CN115477708B - Antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide, preparation method, identification method and application - Google Patents
Antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide, preparation method, identification method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115477708B CN115477708B CN202110598906.8A CN202110598906A CN115477708B CN 115477708 B CN115477708 B CN 115477708B CN 202110598906 A CN202110598906 A CN 202110598906A CN 115477708 B CN115477708 B CN 115477708B
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- Prior art keywords
- yeast
- bacteriostatic
- active polysaccharide
- polysaccharide
- hours
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/96—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation using ion-exchange
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
- G01N2021/3572—Preparation of samples, e.g. salt matrices
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial application, in particular to bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, a preparation method, an identification method and application. According to the invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide with the total sugar content of 65-85% and the weight average molecular weight of 90000-110000Da is obtained by extracting, separating and purifying the yeast cell wall, SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 are obtained by further structural identification, and the bacteriostatic activity evaluation is carried out on the bacteriostatic active polysaccharide, so that the bacteriostatic activity of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is improved by more than 4 times compared with that of the yeast cell wall, the bacteriostatic activity of the bacteriostatic active polysaccharide can be greatly improved when the bacteriostatic active polysaccharide is used in the field of feed addition, and the aim of replacing antibiotics is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial application, in particular to bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, a preparation method, an identification method and application.
Background
The long-term unreasonable and nonstandard use of the feed growth-promoting antibiotics causes the serious safety risks such as bacterial drug resistance, antibiotic residues of livestock and poultry products, and the like, and the research of novel products with the function of replacing the feed growth-promoting antibiotics is continuously emerging under the large background demands of industries such as 'resistance reduction, no resistance' and the like of livestock and poultry cultivation.
The polysaccharide is used as a natural macromolecular substance of a higher animal and plant cell membrane and a microbial cell wall, and is researched and found to have various bioactive functions, such as immunity, blood sugar reduction, tumor resistance, intestinal flora regulation and the like. Research into functional biopolysaccharides is also receiving extensive attention immediately following nucleic acid and protein studies. In the field of animal cultivation, along with the increasing demands of green healthy cultivation, antibiotic-free cultivation and the like, functional biological polysaccharides are also widely focused.
The yeast cell wall is taken as an important component of the yeast source biological feed, and the chemical components of the yeast cell wall are mainly mannans, glucans, proteins, a small amount of chitin, lipids and the like. The current research reports that the components of the yeast cell wall exerting main physiological effects are mainly alpha-mannans with main chains connected by alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds, branched chains connected by alpha-1, 2 or alpha-1, 3 glycosidic bonds and beta-glucans connected by beta-1, 3/1,6 glycosidic bonds. The research shows that the traditional yeast cell wall can adsorb intestinal pathogens, promote intestinal beneficial bacteria, regulate body immunity, specifically adsorb zearalenone and other physiological effects, so that the traditional yeast cell wall has been widely applied to livestock and poultry cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems: provides a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide with more stable bacteriostatic effect.
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the other one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the other one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an identification method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, and the fourth one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an application of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide in livestock and poultry cultivation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, which comprises 65-85% of total sugar and 2-5% of protein, wherein the total weight of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is 100%, and the weight average molecular weight is 90000-110000Da.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is a polysaccharide with a pyran ring structure, preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide has a three-dimensional spiral structure.
Preferably, the monosaccharide composition of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose and mannose.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-1: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109 to 0.422 to 0.469.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-2: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.090 to 0.551 to 0.349.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWNP, the monosaccharide composition of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide also comprises glucuronic acid, and the molar ratio of the monosaccharide composition is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid=0.086:0.552:0.344:0.018.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide comprises two or more of the following 3 polysaccharides: (1) SWAP-1: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109:0.422:0.469; (2) SWAP-2: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.090 to 0.551 to 0.349; (3) SWNP: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose to glucuronic acid=0.086 to 0.552 to 0.344 to 0.018.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) heat extraction: extracting yeast cell walls with hot water, and centrifuging to obtain supernatant;
(2) And (3) evaporation: evaporating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) Ethanol precipitation: adding ethanol into the concentrated solution obtained in the step (2), and performing centrifugal separation to obtain solid crude zymosan;
(4) Deproteinization: preparing the crude yeast active polysaccharide obtained in the step (3) into a solution, adding a sevag reagent for repeated deproteinization for 1-10 times, centrifugally separating and collecting filtrate, and repeating the step (3) on the filtrate to obtain deproteinized yeast active polysaccharide.
