CN115458896A - Millimeter wave magic T of waveguide and port - Google Patents
Millimeter wave magic T of waveguide and port Download PDFInfo
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- CN115458896A CN115458896A CN202211196810.XA CN202211196810A CN115458896A CN 115458896 A CN115458896 A CN 115458896A CN 202211196810 A CN202211196810 A CN 202211196810A CN 115458896 A CN115458896 A CN 115458896A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
- H01P5/20—Magic-T junctions
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Abstract
The invention relates to a millimeter wave magic T of a waveguide and a port. A millimeter wave magic T with a waveguide and a port comprises a rectangular waveguide and a port, two layers of dielectric substrates and three layers of metal layers. On one hand, two paths of signals which are simultaneously input from the power division ports of the two microstrip lines are transmitted to the rectangular waveguide and the ports through the coupling metal holes and the metal magnetic coupling microstrip lines and are output in a superposition mode; on the other hand, the first low-resistance microstrip line is coupled into the slot line and transmitted along the slot line, the phase difference of two paths of signals is changed by 180 degrees, the two paths of signals are overlapped in the central parallel short-circuit slot line and coupled to the second low-resistance microstrip line, and the second low-resistance microstrip line is output from the microstrip line difference port. In the existing basic theory, a magic T from a rectangular waveguide to a microstrip structure is provided by adopting a two-layer dielectric substrate and slot line structure. The novel microwave millimeter wave electromagnetic wave circuit has the advantages of being small in size, compact in structure and high in integration level, the function of transmitting three-dimensional electromagnetic energy to a two-dimensional circuit is achieved, meanwhile, the novel microwave millimeter wave electromagnetic wave circuit is easy to process, the problems that the magic T is large in size and low in integration level in the prior art can be solved, meanwhile, the waveguide port is used as a summing port, the novel microwave millimeter wave electromagnetic wave circuit has a high power characteristic, and the novel microwave millimeter wave electromagnetic wave circuit can be widely applied to various microwave millimeter wave electronic systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave electronic systems, and relates to a millimeter wave magic T with a waveguide and a port.
Background
Nowadays, the development and production of microwave millimeter wave electronic systems are rapidly developing, magic T is an important device in microwave and millimeter wave circuits, and is widely applied to microwave millimeter wave wireless communication systems, electronic countermeasure equipment, radar receiving and transmitting systems, guidance systems and the like. The performance of the system is directly influenced by the performance of the system.
With the rapid development of modern microwave millimeter wave wireless communication systems, requirements of various instruments and equipment on the size and bandwidth of devices are more and more strict, and the existing magic T is generally large in size and low in integration level and cannot meet the use requirements under the increasingly miniaturized application scenes. Therefore, the study and development of the miniaturized and highly integrated magic T have very important significance for the development of modern microwave millimeter wave electronic systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waveguide and port millimeter wave magic T, wherein a power division port and a differential port of the magic T are both microstrip transmission lines, and the magic T has the characteristics of lower cost, compact structure, simple processing, easy assembly, high integration level and easy integration with active devices, can solve the problems of larger structure size, high cost, complex processing and assembly and low integration level of the conventional magic T, and is particularly suitable for various microwave millimeter wave measurement and electronic systems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a millimeter wave magic T of a waveguide and a port, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a millimeter wave magic T with a waveguide and a port comprises a rectangular waveguide and a port, two layers of dielectric substrates and three layers of metal layers.
The first metal layer (13) comprises two first metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip lines (3). Each first-layer metal-layer magnetic coupling microstrip line (3) is connected with a short-circuit metal via hole (4) in a first-layer dielectric substrate and a coupling metal via hole (5) from the first-layer metal layer to a second-layer metal layer, and is respectively connected with a first low-resistance microstrip line (17) of the second-layer metal layer through one coupling metal via hole (5), and the two first low-resistance microstrip lines (17) are respectively connected with a first power division port (9) of the second-layer metal-layer microstrip line and a second power division port (10) of the second-layer metal-layer microstrip line.
A metalized via fence (6) in the first dielectric substrate (1) connects the first metal layer (13) around the waveguide and port (12) to the intermediate common metal layer ground (7).
