CN115446440A - Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal - Google Patents
Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115446440A CN115446440A CN202211189185.6A CN202211189185A CN115446440A CN 115446440 A CN115446440 A CN 115446440A CN 202211189185 A CN202211189185 A CN 202211189185A CN 115446440 A CN115446440 A CN 115446440A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- electron beam
- titanium
- copper
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu] IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for dissimilar metals of titanium alloy and oxygen-free copper, in particular to a double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for Ti6Al4V and TU2 oxygen-free copper by adopting Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy as an intermediate layer. The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, carrying out pre-welding pretreatment on a welding piece; secondly, adjusting the welding parameters of the electron beam and completing the tooling of the material; and finally, performing double-beam electron beam welding on two sides of the titanium copper, and performing heat treatment by adopting stress relief annealing after welding. The welding method of the invention adopts Ni-based alloy as the intermediate layer to reduce the mutual diffusion between parent metal atoms on two sides and avoid forming brittle intermetallic compounds, and uses a double-beam electron beam welding mode to weld, thereby realizing the reconstruction of a welding temperature field, destroying the growth of the original intermetallic compounds, improving the phase composition at a welding interface, finally carrying out postweld heat treatment to eliminate the postweld residual stress, and achieving the effect of optimizing the mechanical property of a welding joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dissimilar metal welding with large difference of physical and chemical properties, in particular to a double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal.
Background
With the development of scientific technology and the intensive research on material science, the requirements of the industrial field on the quality and functionality of manufactured parts are higher and higher, the workpiece made of a single material cannot meet the requirements of multifunctionalization, multilevel, high quality and low cost required by the industrial manufacturing field at present, the part formed by connecting two materials with different properties can perfectly combine the mechanical properties and the physical properties of the two materials to achieve the effect of mutual assistance and complementation, and the important application in many fields can be played, so that the method for stably connecting different materials is widely concerned, and the welding is a simple, effective and low-cost mode. The welding process and method for the dissimilar metals which are required to be better become an important research project.
Titanium and its alloy are more traditional welding structure materials as rare metals, but because of their low density, high strength and other excellent properties, they still occupy important application positions in the fields of aerospace, automobile structure weight reduction, ship manufacturing and the like. Copper and its alloys, which have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, ductility and corrosion resistance, have been used in various fields in industrial manufacturing as one of the metals that have been first discovered and used by humans. The titanium-copper composite structure can not only keep the characteristics of high strength and high toughness of titanium, but also give consideration to the excellent physical properties of copper, can be applied to connecting parts with higher performance requirements, and has wide application in the fields of aerospace, ships, vehicle manufacturing and the like.
Because copper and titanium have obvious physical and chemical property difference, the intersolubility is small, and the copper and the titanium are very easy to contact with air to react at high temperature, two elements diffuse mutually and chemically react in a welding seam intermediate layer to form TixCuy type brittle intermetallic compounds during welding, the intermetallic compounds are easily doped between crystal boundaries in a needle-shaped form, or an IMCs layer is formed to influence the mechanical strength and the service life of the welding seam, and particularly, the fatigue strength is greatly damaged; meanwhile, the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the two metals is large, and the deformation degrees of the two metals in the welding process are different, so that the welding joint with good mechanical property is difficult to form, and the realization of high-quality welding of titanium and copper is difficult.
And the intermediate layer is added for welding, so that a compound or a ternary alloy with low hardness and high toughness can be generated, the generation of TixCuy type brittle intermetallic compounds is reduced or inhibited, and on the other hand, the interdiffusion among titanium and copper atoms can be effectively prevented, the titanium and copper atoms are prevented from carrying out eutectic peritectic phase-change reaction and the like on the interface layer, the generation of the brittle intermetallic compounds is reduced, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the welded joint is effectively improved. The amorphous Ni-based alloy and Cu/Ti do not generate intermetallic compounds, and only low-melting-point eutectic reaction occurs to form solid solution, so that the generation of intermetallic compounds is reduced, and the effective connection of materials can be realized.
