CN115461218A - Composite panel for a vehicle sunroof with a safety sensor for monitoring the interior space - Google Patents

Composite panel for a vehicle sunroof with a safety sensor for monitoring the interior space Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115461218A
CN115461218A CN202280001097.0A CN202280001097A CN115461218A CN 115461218 A CN115461218 A CN 115461218A CN 202280001097 A CN202280001097 A CN 202280001097A CN 115461218 A CN115461218 A CN 115461218A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sensor
panel
composite
vehicle
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202280001097.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
G·瓦加
S·博尔哈尼哈吉吉
V·拉梅什库马尔
C·波托瓦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of CN115461218A publication Critical patent/CN115461218A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

The invention relates to a composite panel (1) for use as a vehicle sunroof panel, having at least one sensor (2), which composite panel comprises at least an inner panel (3) having an inner side (III) and an outer side (IV), an outer panel (4) having an inner side (II) and an outer side (I), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) which connects the inner side (II) of the outer panel (4) and the inner side (III) of the inner panel (3) to one another, characterized in that the sensor (2) generates safety-relevant information about the state of the interior space of the vehicle and is connected to at least one warning output device, wherein the sensor (2) is positioned at the composite panel (1) at a distance from the edge of the vehicle such that the sensor protrudes beyond the outer side (IV) of the vehicle (3) into the vehicle interior space, and the sensor inner panel (2) is connected to a power source (8) via an electrical connection (7), wherein the electrical connection (7) is configured to be visually unobtrusive, and to the use of the composite panel (1) as a vehicle sunroof panel.

Description

Composite panel for a vehicle sunroof with a safety sensor for monitoring the interior space
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite panel for use as a vehicle sunroof panel, having at least one sensor which generates safety-relevant information about the state in the interior space of the vehicle.
Background
Modern vehicles are nowadays developed in view of the greatest possible efficiency and optimal passenger safety and are equipped with a large number of driver assistance systems. For example, rain sensors, daylight sensors, reflection sensors, ultrasonic sensors, optical cameras and radar sensors belong to this category. In general, they are used for traffic monitoring outside of a vehicle and can, for example, identify street nameplates or the position and speed of objects such as other traffic participants or obstacles located on a lane. Currently, optical cameras or radar systems are mainly used for this purpose.
At present, for monitoring the vehicle interior, camera systems, such as infrared camera systems, are mostly used, for example for driver monitoring, gesture recognition and for fatigue recognition. The field of view of a person, e.g. a driver, can be searched and monitored by means of a camera. The extent of the eyes (open/closed eyes) can then be separated from the recorded images and evaluated. The fatigue state can then be inferred from the frequency of eyelid closure. The optical sensor system is usually strongly dependent on the environmental impact and the brightness of the surroundings in terms of its function and data quality, for which purpose the camera system must be precisely oriented and requires free access to the detection region. In principle, the person in the interior space of the vehicle and its position can be recognized and determined by means of a camera. However, a child in a child seat that should be protected from the sun with fabric may not be identified by the covering. With an infrared camera it is possible to distinguish a person from an object in the interior of the vehicle, for example, a child in a child seat and an empty child seat.
If a child or animal is left in a locked vehicle in the sun, a critical health condition or even death can occur very quickly due to overheating.
In addition to other information about the safety of the occupant, other safety-relevant information can also be detected by the sensor, for example a dangerous displacement of a fastened or held safety belt or a loaded item.
In order to be able to achieve good sensor detection, sensors are mostly placed at a distance from the edge and as centrally as possible with respect to the interior space to be monitored. However, such a placement now results in the necessary electrical connections for supplying the sensor and/or for transmitting data to a control device or evaluation device having to be guided to the edge in a visible manner and visually conspicuous in the case of vehicle roof panels. It is therefore often provided to place the sensors close to the edges, i.e. not centrally with respect to the interior space, and to apply a black print in the region of the connection guides in order to obscure the individual lines, or to provide a large cover, which also covers the leads.
However, this leads to a less advantageous position for the sensor to be able to monitor the entire interior space and to an undesirable limitation of the see-through area of the vehicle roof panel and to a less good spatial perception of the vehicle occupants.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a composite panel for a vehicle with a good safety monitoring function and a high spatial coverage for the vehicle interior and the persons located therein, which composite panel can furthermore be produced inexpensively and simply, ensures a very good vehicle interior spatial coverage of the sensor, but at the same time makes it possible to maximize the see-through area of the sunroof panel (dachsheibe) and thus to improve the spatial perception of the occupants.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a composite panel according to claim 1 and by the use of a composite panel according to claim 12 as a vehicle sunroof panel. Further preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
The present invention therefore relates to a composite panel for use as a vehicle sunroof panel, the composite panel having at least one sensor, the composite panel comprising at least
-an inner panel having an inner side and an outer side,
-an outer plate having an inner side and an outer side,
-a thermoplastic intermediate layer interconnecting the inner side of the outer panel and the inner side of the inner panel.
According to the invention, provision is now made for the sensor to generate safety-relevant information about the state of the interior of the vehicle and to be connected to at least one warning output device. The sensor is positioned at the composite panel spaced from an edge of the composite panel such that the sensor protrudes outside of the interior panel into the vehicle interior space, and the sensor is connected to a power source via an electrical connection, wherein the electrical connection is configured to be visually unobtrusive.
The composite panel with a sensor according to the invention comprises at least one inner and outer panel, which are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer. The composite panel may be a vehicle sunroof composite panel having a three-dimensional curvature. The inner and outer panels have inner and outer sides, respectively, which extend substantially parallel to each other. The thermoplastic intermediate layer here connects the inner side of the inner panel and the inner side of the outer panel.
The thermoplastic intermediate layer comprises at least one thermoplastic film and, in an advantageous embodiment, is constructed from a single thermoplastic film. This is advantageous in terms of a simple construction and a small overall thickness of the composite glass. The thermoplastic interlayer or thermoplastic film preferably comprises at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, which have proven suitable for use in composite glass.
The thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. For example, a thermoplastic film having a standard thickness of 0.76 mm may be used.
