CN115446422A - Online control system and control method for temperature between electric arc additive layers - Google Patents
Online control system and control method for temperature between electric arc additive layers Download PDFInfo
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- CN115446422A CN115446422A CN202211280720.9A CN202211280720A CN115446422A CN 115446422 A CN115446422 A CN 115446422A CN 202211280720 A CN202211280720 A CN 202211280720A CN 115446422 A CN115446422 A CN 115446422A
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric arc additive interlayer temperature online control system and a control method, which belong to the field of electric arc additive, wherein a vortex cooling pipe is adopted to cool a deposition layer in the process of printing additive parts layer by layer, the vortex cooling pipe has strong cooling effect, and meanwhile, the vortex cooling pipe adopts a magnetic absorption fixing mode, so that the system has good flexibility and is convenient to install, and the system can cool deposition manufacturing of different additive manufacturing parts. The microcomputer adjusts the layer deposition time of the deposition layer according to the infrared thermal imaging detected by the temperature detector, assists in reducing the temperature of the deposition layer, adjusts the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe according to the molten pool image of the high-speed camera, and ensures the deposition quality of the material increase part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric arc additive materials, in particular to an electric arc additive material interlayer temperature online control system and a control method.
Background
Traditional electric arc vibration material disk system is because electric arc high temperature effect heat input compares 2-3 times in the laser vibration material disk equipment height, therefore electric arc vibration material disk in-process very easily produces overheated, especially to metals that mobility is good such as aluminum alloy, overheated makes the deposit layer of low department melt and causes vibration material disk parts to scrap, and on the other hand, electric arc vibration material disk is because heat input is too big, and the deposit layer cooling is slow, easily appears thick column crystal in the deposit layer, causes harmful effects such as anisotropy to deposit layer mechanical properties. The Chinese patent application number is CN201511028009.4, and discloses an inert gas synchronous auxiliary cooling invention, wherein the inert gas cost is high, an inert gas outlet and a laser material increase system are relatively fixed, the installation mode is not suitable for manufacturing complex parts, and a laser head accessory is frequently interfered with a deposition piece. The invention discloses a Chinese patent with application number CN201580064946.7, and a cooling gas nozzle is designed for non-metal materials, which is different from electric arc additive printing, because electric arc additive printing metal needs protective gas to prevent oxidation, and cooling gas is needed in a cooling process to prevent a deposited layer from being oxidized. Therefore, the problems of high heat input, low forming precision, low deposition efficiency, unsuitability for deposition and manufacture of most parts and the like of the electric arc additive deposition exist in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arc additive interlayer temperature online control system and a control method, which are used for improving the arc additive cooling effect and are suitable for deposition manufacturing of different additive manufacturing parts.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an arc additive interlayer temperature online control system, the system comprising: the device comprises a vortex cooling pipe, a temperature detector, a high-speed camera and a microcomputer;
the electric arc additive manufacturing equipment is used for printing the additive parts layer by layer in a layer-by-layer superposition mode;
the vortex cooling pipe is fixed in a magnetic suction mode, a cooling gas spraying end of the vortex cooling pipe is aligned to the additive part, and the vortex cooling pipe is used for spraying cooling gas to a printed deposition layer in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer to cool the deposition layer; depositing the deposition layer by layer to form an additive part;
the temperature detector is connected with the microcomputer; the temperature detector is used for acquiring infrared thermal imaging of a deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer; the microcomputer is used for adjusting the layer deposition time of the deposition layer according to the infrared thermal imaging so that the interlayer temperature of the deposition layer is lower than a temperature threshold;
the high-speed camera is connected with the microcomputer and is used for acquiring a molten pool image in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer; and the microcomputer is used for adjusting the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe according to the molten pool image so as to keep the appearance of the molten pool.