In research, researchers have mainly used solid-phase welding methods such as: the welding is carried out by methods such as explosion welding, diffusion welding, brazing and the like, and although the generation of intermetallic compounds of a welding interface layer can be conveniently controlled during welding to obtain a welding joint with good performance, the welding method has the disadvantages of complicated equipment, high welding cost and large requirements on a welding structure, and can not be produced in batches. The multi-beam electron beam welding is a welding method which gradually enters the visual field of people in recent years, realizes micron-scale accurate control by accurately controlling high-energy beam current and the characteristic of no mass of electrons, and can adapt to various welding conditions. In addition, the high-energy beam emitter can be programmed and controlled by teaching programming and off-line programming at present, and the effects of automation and digitization are achieved in industrial application, so that the problem that batch production cannot be achieved by adopting electron beam welding can be solved. At present, students use a plurality of electron beams to carry out synchronous preheating welding, and the final result shows that the residual stress and the deformation degree in a sample are greatly reduced after welding. In addition, the students have conducted numerical simulation on the temperature field of the double-beam electron beam welding, and found that the back electron beam can reheat the welding line when the welding line has residual heat in the welding process and is not completely cooled, the remelting effect is achieved, growth of intermetallic compounds at the interface is damaged, and the number of copper-based solid solutions is increased.
Aiming at the larger residual stress in the welding seam, the method of stress relief annealing in the furnace is convenient and fast, so that the process cost can be saved, and after the method is used for heat treatment, the residual welding stress in the workpiece can be eliminated, so that the corrosion cracking in the use process can be prevented, the fatigue of the workpiece can be reduced, and the tensile strength of the workpiece can be improved. In addition, the annealing temperature can be automatically adjusted according to different types of metals by the stress relief annealing heat treatment in the furnace, so that the heat treatment of the welded workpiece is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals. And in-situ remelting is carried out on the titanium-copper bonding interface through the double-beam electron beam reconstruction welding temperature field, the growth of brittle intermetallic compounds at the interface is damaged, and the mechanical property of the joint is improved so as to solve the problem of low bonding strength of dissimilar metals of Ti6Al4V and TU2 oxygen-free copper alloys.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals comprises the following specific steps:
Step 4, welding the workpiece by using a double-beam electron beam, wherein the beam current A1 of the electron beam on the copper bias side; 50-60mA, welding speed v 1 600-700mm/min, scanning frequency: 200Hz and offset distance a from the butt joint center line of the plate 1 2-4mm, the moving direction of the electron beam is parallel to the butt joint central line of the plates to weld the side weld of the partial copper, and the width of the weld is marked as B 1 (ii) a The titanium bias side electron beam current A2:30-40mA, welding speed v 2 600-700mm/min, scanning frequency: 200Hz, offset distance a from the centre line 2 3-5mm, after a complete molten pool is formed, the moving direction of the electron beam is parallel to the butt joint central line of the plates to weld the side weld of titanium bias, and the width of the weld is marked as B 2 And when the length of the welding seam of the copper-bias side is 10-11mm, the electron beam of the titanium-bias side starts welding, at the moment, two electron beams simultaneously perform welding, a certain length difference exists in the direction parallel to the central line of the welding seam, and the welding is finally finished, and the welding seam of the titanium-bias side does not intersect with the welding seam of the copper-bias side after the welding is finished.
And 5, putting the welded workpiece into a heating furnace in time, raising the temperature in the furnace, keeping the temperature at 250-300 ℃ for two hours, cooling along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to finish stress relief annealing.
Further, in step 1, the preparation before welding comprises the following specific steps:
step 1.1, cutting a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate, a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate and a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet into a plate with a required welding size and without a groove, mechanically polishing a position to be welded and the surface of an adjacent 30mm area by using a grinding wheel and a steel wire brush, finely polishing by using No. 240, no. 400 and No. 600 abrasive paper after the metallic luster is exposed, and finally cleaning oil stains on the surface by using acetone;
step 1.2, placing a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate, a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate and a Ni-based alloy sheet on a stainless steel backing plate, wherein the backing plate is provided with a plurality of circular hole grooves with the diameter of about 10-12mm so as to ensure heat dissipation in the welding process;
step 1.3, forming a butt joint by a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate, and putting a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet serving as an intermediate layer between the two plates to complete a tool, wherein the assembly gap of a workpiece is n which is 0-0.1mm;
and step 1.4, using four cylindrical clamping devices with the diameter of 10mm to place in a hole groove of the stainless steel backing plate, and applying vertical pressure of about 5-10KN to two outer corners of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by using the device to tightly combine the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate with the stainless steel backing plate.
