CN115449653A - Rail aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rail aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115449653A CN115449653A CN202210961329.9A CN202210961329A CN115449653A CN 115449653 A CN115449653 A CN 115449653A CN 202210961329 A CN202210961329 A CN 202210961329A CN 115449653 A CN115449653 A CN 115449653A
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of track aluminum profile manufacturing. The preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot, and extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a semi-finished product; and cooling, straightening, stretching and aging the semi-finished product to obtain the finished aluminum profile product for the industrial laser engraving equipment. The formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows: 0.6 to 0.9 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al. By implementing the invention, the mechanical property and the dimensional accuracy of the track aluminum profile can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail aluminum profile manufacturing, in particular to a rail aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The industrial laser engraving machine belongs to high-precision equipment and is moved on a guide rail in a X, Y direction by a moving module. In order to realize high-precision laser engraving, the characteristics of high precision, high stability and high speed are required to be maintained in the moving process, and high quietness is required to be maintained, so that high performance requirements are provided for guide rails adopted by industrial laser engraving machines. The existing guide rail is mostly made of steel, so that the weight is heavy, the cost is high, and the lightweight of equipment is not facilitated. One scheme is to adopt aluminum alloy to prepare the guide rail, but the guide rail is mostly used for small laser engraving machine equipment at present, for some large-scale equipment, the section size of the guide rail is more than 200-300mm, and when the guide rail is prepared by adopting common aluminum alloy, the defects of deformation, wall deflection and the like are easily generated, so that the precision of the guide rail is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment, wherein the prepared aluminum profile is low in cost, light in weight and high in dimensional precision.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a rail aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use; the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.6 to 0.9 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slag removal, refining and standing;
(3) Homogenizing the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
(4) After homogenization treatment, extruding the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
(5) Carrying out on-line solution quenching on the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
(6) Straightening and stretching the quenched and cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
(7) And carrying out aging heat treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the track aluminum profile comprises a frame body, a sliding table arranged outside the frame body and a plurality of rib plates arranged in the frame body, wherein a plurality of cavities are formed between the rib plates and the frame body;
the proportion of the area of the cavity to the cross-sectional area of the track aluminum profile is more than or equal to 80%, and the thickness of the rib plate is more than or equal to 4.5mm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (6), two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product are placed into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and plug blocks matched with the cavities in size are placed into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
the length of the plug blocks is 50-60cm, and the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 25-30m.
As an improvement of the technical proposal, in the step (6), the stretching ratio is 0.8 to 1.5 percent.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (5), the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is cooled by atomization, and then cooled by strong wind;
wherein the atomization pressure is 0.4-0.8MPa; the strong wind pressure is 550-750kPa;
the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 25-30m, and strong wind cooling is carried out at a position 1m away from the extrusion outlet.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (4), during extrusion, the temperature of the die is 450-490 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480-520 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 3-6m/min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (3), the homogenization treatment temperature is 555-565 ℃, and the homogenization treatment time is 10-12h;
in the step (7), the temperature of the aging treatment is 185 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the aging treatment is 6 hours.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (1), the raw material formula in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.64 to 0.7 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Fe, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.09 to 0.13 percent of Mn, 0.52 to 0.56 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.07 percent of Cr, 0.001 to 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, six cavities are formed between the rib plates and the frame body;
the top of framework is equipped with two slip tables, the side of framework is equipped with a slip table.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a rail aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment, which is prepared by the preparation method.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the track aluminum profile disclosed by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6 to 0.9 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al; by reasonably regulating and controlling the formula, the mechanical property and the size precision of the aluminum profile can be effectively improved; specifically, the tensile strength of the track aluminum profile is 250-270MPa, the yield strength is 200-220MPa, the elongation is 7.5-9%, and the Vickers hardness is more than or equal to 13HW.
2. The rail aluminum profile effectively improves the straightness of the rail aluminum profile by controlling the extrusion process, the cooling process after extrusion and the stretching and straightening process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail aluminum profile for an industrial laser engraving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", and the like as used herein, whether or not specifically defined herein, are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use; the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.6 to 0.9 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al.