And etching the middle common metal layer slot line (8) on the middle common metal layer ground (7), wherein the middle common metal layer slot line (8) is composed of two step impedance short circuit slot lines (14) which are symmetrical about a central axis and a central parallel short circuit slot line (15) which is positioned at the center. The first low-resistance microstrip line (17) of the second metal layer is over against the high-impedance short-circuit slot line (16) at the two ends of the middle common metal layer slot line (8), and the second low-resistance microstrip line (18) of the second metal layer is over against the center parallel short-circuit slot line (15) of the middle common metal layer slot line (8).
The millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port, provided by the invention, has the following working principle:
when equal-amplitude and in-phase microwave signals are fed in from the first port (9) and the second port (10) of the power division of the microstrip line of the second metal layer, on one hand, the signals are transmitted to the two coupling metal via holes (5) through the two first low-resistance microstrip lines (17), and finally, the two paths of signals are coupled to the waveguide and the port (12) through the two first metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip lines (3); because the two paths of signals coupled to the waveguide and the port (12) are equal in amplitude and same in phase, the two paths of signals are superposed and then output from the waveguide and the port (12).
When microwave signals with equal amplitude and same phase are fed in from the power division first port (9) of the microstrip line on the second metal layer and the power division second port (10) of the microstrip line on the second metal layer, on the other hand, the signals are coupled to the two high-impedance short-circuit slot lines (16) through the two first low-impedance microstrip lines (17); then the two paths of signals are transmitted to a central parallel short circuit slot line (15) in the middle of the slot line, and because the two paths of signals have equal amplitude and opposite phases, no signal exists at the central parallel short circuit slot line (15); therefore, no signal is coupled to the second low-resistance microstrip line (18) from the central parallel short-circuit slot line (15), and no signal is output from the microstrip difference port (11) of the second metal layer. At the moment, the differential port (11) of the microstrip line of the second metal layer and the waveguide and the port (12) are isolated ports.
When a microwave signal with equal amplitude and opposite phase is fed in from a first port (9) of the power division of the microstrip line with the second metal layer and a second port (10) of the power division of the microstrip line with the second metal layer, on one hand, the signal is transmitted to two coupling metal through holes (5) through two first low-resistance microstrip lines (17), and finally, two paths of signals are coupled to a waveguide and a port (12) through two first metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip lines (3); because the two signals coupled to the waveguide and the port (12) have equal amplitude and opposite phases, no signal is output from the waveguide and the port (12) after the two signals are superposed.
When microwave signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase are fed in from the power division first port (9) of the microstrip line on the second metal layer and the power division second port (10) of the microstrip line on the second metal layer, on the other hand, the signals are coupled to the two high-impedance short-circuit slot lines (16) through the two first low-impedance microstrip lines (17); and then the two paths of signals are transmitted to a central parallel short-circuit slot line (15) in the middle of the slot line, and because the two paths of signals have equal amplitude and same phase, the signal at the central parallel short-circuit slot line (15) is coupled to a second low-resistance microstrip line (18), and finally the signal is output from a differential port (11) of the metal layer microstrip line at the second layer. At the moment, the waveguide sum port (12) and the microstrip line difference port (11) of the second metal layer are isolation ports.
The invention has the advantages and obvious effects that:
the millimeter wave magic T with the waveguide and the port has the characteristics of low cost, small size, compact structure, simplicity in processing, easiness in assembly, high integration level and easiness in integration with an active device.
The millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port adopts the rectangular waveguide as the summing port, and when the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port is used as a synthesizer circuit, synthesized signals are output from the waveguide and the port, so that the millimeter wave magic T has high power characteristics.