Further, the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ti:89.82%, al:6.31%, V:3.72%, fe:0.06%, C:0.02 percent; the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu + Ag:99.95%, P:0.002%, S:0.004%, zn:0.003%; the Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:82%, fe:3%, cr:7.3%, B:3.1%, si:4.6 percent.
Further, in step 2, the electron beam welding path is set as the working path of the electron beam emitting device.
Further, in step 2, the welding parameters are set as the electron beam acceleration voltage: 70KV, welding height of 230-270 mm, and focusing current of 700-750mA.
Furthermore, in step 3, the defocused electron beam scanning track is scanned in square waveform to cover all the base material.
Further, in step 4, 2 (a 1+ a2+ n)/3. Ltoreq. 0.5 (B1 + B2)). Ltoreq.a 1+ a2+ n) -1mm
Further, in step 4, the length of the weld seam welded by the front electron beam in the welding process is recorded as D1, the length of the weld seam welded by the rear electron beam is recorded as D2, the moving paths of the front and rear electron beams are parallel to the central line, and the following conditions are met: when D2>0, D1 were constructed as a bundle of X (X is the length of the copper plate), (10 v1/v 2) mm < D1-D2<10v 1/(a 1+ a 2).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
in the process of welding titanium copper dissimilar metals, the method is different from the traditional fusion welding or solid phase welding method adopted by dissimilar metal connection, but adopts electron beams to finish welding to realize accurate control on the welding process, inhibits the growth of primary unfavorable phases and the growth of intermetallic brittle compounds by controlling a welding temperature field, and adds amorphous alloy as an intermediate layer to prevent the interdiffusion between titanium copper atoms and reduce the phase change reaction of the titanium copper atoms to inhibit the growth of the intermetallic brittle compounds.
Meanwhile, the invention adopts a space-time synchronous coordination welding method for the first time, two electron beams which are offset at two sides of a welding seam in tandem are adopted for welding, the reconstruction of a welding temperature field is realized, the temperature gradient direction is reversed, the crystallization at the interface is disordered and reverse crystallization is formed, in addition, the huge melting point difference between two kinds of metal also causes that the intermetallic compound layer at the welding interface forms micro-area local remelting, the growth of brittle intermetallic compounds is blocked and destroyed, the structure form and phase reconstruction at the interface are realized, thereby the mechanical property of the titanium-copper dissimilar joint is obviously improved, the tensile strength is improved by about 15 percent compared with the conventional fusion welding or solid phase welding joint, and the fracture is typical ductile fracture. Finally, aiming at the problems of residual stress, deformation and the like after welding, the problems can be solved conveniently and efficiently by adopting an induction heating heat treatment mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dual beam electron beam welding configuration of the present invention.
1. The welding seam center line, 2.Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, 3.TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy, 4, titanium side offset distance a2,5, butt joint test plate center line, 6, copper side offset distance a1,7, titanium side electron beam, 8, copper side electron beam, 9 deflection coil and 10.Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a dual beam electron beam welding apparatus.
11. Filament, 12, cathode, 13, anode, 14, focusing lens, 15, deflection coil, 16, vacuum chamber, 17, high voltage DC power supply, 18, DC power supply, 19, electron beam, 20, workpiece, 21, exhaust device.
Detailed Description
The technical means of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments listed below, and any combination of the embodiments is also included.
