CN115472442B - Electrolyte-based self-defined structure energy storage device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Electrolyte-based self-defined structure energy storage device and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115472442B
CN115472442B CN202211123070.7A CN202211123070A CN115472442B CN 115472442 B CN115472442 B CN 115472442B CN 202211123070 A CN202211123070 A CN 202211123070A CN 115472442 B CN115472442 B CN 115472442B
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electrolyte
energy storage
storage device
layer
current collector
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CN115472442A (en
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周南嘉
刘东娜
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Westlake University
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Westlake University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolyte-based self-defined structure energy storage device and a preparation method thereof, wherein the energy storage device comprises an electrolyte, the electrolyte is formed by printing a photocuring material with ion conductivity through a photocuring 3D printing technology, two side surfaces of the electrolyte are provided with microscopic three-dimensional hole structures, and the shape of the electrolyte is of a three-dimensional structure with a non-planar shape; the two sides of the electrolyte are sequentially provided with an electrode layer, a current collector layer and a packaging layer. The microscopic three-dimensional hole structure in the electrolyte provided by the invention can effectively increase the interface contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode layer and reduce the interface resistance; the method for preparing the energy storage device by taking the electrolyte with the microscopic three-dimensional pore structure as the substrate and integrating the electrolyte with the electrode material, the current collector and the packaging material can not only endow the microscopic three-dimensional structure of the electrode material and the electrolyte of the energy storage device with the requirement of high performance, but also endow the energy storage device with a macroscopic certain shape to meet the requirement of special application scenes.

Description

Electrolyte-based self-defined structure energy storage device and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage devices and the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to an electrolyte-based energy storage device with a custom structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The explosive growth of portable electronics, wearable electronics, implantable medical devices, and miniature brakes/sensors has increased the need for energy storage devices. In the future, the energy storage device tends to develop towards high safety and high electrochemical performance. Traditional commercial energy storage devices mainly adopt flammable organic liquid electrolyte, which brings serious potential safety hazards to the energy storage devices. In contrast, gel electrolytes and solid state electrolytes have higher thermal stability and mechanical properties, which can impart greater safety to the energy storage device. The large interfacial resistance between the electrode material and the electrolyte is a major obstacle to the further development of gel electrolytes and solid electrolytes. Microstructural design of the electrolyte to increase the contact area between the electrode material and the electrolyte to reduce the interfacial resistance is an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of the energy storage device.
In addition, the development trend of various electric products for light weight and integration also brings new demands for energy storage devices: the energy storage device is structured to be suitable for different application scenarios. For example, a lamp holder and a lamp shade of the desk lamp are made into energy storage devices, so that the desk lamp is not only a desk lamp shell, but also is powered; for example, the wing of the airplane is made into an energy storage device, which is used for supplying power to the airplane; for example, the automobile body is used as an energy storage device, and the energy storage device is used for supplying power to the automobile at the same time. The traditional commercialized energy storage device mainly comprises three structures of a cylinder, a button type and a soft package type, and the preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: 1. coating electrode materials on a metal current collector to obtain a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively; 2. assembling the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the diaphragm layer together; 3. packaging; 4. and pouring liquid electrolyte. Firstly, such a manufacturing method greatly limits the designability and customizability of the energy storage device in terms of structure; second, this approach of preparing electrodes first and then filling liquid electrolyte is clearly unsuitable for gel electrolyte and solid electrolyte systems, because gel electrolyte and solid electrolyte cannot be conformally and completely filled between previously constructed three-dimensional complex electrodes
Therefore, in order to achieve high electrochemical performance, high safety and high structural designability of the energy storage device, a new preparation method capable of achieving both the internal microstructure designability and the overall structural designability of the energy storage device is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an electrolyte-based energy storage device with a custom structure and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme: the self-defined structure energy storage device based on the electrolyte comprises the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is formed by printing a photocuring material with ion conductivity through a photocuring 3D printing technology, the surfaces of two sides of the electrolyte are provided with microscopic three-dimensional hole structures, and the shape of the electrolyte is of a three-dimensional structure with a non-planar shape; the two sides of the electrolyte are sequentially provided with an electrode layer, a current collector layer and a packaging layer.
Preferably, the microscopic three-dimensional pore structure is a groove distributed on the two side surfaces of the electrolyte.