The outer panel, inner panel and thermoplastic interlayer may be clear and colorless, but may also be colored or tinted. In a preferred embodiment, especially when the composite glass is a windshield or a vehicle sunroof, the total transmission through the composite glass is greater than 70%. The term total transmission relates to the method for checking the light transmission of motor vehicle panels as specified by ECE-R43, appendix 3,9.1.
The composite glass is preferably curved in one or more directions in space, as is common for automotive panels, with a typical radius of curvature in the range of about 10 cm to about 40 m.
The inner and/or outer plates may be thermally or chemically pre-stressed, partially pre-stressed or non-pre-stressed.
In an advantageous embodiment of the composite panel according to the invention as a sunroof panel for a motor vehicle, the outer panel is a non-prestressed panel. The outer panel may be subjected to loads such as crushed stones. If stones, especially small sharp stones, strike the glass sheet, they may penetrate the surface of the glass sheet. In the case of prestressed panels, stones may thus penetrate into the tensile stress zones in the interior of the panel, which leads to the panel breaking. The outer plates, which are not prestressed, have a wide compressive stress region and a low tensile stress in the interior and are therefore less susceptible to impacts with respect to sharp bodies. An outer panel which is not prestressed is therefore very advantageous overall in terms of the safety of the vehicle occupants.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer plate comprises soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glass is available at low cost and has proven suitable for use in the vehicle sector.
In principle, the inner plate can have every chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art. The inner plate may comprise or consist of, for example, soda lime glass or borosilicate glass.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner plate is a chemically prestressed plate. Due to the prestressing force, the inner panel can be equipped with a particular fracture stability and scratch resistance. Here, chemical prestressing is better suited for very thin glass sheets than thermal prestressing. Since the thermal prestressing is based on the temperature difference between the surface region and the core region, the thermal prestressing presupposes a minimum thickness of the glass sheet. Sufficient stress can typically be achieved with commercially available thermal pre-stressing equipment at glass thicknesses of from about 2.5 mm. At lower glass thicknesses, the normally required values of the prestress cannot generally be achieved (see, for example, ECE regulation 43). When the stress is applied chemically, the chemical composition of the glass is changed in the region of the surface by ion exchange, the ion exchange being limited to the surface region by diffusion. Thus, chemically prestressing is particularly suitable for thin plates. For chemically prestressing, the names chemical annealing, chemical hardening or chemical strengthening are also common.
As long as the chemically prestressed glass plate should be provided with recesses, the plate is first provided with the desired recesses and is prestressed thereafter. This has the following advantages: the stress distribution resulting from the prestressing process is not negatively affected by subsequent processing.
In the automotive field, not only the stability and breaking strength of composite glass but also the lowest possible weight of glazing is of great importance. In this connection, it can be ascertained that the asymmetry of the outer and inner plates in terms of their thickness advantageously has an influence on the stability of the composite panel. Here, the thickness of the outer plate is typically significantly greater than the thickness of the inner plate. This thickness asymmetry with the attendant advantages is desirable even in the case of the composite plate according to the invention with a sensor.
The composite glass can also be provided with additional functionality in that the thermoplastic interlayer has a functional insert (einlagengengengengengengengengengengengengengengengen), for example, an insert with IR absorption, UV absorption, discoloration (farbgebenden) or acoustic properties. The lining is, for example, an organic or inorganic ion, compound, aggregate, molecule, crystal, pigment or dye.
In particular when the composite panel according to the invention is used in a vehicle, for example as a wind deflector or vehicle sunroof panel, it is advantageous to perform additional functions in order to reduce the negative effects of weather influences, such as strong solar radiation or icing. For this purpose, for example, a so-called low-emissivity coating and/or a heatable coating can be applied to the inner side of the inner or outer plate. Suitable material compositions for the electrically heatable coating which also functions as a low-emissivity coating can be known, for example, from WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438.
According to the invention, the sensor generates safety-relevant information about the state in the interior space of the vehicle. The safety-relevant information about the state in the interior space of the vehicle may contain not only personal information, such as a dizziness state of the driver or an excessively high body temperature of the occupant. And the safety-relevant information can likewise, either alternatively or cumulatively, comprise non-personal information about the state of the interior space, such as the interior space temperature, the brightness and lighting conditions in the interior space, the CO2 concentration, the fastening of the seat belt on the occupied seat (angelegsein), etc.
The sensor is connected to an alarm output device either directly or indirectly, for example via a control device. Examples of alarm output devices include horns, optical and other acoustic warning signals that can be aimed both at the interior space to warn occupants, and outward to convey an alarm to the outside world, such as pedestrians or other traffic participants. Likewise, the alert output device may include a tactile warning signal, such as a steering wheel or pedal vibration, and manipulation of the driving characteristics of the vehicle, such as a safety mode in which the vehicle is stopped at the roadside.
According to the invention, the sensor is positioned in spaced relation to the edge of the composite panel. So that a significantly better coverage of the inner space can be obtained than when positioned at the edges of the composite plate. The spacing is selected in particular such that the sensors are positioned as centrally as possible relative to the covered vehicle interior in order to achieve an optimal spatial coverage and thus an optimal spatial monitoring. For this purpose and with the advantage of better space coverage and thus optimal space monitoring, the sensor is furthermore positioned at the composite panel such that it protrudes outside the inner panel into the vehicle interior space. In addition, in this way, very simple installation and simple replacement in the event of a malfunction are possible. This therefore follows from a very cost-effective and maintenance-friendly design.
Modern vehicle composite panels are three-dimensionally curved, wherein the development towards increasingly more strongly curved or to increasingly larger sized vehicle roof panels can be observed in the sense of a distinctive, visually attractive design. This, together with the aforementioned advantageous conditions for setting sensors for safety-relevant information about the state for spatial perception and for better spatial monitoring of the interior space by the sensors, leads to the spacing of the positions of the sensors from the edges of the board becoming increasingly large. However, the sensors require electrical and/or communication connections to a power source or to connections to control devices or alarm output devices, typically running at the board edges.