And plasma welding the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by adopting a double-beam electron beam emission device.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for Ti6Al4V and TU2 oxygen-free copper is carried out according to the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate samples with specification of 100mm 50mm 4mm, preparing Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheets with specification of 100mm 0.5mm 4mm, mechanically polishing the positions to be welded and the adjacent 30mm area surfaces by using a grinding wheel and a steel wire brush, after exposing metallic luster, finely polishing by using No. 240, no. 400 and No. 600 abrasive paper, removing the surface oxide layer to be welded, and finally cleaning surface oil stain by using acetone.
The Ti6Al4V titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ti:89.82%, al:6.31%, V:3.72%, fe:0.06%, C:0.02 percent; the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu + Ag:99.95%, P:0.002%, S:0.004%, zn:0.003%; the Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:82%, fe:3%, cr:7.3%, B:3.1%, si:4.6 percent.
The second step is that: assembling a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate without a groove and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate to form a butt joint, putting a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet as a middle layer between the two plates, setting a workpiece assembly gap to be n:0.1mm, putting a sample plate on a stainless steel backing plate, arranging a plurality of round hole grooves with the diameter of about 10-12mm on the backing plate, putting four cylindrical clamping devices with the diameter of 10mm in the hole grooves of the stainless steel backing plate, and applying vertical pressure of about 5-10kN to two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by using the device to tightly combine the two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate with the stainless steel backing plate.
The third step: the welding area is vacuumized to 5.0 x 10 -2 Pa, starting electron beam emission equipment, and preheating the environment and the base material by using defocusing electron beams, wherein the parameters of the defocusing electron beams are as follows: the electron beam current is 10mA, the electron beam focal point diameter is 4mm, and the preheating speed is 10mm/s.
The fourth step: modifying the parameters of the electron beam emission equipment, and compiling an electron beam welding working path, wherein the equipment parameters are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 70kV, the welding height is 260mm, and the focusing current is 700mA; welding speed v 1 :10mm/s，v 2 10mm/s, the beam current rises and the falling time is 1s.
The fifth step: planning the distribution state and the beam size of the double-beam electron beam. Using single-gun electron beam emission equipment to enable an electron beam to penetrate through a deflection coil, introducing high-frequency current into the deflection coil, controlling the frequency of the deflection coil to be 10kHz, generating time-sharing double-beam electron beams, adjusting the focusing position of the electron beams, enabling the two electron beams to form front and rear double-beam electron beams with the light spot center being 10mm away in the welding seam direction, simultaneously enabling the front electron beam to be biased to the side of a copper plate, and enabling the light spot center to be deviated from the bias distance a1 of the center line of a butt joint: 2mm, the rear electron beam is offset on the titanium plate side by an offset distance a from the center line 2 3mm. And adjusting the duty ratio to enable the front electron beam current A1 to be 50mA and the front electron beam current A2 to be 30mA.
And a sixth step: starting the servo enabling of the vacuum moving vacuum chamber motion system, moving the electron beam emitting equipment to the position of the initial vertical welding surface, starting a welding program, moving the lower beam in the direction parallel to the central line of the butt joint by 10mm after the lower beam forms a complete molten pool, introducing current to the deflection coil and continuing moving, and closing the equipment after the lower beam completes the welding of two offset welding lines.
The seventh step: and closing the vacuum chamber, taking down the processed test piece, putting the welded workpiece into a heating furnace in time, raising the temperature in the furnace, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for two hours, cooling along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to finish stress relief annealing.
The eighth step: after the surface is cleaned, a tensile test and microscopic joint bonding interface observation are carried out, the intermetallic compound layer is partially remelted, and the thickness of the layer is reduced.
The ninth step: the tensile strength of the joint is 246MPa, the elongation is 11.5 percent, the shear stress strength is 321MPa, the impact strength is 11.2 Mpa.m of fracture toughness 1/2 . Secondary cracks are not found in the fracture, and a part of ductile fracture area exists.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for Ti6Al4V and TU2 oxygen-free copper is carried out according to the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate sample with specification of 100mm 50mm 4mm, preparing a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet with specification of 100mm 0.5mm 4mm, mechanically polishing a position to be welded and the surface of an adjacent 30mm area by using a grinding wheel and a steel wire brush, finely polishing by using No. 240, no. 400 and No. 600 abrasive paper after metallic luster is exposed, removing an oxide layer on the surface to be welded, and finally cleaning oil stain on the surface by using acetone.
