, and the oxygen content in the flue gas is controlled to be 8-15% (volume percentage). The special high-temperature flue gas pipeline is arranged to convey high-temperature flue gas to the top of the hood of the belt type roasting machine, a plurality of special high-temperature flue gas nozzles are arranged on the top of the hood, and the high-temperature flue gas is sprayed into the hood of the belt type roasting machine through the nozzles and is used for heating pellets on the belt type roasting machine. In order to meet the requirement of uniform temperature distribution on the cross section of the belt type roasting machine and the requirement of temperature control of pellets in different sections on the longitudinal section of the belt type roasting machine. Pellet calcination high temperature section further improves calcination temperature, ensures the supply of high temperature heat under the condition of high temperature flue gas input, on the aircraft bonnet lateral wall of belt roaster, sets up high temperature hypoxemia combustor, adopts high temperature hypoxemia fractional combustion technique further to improve flue gas temperature and heat and supply. The method is characterized in that a plurality of groups of high-temperature low-oxygen combustors are arranged on the side wall of a hood of a high-temperature roasting section of the belt roasting machine according to the requirement of air mass roasting temperature, low-heat value gas is sprayed into the hood of the belt roasting machine through the high-temperature low-oxygen combustors by adopting a low-heat value fuel fractional combustion technology, high-temperature gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8-15% is used as a combustion medium, combustion air or oxygen does not need to be matched, fractional combustion is carried out in the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion atmosphere, a working condition environment with higher temperature and uniform distribution is formed, and the process requirement of pellets in the high-temperature roasting section is met. In the pellet high-temperature roasting section of the belt type roasting machine, low-calorific-value gas meets hot flue gas sprayed from a hot air nozzle at the top of a hood of the belt type roasting machine, and the low-calorific-value gas is directly combusted in a high-temperature and low-oxygen atmosphere to form a dispersed flame and a uniformly distributed high-temperature environment, so that the temperature of the flue gas in the high-temperature roasting section can be increased to 1250-1380 ℃ or even higher, the highest temperature of the roasting section meets the temperature requirement and heat supply requirement of pellet roasting, and the generation and emission of nitrogen oxides can be effectively reduced.
The invention is characterized in that low-heat value gas is firstly combusted to generate high-temperature low-oxygen hot flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is conveyed and guided into hoods of a preheating section, a roasting section and a soaking section of a belt type roasting machine through a hot flue gas pipeline, the high-temperature flue gas is mixed with tail gas recycled from a cooling section of the belt type roasting machine in a drying and preheating section, and the high-temperature low-oxygen hot flue gas is used for drying and preheating process pellets of the belt type roasting machine according to the temperature requirements of different sections. In the high-temperature roasting section, the pellets are burnt in a high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere by using a high-temperature low-oxygen hot flue gas coupling staged combustion process to form a high-temperature roasting environment with uniform temperature distribution, so that the roasting temperature of the pellets is improved and the high-temperature heat is supplied, and the number and the arrangement form of the high-temperature low-oxygen burners are set according to the temperature and thermal control requirements so as to meet the roasting temperature requirement of the high-temperature section. The cooling section, the drying section and the preheating section of the belt type roasting machine utilize cooling blast and flue gas circulation to carry out heat exchange and temperature regulation.
By adopting the high-temperature low-oxygen fractional combustion technology, the roasting temperature can be improved, the fuel consumption can be greatly reduced, and NO in the combustion process can be greatly reduced x Generation and discharge of.
Another important feature of the present invention is that: the flue gas in each section of the travelling grate roaster is recycled in a cross way, so that the heat energy utilization efficiency is further improved, and the energy consumption and the pollutant emission are reduced. The gas passing through the cooling section has certain heat when the temperature rises while cooling the pellets, and the gas is recycled and respectively conveyed to the blast drying section and the preheating section for primary drying and preheating of the pellets. The flue gas passing through the roasting section and the soaking section is pumped to the air draft drying section through a circulating fan for secondary drying of the pellets. The gas cross circulation process can realize the accurate control of the process temperature of each section of the belt type roasting machine, improve the waste heat utilization efficiency and reduce the energy consumption and the pollutant discharge.
Drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention for producing pellets by using low calorific value fuel and adopting a high temperature low oxygen technology; fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of sectionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.
In FIG. 1, a burner; 2. a gas pipeline; 3. a combustion air conduit; 4. a belt type roasting machine; 5. a forced air drying section; 6. an air draft drying section; 7. a preheating section; 8. a roasting section; 9. a soaking section; 10. cooling for 1 section; 11. cooling for 2 sections; 12. a cooling fan; 13. a circulating fan; 14. an outer exhaust fan at the preheating section; 15. an exhaust fan is arranged outside the air draft drying section; 16. an outer blower of the blast drying section; 17. a chimney; 18. a high temperature low oxygen burner; 19. high temperature flue gas pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention adopts a production process of pellets of a belt type roasting machine. The belt type roasting machine 4 consists of a blast drying section 5, an air draft drying section 6, a preheating section 7, a roasting section 8, a soaking section 9, a cooling 1 section 10 and a cooling 2 section 11 according to the temperature distribution and the process operation requirements.
The invention is provided with an independent combustion furnace 1, low-calorific value gas (such as blast furnace gas, converter gas and the like) passes through a gas pipeline 2, combustion-supporting air passes through a combustion-supporting air pipeline 3 and enters the combustion furnace 1 for combustion, and high-temperature low-oxygen flue gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8-15% is generated.