Wherein, in the raw material formula of the rail aluminum alloy section, si and Mg can form a strengthening phase-Mg 2 Si phase, optimizes mechanical properties, and provides a foundation for the aluminum profile to support industrial laser engraving equipment. However, when the contents of Si and Mg are too high, the dispersed phases in the profile are too high, the heat conductivity is reduced, and the industrial track accumulates more heat during rapid friction, so that the profile deforms, and the control precision is affected. For this purpose, si is controlled to be 0.6-0.9%, preferably 0.64-0.7%; mg is controlled to be 0.4-0.6%, preferably 0.52-0.56%.
Wherein, fe can form a hard and brittle alloy phase, and weakens various properties of the aluminum profile. Therefore, the content thereof is controlled to 0.35% or less, preferably 0.1 to 0.2%.
Among them, cu can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy, but it can reduce the extrusion properties. Particularly for a track aluminum profile with a large cavity ratio, excessive Cu is added, so that the thickness deviation of the extruded rib plate is large. For this reason, the Cu content is controlled to 0.1% or less, preferably 0.01 to 0.05%.
Wherein, mn can improve the impact toughness, bending property and elongation of the aluminum alloy, but when the content is higher, mg is caused 2 The decomposition of the Si phase lowers the strength. For this purpose, mn is controlled to 0.15% or less, and Mn is preferably controlled to 0.09 to 0.13%.
Wherein, ti element can play a role in refining crystal grains and improving the extrusion performance, and Cr element can improve the strength after artificial aging. But Cr also improves quenching sensitivity, and is not beneficial to the straightness of track aluminum profiles with larger length (the length of the general finished product is more than or equal to 4 m). For this purpose, cr is controlled to 0.1% or less and Ti is controlled to 0.1% or less, preferably, cr is controlled to 0.05-0.07% and Ti is controlled to 0.005-0.05%.
Wherein Zn improves the hardness of the aluminum alloy, but has little influence on other mechanical properties. In the present invention, zn is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.1%, preferably 0.001-0.05%.
Accordingly, the alloy of the present invention further contains unavoidable impurities, and the content thereof is controlled to be 0.15% or less.
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slag removal, refining and standing;
specifically, the raw materials are smelted at the temperature of 720-740 ℃, gas is introduced after smelting, and a slag removing agent is added for removing slag; then adding refining agent, refining at 730 + -5 deg.C for 20-40min, standing for 35-50min, and casting.
Specifically, the temperature of the alloy melt at the casting inlet is controlled to be 690-720 ℃ in the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 40-55mm/min, and water is cooled after casting, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 20-40 ℃.
(3) Homogenizing the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
specifically, firstly homogenizing an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot at 555-565 ℃ for 10-12h, then cooling to 200 ℃ by strong wind, and then cooling to room temperature (20-40 ℃) by water mist. The homogenization treatment can eliminate or reduce the segregation in the crystal, improve the thermal deformation and cold deformation capability of the material, improve the mechanical property of the semi-finished product and eliminate the internal stress generated by the ingot during solidification.
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum section bar semi-finished product;
specifically, the temperature of the die is 450-490 ℃ during extrusion. It should be noted that, because the heat transfer exists between the die and the die pad and between the die sleeve, the temperature of the die will decrease during the extrusion process. When the temperature of the die is lower than 450 ℃, the temperature of the die is reduced too much in the extrusion process, so that internal stress is generated in the extrusion process, and the straightness of the track aluminum section is reduced.
Specifically, during extrusion, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480-520 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is higher, so that the temperature is higher than the common temperature. Specifically, the extrusion speed is 3-6m/min, and the tail shrinkage can be effectively reduced by controlling the extrusion speed as the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product reaches 25-30m.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, when the cross-sectional area of the track aluminum profile (the cross-sectional area of the aluminum profile body, excluding the cavity) > 10000mm 2 In the process, a large-tonnage extruder (more than or equal to 7000 t) is needed, and at the moment, in order to optimize the straightness of the track aluminum profile and reduce the tail-shrinking amount, the extrusion speed can be controlled in a segmented manner, for example, when the length of a semi-finished track aluminum profile is 0-3m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 3.5-4m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 3-8m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 4.5-5.2m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 8-20m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 5-6m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 20-24m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 4.5-5.2m/min, and when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 24-30m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 3.8-4m/min.