Due to the at least visually inconspicuous design of the electrical connection according to the invention, it is advantageously possible to significantly improve the spatial perception of the sensor-equipped sunroof panel that is obtained by the occupant and to make the component of the see-through area of the panel that is masked by the sensor very small, even if the sensor occupies a preferably central position above the interior space. A covering of the leads, which was customary hitherto for sensors arranged in the edge region of the plate and is visually disturbing, for example, by means of a black print extending as far as the plate edge, can be dispensed with.
In other words, by the term "designed to be visually inconspicuous" with respect to the electrical connection of the sensor in the sense of the present invention is meant in particular that the electrical connection from the sensor to the edge of the composite panel and/or to the power supply is at least partially, preferably completely, not equipped with a covering in the region of the composite panel. Likewise, the electrical connection of the sensor to the edge of the composite plate and/or to the power supply is at least partially, preferably not completely, masked in the region of the composite plate relative to the interior space by the black print.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the term "designed to be visually inconspicuous" is to be understood in particular as a transparent electrical connection. In this connection, an electrical connection having a transmission of greater than or equal to 20% in the visible spectral range is referred to as transparent. However, the electrical connection may also have a higher transmission, for example having a transmission of greater than or equal to 35% or greater than or equal to 50%. Since the electrical connection according to the invention has a transmission of the same size or greater than the remaining layers or the remaining regions of the composite panel, in particular in the visible spectral range, it is possible to achieve panels having a transmission in the visible spectral range which are suitable, for example, as vehicle roof panes. The plate according to the invention preferably has a total transmission of more than 35%, more than 50% or more than 70%. The term total transmission or transmission relates to the method for checking the light transmission of motor vehicle panels as specified by ECE-R43, appendix 3,9.1.
In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the composite plate is colored or dyed. The composite plate may preferably have a transmission of less than 50%, for example less than 20%, in the visible spectral range even in the electrically connected region. A plate with a transparent electrical connection according to the invention of the sensor and with a reduced transmission in the visible spectral range can thereby be realized. Such colored or tinted panels may be desirable, for example, for aesthetic or thermal reasons.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composite plate comprises at least one recess of the inner plate, and at least the electrical connection is routed to the sensor via the recess of the inner plate.
The composite panel according to the invention is a vehicle sunroof composite panel having a recess (aussaprun) in the inner panel of the composite panel, preferably produced by a laser method or by means of mechanical drilling. The recesses produced by means of laser methods can be distinguished in terms of their surface structure and precision from the openings produced by means of mechanical methods. Such recesses have a correspondingly high precision and low manufacturing tolerances, so that they are also suitable for receiving a sensor of fixed dimensions or only electrical connections, even in three-dimensionally curved panels, wherein the sensor (diese) always protrudes toward the interior of the vehicle, although it can be inserted into a recess of the inner panel. Merely guiding the connection of the electrical leads or sensors through the recesses has the following advantages: only a very small recess has to be provided and the mounting of the sensor can take place completely at the outside of the inner plate. If the recess is dimensioned such that the sensor is received in the recess together with its electrical connections, both parts are better protected and the depth of the structure into the interior space becomes smaller, so that the sensor is perceived as less visually disturbing. The recesses may be shaped not only as rectangles, circles but also as ovals or irregularities.
In a preferred embodiment, the electrical connection is made by a current path in the conductive layer, by a conductive wire, by an embossed current path or by a cable connection to a power supply.
All of the mentioned preferred embodiments of visually inconspicuous electrical connections are almost or completely transparent and therefore meet the high requirements of the automotive industry for as large a see-through area as possible of the roof pane. The term "visually unobtrusive" may also encompass "hardly noticeable by the human eye". A visually unobtrusive electrical connection does not impede or only very slightly impedes the perspective through the composite panel. Thus, the visually unobtrusive electrical connection provides the following excellent possibilities: the galvanic connection is established safely and, if desired, additionally with a communication connection to a control device or an alarm output device, without interfering with the (st) ribbon with a cover or black print, due to the spacing of the sensors from the edge of the composite panel, in many cases over a considerable distance and reducing the spatial perception of the occupant.
In order to ensure a particularly attractive design, the sensor can be supplied with current via a conductive layer on one of the plate surfaces in a preferred embodiment of the invention. No visually disturbing electrical feed-throughs in the form of cables may be required here. In the case of motor vehicle panels, electrically conductive layers have often been applied in the form of heatable layers or so-called Low-emissivity (Low-emissivity) layers, which prevent a strong warming of the interior space of the vehicle. In particular, modern conductive layers are transparent as defined above. Depending on the other purpose of use of the conductive layer, the conductive layer can be applied on the inside of the outer plate, on the inside of the inner plate or on the outside of the inner plate. Examples of layer structures are known to the person skilled in the art from WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438, which likewise possess high conductivity and infrared reflection effects. However, in addition each conductive layer is suitable for electrically contacting the sensor with an electrical connection. In this case, a current path is introduced into the conductive layer, via which current path the two voltage poles are connected to the sensor according to the invention. Methods for structuring conductive layers are well known to those skilled in the art. For example etching or laser methods, belong to this. It is particularly preferred to generate the current path in the conductive layer by means of a laser separation line.
The sensor can be brought into contact with the conductive layer, for example by means of a connecting element applied to the conductive layer. If the electrically conductive layer is located on the inner side of the inner plate or on the inner side of the outer plate, a film-like connecting element can be inserted into the layer stack in the region of the recess. At the surface directed to the conductive layer, the connecting element has two electrical contacts which are placed on respective current paths of the conductive layer. The side of the film-like connecting element surrounding the electrical contacts can be provided, for example, with an adhesive, which fixes the connecting element to the layer. The partial regions of the film-like connecting element, to which the sensors are to be attached, are likewise provided with contacts. For this purpose, the film-like connecting element preferably has a metal surface. The contact between the sensor and the film-like connecting element preferably does not occur in a firmly bonded manner (stoffschl ü ssig), i.e. in the form of a detachable connection. The sensor is preferably inserted into the recess in a force-fitting manner, wherein electrical contact of the sensor with the metal surface of the film-like connecting element takes place. Therefore, to replace the sensor, only the force-fitting connection (e.g. clip profile) has to be released.