(5) And (3) separating and purifying: and (3) sequentially carrying out ion exchange chromatography and gel column chromatography on the deproteinized polysaccharide obtained in the step (4) to obtain the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the preparation method of the yeast cell wall is as follows:
A. autolysis wall breaking
Autolysis treatment is carried out on the yeast raw material, and autolysis conditions are as follows: the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 5%, the pH is 5.5, the temperature is 75 ℃, after autolysis is carried out for 25 hours, the yeast autolysate at the upper layer and the yeast cell wall milk at the lower layer are obtained by centrifugation at 5000rpm, and the yeast cell wall milk is collected for enzymolysis treatment.
B. Enzymolysis
Adding water into the yeast cell wall milk obtained in the step A, and sequentially adding mannanase (calculated by dry matter of the yeast cell wall, the same applies below), alkaline protease, papain, cellulase and beta-glucanase for enzymolysis treatment;
C. spray drying
And C, heating the solution obtained in the step B to 85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1.5h, and then carrying out spray drying treatment to obtain modified yeast cell wall powder.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the yeast raw material of the yeast cell wall in the step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or candida.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the heat extraction temperature in the step (1) is 30-50 ℃, and preferably the weight ratio of feed liquid is 1:5-15.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixed solution of ethanol and concentrated solution before centrifugal separation, preferably, the refrigerating temperature is 2-6 ℃, and more preferably, the refrigerating time is 12-24h.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide solution to the sevag reagent in the step (4) is 3-5:1. The sevag reagent is prepared by adopting chloroform and n-butanol with the volume ratio of 5:1.
The invention also provides an identification method of the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide or the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps: taking a bacteriostatic active yeast active polysaccharide sample, and respectively carrying out ion chromatography detection and infrared spectrum detection.
The invention also provides application of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide or the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method in livestock and poultry cultivation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide with the total sugar content of 65-85% and the weight average molecular weight of 90000-110000Da is obtained by extracting, separating and purifying the yeast cell wall, the polysaccharide SWNP, the polysaccharide SWAP-1 and the polysaccharide SWAP-2 are further obtained by structural identification, and the bacteriostatic activity evaluation is carried out on the polysaccharide SWNP, the polysaccharide SWAP-1 and the polysaccharide SWAP-2, so that the polysaccharide has bacteriostatic activity, and compared with the yeast cell wall, the antibacterial activity is improved by more than 4 times, and the stability of the bacteriostatic effect can be greatly improved when the polysaccharide is used in the field of feed addition, and the purpose of replacing antibiotics is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a molecular weight map of the active polysaccharide SWNP of bacteriostatic yeast
FIG. 2 is a molecular weight map of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-1
FIG. 3 is a molecular weight map of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-2
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the maximum absorption wavelength of SWNP, SWAP-1, and mixed solutions of SWAP-2 and Congo red reagent at different NaOH concentrations
FIG. 5 is an infrared spectrum of the active polysaccharide SWNP of bacteriostatic yeast
FIG. 6 is an infrared spectrum of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-1
FIG. 7 is an infrared spectrum of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-2
FIG. 8 is an ion chromatogram of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWNP
FIG. 9 is an ion chromatogram of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-1
FIG. 10 is an ion chromatogram of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-2
Detailed Description
The invention provides bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide which is extracted, separated and purified from a yeast cell wall, and compared with the yeast cell wall, the bacteriostatic activity of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is greatly improved. The invention provides a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, which comprises 65-85% of total sugar and 2-5% of protein, wherein the total weight of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is 100%, and the weight average molecular weight is 90000-110000Da. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide can be applied as a feed additive, improves the stability of bacteriostatic effect and can replace antibiotics.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is a polysaccharide having a pyran ring structure, preferably, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide has a three-dimensional helical structure.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monosaccharide composition of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose and mannose.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-1: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109 to 0.422 to 0.469.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-2: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.090 to 0.551 to 0.349.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWNP: the monosaccharide composition also comprises glucuronic acid, and the molar ratio of the monosaccharide composition is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid=0.086:0.552:0.344:0.018.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide comprises two or more of the following 3 polysaccharides: (1) SWAP-1: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109:0.422:0.469; (2) SWAP-2: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.090 to 0.551 to 0.349; (3) SWNP: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose to glucuronic acid=0.086 to 0.552 to 0.344 to 0.018.