The Ti6Al4V titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ti:89.82%, al:6.31%, V:3.72%, fe:0.06%, C:0.02 percent; the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu + Ag:99.95%, P:0.002%, S:0.004%, zn:0.003%; the Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:82%, fe:3%, cr:7.3%, B:3.1%, si:4.6 percent.
The second step is that: assembling a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate without a groove and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate to form a butt joint, putting a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet as a middle layer between the two plates, setting a workpiece assembly gap to be n:0.1mm, putting a sample plate on a stainless steel backing plate, arranging a plurality of round hole grooves with the diameter of about 10-12mm on the backing plate, putting four cylindrical clamping devices with the diameter of 10mm in the hole grooves of the stainless steel backing plate, and applying vertical pressure of about 5-10kN to two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by using the device to tightly combine the two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate with the stainless steel backing plate.
The third step: the welding area is evacuated to 5.0X 10 -2 Pa, starting electron beam emission equipment, and preheating the environment and the base material by using defocusing electron beams, wherein the parameters of the defocusing electron beams are as follows: electronThe beam current is 10mA, the diameter of an electron beam focus is 3mm, and the preheating speed is 10mm/s.
The fourth step: modifying parameters of electron beam emission equipment, and compiling an electron beam welding working path, wherein the equipment parameters are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 70kV, the welding height is 260mm, and the focusing current is 700mA; welding speed v 1 :10mm/s，v 2 10mm/s, the beam current rises and the falling time is 1s.
The fifth step: planning the distribution state and the beam size of the double-beam electron beam. Adopting a double-gun electron beam device to generate two electron beams, adjusting the focusing position of the electron beams to enable the two electron beams to form front and back double-beam electron beams with the distance of 10mm between the centers of light spots in the direction along a welding seam, simultaneously, the front electron beams are biased on the side of a copper plate, and the centers of the light spots deviate from the bias distance a1 of the center line of a butt joint: 2.5mm, the rear electron beam is offset on the titanium plate side by a distance a from the center line 2 3.5mm. The parameters are adjusted to make the front electron beam current A1 be 55mA and the front electron beam current A2 be 35mA.
And a sixth step: starting the servo enabling of the vacuum moving vacuum chamber motion system, moving the electron beam emission equipment to the position of the initial vertical welding surface, enabling the electron beam on the inclined copper side to be in an emission state, then starting a welding program, moving the electron beam on the inclined titanium side for 10mm along the direction parallel to the center line of the butt joint after the lower beam forms a complete molten pool, starting to emit, and closing the equipment after the welding of two offset welding lines is completed.
The seventh step: and closing the vacuum chamber, taking down the processed test piece, putting the welded workpiece into a heating furnace in time, raising the temperature in the furnace, keeping the temperature at 280 ℃ for two hours, cooling along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to finish stress relief annealing.
Eighth step: after the surface is cleaned, a tensile test and microscopic joint bonding interface observation are carried out, the intermetallic compound layer is partially remelted, and the thickness of the layer is reduced.
The ninth step: the tensile strength of the joint is 288MPa, the elongation is 12.8 percent, the shear stress strength is 352MPa, the impact strength is 12.6 MPa.m, and the fracture toughness is 12.6MPa 1/2 . Secondary cracks are not found in the fracture, and a partial ductile fracture area exists.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for Ti6Al4V and TU2 oxygen-free copper is carried out according to the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate samples with specification of 100mm 50mm 4mm, preparing Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheets with specification of 100mm 0.5mm 4mm, mechanically polishing the positions to be welded and the adjacent 30mm area surfaces by using a grinding wheel and a steel wire brush, after exposing metallic luster, finely polishing by using No. 240, no. 400 and No. 600 abrasive paper, removing the surface oxide layer to be welded, and finally cleaning surface oil stain by using acetone.