The millimeter wave magic T with the waveguide and the port, provided by the invention, can be mainly used in various microwave millimeter wave electronic systems, and has wide application prospects in microwave millimeter wave electronic systems such as communication, radar, measurement and control, imaging and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a millimeter wave magic T of a waveguide and a port according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first metal layer of a millimeter wave magic T with waveguides and ports according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the grounding of the middle common metal layer of the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second metal layer of the millimeter wave magic T with waveguides and ports according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a return loss curve for each port of the millimeter wave magic T implementing one of the waveguides and ports in an example;
fig. 6 is a transmission characteristic curve of each port of the millimeter wave magic T implementing one kind of waveguide and port in an example;
FIG. 7 is an isolation curve of a millimeter wave magic T implementing one type of waveguide and port in an example;
fig. 8 is a phase characteristic curve of the millimeter wave magic T of one kind of waveguide and port in an implementation example;
in the drawings, the reference numbers correspond to the names:
the microstrip line power distribution structure comprises a first layer of dielectric substrate (1), a second layer of dielectric substrate (2), a first layer of metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip line (3), a short circuit metal via hole (4) in the first layer of dielectric substrate, a coupling metal via hole (5), a metalized via hole fence (6) in the first layer of dielectric substrate, a middle common metal layer ground (7), a middle common metal layer slot line (8), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power distribution first port (9), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power distribution second port (10), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line differential port (11), a waveguide and port (12), a first layer of metal layer (13), a step impedance short circuit slot line (14), a center parallel short circuit slot line (15), a high impedance short circuit slot line (16), a first low-resistance microstrip line (17) and a second low-resistance microstrip line (18).
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the problems, aspects, and advantages of the present invention are solved will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description. The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
Fig. 1 shows a millimeter wave magic T of a waveguide and a port according to the present invention. The working frequency band of the magic T is selected to be an X wave band, and the device comprises a rectangular waveguide, a port, two dielectric substrates and three metal layers.
When equal amplitude and same phase are simultaneously input from two microstrip power division ports on the second layer of dielectric substrate, on one hand, signals are transmitted to the metal magnetic coupling microstrip line of the first layer of dielectric substrate and coupled to the rectangular waveguide port through the first low-resistance microstrip line and the coupling metal via hole. At the moment, the two paths of signals have equal amplitude and same phase, and are output at the rectangular waveguide port after being superposed;
on the other hand, the same-amplitude phase-reversed phase signal is superposed and coupled to the second low-impedance microstrip line on the second metal layer, and no output exists at the differential port of the microstrip line.
When equal-amplitude reverse-phase signals are input from the two microstrip power division ports on the second layer of dielectric substrate, on one hand, the signals are transmitted to the metal magnetic coupling microstrip line of the first layer of dielectric substrate and coupled to the rectangular waveguide port through the first low-resistance microstrip line and the coupling metal via hole. At the moment, the two paths of signals are in opposite phases, and no output exists at the rectangular waveguide port after the signals are superposed;
on the other hand, the constant-amplitude reverse-phase signal is coupled to the two high-impedance short-circuit slot lines in the middle common metal layer through the first low-resistance microstrip line and transmitted to the central parallel short-circuit slot line along the slot line, and at the moment, the signal is in phase, superposed and coupled to the second low-resistance microstrip line on the second metal layer and output at the microstrip line difference port.
The matching circuit realized by the slot line enables the energy conversion circuit and the magic T functional circuit to be matched with each other.
The metalized via fence is used for preventing electromagnetic energy in the first-layer dielectric substrate from leaking.
The length of the first layer of metal magnetic coupling microstrip line and the thickness of the first layer of dielectric substrate are selected according to the working frequency. The length of the magnetically coupled microstrip line is generally selected to be one half of the working wavelength, and the thickness of the first layer dielectric substrate is selected to be one quarter of the working wavelength.
The rectangular waveguide port is set to be 1 port, the power division one port of the microstrip line of the second metal layer is set to be 2 port, the power division two port of the microstrip line of the second metal layer is set to be 3 port, and the differential port of the microstrip line of the second metal layer is set to be 4 port.
After the combination optimization, the rectangular waveguide is removed, the transverse dimension is about 33mm, the longitudinal dimension is about 10mm, the visible dimension is small, and the structure is compact.
Fig. 5 is a simulation result of return loss characteristics of the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port, and it can be seen that, in the working frequency band, S11, S22, S33, and S44 are all smaller than-20 dB, and return loss of each port is small;
fig. 6 is a simulation result of the transmission characteristics of the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port, and it can be seen that, in the working frequency band, S21, S31, S24, and S34 are all about 3dB, indicating that the transmission characteristics of the magic T are good;
fig. 7 shows the isolation simulation result of the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port, that S41 and S23 are both less than-20 dB in the working frequency band, which indicates that the magic T has good isolation performance;
as a result of phase characteristic simulation of the millimeter wave magic T of the waveguide and the port in fig. 8, it can be seen that the deg (S21) -deg (S31) is about 0 deg., and the deg (S24) -deg (S34) is about 180 deg. in the operating frequency band, which indicates that the magic T has good phase characteristics.