Without being limited by theory, the bacteriostatic effect of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide provided by the invention is related to the monosaccharide composition content of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the structure of the polysaccharide and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) heat extraction: extracting yeast cell walls with hot water, and centrifuging to obtain supernatant;
(2) And (3) evaporation: evaporating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) Ethanol precipitation: adding ethanol into the concentrated solution obtained in the step (2), and performing centrifugal separation to obtain solid crude zymosan;
(4) Deproteinization: preparing the crude zymosan obtained in the step (3) into a solution, adding a sevag reagent for repeated deproteinization for 1-10 times, centrifugally separating and collecting filtrate, and repeating the step (3) on the filtrate to obtain deproteinized zymosan.
(5) And (3) separating and purifying: and (3) sequentially carrying out ion exchange chromatography and gel column chromatography on the deproteinized polysaccharide obtained in the step (4) to obtain the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
A. autolysis wall breaking
Autolysis treatment is carried out on the yeast raw material, and autolysis conditions are as follows: the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 5%, the pH is 5.5, the temperature is 75 ℃, after autolysis is carried out for 25 hours, the yeast autolysate at the upper layer and the yeast cell wall milk at the lower layer are obtained by centrifugation at 5000rpm, and the yeast cell wall milk is collected for enzymolysis treatment.
B. Enzymolysis
Adding water into the yeast cell wall milk obtained in the step A, and sequentially adding mannanase (calculated by dry matter of the yeast cell wall, the same applies below), alkaline protease, papain, cellulase and beta-glucanase for enzymolysis treatment;
C. spray drying
And C, heating the solution obtained in the step B to 85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1.5h, and then carrying out spray drying treatment to obtain modified yeast cell wall powder.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the method for producing a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the yeast material of the yeast cell wall in the step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the heat extraction temperature in the step (1) is 30-50 ℃, and preferably, the weight ratio of the feed liquid is 1:5-15.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to the above step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrated solution before the centrifugal separation, preferably, the refrigerating temperature is 2-6 ℃, and more preferably, the refrigerating time is 12-24 hours.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the method for preparing the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide, the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide solution and the sevag reagent in the step (4) is 3-5:1. The sevag reagent is prepared by adopting chloroform and n-butanol with the volume ratio of 5:1.
The invention also provides an identification method of the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide or the antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps: taking a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide sample, and respectively carrying out ion chromatography detection and infrared spectrum detection.
The invention also provides application of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide or the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method in livestock and poultry cultivation.
Strain preservation information:
the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2) adopted by the invention is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) at 8-1-2016, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2016418. This strain is described in the publication No. CN 108220175A.
The candida C1.7 (Wickerhamomyces anomalus C1.7) adopted by the invention is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) at 12 months 11 days 2017, and the preservation number is CCTCCNO: M2017782. This strain is described in the publication No. CN 110959853A.
The bacteriostatic active polysaccharide, the preparation method and the identification method thereof are specifically described by specific examples and experimental examples.
The raw materials and equipment sources used in the inventive examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 inventive and comparative examples use raw materials and equipment sources
Example 1
Preparation of Yeast cell wall
1. The saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 strain inclined plane is placed into 100mL shake flask liquid culture medium with the inoculation amount of 2 loops, shake cultivation is carried out, the rotating speed is set to 250r/min, the temperature is 30 ℃, and the cultivation is carried out for 18 hours. Wherein, the formula of the fermentation medium is as follows: molasses with a total sugar concentration of 28%, 10L; (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 ,500g;NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ,80g;MgSO 4 ,56g;ZnSO 4 ,28g;H 2 O,20L; the pH was 6.0.