Alternatively or cumulatively, the electrical connection may be established by electrically conductive wires. The necessary transparent or visually inconspicuous design which is also the subject of the invention can be achieved in this variant by the wires being very thin on the one hand and/or being constructed in a serpentine manner on the other hand. A known example in vehicle panel manufacture is such a wire used as a heating wire in a wind deflector. The wires typically have a thickness of about 20 μm and are practically invisible in perspective. Furthermore, a plurality of lines can be provided for the current path and/or the communication path. Since the lines are designed to be thin, so that they are virtually invisible to the occupant, a large number of lines can be used not only for electrical connections, but also for communication and data transmission, without taking up much space, so that in this way redundancy can be provided for the current lines or also for the data transmission, without further visual impairment.
Alternatively or cumulatively, an electrical connection may be established through the impressed current path to the power source. Conductive structures produced by means of embossing (Aufdruck), in particular metallic materials, are known in principle to the person skilled in the art of producing vehicle panels and are used in a wide variety of ways, for example as busbars, heating conductors, antenna structures or warning circuits. Exemplary printing methods are described in WO 2019/206592 A1 and the references mentioned therein. In the sense of the present invention, in particular, such a printing method for applying the embossed current path should be selected, which results in a comparatively small layer thickness of the electrically conductive material. Silver may be selected as a preferred conductive material that can be easily imprinted with small layer thicknesses in the micrometer range.
Alternatively or cumulatively, the electrical connection may be established by a cable connection to a power source.
Since the sensor according to the invention is arranged in the composite panel such that it projects downward into the vehicle interior space beyond the outer side of the inner panel in the installed position and in this way an optimum spatial coverage can be achieved, it is expedient in a further preferred embodiment of the invention to integrate the power supply into the composite panel above the sensor in the installed position of the composite panel. As a result, no additional installation space is required which disturbs the perspective, and, in addition, only very short current connections, for example cable connections, are required due to the spatial proximity, which can be set up in a very cost-effective and efficient manner.
In a possible and preferred embodiment, the power source is placed in the thermoplastic intermediate layer and laminated in the composite plate. Another possibility consists in bonding the power source in the corresponding recess in the composite plate by means of an adhesive. Suitable adhesives are well known to the person skilled in the art, for example from the group of polyurethane adhesives. Depending on how the recess is designed, the power supply can be bonded before or after the lamination process. If the power supply is bonded before the lamination process, the power supply is additionally also accommodated by the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The adhesion promoting layer may additionally also be used to electrically connect the power source to the sensor, wherein a conductive adhesive is used.
In a preferred embodiment, the power source disposed above the sensor in the composite panel is a photovoltaic device and/or a battery.
Since sensors typically have a more likely low power demand depending on the type, it may be sufficient to provide only a sensor face or only a slightly larger photovoltaic panel. At higher power demands, very powerful batteries, such as nickel-metal batteries or lithium batteries, are also available, whose surface expansion is likewise no greater or only slightly greater than the surface expansion of the sensor with a comparatively small thickness. A combination of both may also be provided as a power supply. Advantageously, in this embodiment, no electrical connections leading out to the board edges are required. The communication connection to the control device and/or the alarm output device can also be made visually unobtrusive, for example by means of a see-through glass fiber connection or by means of a wireless data transmission (WLAN, radio, bluetooth @, etc.) from the sensors to the processing device.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor is a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a high-frequency sensor, a light sensor, a camera or a combination thereof. The sensors are selected according to the desired safety-related information. Preferably, a plurality of safety-relevant information or information about the health of the occupant can also be detected simultaneously with the sensor.
The integration of at least one radar sensor into the composite panel according to the invention advantageously enables the provision of reliable monitoring of persons and/or animals in the vehicle interior space or in the vehicle interior space. Advantageously, the determination of the radar sensor or the radar data is possible reliably even in darkness or large solar radiation and heat. In addition, the persons and animals covered with the fabric and their movements can also be detected and monitored without problems. The radar sensor is integrated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer and is therefore encapsulated, fastened and protected from the environment by said thermoplastic intermediate layer. Advantageously, the radar signal can penetrate glass and plastic and is also insensitive to vibrations. The recorded data are then evaluated by an evaluation unit connected to the radar sensor. Radar sensors are not based on expensive camera technology but on radio wave technology for monitoring the interior space of a vehicle. The so-called "4D imaging sensor" identifies, for example, a child left in the vehicle by means of radar and records here: whether breathing is performed regularly and uniformly. This also works when the child is hidden or in the child seat. If the sensor notices that breathing is fast and may be dangerous for the life of the child, it warns the driver. If the driver does not react, it is conceivable that the system automatically places an emergency call to the rescue station or switches on the air conditioner and lowers the window. Compared to camera-assisted systems, sensor systems require fewer sensors and thus less wiring, and also do not generate images that may violate the privacy of vehicle occupants.
The camera, which is a sensor in the composite panel according to the invention, can generate a large amount of safety-relevant information about the state of the vehicle interior and the occupants. For example, the fastening (angelegstein) or holding (angelegbleben) of a safety belt, the occupancy of a seat, the dizziness or fainting of a driver, a defined control gesture of a passenger, a dangerous displacement of a load and similar information can be detected. A particular example of a camera sensor is a 3D interior space camera. A 3D interior space camera scans a passenger, continuously recording the passenger's size, seat position, pose, and look direction. Since safety systems such as airbags or belt tensioners are always based on the ideal position of the occupant, the lazy storage of the person is dangerous. If the occupant sits too diagonally, for example on a long trip, or if he slides too far forward in the seat, the system programmed for emergency (for example just an airbag) can no longer exert its full utility. In the case of a danger situation with an imminent collision, the information collected by means of the interior camera should now adjust the onboard system such that the best possible protection is ensured even in the case of a less than optimal sitting position. Furthermore, the 3D camera, for example, identifies the driver: whether both hands are held at the steering wheel, whether the driver is actively driving the vehicle, or whether his line of sight is directed at the road even with an activated assistance system. If the driver looks dangerously short for a long time, a warning may be triggered and attention may be required. Depending on the size of the vehicle, another camera also observes the second row of seats and identifies an unintentional behavior of, for example, a fellow child.