The Ti6Al4V titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ti:89.82%, al:6.31%, V:3.72%, fe:0.06%, C:0.02 percent; the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu + Ag:99.95%, P:0.002%, S:0.004%, zn:0.003%; the Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:82%, fe:3%, cr:7.3%, B:3.1%, si:4.6 percent.
The second step is that: assembling a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate without a groove and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate to form a butt joint, putting a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet as a middle layer between the two plates, setting a workpiece assembly gap to be n:0.1mm, putting a sample plate on a stainless steel backing plate, arranging a plurality of round hole grooves with the diameter of about 10-12mm on the backing plate, putting four cylindrical clamping devices with the diameter of 10mm in the hole grooves of the stainless steel backing plate, and applying vertical pressure of about 5-10kN to two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by using the device to tightly combine the two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate with the stainless steel backing plate.
The third step: the welding area is vacuumized to 5.0 x 10 -2 Pa, starting electron beam emission equipment, and preheating the environment and the base material by using defocusing electron beams, wherein the parameters of the defocusing electron beams are as follows: the electron beam current is 10mA, the electron beam focal diameter is 3mm, and the preheating speed is 10mm/s.
The fourth step: modifying parameters of electron beam emission equipment, and compiling an electron beam welding working path, wherein the equipment parameters are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 70kV, the welding height is 260mm, and the focusing current is 700mA; welding speed v 1 :10mm/s，v 2 10mm/s, the beam current rises and the falling time is 1s.
The fifth step: planning the distribution state and the beam size of the double-beam electron beam. Using single-gun electron beam emission equipment to enable an electron beam to penetrate through a deflection coil, introducing high-frequency current into the deflection coil, controlling the frequency of the deflection coil to be 10kHz, generating time-sharing double-beam electron beams, adjusting the focusing position of the electron beams, enabling the two electron beams to form front and rear double-beam electron beams with the light spot center being 10mm away in the welding seam direction, simultaneously enabling the front electron beam to be biased to the side of a copper plate, and enabling the light spot center to be deviated from the bias distance a1 of the center line of a butt joint: 3mm, the rear electron beam is offset on the titanium plate side by an offset distance a from the center line 2 4mm. And adjusting the duty ratio to enable the front electron beam current A1 to be 60mA and the front electron beam current A2 to be 40mA.
And a sixth step: starting the servo enabling of the vacuum moving vacuum chamber motion system, moving the electron beam emitting equipment to the position of the initial vertical welding surface, starting a welding program, moving the lower beam in the direction parallel to the central line of the butt joint by 10mm after the lower beam forms a complete molten pool, introducing current to the deflection coil and continuing moving, and closing the equipment after the lower beam completes the welding of two offset welding lines.
The seventh step: and closing the vacuum chamber, taking down the processed test piece, putting the welded workpiece into a heating furnace in time, raising the temperature in the furnace, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for two hours, cooling along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to finish stress relief annealing.
The eighth step: after the surface is cleaned, a tensile test and microscopic joint bonding interface observation are carried out, the intermetallic compound layer is partially remelted, and the thickness of the layer is reduced.
The ninth step: the tensile strength of the joint was 263MPa, the elongation was 12.3%, the shear stress strength was 336MPa, the impact strength was 11.7 MPa.m 1/2 . Secondary cracks are not found in the fracture, and a partial ductile fracture area exists.