2. Autolysis treatment is carried out on the primary yeast raw material, sodium chloride is added to ensure that the mass concentration of the sodium chloride is 5%, the pH is 5.5, the temperature is 75 ℃, after autolysis is carried out for 25 hours, centrifugal treatment is carried out at 5000rpm, thus obtaining an autolysate of the yeast at the upper layer and a yeast cell wall milk at the lower layer, and the yeast cell wall milk is collected for enzymolysis treatment.
3. Enzymolysis
(1) Diluting the yeast cell wall milk obtained in the step 2 into 20% concentration by adding water, adding mannanase with 0.5% mass concentration (calculated by dry matter of the yeast cell wall, the same shall apply hereinafter), controlling the temperature to 45 ℃, controlling the pH to 7.5, and controlling the hydrolysis time to 10 hours;
(2) Continuously adding alkaline protease with the mass concentration of 0.6%, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, controlling the pH value to 7.5, and controlling the hydrolysis time to 10 hours;
(3) Regulating the temperature of the solution treated in the step (2) to 58 ℃ and the pH value to 7.0, and then continuously adding papain with the mass concentration of 0.03%, and carrying out enzymolysis for 5 hours;
(4) Regulating the temperature of the solution treated in the step (2) to 85 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 1.5h to obtain an inactivated solution;
(5) The temperature of the solution after enzyme deactivation is regulated to 50 ℃ and the pH value is regulated to 4.5, and then cellulase with the mass concentration of 0.1% is added for enzymolysis for 5 hours;
(6) Adding 0.1% mass concentration of beta-glucanase into the solution treated in the step (5), and hydrolyzing for 12 hours;
(7) And (3) heating the solution obtained in the step (6) to 85 ℃ for heat preservation treatment for 1.5 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain yeast cell wall powder.
(II) preparation of bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide
1. And (3) heat extraction: accurately weighing 60g of yeast cell wall prepared in the step (I), adding 600g of deionized water, and magnetically stirring for 1h at 50 ℃ to uniformly dissolve a sample; subpackaging the sample into a 100mL centrifuge tube, centrifuging at 6000rpm for 20min, and collecting supernatant; the supernatant was concentrated by rotary evaporation and the volume of the concentrate was 60mL.
2. Ethanol precipitation: adding 4 times volume of absolute ethyl alcohol into the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1, uniformly mixing, refrigerating for 12 hours at 4 ℃, centrifuging at 4500rpm for 10min, collecting precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain crude polysaccharide.
3. Deproteinization: preparing the crude polysaccharide obtained in the step 2 into 20mg/mL, adding sevag reagent (the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide solution to the sevag reagent is 3:1), centrifuging at 10000rpm for 1 min after shaking for 0.5h on a shaking table, collecting an upper layer water layer, and repeatedly removing protein with the sevag reagent for 4 times according to the method. Pouring the collected upper water layer into a centrifuge tube, adding 4 times of absolute ethyl alcohol into the centrifuge tube, uniformly mixing, refrigerating in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 12h, centrifuging at 4500rpm for 10min, collecting precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain deproteinized polysaccharide.
4. Ion exchange chromatography: the deproteinized polysaccharide obtained in the step 3 is prepared into a solution of 20mg/mL, and the solution is applied to a DEAE cellulose chromatographic column, the volume is 5mL, the flow rate is 1 mL/min, the column is eluted with 200mL of deionized water, and then gradient elution is carried out with 200mL of 0.1 mol/L, 0.3 mol/L and 0.5 mol/L of NaC solution respectively, and a tube is collected every 10 mL. Every other tube, 100uL of the sample is tracked and detected in the eluent by using a phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method, an elution curve is drawn, two elution peaks appear, the collected solutions of the same elution peaks are combined, concentrated, dialyzed for desalting and freeze-dried, and polysaccharide SWN and polysaccharide SWA are obtained.