The high-temperature and low-oxygen flue gas enters a high-temperature flue gas pipeline 19, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 19 is arranged above the belt type roasting machine 4, a plurality of hot air branch pipes are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline or alternately arranged at intervals, and the hot air branch pipes respectively enter the hoods of the preheating section 7, the roasting section 8 and the soaking section 9 from the tops of the hoods of the preheating section 7, the roasting section 8 and the soaking section 9 through hot air nozzles. In the upper space of the belt type roasting machine 4, the heat of the high-temperature low-oxygen hot flue gas is supplied to the pellets on the trolley of the belt type roasting machine 4, and the pellets are preheated, roasted and uniformly heated to meet the requirements of the pellet production process.
The high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine 4 is a roasting section 8, a plurality of groups of high-temperature low-oxygen burners 18 are arranged on two sides of the hood of the roasting section 8, low-heat value gas passes through the high-temperature low-oxygen burners 18, fractional combustion is carried out in a high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere with the temperature of more than 800 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8% -15% by adopting a fractional combustion process mode, a dispersed flame and a uniformly distributed temperature field are formed, and the temperature of the high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine 4, namely the roasting section 8, can be obviously increased to 1250-1380 ℃ by utilizing the combustion of the low-heat value gas under the high-temperature low-oxygen condition with the temperature of 800-100 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8% -15%, so as to meet the requirement of pellet roasting consolidation.
The cooling fan 12 draws air from the atmosphere into the windboxes of the cooling 1 stage 10 and the cooling 2 stage 11, and cools the pellets that have been roasted and consolidated on the cart of the straight grate type roasting machine 4. The gas passing through the cooling section 1 and the section 10 is recycled and conveyed into a hood of the preheating section 7 for recycling, and is mixed with high-temperature flue gas generated by the high-temperature combustion furnace 1 to form gas with proper temperature for preheating the pellets; the tail gas passes through a wind box at the lower part of the preheating section 7, passes through an outer exhaust fan 14 of the preheating section and is discharged into a chimney 17. The gas passing through the cooling 2 section 11 is recycled and conveyed into a wind box at the lower part of the blast drying section 5, flows from bottom to top from the bottom of the trolley of the belt type roasting machine 4, primarily dries and heats the pellets, dries the pellets at a lower temperature, and discharges part of moisture, particularly adsorbed water, in the pellets along with flue gas. The gas passing through the blowing and drying section 5 is exhausted to the atmosphere through a chimney 17 by the suction of an external exhaust fan 16 of the blowing and drying section.
After entering the air box, the flue gas of the roasting section 8 and the soaking section 9 passes through the circulating fan 13 and is conveyed into the hood of the air draft drying section 6 for cyclic utilization, and the flue gas is used for further heating and drying the pellets. After passing through the blast drying section 5, the temperature of the pellets is raised, a part of water is evaporated, and further heating, temperature rise and drying are needed to remove residual adsorbed water and crystal water in the pellets. The tail gas of the air draft drying section 6 passes through an outer exhaust fan 15 of the air draft drying section and is exhausted into the atmosphere through a chimney 17.
Claims (4)
1. The device for producing the pellet by using the low-calorific-value fuel is characterized in that: a high-temperature flue gas pipeline is arranged at the top of a hood of the existing belt type roasting machine, and a high-temperature flue gas nozzle is arranged at the end of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline; a plurality of high-temperature low-oxygen burners are arranged on the side wall of the hood of the high-temperature roasting section of the belt roasting machine; and a combustion furnace is arranged at the other end of the high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the tail gas pipelines of the roasting section and the soaking section of the belt type roasting machine are connected with the air draft drying section of the belt type roasting machine; the tail gas pipeline of the cooling 1 section of the straight grate roaster is connected with the preheating section of the straight grate roaster; and the tail gas pipeline of the cooling 2 section of the straight-belt type roasting machine is connected with the forced air drying section of the straight-belt type roasting machine.
3. A process method for producing pellets by using low-calorific-value fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, burning low-heat value coal gas to generate high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ and the oxygen content of 8-15%;
secondly, high-temperature flue gas enters the straight grate roaster from the top of the hood of the straight grate roaster through a high-temperature flue gas pipeline;
and step three, arranging a plurality of high-temperature low-oxygen burners in the high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine, and performing fractional combustion on low-heat-value fuel in a high-temperature flue gas atmosphere to form dispersed flame and a uniformly distributed temperature field so that the roasting temperature of the high-temperature section of the belt type roasting machine reaches 1250-1380 ℃.
4. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that: the belt type roasting machine comprises a roasting section and a soaking section, and tail gas of the roasting section and the soaking section of the belt type roasting machine is pumped to an air draft drying section of the belt type roasting machine by a fan for cyclic utilization; conveying the tail gas passing through the cooling 1 section of the straight-belt type roasting machine to a preheating section of the straight-belt type roasting machine for recycling; and conveying the tail gas passing through the cooling 2 section of the straight grate roaster to the forced air drying section of the straight grate roaster for cyclic utilization.
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Citations (5)
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CN101624647A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and system thereof |
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CN218435886U (en) * | 2022-10-01 | 2023-02-03 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Device for producing pellet ore by using low-calorific-value fuel |
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2022
- 2022-10-01 CN CN202211216992.2A patent/CN115478160A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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CN212581984U (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-02-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Energy-saving emission-reducing roasting system of belt type pellet roasting machine |
CN212778604U (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-03-23 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Combustion system for roasting pellets by belt type roasting machine |
CN218435886U (en) * | 2022-10-01 | 2023-02-03 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Device for producing pellet ore by using low-calorific-value fuel |
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Title |
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张福明: "大型带式焙烧机球团技术装备设计与应用", 烧结球团, 28 February 2021 (2021-02-28), pages 66 - 75 * |
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