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
specifically, the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is subjected to online cooling quenching treatment at an extrusion outlet, and the online cooling can be one or a combination of strong air cooling, water mist cooling and water cooling.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rail aluminum profile semi-finished product is cooled by atomization, and then cooled by strong wind; specifically, the atomization pressure is 0.4-0.8MPa; the strong wind pressure is 550-750kPa. It should be noted that the track aluminum profile in the invention has a large cross section, a long length, a high cavity occupancy (not less than 80%), and a large difference between the thickness of the sliding table and the thickness of the frame body and the thickness of the rib plate (the thickness of the sliding table is generally 15-35 mm, and the thickness of the rib plate and the frame body is 4.5-6.5 mm). Therefore, defects such as distortion, depression and the like are easily generated in the cooling process, and the straightness of the track aluminum section is reduced. Therefore, two-section cooling is adopted, atomization cooling with high cooling rate is adopted at the front section (5-10 m of an extrusion outlet), and strong wind cooling is adopted at the rear section, so that the straightness of the track aluminum profile in the length direction is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the verticality of a certain section is ensured to be high. In addition, the strength is also improved by the rapid cooling process of the front section. Illustratively, in one embodiment of the invention, water mist cooling is used within 1m of the extrusion outlet, and after exceeding 1m, forced air cooling is used.
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
the straightening and stretching can play a role in improving mechanical properties, and meanwhile, the deformation amount is reduced, and the size accuracy is improved. Wherein the stretching ratio is 0.8-1.5%.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the invention, two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product are placed in a clamp for straightening and stretching, and a plug block matched with the size of a cavity is placed in the cavity close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product; the plugging length of the chock is 50-60cm, and the traction force of the clamp can be uniformly distributed on the frame body, the rib plate and the sliding table through plugging of the chock, so that the straightening and stretching function is achieved to improve the straightness.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment. (ii) a
Wherein the temperature of the aging treatment is 180-190 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 5-10h. Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 185 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the aging treatment is 6h.
In conclusion, the track aluminum profile with the tensile strength of 250-270MPa, the yield strength of 200-220MPa, the elongation of 7.5-9 percent and the Vickers hardness of more than or equal to 13HW can be obtained by comprehensively adjusting the formula and the process.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a track aluminum profile for laser engraving equipment, which is prepared by the preparation method. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the track aluminum profile includes a frame 1, a sliding table 2 disposed outside the frame 1, and a plurality of rib plates 3 disposed inside the frame 1, wherein a plurality of cavities 4 are formed between the rib plates and the frame 1. Specifically, through the setting of gusset 3 and cavity 4, one has effectively realized the holistic lightweight of track aluminium alloy, and the two has guaranteed that the track aluminium alloy has higher mechanical strength to effectively support the laser engraving machine. Preferably, in one embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the area of the cavity 4 to the cross-sectional area (including the cavity area) of the track aluminum profile is greater than or equal to 80%, and preferably 82-90%. The thickness of the rib plate 3 is larger than or equal to 4.5mm, and when the thickness of the rib plate is smaller than 4.5mm, the rib plate has poor supporting effect on the frame body 1, so that the track aluminum profile is difficult to bear the weight of the laser engraving machine. Preferably, the thickness of the rib plate 3 is 5-6.5mm, more preferably 6-6.2mm. It should be noted that, based on the above structure, the cavity 4 occupies a relatively large area, and although the weight of the rail aluminum profile is low, the processing difficulty is greatly improved.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, six cavities 4 are formed between the frame body 1 and the rib plate 3, two sliding tables 2 are arranged at the top of the frame body 1, and one sliding table 2 is arranged at the side surface of the frame body 1. Because the sliding table 2 is of a solid structure and the thickness of the sliding table is larger than that of the frame body 1 and the rib plate 3, the shape and position size changes of the frame body 1 and the rib plate 3 are different from those of the sliding table 2 in the machining process, so that the section is easy to generate a curve with high torsion resistance and low linearity.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, the length of the finished track aluminum profile is 4-8m, but the length of the semi-finished track aluminum profile obtained by extrusion is 25-30m.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a track aluminum profile of industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use;
the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.83% of Si, 0.31% of Fe, 0.03% of Cu, 0.15% of Mn, 0.45% of Mg, 0.06% of Cr, 0.08% of Ti, 0.08% of Zn, 0.12% of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slagging, refining and standing;
wherein the smelting temperature is 735 ℃, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the refining time is 35min, and the standing time is 50min.