5. Gel column chromatography: and (3) preparing polysaccharide SWN and polysaccharide SWA obtained in the step (4) into 40mg/mL solutions respectively, loading the two polysaccharide solutions onto Sephadex G-100 chromatographic columns respectively, eluting with 200mL deionized water, and collecting 5mL of polysaccharide solutions per test tube. Sampling 100uL, tracking and detecting the content of polysaccharide in the eluent by using a phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method, drawing an elution curve, wherein a polysaccharide SWN sample shows an elution peak, a polysaccharide SWA sample shows two elution peaks, combining the collected solutions of the same elution peak, and freeze-drying to obtain bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWNP, bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-1 and bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWAP-2.
(III) determination of bacteriostatic Yeast active polysaccharide product
1. Determination of total sugar and protein content
1) Method for measuring total sugar content
The total sugar content was determined using the phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method. 0.1mg/mL of standard glucose standard solution, 0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0mL, was pipetted, respectively, and each was filled with water (deionized water) to 1mL. 0.5mL of 6% phenol solution was added to each tube, 2.5mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was rapidly added dropwise, the mixture was immediately shaken well, and 20min was allowed to stand for blank reference (deionized water 1.0 mL) to measure absorbance at 490 nm. The standard solutions of the same concentration were each repeated 3 times. Regression is performed on the glucose mass concentration (X) with the absorbance value (Y) to obtain a regression equation.
Accurately weighing 10mg of the sample, and fixing the volume in a 100mL volumetric flask to prepare 0.1mg/mL. After 1mL was taken, the procedure was followed as described above, and polysaccharide content was calculated against the standard curve, and repeated three times in parallel. Total sugar content (%) =concentration in glucose (mg/mL) ×0.9/sample concentration (mg/mL).
2) Method for measuring protein content
The protein content was determined using coomassie brilliant blue method. 0.1mg/mL of bovine serum albumin standard solution 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5mL were aspirated, respectively, and added to the test tube. The absorbance was measured at 595nm with blank reference to 1mL of each of the two-phase aqueous solutions, 5mL of a coomassie brilliant blue solution, and 5-20 min. Regression was performed on the protein mass (X) with absorbance (Y) to obtain a regression equation.
Accurately weighing 10mg of the sample, and fixing the volume in a 100mL volumetric flask to prepare 0.1mg/mL. After 1mL was taken, the procedure was followed as described above, and the protein content was calculated against a standard curve, and repeated in triplicate.
3) Measurement results
The results of the determination of total sugar content and protein content in the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 are shown in Table 2,
TABLE 2 determination of total sugar content and protein content of bacteriostatic Yeast active polysaccharide
Antibacterial yeast active polysaccharide | Total sugar (%) | Protein (%) |
SWNP | 74.04±1.35 | 2.73±0.37 |
SWAP-1 | 84.01±1.46 | 2.53±0.12 |
SWAP-2 | 67.74±1.46 | 2.35±0.15 |
2. Determination of molecular weight of active polysaccharide of bacteriostatic yeast
1) Method for measuring molecular weight of active polysaccharide of bacteriostatic yeast
Determining the molecular weight of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide by adopting High Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC);
HPGPC chromatographic conditions: chromatographic column: BRT105-104-102 series gel column (8X 300 mm); mobile phase: 0.05mol/LNaCl solution; flow rate: 0.6mL/min, column temperature: 40 ℃; sample injection amount: 20. Mu.L; a detector: differential detector RID-10A.
Drawing a standard curve: the standard solutions were prepared by weighing 5mg/mL of dextran standards (dextran standard 1152, dextran standard 5000, dextran standard 11600, dextran standard 23800, dextran standard 48600, dextran standard 80900, dextran standard 148000, dextran standard 273000, dextran standard 409800, dextran standard 667800, dextran standard 3693000) respectively, separating for 10min at 12000rpm, filtering the supernatant with a microporous filter membrane of 0.22 μm, detecting with HPGPC, and drawing standard curves.
Accurately weighing the sample, preparing the sample into a 5mg/mL solution, separating the sample from 10min at 12000rpm, taking supernatant, filtering the supernatant with a microporous filter membrane of 0.22 mu m, detecting the supernatant by HPGPC, and calculating the molecular weight of the sample according to a standard curve and the concentration.