It can be seen that the circuit of this example realizes the magic T function and has good matching and isolation performance in the working frequency band. The isolation and return loss are better than 20dB.
Claims (5)
1. The millimeter wave magic T with the waveguide and the port is characterized by comprising a first layer of dielectric substrate (1), a second layer of dielectric substrate (2), a first layer of metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip line (3), a short circuit metal via hole (4) in the first layer of dielectric substrate, a coupling metal via hole (5), a metalized via hole fence (6) in the first layer of dielectric substrate, a middle common metal layer ground (7), a middle common metal layer slot line (8), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power division first port (9), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power division second port (10), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line difference port (11), a waveguide and port (12), a first layer of metal layer (13), a step impedance short circuit slot line (14), a center parallel short circuit slot line (15), a high impedance short circuit slot line (16), a first low-resistance microstrip line (17) and a second low-resistance microstrip line (18).
2. A waveguide and port mmwave magic T according to claim 1 characterized by that a back-to-back structure is used comprising a first layer of dielectric substrate (1) and a second layer of dielectric substrate (2), the middle sandwich being a middle common metal layer slotline (8).
3. The waveguide and port millimeter wave magic T as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a first layer metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip line (3) and a metalized via fence (6) in the first layer dielectric substrate are used on the first layer dielectric substrate (1), one end of the first layer metal layer magnetic coupling microstrip line (3) is connected to the middle common metal layer ground (7) through the short circuit metal via hole (4) in the first layer dielectric substrate, and the other end is connected to the second layer metal layer microstrip line power division first port (9) and the second layer metal layer microstrip line power division second port (10) through the coupling metal via hole (5).
4. A waveguide and port millimeter wave magic-T as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the middle common metal layer slot line (8) is etched on the middle common metal layer ground (7); the middle common metal layer slot line (8) is composed of two step impedance short-circuit slot lines (14) which are symmetrical about a central axis and a central parallel short-circuit slot line (15) which is positioned in the center.
5. The millimeter wave magic T with the waveguide and the port as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power division one port (9), a second layer of metal layer microstrip line power division two port (10) and a second layer of metal layer microstrip line difference port (11) are arranged on the second dielectric substrate (2); the power division first port (9) of the second layer metal layer microstrip line, the power division second port (10) of the second layer metal layer microstrip line and two first low-resistance microstrip lines (17), and the differential port (11) of the second layer metal layer microstrip line is connected with one second low-resistance microstrip line (18).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211196810.XA CN115458896B (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Millimeter wave magic T of waveguide and port |
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| CN202211196810.XA CN115458896B (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Millimeter wave magic T of waveguide and port |
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| CN115458896A true CN115458896A (en) | 2022-12-09 |
| CN115458896B CN115458896B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203119074U (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-08-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Three-port rectangular waveguide microstrip line converter |
| US20180358677A1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2018-12-13 | Limited Liability Company "Radio Gigabit" | Waveguide-to-microstrip transition |
| CN109088141A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | A kind of waveguide magic T structure |
| CN112467326A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 之江实验室 | Broadband rectangular waveguide-microstrip converter |
| CN113690635A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Dual-polarized single-pulse waveguide slot antenna array |
-
2022
- 2022-09-29 CN CN202211196810.XA patent/CN115458896B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203119074U (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-08-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Three-port rectangular waveguide microstrip line converter |
| US20180358677A1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2018-12-13 | Limited Liability Company "Radio Gigabit" | Waveguide-to-microstrip transition |
| CN109088141A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | A kind of waveguide magic T structure |
| CN112467326A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 之江实验室 | Broadband rectangular waveguide-microstrip converter |
| CN113690635A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Dual-polarized single-pulse waveguide slot antenna array |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| T. -M. SHEN, T. -Y. HUANG AND R. -B. WU: "《A Laminated Waveguide Magic-T in Multilayer LTCC》" * |
| 陈伟，王海彬，文瑞虎，王中洋，李红英: "《基于基片集成波导的Ku波段波导微带转换结构》" * |
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