(3) Homogenizing an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the time is 10h; after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature by strong wind;
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum section bar semi-finished product;
wherein the temperature of the die is 460 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 3m/min; the length of the semi-finished product is 26m;
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the cooling is carried out by strong wind, and the wind pressure is 750kPa;
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product are placed into a clamp for straightening and stretching without plugging blocks, and the stretching ratio is 1.8 percent.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
Wherein the aging treatment temperature is 180 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 9h.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a track aluminum profile of industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use;
the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.83% of Si, 0.31% of Fe, 0.03% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.45% of Mg, 0.06% of Cr, 0.08% of Ti, 0.08% of Zn, 0.12% of other impurities in total and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slagging, refining and standing;
wherein the smelting temperature is 735 ℃, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the refining time is 35min, and the standing time is 50min.
(3) Homogenizing an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the time is 10h; after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature by strong wind;
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein the temperature of the die is 460 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 3m/min; the length of the semi-finished product is 26m;
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the cooling is carried out by strong wind, and the wind pressure is 750kPa;
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
placing two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and placing plug blocks matched with the size of the cavity into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product; the plugging length of the plug was 55cm, and the elongation by plugging of the plug was 1.8%.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
Wherein the aging treatment temperature is 180 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 9h.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a track aluminum profile of industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use;
the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.68% of Si, 0.11% of Fe, 0.035% of Cu, 0.105% of Mn, 0.55% of Mg, 0.05% of Cr, 0.032% of Ti, 0.018% of Zn, 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slag removal, refining and standing;
wherein the smelting temperature is 735 ℃, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the refining time is 35min, and the standing time is 50min.
(3) Homogenizing an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the time is 10h; after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature by strong wind;
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein the temperature of the die is 460 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 3m/min; the length of the semi-finished product is 28m;
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the cooling is carried out by strong wind, and the wind pressure is 750kPa;
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
placing two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and placing plug blocks matched with the size of the cavity into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product; the plugging length of the chock is 55cm, and the elongation is 1.8% through plugging of the chock.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
Wherein the aging treatment temperature is 180 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 9h.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a track aluminum profile of industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to the proportion for later use;
the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.68% of Si, 0.11% of Fe, 0.035% of Cu, 0.105% of Mn, 0.55% of Mg, 0.05% of Cr, 0.032% of Ti, 0.018% of Zn, 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slagging, refining and standing;
wherein the smelting temperature is 735 ℃, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the refining time is 35min, and the standing time is 50min.
(3) Homogenizing an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the time is 10h; cooling to 200 ℃ by strong wind, and then cooling to 30 ℃ by water mist.
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein the temperature of the die is 470 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 500 ℃; specifically, the extrusion speed is 3-5.5m/min, and the length of the semi-finished product is 30m.
Specifically, when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 0-2m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 3m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 2-6m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 4m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 6-24m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 5.5m/min; and when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 24-29m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 4m/min, and when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 29-30m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 3m/min.
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the semi-finished product of the track aluminum profile is atomized and cooled (the outlet is 0-1 m), and then cooled by strong wind; specifically, the atomization pressure is 0.65MPa, and the strong wind pressure is 700kPa.
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
placing two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and placing plug blocks matched with the size of the cavity into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product; the plugging length of the plug was 55cm, and the elongation by plugging of the plug was 1.1%.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
Wherein the aging treatment temperature is 185 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 9h.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a track aluminum profile of industrial laser engraving equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to a proportion for later use;
0.15% of Si, 0.35% of Fe, 0.12% of Cu, 0.3% of Mn, 0.4% of Mg, 0.1% of Cr, 0.25% of Zn, 0.1% of Ti, 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of aluminum;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slagging, refining and standing;
wherein the smelting temperature is 735 ℃, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the refining time is 35min, and the standing time is 50min.
(3) Homogenizing the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the time is 12h; cooling to 200 ℃ by strong wind, and then cooling to 30 ℃ by water mist.
(4) Extruding the homogenized aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot to obtain a track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein the temperature of the die is 470 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 500 ℃; specifically, the extrusion speed is 3-5.5m/min, and the length of the semi-finished product is 30m.