Optionally, the vortex cooling tube comprises: the device comprises a magnetic base, an air guide support seat, a three-way pipe, an air pipe, a vortex pipe, a silencing nozzle, a main pipe, a flow divider and a plurality of spray pipes;
the air guide support seat is internally of a hollow structure, one end of the air guide support seat is fixed on the magnetic base, the other end of the air guide support seat is communicated with a first pipe joint of the three-way pipe, and the middle part of the air guide support seat is communicated with the air pipe;
a second pipe joint of the three-way pipe is connected with one end of a vortex pipe, and the other end of the vortex pipe is connected with a silencing nozzle;
the third pipe joint of the three-way pipe is connected with one end of the main pipe, and the other end of the main pipe is connected with the plurality of spray pipes through the flow divider;
the air pipe is used for introducing normal-temperature compressed air into the vortex tube through the air guide support seat and the three-way pipe by using an air compressor; the vortex tube is internally provided with a vortex chamber and used for converting normal-temperature compressed air into high-temperature gas and cooling gas through vortex conversion after the normal-temperature compressed air enters the vortex chamber, the high-temperature gas is sprayed out from the silencing nozzle, and the cooling gas is sprayed out from the spray pipes through the three-way pipe, the main pipe and the flow divider in sequence.
Optionally, each of the nozzles comprises: a branch pipe and a nozzle;
one end of the branch pipe is connected with the flow divider, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected with the nozzle.
Optionally, the nozzle and the branch pipe are made of nickel-based alloy GH4043;
all the nozzles are arranged in a linear shape, the distance between every two adjacent nozzles is 10mm, the linear distance between each nozzle and the additive part is 20mm, and the included angle between the spraying direction of each nozzle and the height direction of the additive part is 20 degrees.
Optionally, the system further includes: the device comprises a working platform, an electric arc additive substrate, a water-cooling substrate and a water-cooling tank;
the water-cooling base plate is positioned on the working platform, and the magnetic base is adsorbed on the working platform; the arc additive substrate is arranged on the water-cooled substrate; printing additive parts on the electric arc additive substrate layer by layer;
the water-cooling base plate is connected with the water-cooling tank, the water-cooling tank provides recirculated cooling water for the cooling base plate, the cooling base plate is used for continuously cooling the electric arc material increase base plate in the electric arc material increase process.
Optionally, the arc additive apparatus comprises: an electric arc welder power supply, a welding gun and a protective gas cylinder;
the power supply of the electric arc welder is electrically connected with the welding gun, and the protective gas cylinder is used for providing inert gas to protect the welding gun.
Optionally, the pressure of the compression gas of the vortex cooling pipe is 6.9Bar, the refrigerating flow is 1410SLPM, and the refrigerating capacity is 857Kcal/hr.
Optionally, the temperature monitor is an infrared thermal imager, an imaging pixel of the infrared thermal imager is 120 × 120, and the temperature measurement range is 100-500 ℃.
An electric arc additive interlayer temperature online control method is applied to the electric arc additive interlayer temperature online control system, and comprises the following steps:
starting electric arc additive manufacturing equipment to perform additive manufacturing, and opening the vortex cooling pipe when printing to the 6 th settled layer by layer;
acquiring infrared thermal imaging and a molten pool image of a deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer;
if the interlayer temperature of the deposition layer displayed on the infrared thermal imaging is greater than the temperature threshold, increasing the deposition time interval of each layer to 90s;
and if the arc drifting instability is shown on the molten pool image, reducing the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe to 70% of the current cooling air flow.
Optionally, starting the arc additive manufacturing apparatus to perform additive manufacturing operation, before further including:
and (3) installing the arc additive substrate on the water-cooling substrate, opening the water-cooling tank, and simultaneously starting the microcomputer, the high-speed camera and the temperature detector.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses an electric arc additive interlayer temperature online control system and a control method.
The microcomputer adjusts the layer deposition time of the deposition layer according to the infrared thermal imaging detected by the temperature detector, assists in reducing the temperature of the deposition layer, adjusts the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe according to the molten pool image of the high-speed camera, and ensures the deposition quality of the material increase part.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an on-line control system for the temperature between the arc additive layers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a vortex cooling tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a vortex cooling tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship of an arc additive substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for online control of the temperature between the arc additive layers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of the grain refinement of the cooling of the vortex cooling tube provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of the forming accuracy of the vortex cooling tube provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of the symbols: 1-vortex cooling pipe, 2-additive part, 3-electric arc additive base plate, 4-working platform, 5-protective gas cylinder, 6-welding gun, 7-high speed camera, 8-temperature detector, 9-water cooling tank, 10-water cooling base plate, 11-electric arc welder power supply, 12-microcomputer, 101-vortex pipe, 102-silencing nozzle, 103-magnetic base, 104-flow divider, 105-branch pipe, 106-main pipe, 107-nozzle, 108-gas pipe, 109-gas guide support seat and 110-three-way pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an arc additive interlayer temperature online control system and a control method, which are used for improving the arc additive cooling effect and are suitable for deposition manufacturing of different additive manufacturing parts.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides an electric arc additive interlayer temperature online control system, as shown in figure 1, the system comprises: the vortex cooling pipe 1, a temperature detector 8, a high-speed camera 7 and a microcomputer 12. The electric arc additive manufacturing equipment is used for printing the additive part 2 layer by layer in a layer-by-layer superposition mode. Vortex cooling tube 1 adopts magnetism to inhale the mode fixed, and the additive part 2 is aimed at to the cooling gas blowout end of vortex cooling tube 1, and vortex cooling tube 1 is used for printing additive part 2 in-process at the successive layer and sprays cooling gas to the sedimentary deposit of printing, cools off the sedimentary deposit. The temperature detector 8 is connected with the microcomputer 12; the temperature detector 8 is used for acquiring infrared thermal imaging of a deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part 2 layer by layer; the microcomputer 12 is used for adjusting the layer deposition time of the deposition layer according to the infrared thermal imaging, so that the interlayer temperature of the deposition layer is lower than the temperature threshold. The high-speed camera 7 is connected with the microcomputer 12, and the high-speed camera 7 is used for acquiring a molten pool image in real time in the process of printing the additive part 2 layer by layer; the microcomputer 12 is used for adjusting the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe 1 according to the molten pool image so as to keep the appearance of the molten pool and further maintain the deposition quality of the additive part 2. The arc additive device prints one layer each when printing the additive part 2, which is called a deposition layer.
The electric arc additive is characterized in that the parts are printed layer by layer through a welding gun 6 according to the idea of layer by layer superposition, in the printing process, a high-speed camera 7 and a temperature detector 8 are respectively used for monitoring heat accumulation and forming appearance in the forming process, the high-speed camera 7 and the temperature detector 8 are both connected with a microcomputer 12, and image data of the high-speed camera 7 and the temperature detector 8 are displayed on the microcomputer 12.
The invention provides a method for controlling the temperature of a deposition layer by adopting a vortex cooling system in the field of additive manufacturing, a vortex cooling pipe 1 is strong in cooling effect, convenient, flexible and good in installation flexibility by adopting a magnetic attraction fixing mode, and deposition manufacturing can be carried out on different additive manufacturing parts.
Illustratively, the high-speed camera 7 is a digital high-speed camera i-speed7, the shooting speed is 7200FPS, the recording time is 3s each time, and the recording is finished and stored on the microcomputer 12 and can be called and viewed by the microcomputer 12 at any time. The temperature monitor is an infrared thermal imager, the imaging pixels of the infrared thermal imager are 120 x 120, and the temperature measurement range is 100-500 ℃.
The following describes the composition structure of the arc additive interlayer temperature online control system in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the vortex cooling pipe 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a side view of the vortex cooling pipe 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The vortex cooling pipe 1 includes: a magnetic base 103, an air guide seat 109, a tee pipe 110, an air pipe 108, a vortex pipe 101, a silencer nozzle 102, a main pipe 106, a flow splitter 104 and a plurality of nozzles. The air guide support seat 109 is internally of a hollow structure, one end of the air guide support seat 109 is fixed on the magnetic base 103, the other end of the air guide support seat 109 is communicated with a first pipe joint of the three-way pipe 110, and the middle part of the air guide support seat 109 is communicated with the air pipe 108 (the middle opening of the air guide support seat 109 is connected with the air pipe 108). The second pipe joint of the tee pipe 110 is connected with one end of the vortex pipe 101, and the other end of the vortex pipe 101 is connected with the silencer nozzle 102. The third fitting of tee 110 is connected to one end of main pipe 106, and the other end of main pipe 106 is connected to a plurality of nozzles via flow splitter 104. The air pipe 108 is used for introducing normal-temperature compressed air into the vortex tube 101 through an air guide support seat 109 and a three-way pipe 110 by using an air compressor; the vortex tube 101 is provided with a vortex chamber therein, the vortex tube 101 is used for converting the compressed air at normal temperature into high-temperature gas and cooling gas through vortex conversion after the compressed air at normal temperature enters the vortex chamber, the high-temperature gas is sprayed out from the silencer 102, and the cooling gas is sprayed out from the plurality of spray pipes through the three-way pipe 110, the main pipe 106 and the flow divider 104 in sequence. Preferably, the gas line 108 is a high pressure gas line. The highest daily temperature is called high temperature when it reaches or exceeds 35 deg.C, and the normal temperature is also called general temperature or room temperature, and is generally defined as 25 deg.C.
Figure 2 shows 4 jets. Wherein, each spray tube includes: manifold 105 and nozzles 107. One end of branch pipe 105 is connected to flow divider 104, and the other end of branch pipe 105 is connected to nozzle 107. The flow divider 104 divides the cooling gas delivered from the main pipe 106 into 4 parts and parallelly sprays the cooling gas from the nozzles 107 of the four branch pipes 105, the nozzles 107 are in a straight line shape, and the nozzles 107 are arranged in a linear shape. In order to cool the additive part to be cooled uniformly and continuously, the distance between each nozzle 107 is 10mm, and the linear distance between each nozzle 107 and the additive part 2 is 20mm, so that the excessive arc heat in the additive process is prevented from causing ablation on the surface of each nozzle 107. In order to prevent the cooling air flow from influencing the arc stability in the additive process, the included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle 107 and the height direction of the additive part 2 is 20 °.
The vortex cooling pipe 1 requires a compression gas pressure of 6.9Bar, a cooling flow rate of 1410SLPM, and a cooling capacity of 857Kcal/hr.
To improve the thermal resistance of the manifold 105 and nozzle 107 and to improve system stability, the nozzle 107 and manifold 105 are both made of a nickel-based alloy, GH4043.
In order to ensure that the printing temperature remains low, the temperature of the deposited layers is monitored by a temperature detector 8, and when the interlayer temperature exceeds 90 ℃, the deposition time interval of each layer is increased by 90s.
In one example, the arc additive layer temperature online control system further comprises: the device comprises a working platform 4, an arc additive substrate 3, a water-cooled substrate 10 and a water-cooled tank 9. The water-cooled substrate 10 is positioned on the working platform 4, and the magnetic base 103 is adsorbed on the working platform 4. As shown in fig. 4, the arc additive substrate 3 is disposed on the water-cooled substrate 10, and the additive parts 2 are printed on the arc additive substrate 3 layer by layer. The water-cooling base plate 10 is connected with the water-cooling tank 9 through a water supply pipeline, the water-cooling tank 9 provides circulating cooling water for the cooling base plate, and the cooling base plate is used for continuously cooling the electric arc additive base plate 3 in the electric arc additive process.
The arc additive manufacturing apparatus includes: an electric arc welder power supply 11, a welding gun 6 and a protective gas cylinder 5. The arc welder power supply 11 is electrically connected with the welding gun 6, and the protective gas bottle 5 is used for providing inert gas for protecting the welding gun 6.
The electric arc additive interlayer temperature on-line control system has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Propose at the vibration material disk field adopt vortex cooling system to carry out temperature control to the sedimentary deposit for the first time, the vortex cooling tube cooling effect is strong, adopts magnetism to inhale the convenient nimble flexibility of installing of fixed mode good, can carry out the deposit to the vibration material disk part of difference and make.
(2) The eddy current cooling pipe is high in cooling efficiency, meanwhile, the auxiliary water-cooling substrate cools the deposition part, the electric arc material increase process can be kept to be cooled all the time, the cooling of the deposition part is accelerated, the deposition efficiency is improved, low-cost compressed air is adopted, and the use cost is low.
(3) The nickel-based alloy nozzle is adopted, the vortex cooling pipe is simple in structure and high in stability, and the stable operation can be ensured in the severe environment of electric arc material increase.
(4) The deposited layer is monitored by adopting a temperature detector and a high-speed camera, and the electric arc additive forming precision is ensured by adjusting the eddy current cooling pipe.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an arc additive interlayer temperature online control method, which is applied to the arc additive interlayer temperature online control system, and as shown in fig. 5, the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, starting electric arc additive manufacturing equipment to perform additive manufacturing, and opening a vortex cooling pipe when printing to a 6 th deposition layer by layer.
And S2, acquiring infrared thermal imaging and a molten pool image of the deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer.
And S3, if the temperature between the deposited layers displayed on the infrared thermal imaging is greater than the temperature threshold, increasing the deposition time interval of each layer to 90S. Preferably, the temperature threshold is 90 ℃.
And S4, if the arc is shown to have drift instability on the molten pool image, reducing the flow of the cooling gas of the vortex cooling pipe to 70% of the current flow of the cooling gas.
And observing the deposition quality at any time until the additive part is manufactured.
And step S1, starting electric arc additive equipment to perform additive work, wherein an electric arc additive substrate is arranged on a water-cooling substrate before the electric arc additive equipment is started, a water-cooling tank is opened, and a microcomputer, a high-speed camera and a temperature detector are started at the same time.
Through mechanical analysis and microscopic analysis of the deposition piece, the crystal grains of the deposition layer processed by the arc additive interlayer temperature on-line control system are obviously refined, as shown in figure 6, and the forming precision is obviously improved, as shown in figure 7. The arrow direction building direction in fig. 6 indicates the deposition direction, and the arrow arc pit in fig. 7 indicates the crater.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An arc additive interbed temperature on-line control system, the system comprising: the device comprises a vortex cooling pipe, a temperature detector, a high-speed camera and a microcomputer;
the electric arc additive manufacturing equipment is used for printing the additive parts layer by layer in a layer-by-layer superposition mode;
the vortex cooling pipe is fixed in a magnetic suction mode, a cooling gas spraying end of the vortex cooling pipe is aligned to the additive part, and the vortex cooling pipe is used for spraying cooling gas to a printed deposition layer in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer to cool the deposition layer; depositing the deposition layer by layer to form an additive part;
the temperature detector is connected with the microcomputer; the temperature detector is used for acquiring infrared thermal imaging of a deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer; the microcomputer is used for adjusting the layer deposition time of the deposition layer according to the infrared thermal imaging so that the interlayer temperature of the deposition layer is lower than a temperature threshold;
the high-speed camera is connected with the microcomputer and is used for acquiring a molten pool image in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer; and the microcomputer is used for adjusting the flow of the cooling gas of the vortex cooling pipe according to the molten pool image so as to keep the appearance of the molten pool.
2. The arc additive interbed temperature on-line control system of claim 1, wherein the vortex cooling tube comprises: the device comprises a magnetic base, an air guide support seat, a three-way pipe, an air pipe, a vortex tube, a silencing nozzle, a main pipe, a flow divider and a plurality of spray pipes;
the air guide support seat is internally of a hollow structure, one end of the air guide support seat is fixed on the magnetic base, the other end of the air guide support seat is communicated with a first pipe joint of the three-way pipe, and the middle part of the air guide support seat is communicated with the air pipe;
a second pipe joint of the three-way pipe is connected with one end of a vortex pipe, and the other end of the vortex pipe is connected with a silencing nozzle;
the third pipe joint of the three-way pipe is connected with one end of the main pipe, and the other end of the main pipe is connected with the plurality of spray pipes through the flow divider;
the air pipe is used for introducing normal-temperature compressed air into the vortex tube through the air guide support seat and the three-way pipe by using an air compressor; the vortex tube is internally provided with a vortex chamber and used for converting normal-temperature compressed air into high-temperature gas and cooling gas through vortex conversion after the normal-temperature compressed air enters the vortex chamber, the high-temperature gas is sprayed out from the silencing nozzle, and the cooling gas is sprayed out from the spray pipes through the three-way pipe, the main pipe and the flow divider in sequence.
3. The arc additive interbed temperature on-line control system of claim 2, wherein each of the lances comprises: branch pipes and nozzles;
one end of the branch pipe is connected with the flow divider, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected with the nozzle.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the nozzle and the branch pipe are made of nickel-based alloy GH4043;
all nozzles are arranged in a linear shape, the distance between every two adjacent nozzles is 10mm, the linear distance between each nozzle and the additive part is 20mm, and the included angle between the spraying direction of each nozzle and the height direction of the additive part is 20 degrees.
5. The arc additive interlayer temperature on-line control system of claim 2, further comprising: the device comprises a working platform, an electric arc additive substrate, a water-cooling substrate and a water-cooling tank;
the water-cooling base plate is positioned on the working platform, and the magnetic base is adsorbed on the working platform; the arc additive substrate is arranged on the water-cooled substrate; printing additive parts on the electric arc additive substrate layer by layer;
the water-cooling base plate is connected with the water-cooling tank, the water-cooling tank provides recirculated cooling water for the cooling base plate, the cooling base plate is used for continuously cooling the electric arc material increase base plate in the electric arc material increase process.
6. The arc additive interlayer temperature online control system of claim 1, wherein the arc additive apparatus comprises: an electric arc welder power supply, a welding gun and a protective gas cylinder;
the power supply of the electric arc welder is electrically connected with the welding gun, and the protective gas cylinder is used for providing inert gas to protect the welding gun.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the vortex cooling tube has a pressure of 6.9Bar in compression gas, a cooling flow of 1410SLPM, and a cooling capacity of 857Kcal/hr.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the temperature monitor is an infrared thermal imager having 120 x 120 imaging pixels and measuring 100-500 ℃.
9. An arc additive interlayer temperature online control method, which is applied to the arc additive interlayer temperature online control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
starting electric arc additive manufacturing equipment to perform additive manufacturing work, and opening the vortex cooling pipe when printing to a 6 th settled layer by layer;
acquiring infrared thermal imaging and a molten pool image of a deposition layer in real time in the process of printing the additive part layer by layer;
if the interlayer temperature of the deposition layer displayed on the infrared thermal imaging is greater than the temperature threshold, increasing the deposition time interval of each layer to 90s;
and if the arc drifting instability is shown on the molten pool image, reducing the cooling air flow of the vortex cooling pipe to 70% of the current cooling air flow.
10. The method for online control of the temperature of the arc additive layers according to claim 9, wherein the starting of the arc additive device for additive work further comprises:
and (3) installing the arc additive substrate on the water-cooling substrate, opening the water-cooling tank, and simultaneously starting the microcomputer, the high-speed camera and the temperature detector.
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