Claims (8)
1. A double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, performing pre-welding pretreatment on a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate, a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate and a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet, wherein the pre-welding pretreatment comprises impurity removal, grinding and polishing and tooling;
step 2, teaching programming is carried out according to the center line track of the butt joint of the welding material, an electron beam welding path is set, and the adjustment of parameters of electron beam welding equipment comprises the following steps: accelerating voltage, welding height and focusing current;
step 3, vacuumizing the welding area to 1.0 multiplied by 10 -2 -5.0×10 -2 Pa, in order to reduce the deformation degree of the base metal in the welding process, a defocusing electron beam is adopted to preheat the environment and the base metal, and the parameters are as follows: the electron beam current is 10mA, the diameter of the electron beam focus is 2mm-3mm, and the preheating speed is 600mm/min;
step 4, welding the workpiece by using a double-beam electron beam, wherein the beam current A1 of the electron beam on the copper bias side; 50-60mA, welding speed v 1 600-700mm/min, scanning frequency: 200Hz and offset distance a from the butt joint center line of the plate 1 2-4mm, the moving direction of the electron beam is the direction parallel to the butt joint central line of the plate, the welding seam width is marked as B 1 (ii) a The titanium bias side electron beam current A2:30-40mA, welding speed v 2 600-700mm/min, scanning frequency: 200Hz, offset distance a from the centre line 2 3-5mm, after a complete molten pool is formed, welding titanium-biased side weld seams along the direction parallel to the butt joint center line of the plates in the moving direction of an electron beam, and marking the width of the weld seams as B 2 When welding, the electron beam on the copper bias side starts to weld, when the length of the welding seam on the copper bias side is 10-11mm, the electron beam on the titanium bias side starts to weld, at the moment, two electron beams simultaneously weld, and a certain length difference exists in the direction parallel to the central line of the welding seam, and finally the welding is finished, and the welding seam on the titanium bias side does not intersect with the welding seam on the copper bias side after the welding is finished;
and 5, putting the welded workpiece into a heating furnace in time, raising the temperature in the furnace, keeping the temperature at 250-300 ℃ for two hours, cooling along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to finish stress relief annealing.
2. The dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the preparation steps before welding are as follows:
step 1.1, cutting a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate, a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate and a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet into a plate with a required welding size and without a groove, mechanically polishing a position to be welded and the surface of an adjacent 30mm area by using a grinding wheel and a steel wire brush, finely polishing by using No. 240, no. 400 and No. 600 abrasive paper after the metallic luster is exposed, and finally cleaning oil stains on the surface by using acetone;
step 1.2, placing a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate, a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate and a Ni-based alloy sheet on a stainless steel backing plate, wherein the backing plate is provided with a plurality of circular hole grooves with the diameter of about 10-12mm so as to ensure heat dissipation in the welding process;
step 1.3, forming a butt joint by a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and a TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate, and putting a Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet serving as an intermediate layer between the two plates to complete a tool, wherein the assembly gap of a workpiece is n which is 0-0.1mm;
and step 1.4, placing four cylindrical clamping devices with the diameter of 10mm in a hole groove of the stainless steel backing plate, and applying vertical pressure of about 5-10kN to two outer corners of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate and the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy plate by using the device to tightly combine the two plates with the stainless steel backing plate.
3. The dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the Ti6-Al4-V titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ti:89.82%, al:6.31%, V:3.72%, fe:0.06%, C:0.02 percent; the TU2 oxygen-free copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu + Ag:99.95%, P:0.002%, S:0.004%, zn:0.003%; the Ni82CrSiB amorphous Ni-based alloy sheet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni:82%, fe:3%, cr:7.3%, B:3.1%, si:4.6 percent.
4. The dual-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metals according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the electron beam welding path is set as the working path of an electron beam emitting device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the welding parameters are set as electron beam acceleration voltage: 70KV, welding height of 230-270 mm, and focusing current of 700-750mA.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the defocused electron beam scanning trajectory of step 3 is scanned in a square waveform to cover the entire base material.
7. The method for the two-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding of a titanium-copper dissimilar metal according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, 2 (a 1+ a2+ n)/3 ≦ (0.5 (B1 + B2)) ≦ (a 1+ a2+ n) -1mm.