Specifically, when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 0-2m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 3m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 2-6m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 4m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 6-24m, controlling the extrusion speed to be 5.5m/min; when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 24-29m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 4m/min, and when the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 29-30m, the extrusion speed is controlled to be 3m/min.
(5) Cooling the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
wherein, the semi-finished product of the track aluminum profile is atomized and cooled (the outlet is 0-1 m), and then cooled by strong wind; specifically, the atomization pressure is 0.65MPa, and the strong wind pressure is 700kPa.
(6) Straightening and stretching the cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
placing two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and placing plug blocks matched with the size of the cavity into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product; the plugging length of the chock is 55cm, and the elongation is 1.1% by plugging the chock.
(7) And carrying out aging treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
It should be noted that the track aluminum profiles in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 have the same structure, and the specific structure can be seen in fig. 1. Wherein the sectional area of the aluminum profile is 13767.76mm 2 The proportion of the area of the cavity to the cross-sectional area (including the area of the cavity) of the track aluminum profile is 81.7 percent, the thickness of the rib plate and the frame body is 6mm, and the thickness of the sliding table is 18mm.
The aluminum profiles obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were tested; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Measuring the mechanical property according to the method of GB/T6892-2015;
(2) The straightness (twisting degree) of the plane is measured, specifically, the straightness of the plane opposite to the two sliding tables is measured, and the specific measurement method refers to GB/T14846-2014;
(3) And (3) measuring the plane gap of the surface where one sliding table is located, specifically, placing a larger plane of the side surface where one sliding table is located on the platform, and measuring according to the method of GB/T14846-2014.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing various raw materials according to the proportion for later use; the formula of the raw materials in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.6 to 0.9 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other impurities in total, and the balance of Al;
(2) Smelting the raw materials, and casting the raw materials into an aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after slagging, refining and standing;
(3) Homogenizing the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot;
(4) Extruding the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot after homogenization treatment to obtain a track aluminum section semi-finished product;
(5) Carrying out on-line solution quenching on the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
(6) Straightening and stretching the quenched and cooled track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
(7) And carrying out aging heat treatment on the straightened and stretched track aluminum profile semi-finished product to obtain a track aluminum profile finished product for industrial laser engraving equipment.
2. The preparation method of the track aluminum profile for the industrial laser engraving equipment according to claim 1, wherein the track aluminum profile comprises a frame body, a sliding table arranged outside the frame body and a plurality of rib plates arranged in the frame body, and a plurality of cavities are formed between the rib plates and the frame body;
the proportion of the area of the cavity to the cross-sectional area of the track aluminum profile is more than or equal to 80%, and the thickness of the rib plate is more than or equal to 4.5mm.
3. The preparation method of the track aluminum profile for the industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (6), the two ends of the aged track aluminum profile semi-finished product are placed into a clamp for straightening and stretching, and the plugs with the sizes matched with the cavities are placed into the cavities close to the two ends of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product;
the length of the plug blocks is 50-60cm, and the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 25-30m.
4. The method for preparing a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the stretching ratio is 0.8-1.5%.
5. The preparation method of the track aluminum profile for the industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the semi-finished track aluminum profile is cooled by atomization and then cooled by strong wind;
wherein the atomization pressure is 0.4-0.8MPa; the strong wind pressure is 550-750kPa;
the length of the track aluminum profile semi-finished product is 25-30m, and strong wind cooling is carried out at a position 1m away from the extrusion outlet.
6. The method for preparing a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the temperature of the die is 450-490 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cylindrical ingot is 480-520 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 3-6m/min during extrusion.
7. The method for preparing a track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the homogenization treatment temperature is 555-565 ℃, and the homogenization treatment time is 10-12h;
in the step (7), the temperature of the aging treatment is 185 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the aging treatment is 6 hours.
8. The method for preparing the rail aluminum profile for the industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the raw material formula in percentage by weight is as follows:
0.64 to 0.7 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Fe, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.09 to 0.13 percent of Mn, 0.52 to 0.56 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.07 percent of Cr, 0.001 to 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum.
9. The preparation method of the track aluminum profile for the industrial laser engraving equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein six cavities are formed between the rib plate and the frame body;
the top of framework is equipped with two slip tables, the side of framework is equipped with a slip table.
10. A track aluminum profile for industrial laser engraving equipment, which is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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