The ultrasonic sensor as a sensor in the composite panel according to the invention can detect motion and can be used, for example, as an anti-theft sensor when the vehicle is parked.
In a preferred embodiment of the composite panel according to the invention, the sensor generates a plurality of safety-relevant information about the state in the interior of the vehicle, in particular simultaneously.
As stated above, the sensor or the combination of sensors advantageously enables different safety-relevant information to be determined simultaneously or successively with respect to the state in the interior space of the vehicle. This reduces the effort for installation, but at the same time increases the information utilization.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrical connection is also used for information transmission, in particular for data transmission, and for communication with a control device or an alarm output device. Possible designs of the electrical connection provided according to the invention have already been stated above and reference is made thereto. By simultaneously using the connection also for information transmission, in particular data transmission, and for communication with the evaluation device, the control device or with the alarm output device, it is possible to avoid the need to provide an additional visually disruptive connection.
However, it is also preferred that the information transmission, in particular the data transmission, and the communication with the control device or with the alarm output device can also take place wirelessly, for example via WLAN, bluetooth or radio connections, or wired via glass fiber connections. This also avoids the necessity of visually disruptive wiring for the information transmission, wherein high data rates can be achieved in the case of glass fiber connections and at the same time transparent cable connections.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the glass fiber connection is arranged on the inside of the outer panel, on the inside of the inner panel or on the outside of the inner panel.
This enables a defined and safe procedure in the production of the composite panel according to the invention, in which the spreading of the glass fiber web along the inner side of the outer or inner panel or along the outer side of the inner panel also provides an additional good visual screening of the connection, since reflection phenomena inevitably occur via the surface of the panel and the interface with the thermoplastic intermediate layer, respectively, which reflection phenomena are not further noticeable to the observer in perspective or which reflection phenomena have been customary for a long time by the observer.
In the production of the composite panels, for example, a glass fiber web can be placed on the inner side of the respective panel before lamination with the intermediate layer, or the glass fiber web can be fixed to the respective panel side by means of an adhesive. Suitable adhesion promoters are well known to those skilled in the art, for example from the group of polyurethane adhesives.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail on the basis of the figures and examples. The figures are each schematic and not to scale. The drawings are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Wherein:
figure 1 shows a cross-section of one embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission,
figure 2 shows a cross-section of another composite plate according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission,
figure 3 shows a cross-section of another composite plate according to the invention with transparent electrical connections for power transmission,
figure 4 shows a cross-section of another composite plate according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission,
figure 5 shows a further embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention in a cross-sectional view,
figure 6 shows a further embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention in a cross-sectional view,
fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention in a cross-sectional view, an
Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of a composite plate according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the invention in a schematic cross-sectional view. The composite panel 1 with the sensor 2 according to the invention comprises at least one inner panel 3 and an outer panel 4, which are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 5. Composite panel 1 is a vehicle sunroof composite panel having a three-dimensional curvature. The inner and outer panels 3, 4 have inner sides (II, III) and outer sides (I, IV), respectively, which run substantially parallel to each other. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 here connects the inner side III of the inner panel and the inner side II of the outer panel.
The thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 comprises at least one thermoplastic film and, in an advantageous embodiment, is formed from a single thermoplastic film. This is advantageous in terms of a simple construction and a small overall thickness of the composite glass. The thermoplastic interlayer or thermoplastic film preferably comprises at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, which have proven suitable for use in composite glass.
The thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is preferably 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm. For example, a thermoplastic film having a standard thickness of 0.76 mm may be used.
The outer sheet 4, the inner sheet 3 and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 may be clear and colorless, but may also be colored or dyed. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the composite glass is greater than 70%, especially when the composite glass is a windshield. The term total transmission relates to the transmission through ECE-R43, appendix 3,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
9.1 the method defined for checking the light transmission of motor vehicle panels.
The composite pane 1 is preferably curved in one or more directions in space, as is common for automotive panels, with a typical radius of curvature in the range of about 10 cm to about 40 m.
The inner plate 3 and/or the outer plate 4 may be thermally or chemically prestressed, partially prestressed or not prestressed.
In an advantageous embodiment of the composite panel 1 according to the invention as a sunroof panel for a motor vehicle, the outer panel 4 is a non-prestressed panel. The outer panel 4 may be subjected to loads such as crushed stones. If stones, especially small sharp stones, strike the glass sheet, said stones may penetrate the surface of said glass sheet. In the case of prestressed panels, stones may thus penetrate into the tensile stress zones in the interior of the panel, which leads to the panel breaking. The outer plate 4, which is not prestressed, has a wide compressive stress zone and a small tensile stress in the interior and is thus less susceptible to impacts with respect to sharp bodies. The outer panel 4, which is not prestressed, is therefore very advantageous overall in terms of the safety of the vehicle occupants.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer pane 4 comprises soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glass is available at low cost and has proven suitable for use in the vehicle sector.
In principle, the inner plate 3 may have every chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art. The inner plate 3 may comprise or consist of, for example, soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner plate 3 is a chemically prestressed plate. Due to the prestress, the inner panel 3 can be equipped with a particular fracture stability and scratch resistance. Here, chemical prestressing is better suited for very thin glass sheets than thermal prestressing. Since the thermal prestressing is based on the temperature difference between the surface region and the core region, the thermal prestressing presupposes a minimum thickness of the glass sheet. Sufficient stress can typically be achieved with commercially available thermal pre-stressing equipment at glass thicknesses of from about 2.5 mm. At lower glass thicknesses, the normally required values of the prestress cannot generally be achieved (see, for example, ECE regulation 43). When the stress is applied chemically, the chemical composition of the glass is changed in the region of the surface by ion exchange, the ion exchange being limited to the surface region by diffusion. Thus, chemically pre-stressing is particularly suitable for thin plates. For chemically prestressing, the names chemical annealing, chemical hardening or chemical strengthening are also common.
As long as the chemically prestressed glass plate 3 should be provided with recesses, the plate 3 is first provided with the desired recesses and is prestressed thereafter. This has the following advantages: the stress distribution resulting from the prestressing process is not negatively affected by subsequent processing.
In the automotive field, not only the stability and breaking strength of composite glass but also the lowest possible weight of glazing is of great importance. In this connection, it can be ascertained that the asymmetry of the outer and inner plates in terms of their thickness advantageously has an effect on the stability of the composite panel. Here, the thickness of the outer panel 4 is typically significantly greater than the thickness of the inner panel 3. This thickness asymmetry with the attendant advantages is desirable even in the case of the composite plate 1 according to the invention with the sensor 2.
The composite glass can also be provided with additional functions in that the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 has a functional insert (einlagergengengengen), for example an optoelectronic functional element (SPD = Suspended Particle Device), which is known, for example, from EP 0876608 B1 and WO 2011033313 A1, or PDLC = Polymer Dispersed Liquid) and/or an insert having IR absorption, UV absorption, discoloration (fargbebenden) or acoustic properties. The lining is, for example, an organic or inorganic ion, compound, aggregate, molecule, crystal, pigment or dye.
In particular when the composite panel according to the invention is used in a vehicle, for example as a sunroof panel, it is advantageous to perform additional functions in order to reduce the negative effects of weather influences, such as strong solar radiation or icing. For this purpose, for example, a so-called low-emissivity coating and/or a heatable coating can be applied to the inner side of the inner or outer plate. Suitable material compositions for the electrically heatable coating which also function as a low-emissivity coating can be known, for example, from WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438.
In the illustrated embodiment of the invention according to fig. 1, a recess 6 is provided in the inner plate 3, into which recess 6 the sensor 2 is positioned.
The composite panel 1 according to the invention is a vehicle sunroof composite panel having a recess 6 in the inner panel 3 of the composite panel 1, preferably produced by laser method or by means of mechanical drilling. The recesses 6 produced by means of a laser method can be distinguished in terms of their surface structure and precision from the openings produced by means of a mechanical method. Such a recess 6 has a correspondingly high precision and low manufacturing tolerances, so that it is suitable for the fitting accurate reception of a sensor 2 of fixed dimensions even in three-dimensionally curved panels, wherein the sensor 2, although inserted into the recess of the inner panel 3, projects (diese) towards the interior of the vehicle.
The sensor 2 is a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a high frequency sensor, a light sensor, a camera or a combination thereof. According to the invention, the sensor 2 generates safety-relevant information about the state in the interior space of the vehicle. The safety-relevant information about the state in the interior space of the vehicle may contain not only personal information, such as a dizziness state of the driver or an excessively high body temperature of the occupant. But also the safety-relevant information can likewise (or alternatively or cumulatively) comprise non-personal information about the state of the interior space, such as the interior space temperature, the brightness and lighting conditions in the interior space, the CO 2 Consistency, fastening of the seat belt to the occupied seat (angelegstein), etc.
The sensor 2 is connected or connectable, either directly or indirectly, for example via a control device, to an alarm output device (not shown in this figure). Examples of alarm output devices include horns, optical and other acoustic warning signals, which can be directed either toward the interior space to warn the occupant or outwardly to convey an alarm to the outside world, such as a pedestrian or other traffic participant. Likewise, the alert output device may include a tactile warning signal, such as a steering wheel or pedal vibration, and manipulation of the driving characteristics of the vehicle, such as a safety mode in which the vehicle is stopped at the roadside.
According to the invention, the sensors 2 are positioned in a spaced manner from the edge of the composite panel 1. The spacing is selected in particular such that the sensor 2 is positioned as centrally as possible relative to the covered vehicle interior in order to achieve an optimal spatial coverage and thus an optimal spatial monitoring.
For this purpose and with the advantage of better space coverage and optimal space monitoring, the sensor 2 is furthermore positioned at the composite panel 1 such that it protrudes outside IV of the inner panel 3 into the vehicle interior space.
The protrusion of the sensor 2 into the interior space becomes visually noticeable by the cover 9. The cover 9 comprises through holes through which the sensors can emit and/or receive signals into and/or from the interior space located therebelow. The cover 9 can also be made of a material that is transparent to the sensor signal and can be implemented without through holes. The sensor is protected from mechanical influences and from dust and moisture by a cover 9.
Furthermore, the sensor 2 is protected from interfering solar radiation by a black print 10, which black print 10 is arranged on the inner face II of the outer plate 4 and corresponds in its dimensioning to the contact surface of the sensor or is selected to be slightly larger, in order to also prevent laterally incident light radiation. This ensures interference-free operation of the sensor and additionally protects the sensor against UV light degradation.
The sensor 2 is connected or connectable with a power source (not shown) via an electrical connection 7. In the embodiment shown, the electrical connections 7 are made of a visually inconspicuous material and are preferably transparent. In this connection, an electrical connection having a transmission of greater than or equal to 20% in the visible spectral range is referred to as transparent. However, the electrical connection may also have a higher transmission, for example having a transmission of greater than or equal to 35% or greater than or equal to 50%. Since the electrical connection according to the invention has a transmission in the visible spectral range of the same size or greater than the remaining layers or the remaining regions of the composite panel, it is possible to realize panels having a transmission in the visible spectral range which are suitable, for example, as vehicle roof panels. The plate according to the invention preferably has a total transmission of more than 35%, more than 50% or more than 70%. The term total transmission or transmission relates to the transmission through ECE-R43, appendix 3,
Figure 282223DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
9.1 method for testing the light transmission of a motor vehicle panel.
In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the composite plate is colored or dyed. The composite plate may preferably have a transmission of less than 50%, for example less than 20%, in the visible spectral range even in the electrically connected region. A plate with a transparent electrical connection according to the invention of the sensor and with a reduced transmission in the visible spectral range can thereby be realized. Such colored or tinted panels may be desirable, for example, for aesthetic or thermal reasons.
The electrical connection 7 is constituted, for example, by a current path in a conductive layer or by a conductive wire configured in a serpentine manner. For example, the current path may be introduced into or be formed by a very thin metal layer. The current path is preferably formed in an existing Low-E layer by laser technology. Examples of layer structures are known to the person skilled in the art from WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438, which likewise possess high conductivity and infrared reflection effects. However, in addition each conductive layer is suitable for electrically contacting the sensor with an electrical connection. In this case, a current path is introduced into the conductive layer, via which current path the two voltage poles are connected to the sensor according to the invention. Methods for structuring conductive layers are well known to those skilled in the art. For example etching or laser methods, belong to this. It is particularly preferred to generate the current path in the conductive layer by means of a laser separation line. In the embodiment shown, the current path is likewise used for communication and data transmission with the control device and/or with an alarm output device (not shown here).
Alternatively or cumulatively, the electrical connection 7 can be established by an electrically conductive wire. The necessary transparent or visually inconspicuous design which is the subject of the invention can be achieved in this variant by the wires being very thin on the one hand and/or being constructed in a serpentine manner on the other hand. A known example in vehicle panel manufacture is such a wire used as a heating wire in a wind deflector. The wire typically has a thickness of about 20 μm and is practically invisible in perspective. Furthermore, a plurality of lines can be provided for the current path and/or the communication path. Since the lines are designed to be thin, so that they are virtually invisible to the occupant, a large number of lines can be used not only for electrical connections, but also for communication and data transmission, without taking up much space, so that in this way redundancy can be provided for the current lines or also for the data transmission, without further visual impairment.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a composite plate 1 according to the invention. The general structure of the composite panel 1 with the sensor 2, the outer panel 4, the inner panel 3 and the intermediate layer 5 laminated therebetween corresponds to the structure as shown in fig. 1, so that only different implementations are discussed below. In contrast to the above-described embodiment of fig. 1, the sensor 2 is fastened at the outer side IV of the inner panel, for example by gluing. As already described above, the sensor 2 is concealed from the interior space by a cover 9. In the inner plate 3, a recess 6 is provided in the form of a through-hole in the region of the sensor 2, but in any case in the region of the inner plate 3 covered by the cover 9. Thereby, an electrical contact is guided, which electrically conductively connects the sensor 2 to the conductive connection 7. The electrically conductive connection 7 is arranged on the inner side III of the inner panel and is covered from above by the intermediate layer 5. In the region of the sensor 2, a protective black print 10 is again applied on the inner side II of the outer plate 4. Alternatively, the electrically conductive connection 7 can also be provided on the inner side II of the outer plate 4, so that contact with the sensor 2 will be guided through the intermediate layer 5 and the perforation 6.
Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a composite plate 1 according to the invention. The composite panel 1 comprises an outer panel 4 having an outer side I and an inner side II, an inner panel 3 having an outer side IV and an inner side III aligned with the vehicle interior space, and an intermediate layer 5 arranged between the two panels 3 and 4. The sensor 2 is inserted into a recess 6 of the inner panel and projects out of the recess into the vehicle interior. For protection and for better optics, the section of the sensor 2 protruding into the interior is covered by a cover 9, which cover 9 is fastened to the outer side IV of the inner plate 3. The cover 9 has an opening for the light path of the sensor 2. The sensor 2 is fastened with its upper side to the intermediate layer 5. Above the sensor 2, a power supply 8 is integrated into the middle layer. For example, the power source 8 may be a battery and/or a photovoltaic device. The sensor 2 is electrically conductively connected to a power supply 8 via a cable connection 7. Due to the spatial proximity, the cable connections can be made short, so that they are visually inconspicuous and are covered together by the cover 9 for the vehicle occupants. In this embodiment, the data transmission from the sensors 2 to the control device and/or to the alarm output device (not shown here, since they are arranged outside the composite board 1) can be carried out wirelessly, for example via a WLAN, bluetooth @ora radio connection. Unlike the previous embodiment, the conductive layer 7 is not provided.
In the area region of the sensor and its cover, a black print 10 is provided at the inner side II of the outer plate 4, which however, unlike the previous embodiment, covers only the region outside the power supply 8 arranged therebelow. In this way, sunlight can impinge on the photovoltaic device, wherein the sensor 2 arranged below the power supply 8 is still protected from solar radiation. This radiation protection is given even in the case of using a battery as the power supply 8. In this case, the black print 10 may also cover the battery.
Fig. 4 shows a further example of a composite plate 1 according to the invention in a schematic cross-sectional view, with a sensor 2 for monitoring the interior of a vehicle. In contrast to the above-described embodiment of fig. 3, the sensor 2 is not fixed in a recess of the inner panel, but rather at the outer side IV of the inner panel 3. The electrical connection 7 is configured, for example, as a cable connection or as a film conductor and is routed to a power supply 8 via the through-opening 6 of the inner plate 3.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, wherein the composite plate 1 has sensors 2 fixed at the outer side IV of the inner plate 3. Above the sensor 2, a power supply 8 is arranged in the intermediate layer 5, which power supply is electrically conductively connected to the sensor 2 via an electrical connection 7. The electrical connections 7 are led to the sensor 2 through the through holes 6 in the inner plate and connected to said sensor. In contrast to the embodiment of fig. 4, in the embodiment shown, data transmission from the sensor 2 to the control device and/or to the alarm output device is not made possible and effected wirelessly, but via a glass fiber connection 11. The glass fibre connection 11 is transparent and is guided along the inner side III of the inner panel 3 to the edge of the composite panel 1. If necessary, a greater thickness can be provided in the region of the intermediate layer 5 which does not cover the glass fiber connections 11 for horizontal equalization. In general, however, the glass fiber connections 11 are made thin, so that the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 can also be made with the usual thickness and can be laminated without recesses with the other two plates when the glass fiber connections are inserted.
Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 2, wherein the composite plate 1 has a sensor 2 fixed at the outer side IV of the inner plate 3. The electrical connections 7 are led to the sensor 2 through the through-holes 6 in the inner plate and connected to said sensor 2. In contrast to the embodiment of fig. 2, in the embodiment shown, data transmission of the sensor 2 to the control device and/or to the alarm output device is made possible and achieved not wirelessly or via the electrical connection 7, but rather via the glass fiber connection 11. In this embodiment, the power supply for supplying power to the sensor 2 can be provided in the sensor 2 itself.
Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, wherein the composite plate 1 has sensors 2 fixed in recesses 6 of the inner plate 3. The electrical connections 7 are likewise guided to the sensor 2 via recesses 6 in the inner plate 3 and are connected to said sensor 2. In contrast to the embodiment of fig. 1, in the embodiment shown, data transmission from the sensor 2 to the control device and/or to the alarm output device is possible and is effected not wirelessly or via the electrical connection 7, but rather via the glass fiber connection 11. In this embodiment, the power supply for supplying power to the sensor 2 can be provided in the sensor 2 itself.
Fig. 8 shows a further example of a composite plate 1 according to the invention in a schematic cross-sectional view, with a sensor 2 for monitoring the interior of a vehicle. The composite panel 1 comprises an outer panel 4 having an outer side I and an inner side II and an inner panel 3 having an outer side IV and an inner side III. The two plates 3 and 4 are laminated to each other with an intermediate layer 5 made of thermoplastic material. At the outer side IV of the inner plate 3, an electrical connection 7 is provided, which electrically conductively connects the sensor 2 to a control device and/or a warning device outside the composite panel 1. The sensor 2 is arranged in a downward direction toward the interior of the vehicle at the electrical connection 7 and is in electrically conductive contact with the electrical connection 7. The electrically conductive connection 7 is designed to be visually inconspicuous and is realized, for example, by a current path in a thin metal coating or a low-emissivity coating caused by metal printing, in particular by silver printing. The thin metal coating may consist of copper or silver, for example. In this embodiment, the power source may be provided outside the composite panel 1. However, the power supply may also be integrated in the sensor 2. Towards the interior space, the sensor 2 is covered in a visually pleasing manner by a cover 9, said cover 9 having a recess through which the light path of the sensor is guided. In the area of the sensor 2 and the cover 9, on the inner side II of the outer plate 4, a black print 10 is provided, which protects the sensor from the sun.
List of reference numerals
1. Composite board
2. Sensor with a sensor element
3. Inner plate
4. Outer plate
5. Intermediate layer
6. Concave part
7. Electrical connection
8. Power supply
9. Covering article
10. Black printed matter
11. And (4) connecting the glass fibers.

Claims (13)

1. A composite panel (1) for use as a vehicle sunroof panel, the composite panel having at least one sensor (2), the composite panel comprising at least
An inner panel (3) having an inner side (III) and an outer side (IV),
-an outer panel (4) having an inner side (II) and an outer side (I),
-a thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) interconnecting the inner side (II) of the outer panel (4) and the inner side (III) of the inner panel (3), characterized in that,
the sensor (2) generates safety-relevant information about the state of the interior of the vehicle and is connected to at least one warning output device, wherein the sensor (2) is positioned at the composite panel (1) at a distance from the edge of the composite panel such that it protrudes outside (IV) of the inner panel (3) into the vehicle interior, and the sensor (2) is connected to a power source (8) via an electrical connection (7), wherein the electrical connection (7) is configured to be visually inconspicuous.
2. The composite plate (1) according to claim 1, wherein the composite plate comprises at least one recess (6) of the inner plate (3), and wherein at least the electrical connection (7) is guided to the sensor (2) through the recess (6) in the inner plate (3).
3. The composite plate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical connection (7) is configured by a current path in the electrically conductive layer, by an electrically conductive wire, by an embossed current path or by a cable connection to a power source (8).
4. The composite plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical connection (7) is arranged on the inner side (II) of the outer plate, on the inner side (III) of the inner plate or on the outer side (IV) of the interior.
5. Composite panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said power source (8) is a photovoltaic device and/or a battery.
6. The composite plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the power source (8) is arranged above the sensor (2) in a mounting position of the composite plate (1).
7. The composite panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the power source (8) is arranged within the thermoplastic intermediate layer (5).
8. The composite plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (2) is a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a high frequency sensor, a light sensor, a camera or a combination thereof.
9. Composite plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said electrical connection (7) is also used for transmitting information, in particular data, and for communicating with control means or alarm output means.
10. The composite panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein a wireless connection or a glass fibre connection (11) is used for transmitting information and for the sensor (2) to communicate with a control device or with an alarm output device.
11. The composite panel according to claim 10, wherein the glass fiber connection (11) is arranged on the inside (II) of the outer panel, on the inside (III) of the inner panel or on the outside (IV) of the inner panel.
12. The composite panel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical connection (7) consists of an embossed metal layer, in particular an embossed silver layer.
13. Use of a composite panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a vehicle sunroof panel.
CN202280001097.0A 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 Composite panel for a vehicle sunroof with a safety sensor for monitoring the interior space Pending CN115461218A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21163119 2021-03-17
EP21163119.7 2021-03-17
PCT/EP2022/056071 WO2022194646A1 (en) 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 Laminated pane for a vehicle roof with safety sensor for interior monitoring

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19544127C1 (en) 1995-11-27 1997-03-20 Gimsa Jan Dr Suspended particle micro-manipulation
GB0916379D0 (en) 2009-09-18 2009-10-28 Pilkington Group Ltd Laminated glazing
CN104025704B (en) 2012-01-10 2016-10-12 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Clear glass with conductive coating
BR112014012695B1 (en) 2012-01-10 2021-01-19 Saint-Gobain Glass France transparent panel, and, method to produce the transparent panel
MA52345A (en) 2018-04-25 2021-03-03 Saint Gobain PROCESS FOR PRINTING A STRUCTURED SILVER COATING WITH AN IMPROVED MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CURRENT INTENSITY
DE202020106458U1 (en) * 2020-11-11 2020-12-02 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Radar sensor system for vehicle interior monitoring

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