2) Molecular weight measurement result of bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide
The molecular weight patterns of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharides SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 are shown in FIGS. 1-3, and the calculated molecular weights of SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 determination of polysaccharide molecular weight
4. Reaction with Congo Red reagent
1) Measurement method
Accurately weighing 4mg of bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide sample, adding 2mL of deionized water and 80umo L/L Congo red reagent, adding a proper amount of 1mo L/LNaOH solution to ensure that the alkali concentration in the solution is 0.0, 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5mo L/L respectively, fully mixing uniformly, standing for 5min, and then scanning in a wavelength range of 400-600nm by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to determine the maximum absorption wavelength. Congo red solution without polysaccharide sample was used as control. And the abscissa represents NaOH concentration, and the ordinate represents the maximum absorption wavelength, and a curve is drawn.
2) Measurement results
The change in maximum absorption wavelength of the mixed solution of SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 and Congo red reagent at different NaOH concentrations is shown in FIG. 4, and when the NaOH concentration is from 0 to 0.1 mol/L, the maximum absorption wavelength of the mixed solution of SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 and Congo red reagent is red shifted, which indicates that SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 have triple helix structures and can be subjected to complexation reaction with the Congo red reagent; at NaOH concentrations from 0.1 to 0.5 mol/L, the maximum absorption wavelength of the mixed solution of SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 with Congo red reagent was reduced, which indicates that at this time the triple helix structure of SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 was destroyed and no complexation reaction with Congo red reagent could occur.
Example 2
Structural analysis was performed on the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharides SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 using infrared spectroscopy and Ion Chromatography (IC).
Test method (one)
1. Infrared spectrum testing method
Grinding the dried analysis sample with KBr, tabletting, and measuring 4000-400cm with FT/IR -1 Scanning in range.
2. Test method for measuring monosaccharide composition by Ion Chromatography (IC)
IC chromatographic conditions: chromatographic column: dionex CarbopacTMPA20 (150 mm. Times.3 mm); mobile phase: AH 2 O;B:15mmol/LNaOH;C:15mmol/LNaOH&100mmol/LNaOAC; flow rate: 0.3mL/min; sample injection amount: 5. Mu.L; column temperature: 30 ℃; a detector: an electrochemical detector.
Sample pretreatment protocol: 10mg of the sample is accurately weighed and placed in an ampoule bottle, 10mL of 3mol/LTFA is added, and hydrolysis is carried out for 3 hours at 120 ℃. Accurately sucking the acid hydrolysis solution, transferring to a pipe, blowing and drying by nitrogen, adding 5mL of deionized water, mixing uniformly by vortex, sucking 100uL of deionized water, adding 900uL of deionized water, and centrifuging at 12000rpm for 5min. The supernatant was analyzed by IC.
Standard curve: 16 standard solutions of 10mg/mL monosaccharides (fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, ribose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, galactosamine hydrochloride, glucosamine hydrochloride, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, guluronic acid, mannuronic acid) were prepared, and gradient concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20mg/L were precisely prepared.
And (3) calculating results: according to the absolute quantitative method, the mass of the different monosaccharides is determined, and the molar ratio is calculated according to the molar mass of the monosaccharides.
(II) test results
1. Results of the IR spectrum analysis
The results of IR spectrum analysis for SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 are shown in FIGS. 5-7. As can be seen from FIG. 5, SWNP was at 3262cm -1 、2935cm -1 、1636cm -1 、1410cm -1 、1022cm -1 、915cm -1 、810cm -1 And 579cm -1 A stronger absorption peak is arranged at the position; as can be seen from FIG. 6, SWAP-1 was measured at 3290cm -1 、2933cm -1 、1651cm -1 、1386cm -1 、1021cm -1 、911cm -1 、811cm -1 And 588cm -1 A stronger absorption peak is arranged at the position; as can be seen from FIG. 7, SWAP-2 was measured at 3281cm -1 、2933cm -1 、1645cm -1 、1362cm -1 、1019cm -1 、915cm -1 、808cm -1 And 599cm -1 There is a strong absorption peak. 3262cm therein -1 、3290cm -1 And 3281cm -1 The absorption peak is wider, and is the stretching vibration of polysaccharide-OH, at 2935cm -1 And 2933cm -1 The absorption peak of (C-H) is C-H stretching vibration of polysaccharide at 1636cm -1 、1651cm -1 And 1645cm -1 The absorption peak of (C) is the flexural vibration of polysaccharide O-H at 1410cm -1 、1386cm -1 And 1362cm -1 The absorption peak of (C-H) is C-H angular vibration of polysaccharide, at 1126cm -1 、1128cm -1 And 1127cm -1 The absorption peak of (C) is C-O-C stretching vibration on the pyran ring, and the absorption peak is 1022cm -1 、1021cm -1 And 1019cm -1 The absorption peak of (C) is C-O-H stretching vibration on the pyran ring at 915cm -1 And 911cm -1 The absorption peak of (C) indicates the presence of a beta-glycosidic bond at 810cm -1 、811cm -1 And 808cm -1 The absorption peak of (2) indicates the presence of an alpha-glycosidic bond, 579cm -1 、588cm -1 And 599cm -1 The absorption peak of (2) is the symmetrical stretching vibration of the pyranose skeleton. Taken together, SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 are polysaccharides having a pyran ring structure, saccharides andthe saccharides are linked by an alpha-glycosidic bond and a beta-glycosidic bond.
2. Ion Chromatography (IC) assay results
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 and Table 4, the monosaccharide composition of SWNP was composed of glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 0.086:0.552:0.344:0.018; as can be seen from FIG. 9 and Table 4, SWAP-1 has a monosaccharide composition consisting of glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose and mannose in a molar ratio of 0.109:0.422:0.469; as can be seen from FIG. 10 and Table 4, SWAP-2 has a monosaccharide composition consisting of glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose and mannose in a molar ratio of 0.090:0.551:0.349.
TABLE 4 monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of bacteriostatic Yeast active polysaccharide
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Experimental example 1
MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) experiments were performed on the yeast cell walls, SWNP, SWAP-1, and SWAP-2 obtained in step (one) of example 1. The specific experimental process and experimental results are as follows:
1. test method
The MIC of the sample for the experimental strain was determined according to the macrobroth dilution method (test tube method) in CLSI M07-A9, and the specific method is as follows: taking 9 sterilized test tubes, adding 1mL of sterilized broth into each tube, adding 1mL of tested liquid medicine into the 1 st tube, uniformly mixing, taking out 1mL to the 2 nd tube, and removing 1mL from the 7 th tube by analogy. Tube 8 was not dosed and tube 9 was blank broth without bacteria as a control. For example, the sample gradient is: 200. 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.13mg/mL. And adding 1mL of diluted bacterial suspension into the 1 st to 8 th tubes, uniformly mixing, placing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 37 ℃ for incubation for 16 to 20 hours, and observing the result, wherein the minimum concentration capable of completely inhibiting bacterial growth is MIC.
2. Test results
The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) test results are shown in Table 5, and compared with the yeast cell wall before separation and purification, the antibacterial effect of SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 prepared by the invention on Escherichia coli is improved by 4 times compared with the yeast cell wall before separation and purification, the antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus is improved by 8 times compared with the yeast cell wall before separation and purification, and the antibacterial effect of SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 are improved by 4 times compared with the yeast cell wall before separation and purification.
TABLE 5 MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) test results
In conclusion, the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide with the total sugar content of 65-85% and the weight average molecular weight of 90000-110000Da is obtained by extracting, separating and purifying the yeast cell wall, the bacteriostatic activity of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide SWNP, SWAP-1 and SWAP-2 is further evaluated by structural identification, and the result shows that the bacteriostatic activity of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is improved by more than 4 times compared with that of the yeast cell wall, the stability of the bacteriostatic effect can be greatly improved when the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is used in the field of feed addition, and the purpose of replacing antibiotics is realized.
The above description is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (71)
1. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is characterized by comprising 65-85% of total sugar content and 2-5% of protein content, wherein the total weight of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is 100%, and the weight average molecular weight is 90000-110000Da; the monosaccharide composition of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide comprises glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose and mannose; or the monosaccharide composition of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid;
wherein the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-1, and the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109:0.422:0.469; or alternatively
The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWAP-2, and the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose=0.090:0.551:0.349; or alternatively
The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is SWNP, and the monosaccharide composition molar ratio of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid=0.086:0.552:0.344:0.018.
2. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide is a polysaccharide having a pyran ring structure.
3. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide has a three-dimensional helical structure.
4. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to claim 2, wherein the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide has a three-dimensional helical structure.
5. The bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide comprises two or more of the following 3 polysaccharides: (1) SWAP-1: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.109:0.422:0.469; (2) SWAP-2: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose=0.090 to 0.551 to 0.349; (3) SWNP: the monosaccharide composition molar ratio is glucosamine hydrochloride to glucose to mannose to glucuronic acid=0.086 to 0.552 to 0.344 to 0.018.
6. The method for preparing the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) And (3) heat extraction: extracting yeast cell walls with hot water, and centrifuging to obtain supernatant;
(2) And (3) evaporation: evaporating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) Ethanol precipitation: adding ethanol into the concentrated solution obtained in the step (2), and performing centrifugal separation to obtain solid crude zymosan;
(4) Deproteinization: preparing the crude zymosan obtained in the step (3) into a solution, adding a sevag reagent for repeated deproteinization for 1-10 times, centrifugally separating and collecting filtrate, and repeating the step (3) on the filtrate to obtain deproteinized zymosan;
(5) And (3) separating and purifying: and (3) sequentially carrying out ion exchange chromatography and gel column chromatography on the deproteinized polysaccharide obtained in the step (4) to obtain the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the heat extraction temperature in the step (1) is 30 to 50 DEG C
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the feed liquid weight ratio in the step (1) is 1:5-15.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the feed liquid weight ratio in the step (1) is 1:5-15.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
12. The method according to claim 8, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated solution in the ethanol precipitation in the step (3) is 1:1-10.
14. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
15. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
16. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
17. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
18. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
19. The method according to claim 11, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and the concentrate before centrifuging.
20. The method of claim 12, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and concentrate prior to centrifugation.
21. The method of claim 13, wherein the step (3) further comprises refrigerating the mixture of ethanol and concentrate prior to centrifugation.
22. The method of claim 14, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
23. The method of claim 15, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
24. The method of claim 16, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
25. The method of claim 17, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
26. The method of claim 18, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
27. The method of claim 19, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
28. The method of claim 20, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
29. The method of claim 21, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2-6 ℃.
30. The method of claim 14, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
31. The method of claim 15, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
32. The method of claim 16, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
33. The method of claim 17, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
34. The method of claim 18, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
35. The method of claim 19, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
36. The method of claim 20, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
37. The method of claim 21, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
38. The method of claim 22, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
39. The method of claim 23, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
40. The method of claim 24, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
41. The method of claim 25, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
42. The method of claim 26, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
43. The method of claim 27, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
44. The method of claim 28, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
45. The method of claim 29, wherein the refrigeration time is 12-24 hours.
46. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
47. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
48. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
49. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solid obtained by centrifugal separation.
50. The method of claim 14, wherein step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solids obtained by centrifugation.
51. The method of claim 22, wherein step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solids obtained by centrifugation.
52. The method of claim 30, wherein step (3) further comprises freeze-drying the solids obtained by centrifugation.
53. The method of claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
54. The method of claim 7, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
55. The method of claim 8, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
56. The method of claim 10, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
57. The method of claim 14, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
58. The method of claim 22, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
59. The method of claim 30, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
60. The method of claim 46, wherein the volume ratio of the crude zymosan solution to sevag reagent in step (4) is 3-5:1.
61. The process according to claim 6, wherein step (1)
The yeast raw material of the yeast cell wall is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or candida.
62. The process according to claim 7, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
63. The method according to claim 8, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall in step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
64. The method according to claim 10, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
65. The method according to claim 14, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
66. The method of claim 22, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
67. The method of claim 30, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
68. The process of claim 46, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
69. The process of claim 53, wherein the yeast material of the yeast cell wall of step (1) is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or Candida.
70. The identification method of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 69, characterized by comprising the steps of: taking a bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide sample, and respectively carrying out ion chromatography detection and infrared spectrum detection.
71. Use of the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1-5 or the bacteriostatic yeast active polysaccharide prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6-60 in livestock and poultry cultivation.
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