8. The method for the double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding of titanium-copper dissimilar metals according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the length of a weld seam welded by a front electron beam is recorded as D1, the length of a weld seam welded by a rear electron beam is recorded as D2, the moving paths of the front electron beam and the rear electron beam are both parallel to a center line, and the following conditions are satisfied: when D2>0, D1-X (X is the length of the copper plate), (10 v1/v 2) mm < D1-D2<10v 1/(a 1+ a 2) mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211189185.6A CN115446440B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211189185.6A CN115446440B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115446440A true CN115446440A (en) | 2022-12-09 |
| CN115446440B CN115446440B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
Family
ID=84306211
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211189185.6A Active CN115446440B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115446440B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2283448A (en) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Improvements in or relating to electron beam welding |
| JPH11267855A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-10-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron beam deflecting device and deflection processing method by electron beam |
| CN101920391A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron beam welding method for dissimilar materials of nickel-aluminum bronze alloy and TC4 titanium alloy |
| CN103143829A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 桂林狮达机电技术工程有限公司 | One-gun multi-beam welding control device and method of electron beam welding machine |
| CN106346126A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-25 | 南京理工大学 | Method for electron beam welding of titanium alloy and red copper dissimilar metal |
| CN106825567A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | The electron beam selective melting increasing material manufacturing equipment compound with electron beam cutting |
-
2022
- 2022-09-28 CN CN202211189185.6A patent/CN115446440B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2283448A (en) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Improvements in or relating to electron beam welding |
| JPH11267855A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-10-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron beam deflecting device and deflection processing method by electron beam |
| CN101920391A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron beam welding method for dissimilar materials of nickel-aluminum bronze alloy and TC4 titanium alloy |
| CN103143829A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 桂林狮达机电技术工程有限公司 | One-gun multi-beam welding control device and method of electron beam welding machine |
| CN106346126A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-25 | 南京理工大学 | Method for electron beam welding of titanium alloy and red copper dissimilar metal |
| CN106825567A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | The electron beam selective melting increasing material manufacturing equipment compound with electron beam cutting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115446440B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109909643B (en) | Medium-entropy alloy material for welding and welding method | |
| CN109972019B (en) | Medium-entropy alloy material for additive manufacturing and application method | |
| Sun et al. | The application of electron beam welding for the joining of dissimilar metals: an overview | |
| TWI498435B (en) | Sputter target assembly having a low-temperature high-strength bond | |
| CN109317794B (en) | Powder-filled plasma welding method for titanium alloy and stainless steel | |
| CN106271214B (en) | A kind of preparation method being brazed stainless steel Ag-Cu/W nano-multilayer film solder | |
| CN110303154A (en) | The preparation of gradient solder layer and integrated soldering processes based on laser melting deposition increases material manufacturing technology | |
| JP2010503771A (en) | Sputtering target assembly and method of manufacturing the same | |
| CN108526692B (en) | Laser filler welding process for magnesium/aluminum dissimilar metal | |
| CN110039169B (en) | Electron beam welding method for titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal | |
| CN113857669A (en) | Laser welding method for titanium alloy and aluminum alloy dissimilar materials | |
| CN113118606A (en) | Electron beam fuse material additive manufacturing method for large titanium-aluminum alloy component | |
| CN111940874A (en) | Tungsten argon arc fusion welding process for dissimilar metals of titanium alloy and steel based on copper-nickel composite intermediate layer | |
| CN110788465B (en) | Electron beam welding method for TA15 and TC31 dissimilar titanium alloy materials | |
| Seltzman et al. | Brazing, laser, and electron-beam welding of additively manufactured GRCop-84 copper for phased array lower hybrid launchers | |
| CN110538997B (en) | Laser pre-cladding auxiliary plasma additive manufacturing equipment and method | |
| CN112719555A (en) | Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy tube box of air cooler | |
| JP2021186867A (en) | Component for electric and electronic equipment | |
| JP2020011276A (en) | Dissimilar material joint structure manufacturing method and dissimilar material joint structure | |
| CN110802323A (en) | High-entropy alloy arc-laser composite additive manufacturing method | |
| CN108857034B (en) | Electron beam welding method of BTi6431S high-temperature titanium alloy material | |
| CN113134664B (en) | Process method for welding brass H62 and low-alloy cast steel G20Mn5 dissimilar material | |
| CN112296492A (en) | Welding process method of dissimilar metal piece | |
| CN115446440B (en) | Double-beam electron beam in-situ remelting welding method for titanium-copper dissimilar metal | |
| CN110142495B (en) | Titanium-aluminum alloy electron beam welding method for reducing dilution rate of parent metal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |