CN115445391A - Device and method for capturing and storing ocean carbon - Google Patents
Device and method for capturing and storing ocean carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN115445391A CN115445391A CN202210995833.0A CN202210995833A CN115445391A CN 115445391 A CN115445391 A CN 115445391A CN 202210995833 A CN202210995833 A CN 202210995833A CN 115445391 A CN115445391 A CN 115445391A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by wind motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
- B01D2252/103—Water
- B01D2252/1035—Sea water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for capturing and storing ocean carbon, wherein the device comprises a water collector, a water distributor is arranged at the top of the water collector, the water collector and the water distributor are combined to form a carbon capturing device, the output end of a burner is connected with the water collector through a pipeline, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water collector, a chimney is arranged at the top of the water distributor, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the water distributor, and a variable flow pump is arranged at the end part of the water inlet pipe. A natural engineering method is adopted, and natural seawater is used for washing and dissolving carbon dioxide to realize carbon capture; the natural seawater carbonate is used for neutralizing generated bicarbonate to realize ocean carbon storage in the water body. Can be applied to enlarge the commercial application scale of carbon capture and storage in coastal areas with dense large-scale carbon emission sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine science, relates to a carbon capture technology, and particularly relates to a device and a method for capturing and storing marine carbon.
Background
Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), is a technical solution to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, existing CCS technologies are expensive geological storage strategies, which are far from practical application in terms of economic burden and difficult to achieve large-scale emission reduction.
Numerous studies have shown that the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at a rate of about 6Gt/y each year and that most of it flows to the deep ocean. Studies have also shown that carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring product that has little overall impact on the marine environment because marine carbon reservoirs are very large in scale (many times larger than land reservoirs). The conclusions of these studies indicate that ocean carbon storage is the most economical and promising strategy to cope with climate change, and is also the safest and most efficient. However, if the storage mode of high-concentration carbon dioxide stored in geology is continuously used, marine life is dead, and the ecological environment of an injection area is seriously damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a technical scheme of a device and a method for capturing and storing ocean carbon.
The device for capturing and storing the ocean carbon comprises a water collector, wherein a water distributor is arranged at the top of the water collector, the water collector and the water distributor are combined to form a carbon capturing device, the output end of a burner is connected with the water collector through a pipeline, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water collector, a chimney is arranged at the top of the water distributor, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall, and a variable flow pump is arranged at the end part of the water inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the variable flow pump is connected with power equipment, and the power equipment comprises a wind power driving device and a water driving device which are respectively connected with the variable flow pump through a power transmission device.
Furthermore, a seawater inlet is arranged on the variable flow pump or a water pumping pipe is arranged on the variable flow pump, a seawater inlet is arranged at the end part of the water pumping pipe, and the seawater inlet is immersed in seawater.
Further, the burner is disposed on land or in a ship, and the burner is a fossil fuel burner.
Furthermore, the carbon capture devices are arranged in two groups, the two groups are arranged up and down, and the water collectors above the carbon capture devices are connected with the water distributors below the carbon capture devices through connecting pipes.
Furthermore, the pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the water collector below, the discharge pipes extend outwards from the bottom of the water collector respectively and are connected to the discharge header pipe, the end part of the discharge header pipe is provided with a drainage outlet, the two groups of water inlet pipes are connected with the water inlet header pipe, and the water inlet header pipe is connected with the variable flow pump.
A method of marine carbon capture and storage comprising the steps of:
(1) Continuously introducing flue gas containing carbon dioxide discharged by a combustor into a carbon capture device;
(2) Continuously introducing seawater into the carbon capture device through a variable flow pump;
(3) The carbon capture device is internally provided with the filler, so that the contact area of the flue gas and the seawater is increased, the flue gas is washed, and carbon dioxide in the flue gas is absorbed;
(4) Discharging the washed flue gas into the atmosphere through a chimney;
(5) The seawater absorbed with the carbon dioxide is continuously discharged into the ocean through a discharge pipe. The discharge location is a carbon storage location.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention is suitable for capturing and storing carbon dioxide emitted by coastal power plants, ships and other fossil fuel-fired marine facilities. A natural engineering method is adopted, and natural seawater is used for washing and dissolving carbon dioxide to realize carbon capture; the natural seawater carbonate is used for neutralizing generated bicarbonate to realize ocean carbon storage in the water body; the wind power and water driving device is used, energy is saved, and the water outlet accords with the environmental protection regulation. An economical and green effective means of responding to climate change using a marine ecosystem of carbon sinks and reservoirs is provided. Can be applied to enlarge the commercial application scale of carbon capture and storage in coastal areas with dense large-scale carbon emission sources. In this case, the scale effect is prominent and the carbon storage effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly for use in a coastal power plant;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly applied to a cabin;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the seawater carbon capture and storage process;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a carbon capture device.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the device for capturing and storing ocean carbon comprises a water collector 22, a water distributor 21 arranged on the top of the water collector 22, the water collector 22 and the water distributor 21 combined to form a carbon capturing device 2, an output end of a burner 1 connected with the water collector 22 through a pipe 11, a discharge pipe 7 arranged on the bottom of the water collector 22, a chimney 6 arranged on the top of the water distributor 21, a water inlet pipe 31 arranged on the side wall, and a variable flow pump 3 arranged on the end of the water inlet pipe 31. The carbon capture plant 2 is typically located above sea level 10.
The variable displacement pump 3 is connected to a power plant 9, and the power plant 9 includes a wind power drive 91 and a water drive 92, each connected to the variable displacement pump 3 via a power transmission 93. The variable flow pump 3 is provided with a seawater inlet 4 or the variable flow pump is provided with a water pumping pipe 32, the end part of the water pumping pipe 32 is provided with the seawater inlet 4, and the seawater inlet 4 is immersed in seawater.
The burner 1 is located on land or in a hold 8 of a ship, the burner 1 being a fossil fuel burner.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the burner 1 is installed on land, wherein the carbon capture device 2 includes a water distributor 21 and a water collector 22, and a packing layer 23 composed of industrial bulk packing or porous plate packing and provided in multiple layers is provided in the water collector 22. The seawater outlet 5 of the carbon capture unit 2 is connected to a drain pipe 7, the outlet of the drain pipe 7 being located in the ocean. The power plant 9 comprises a wind power driving device 91 and a power transmission device 93, and is connected with the seawater pumping plant, and the variable flow pump 3 is adopted in the embodiment. The power supplied from the wind power driving device 91 is transmitted to the variable flow pump 3.
The drain pipe 7 is connected to a water collector 22 under the carbon capture device 2. The outlet of the discharge pipe 7 is located in the body of water of the ocean in order to discharge the scrubbing seawater containing carbon dioxide into the ocean. The wind power driving apparatus 91 is provided with a vertical axis rotor which is used in the wind power driving apparatus and is designed to be vertically opened for catching wind. The wind driving device 91 converts the captured wind energy into rotational mechanical energy to drive the seawater pumping equipment to directly pump seawater.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the burners 1 are disposed in the hold 8, wherein the carbon capture devices 2 are provided in two sets, arranged one above the other, and the upper water collector 22 and the lower water distributor 21 are connected by a connecting pipe 23. The pipeline 11 is arranged at the bottom of the water collector 22 below, the discharge pipes 7 respectively extend outwards from the bottom of the water collector 22 and are connected into a discharge header pipe, the end part of the discharge header pipe is provided with a discharge outlet 5, the two groups of water inlet pipes 31 are connected with a water inlet header pipe, and the water inlet header pipe is connected with the variable flow pump 3.
The engine flue gas is washed with seawater on a running ship without adding any chemical agent. The difference between the pH value of the discharged wash seawater and the inlet seawater is not more than 2 pH units. Thus, the washing seawater can be directly discharged into the ocean. The power plant 9 includes a water driving device 92 and a power transmission device 93, which is connected to the seawater pumping plant to transmit the power provided by the water driving device 92 to the seawater pumping plant, and the power transmission device 93 is a mechanical transmission device.
With reference to fig. 4, a method of marine carbon capture and storage, comprising the steps of:
(1) Continuously introducing carbon dioxide-containing flue gas discharged from a burner for burning fossil fuel into a carbon capture device;
(2) Continuously introducing seawater into the carbon capture device through a variable flow pump;
(3) The carbon capture device is internally provided with the filler, so that the contact area of the flue gas and the seawater is increased, the flue gas is washed, and carbon dioxide in the flue gas is absorbed;
(4) Discharging the washed flue gas into the atmosphere through a chimney;
(5) The seawater absorbed with the carbon dioxide is continuously discharged into the ocean through a discharge pipe. The discharge location is a carbon storage location. At the time of discharge, the ratio of the volume of seawater to the volume of carbon dioxide in the carbon capture product is adjusted to adjust the pH of the carbon capture product discharged into the ocean.
The invention uses the principle that carbon dioxide is a natural substance which can be dissolved in seawater, is rich in seawater and can store a large amount of carbon dioxide in the ocean for a long time in an environment-friendly manner. In the invention, the flue gas discharged from fossil fuel is washed by seawater, the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is dissolved in the seawater to achieve the purpose of carbon capture, and then the seawater in which the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is dissolved is discharged into the sea, so that the purpose of carbon storage is achieved under the condition that the relevant indexes such as pH value and the like meet the environmental regulations. In addition, the diffusion of ocean currents can reduce the harmful effects of carbon storage on the marine environment, and further improve the effect of marine carbon storage. Carbon dioxide is dissolved in seawater according to the following reaction:
bicarbonate ions are the main form of carbon dioxide in seawater. Carbonic acid, bicarbonate ions and carbonate ions are collectively referred to as Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC).
Typically, the solubility of carbon dioxide in water is very low, and therefore, seawater scrubbing produces low concentrations of carbon dioxide, i.e., the scrubbed seawater contains low concentrations of DIC. The "low concentration" is to be understood in comparison with the prior art, where the product of carbon capture is pure liquid carbon dioxide, dense gas or solid form, where the concentration of carbon dioxide is several orders of magnitude higher than in the present invention.
Wherein the fossil fuel is selected from coal, oil and natural gas. The combustor is selected from boilers of steam turbines of coastal power plants or marine vessels, and is an internal combustion engine and a gas turbine. Flue gas is produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. The seawater in step 2 is the seawater extracted from the ocean and directly used for washing, or the seawater extracted from the ocean is firstly used for cooling the combustor and then used for washing. In step 5, the difference between the pH value of the seawater containing carbon dioxide continuously discharged and the pH value of the seawater at the discharge position is not more than 2 pH units, and the pH value of the seawater containing carbon dioxide discharged is in the range of 5.5-6.5. The pH is achieved by configuring the amount of flue gas introduced into the carbon capture unit, the amount of scrubbing seawater and the gas-liquid ratio. The gas inlet is provided with a flue gas flowmeter and a gas inlet regulating valve, the water inlet is provided with a water flowmeter and a variable flow pump, and the water outlet is provided with a PH value monitoring device. When the PH value is higher, the flue gas flow of the air inlet is increased, or the water flow of the water inlet is reduced; when the PH value is lower, the smoke gas flow of the air inlet is reduced, or the water flow of the water inlet is increased. The purpose of which is to comply with relevant legal and technical standards for marine drainage.
"seawater" refers to natural seawater derived from the ocean, including natural seawater used to cool industrial facilities; "scrubbing" refers to contacting seawater with a gas to capture carbon dioxide; "carbon capture" refers to the capture of gaseous carbon dioxide from flue gas during scrubbing; during the washing process, part of the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the seawater and becomes Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) in the seawater after washing. "carbon storage" means that the seawater containing carbon dioxide after washing is discharged directly into the ocean at atmospheric pressure through a pipeline, and concentrated carbon dioxide is not required before discharge during carbon storage. Further dilution of the carbon dioxide can be carried out, if desired, by adding additional seawater to adjust the pH of the discharged seawater to comply with environmental regulations. In different regions of the ocean, including at different depths of the ocean, different requirements may be required on the pH of the discharged seawater. Flowing seawater can enhance the effectiveness of ocean carbon storage. If the carbon-captured product is discharged into the sea stream without the inlet for washing the sea water by pumping, the discharged sea water can be prevented from flowing back to the inlet.
A certain amount of water may dissolve limited carbon dioxide (typically about 0.8m fresh water can absorb carbon dioxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure compared to fresh water, which can absorb more carbon dioxide), and a large amount of scrubbing seawater may be required to capture the carbon dioxide in the bulk flue gas. Energy consumption for carbon capture can be reduced by packing washing and wind/water driven devices, reducing the overall cost of CCS technology to practical levels.
The invention can be applied to enlarge the commercial application scale of carbon capture and storage in coastal areas with dense large-scale carbon emission sources. In this case, the scale effect is prominent, and the carbon storage effect is good.
Claims (9)
1. Device of ocean carbon capture and storage, its characterized in that includes water collector (22), the top of water collector (22) is provided with water distributor (21), water collector (22) and water distributor (21) combination form carbon capture device (2), the output of combustor (1) passes through pipeline (11) and is connected with water collector (22), the bottom of water collector (22) is provided with discharge pipe (7), the top of water distributor (21) is provided with chimney (6), be provided with inlet tube (31) on the lateral wall, the tip of inlet tube (31) is provided with variable flow pump (3).
2. An apparatus for marine carbon capture and storage according to claim 1, characterised in that the variable flow pump (3) is connected to a power plant (9), the power plant (9) comprising a wind drive (91) and a water drive (92), each connected to the variable flow pump (3) by a power transmission means (93).
3. Device for marine carbon capture and storage according to claim 2, characterised in that the variable flow pump (3) is provided with a seawater inlet (4) or the variable flow pump is provided with a water extraction pipe (32), the end of the water extraction pipe (32) is provided with a seawater inlet (4), and the seawater inlet (4) is arranged submerged in seawater.
4. An installation for marine carbon capture and storage according to claim 1, characterised in that the burner (1) is located on land or in a hold (8), the burner (1) being a fossil fuel burner.
5. An apparatus for ocean carbon capture and storage according to claim 4 wherein the carbon capture means (2) is provided in two sets, one above the other, the upper water collector (22) being connected to the lower water distributor (21) by a connecting pipe (23).
6. Marine carbon capture and storage arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the pipe (11) is arranged at the bottom of the lower water collector (22), that the discharge pipes (7) extend outwardly from the bottom of the water collector (22) respectively and are connected to a discharge header, that the end of the discharge header is provided with a discharge outlet (5), that the two sets of inlet pipes (31) are connected to an inlet header, and that the inlet header is connected to a variable flow pump (3).
7. A method of marine carbon capture and storage using any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) Continuously introducing flue gas containing carbon dioxide discharged by a combustor into a carbon capture device;
(2) Continuously introducing seawater into the carbon capture device through a variable flow pump;
(3) The carbon capture device is internally provided with the filler, so that the contact area of the flue gas and the seawater is increased, the flue gas is washed, and carbon dioxide in the flue gas is absorbed;
(4) Discharging the washed flue gas into the atmosphere through a chimney;
(5) The seawater absorbed with the carbon dioxide is continuously discharged into the ocean through a discharge pipe.
8. The method of ocean carbon capture and storage according to claim 7 wherein the discharge location in step (5) is a carbon storage location.
9. The method of ocean carbon capture and storage of claim 7 wherein the step (5) of discharging adjusts the ratio of the volume of seawater to the volume of carbon dioxide in the carbon capture product to adjust the pH of the carbon capture product discharged into the ocean.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210995833.0A CN115445391A (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Device and method for capturing and storing ocean carbon |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210995833.0A CN115445391A (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Device and method for capturing and storing ocean carbon |
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| CN115445391A true CN115445391A (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024067448A1 (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2024-04-04 | 彭斯干 | Method and system for blue-carbon-type direct air carbon capture and storage |
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| CN106803597A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 彭斯干 | Zero carbon emission fossil fuel power method and device system |
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| CN106803597A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 彭斯干 | Zero carbon emission fossil fuel power method and device system |
| CN106076066A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2016-11-09 | 彭斯干 | Sea water formula carbon trapping method of seal and device |
| CN106731510A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2017-05-31 | 彭斯干 | Seawater formula carbon traps method of seal and device |
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| WO2024067448A1 (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2024-04-04 | 彭斯干 | Method and system for blue-carbon-type direct air carbon capture and storage |
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