Preferably, when the groove on one of the side surfaces is projected onto the other side surface, the projection of the groove on the one side surface does not overlap with the groove on the other side surface.
Preferably, the photocurable material with ion conductivity comprises a photoinitiator, a light absorber, an ion conductive material system and a monomer material system.
Preferably, the photoinitiator is a compound capable of generating free radicals or cations after absorbing light with a wavelength ranging from 250 to 420nm so as to initiate polymerization, crosslinking and curing of the monomer; the light absorber is a compound capable of absorbing light with a wavelength ranging from 250 to 420 nm; the ion conductive material system comprises one or more of ionic liquid, metal salt dissolved in a solvent, polymer ion conductive material dissolved in the solvent and inorganic ion conductive material dispersed in the solvent; the monomer material system is an organic compound containing carbon-carbon double bonds or carbon-nitrogen double bonds.
A preparation method of an electrolyte-based energy storage device with a custom structure comprises the following specific steps:
1) Taking a photocuring material with ion conductivity as a printing material and printing out a designed electrolyte by means of a photocuring 3D printing technology;
2) Integrating electrode layers on both sides of the electrolyte;
3) Integrating current collector layers on two sides of the sample obtained in the step 2);
4) Integrating the encapsulation layer on the sample obtained in the step 3).
Preferably, the specific method of step 2) is as follows: preparing electrode material suspension, carrying out short-circuit prevention treatment on electrolyte, then loading the electrolyte on a clamp, immersing the electrolyte into the electrode material suspension, then lifting out, and drying;
the specific method of the step 3) is as follows: preparing a current collector suspension, immersing the sample obtained in the step 2) into the current collector suspension, then lifting out, and drying;
the specific method of the step 4) is as follows: preparing packaging material suspension, immersing the sample obtained in the step 3) into the packaging material suspension, then lifting out, and drying.
Preferably, the electrode layer is made of a material having electrochemical activity, the current collector layer is made of a metal material having electronic conductivity, a carbon material, and a conductive polymer material, and the packaging layer is made of a polymer material having good sealing property.
Preferably, the electrode material suspension component comprises active carbon black, carbon nano tubes, a dispersing agent and isopropanol, the current collector suspension component comprises silver nano wires, the dispersing agent and water, and the packaging material suspension component comprises polyurethane and N, N-dimethylformamide.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. according to the invention, the electrolyte is manufactured by using the photocuring material with ion conductivity and matching with the photocuring 3D printing technology, and other components of the energy storage device, including the electrode layer, the current collector layer and the packaging layer, are sequentially and conformally covered on the electrolyte on the basis of the electrolyte, so that the hierarchical structure construction of the energy storage device is realized. The photo-curing 3D printing technology has very high degree of freedom in constructing custom structures, and the macrostructure of the electrolyte just can give the energy storage device an outline structure with high designability and customizable. 2. In the invention, the microscopic three-dimensional pore structure on the electrolyte increases the surface area of the electrolyte layer, the interface contact between the electrolyte layer and the electrode layer is improved, the interface impedance is reduced, the active material can be more effectively utilized, the specific mass capacity is improved, and the loading capacity of the active material is more compared with that of a planar electrolyte.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an energy storage device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an electrolyte when the grooves are rectangular.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the electrolyte combined with the electrode layer.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the energy storage device when the external structure is spiral.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process for fabricating an energy storage device.
Fig. 6 is an impedance spectrum of an energy storage device based on a three-dimensional interdigitated cellular porous structure electrolyte and a planar electrolyte.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the rate capability of an energy storage device based on electrolytes of different structures.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrolyte when the grooves are triangular.
In the figure: 1. electrolyte 2, electrode layer 3, packaging layer 4, microcosmic three-dimensional pore structure 5, current collector layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as referring to "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of elements may be plural, and the term "a" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an electrolyte-based energy storage device with a custom structure comprises an electrolyte 1, wherein an electrode layer 2, a current collector layer 5 and a packaging layer 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the electrolyte 1 in sequence. The electrode layers 2 on both sides of the electrolyte 1 are made of electrochemical active materials, the current collector layers 5 on both sides of the electrode layers 2 are made of metals, polymers, carbon materials and the like with electronic conductive characteristics, and the packaging layers 3 on both sides of the current collector layers 5 are made of polymer materials with good air tightness, such as polyurethane, organic silica gel and the like.
Wherein the electrolyte 1 is printed from a photo-curable material having ion conductivity by a photo-curing 3D printing technique by which the electrolyte 1 can be conveniently printed into a desired shape. The shape of the electrolyte 1 is a three-dimensional structure that is not planar. Wherein the shape of the electrolyte 1 includes, but is not limited to, spiral, wave, tubular, egg-shaped, or a combination thereof.
Both side surfaces of the electrolyte 1 have microscopic three-dimensional pore structures 4. The microscopic three-dimensional pore structure 4 is a groove distributed on both side surfaces of the electrolyte. The grooves may be any shape including, but not limited to, rectangular, square, triangular, hexagonal, circular, or a combination thereof. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrolyte 1 when the grooves are rectangular. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an electrolyte in which grooves are triangular. When the grooves on one of the side surfaces are projected onto the other side surface, the projections of the grooves on one of the side surfaces do not overlap with the grooves on the other side surface. The microscopic three-dimensional pore structure 4 on both side surfaces causes the electrolyte 1 to assume a three-dimensional, stereo-intersecting cellular porous structure. The electrode layer 2 is bonded to both side surfaces of the electrolyte 1.
In the invention, the micro three-dimensional hole structures 4 on the two side surfaces enable the electrolyte 1 to present a three-dimensional crossed honeycomb porous structure, and under the condition of the same projection area, the three-dimensional crossed honeycomb porous structure has larger surface area relative to a smooth plane shape, so that the contact area between the electrolyte layer 1 and the electrode layer 2 is greatly increased. The increase in the contact area of the electrolyte layer 1 and the electrode layer 2 can have the following effects: 1. the combination between the electrolyte 1 and the electrode layer 2 is firmer and more stable, and the electrode layer 2 is not easy to separate from the electrolyte 1. 2. The interface contact between the electrolyte and the electrode layer is improved, and the interface impedance is reduced, see fig. 6 in particular; as can be seen from fig. 6, the three-dimensional, cross-cellular porous microstructure of the electrolyte layer 1 of the present invention has lower resistance than the planar structure. 3. Under the same electrode material load, the electrolyte layer of the three-dimensional stereo cross honeycomb porous structure has larger contact area between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer, so that the active material is more utilized, and higher mass specific capacity is displayed; wherein the mass specific capacity, namely the capacity capable of being released by the active substance per unit mass, is shown in figure 7; fig. 7 is a graph of the rate performance under different current density tests, wherein the abscissa represents the number of cycles (one cycle for each charge and discharge) and the ordinate represents the capacity, and it is apparent from fig. 7 that under the same test conditions, the electrolyte layer of the three-dimensional interdigitated cellular porous structure of the present invention has a higher capacity than the electrolyte layer of the planar structure.
In the invention, the electrolyte 1 is formed by printing a photocuring material with ion conductivity through a photocuring 3D printing technology, the electrolyte 1 is in a solid state after being printed, and the electrolyte 1 printed through the 3D printing technology has a specific shape instead of adopting a traditional liquid electrolyte. The shape of the electrolyte 1 is designed in advance only through three-dimensional software, and the required electrolyte can be conveniently obtained through a 3D printing technology after the shape is designed; after the electrolyte layer 1 is printed, the electrode layer 2, the current collector layer 5 and the packaging layer 3 are covered on the electrolyte in sequence by a dipping coating method, so that the construction of the energy storage device is realized. This integrated construction based on the electrolyte layer allows the shape and structure of the energy storage device to be determined entirely by the shape and structure of the electrolyte layer. The macroscopic shape structure of the electrolyte 1 determines the shape structure of the whole energy storage device, in the invention, the electrolyte 1 is manufactured by taking the photo-curing material with ion conductivity as a printing material and matching with a photo-curing 3D printing technology for printing, the photo-curing 3D printing technology has very high degree of freedom in constructing a custom structure, different appearance structures can be designed according to different application scenes, and the high designability and the customizable property of the appearance structure of the energy storage device are provided.
The shape of the energy storage device is determined by the shape of the electrolyte 1, and the energy storage device can be spiral (shown in figure 4), wavy, tubular, egg-shaped or a combination of the shapes, and the shape of the energy storage device can be flexibly designed according to practical application scenes.
The energy storage device of the present invention may be a supercapacitor or a battery, and the application fields include, but are not limited to, portable electronics, wearable electronics, implantable medical devices, micro-brakes, and micro-sensors fields.
The preparation method of the energy storage device comprises the following steps:
1) Taking a photocuring material with ion conductivity as a printing material and printing out a designed electrolyte by means of a photocuring 3D printing technology;
2) Integrating electrode layers on both sides of the electrolyte;
3) Integrating current collector layers on two sides of the sample obtained in the step 2);
4) Integrating the encapsulation layer on the sample obtained in the step 3).
Wherein, in the step 2), the method of integrating the electrode layers on both sides of the electrolyte comprises a dip coating method based on an electrode material suspension and a vacuum-assisted infiltration method; in step 3), the integration method of the current collector layer includes electroless plating, sputtering, evaporation, and dip coating, vacuum assisted infiltration, and spray coating methods based on a current collector material suspension; the integration method of the encapsulation layer includes a dip coating method based on an encapsulation material suspension/solution, a spray coating method, and the like.
In the invention, the electrode layer is made of electrochemical active material, the current collector layer is made of electronically conductive metal material, carbon material and conductive polymer material, and the packaging layer is made of polymer material with good sealing property.
The following describes a specific method for manufacturing the energy storage device according to the present invention, taking a dip coating method as an example.
A preparation method of an electrolyte-based energy storage device with a custom structure comprises the following specific steps:
1) Printing a designed electrolyte layer on the photocurable ionic gel precursor material through a 3D printing technology;
2) Preparing electrode material suspension, current collector suspension and packaging material suspension; the electrode material suspension comprises active carbon black, carbon nano tubes, a dispersing agent and isopropanol, the current collector suspension comprises silver nanowires, a dispersing agent and water, and the packaging material suspension comprises polyurethane and N, N-dimethylformamide;
3) Carrying out short-circuit prevention treatment on the printed electrolyte layer, loading the electrolyte layer on a clamp, immersing the electrolyte layer in electrode material suspension, lifting out, and drying; drying electrolyte material suspension attached to two layers of the electrolyte layer to form an electrode layer;
4) Immersing the sample obtained in the step 3) into a current collector suspension, then lifting out, and drying; drying the current collector suspension attached to the electrode layer to form a current collector layer;
5) Immersing the sample obtained in the step 4) into packaging material suspension, then lifting out, and drying; the encapsulation material suspension attached to the current collector layer is dried to form an encapsulation layer.
According to the preparation method of the energy storage device, the electrolyte is firstly constructed, and then other structures (namely the electrode layer, the current collector layer and the packaging layer) of the energy storage device are sequentially coated on the electrolyte, so that the high designability of the macrostructure of the energy storage device can be given.
Wherein the photo-curing material with ion conductivity comprises a photoinitiator, a photo-absorber, an ion conductive material system and a monomer material system.
The photoinitiator is a compound capable of generating free radicals or cations after absorbing light with the wavelength ranging from 250 to 420nm so as to initiate polymerization, crosslinking and curing of the monomer, and is used for initiating polymerization reaction of the monomer material. In the invention, the photoinitiator is one or more of 2, 2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone, 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide and phenyl bis (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide.
The light absorber is a compound capable of absorbing light in the wavelength range of 250 to 420 nm. In the invention, the light absorber is one or more of 2- (4, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-triazine-2-yl) -5-hexyloxy-phenol and 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol.
The ion conductive material system comprises one or more of ionic liquid, metal salt dissolved in solvent, polymer ion conductive material dissolved in solvent and inorganic ion conductive material dispersed in solvent. Wherein, the metal salt can be lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, aluminum salt or zinc salt.
The monomer material system is an organic compound containing carbon-carbon double bonds or carbon-nitrogen double bonds, and the monomer material is used for forming a polymer network structure, so that other components in the system can be fixed in the network to form a stable structure. In the invention, the monomer material system is one or more of trimethylolpropane tri (3-mercaptopropionic acid) ester, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and polyurethane acrylate.
Wherein the mass ratio of the ion conductive material system to the monomer system is not more than 75:25, the photoinitiator accounts for 1 to 5 percent of the mass of the monomer material, and the light absorber accounts for 0.3 to 2 percent of the mass of the monomer material.
The solid content of the electrode material suspension is between 12% and 18%; if the solid content of the electrode material suspension is too high, the viscosity is too high, the electrode material suspension is not beneficial to being integrated on an electrolyte layer, the material accumulation is easy to be caused, and the covering layer is uneven; if the solid content is too low, multiple applications are required to cover the electrolyte completely, resulting in low efficiency.
The solid content of the current collector suspension is between 4% and 8%; if the solid content of the current collector suspension is too high, the viscosity is too high, which is unfavorable for realizing integration on the obtained sample, and the accumulation of materials and the uneven covering layer are easily caused. If the solids content of the current collector suspension is too low, multiple applications are required to completely cover the sample, resulting in inefficiency.
The solid content of the packaging material suspension is 9% -23%; if the solid content of the encapsulating material suspension is too high, the viscosity is too high, which is unfavorable for integration on the obtained sample, and the accumulation of materials and the uneven covering layer are easily caused. If the solid content is too low, the dip coating efficiency is low.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present invention, however, any change in shape or structure of the product is within the scope of the present invention, and all the products having the same or similar technical solutions as the present application are included.

Claims (5)

1. The self-defined structure energy storage device based on the electrolyte is characterized by comprising the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is formed by printing a photocuring material with ion conductivity through a photocuring 3D printing technology, the surfaces of two sides of the electrolyte are provided with microscopic three-dimensional hole structures, and the shape of the electrolyte is of a three-dimensional structure with a non-planar shape; an electrode layer, a current collector layer and a packaging layer are sequentially arranged on two sides of the electrolyte; the microscopic three-dimensional pore structure is a groove distributed on the surfaces of two sides of the electrolyte; when the groove on one side surface is projected onto the other side surface, the projection of the groove on the one side surface does not overlap with the groove on the other side surface;
the preparation method of the self-defined structure energy storage device based on the electrolyte comprises the following specific steps:
1) Taking a photocuring material with ion conductivity as a printing material and printing out a designed electrolyte by means of a photocuring 3D printing technology;
2) Integrating electrode layers on both sides of the electrolyte; the specific method comprises the following steps: preparing electrode material suspension, carrying out short-circuit prevention treatment on electrolyte, then loading the electrolyte on a clamp, immersing the electrolyte into the electrode material suspension, then lifting out, and drying;
3) Integrating current collector layers on two sides of the sample obtained in the step 2); the specific method comprises the following steps: preparing a current collector suspension, immersing the sample obtained in the step 2) into the current collector suspension, then lifting out, and drying;
4) Integrating the packaging layer on the sample obtained in the step 3); the specific method comprises the following steps: preparing packaging material suspension, immersing the sample obtained in the step 3) into the packaging material suspension, then lifting out, and drying.
2. The electrolyte-based custom structure energy storage device of claim 1, wherein said ion-conductive photo-curable material comprises a photoinitiator, a photo-absorber, an ion-conductive material system, and a monomer material system.
3. The electrolyte-based custom structure energy storage device of claim 2, wherein the photoinitiator is a compound capable of generating free radicals or cations to initiate polymerization, cross-linking and curing of monomers after absorbing light in the wavelength range of 250-420 nm; the light absorber is a compound capable of absorbing light with a wavelength ranging from 250 to 420 nm; the ion conductive material system comprises one or more of ionic liquid, metal salt dissolved in a solvent, polymer ion conductive material dissolved in the solvent and inorganic ion conductive material dispersed in the solvent; the monomer material system is an organic compound containing carbon-carbon double bonds or carbon-nitrogen double bonds.
4. The electrolyte-based energy storage device with the custom structure according to claim 1, wherein the electrode layer is made of a material with electrochemical activity, the current collector layer is made of a metal material with electronic conductivity, a carbon material and a conductive polymer material, and the packaging layer is made of a polymer material with good sealing property.
5. The electrolyte-based custom structure energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the electrode material suspension component comprises activated carbon black, carbon nanotubes, dispersant, isopropanol, the current collector suspension component comprises silver nanowires, dispersant, water, and the encapsulating material suspension component comprises polyurethane, N-dimethylformamide.
CN202211123070.7A 2022-09-15 2022-09-15 Electrolyte-based self-defined structure energy storage device and preparation method thereof Active CN115472442B (en)

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