CN115444954B - Electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, microwave heating device and heating method - Google Patents
Electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, microwave heating device and heating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115444954B CN115444954B CN202211156296.7A CN202211156296A CN115444954B CN 115444954 B CN115444954 B CN 115444954B CN 202211156296 A CN202211156296 A CN 202211156296A CN 115444954 B CN115444954 B CN 115444954B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/12—Microwaves
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave heating, in particular to an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, a microwave heating device and a heating method. The electromagnetic field distribution regulating device provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven electromagnetic field distribution when microwaves heat a cylindrical heating target, so that the uniformity and the heating efficiency of microwave heating can be improved, and the hot spot/cold spot problem caused by uneven local temperature of the heated target can be avoided. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device and the microwave heating device provided by the invention are used for heating the target to be heated, the structure is simpler, the processing and the manufacturing are easy, and the economic benefit of microwave heating can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave heating, in particular to an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, a microwave heating device and a heating method.
Background
The microwave heating sterilization technology is a high-efficiency and rapid sterilization mode under the low-temperature condition, the sterilization mode has low damage degree to the nutritional ingredients of the raw materials, the inherent quality of color, aroma, taste and the like of the raw materials can be maintained, and a better sterilization product can be obtained. However, microwave heating sterilization also has certain drawbacks, for example, in the process of microwave heating sterilization, a heated target is generally placed in a microwave heating cavity, and in the common microwave heating cavity, a heated liquid target often has a condition of uneven heating, that is, the electric field focusing effect of a local area of the target is good, the electric field focusing effect of other areas is not obvious, so that the temperature difference between the areas is increased along with the time, and even the problem of thermal runaway occurs. This situation greatly restricts the application of microwave energy. In the case of milk sterilization, a heat sterilization method is generally adopted to sterilize and disinfect, so as to effectively kill pathogenic bacteria while retaining the flavor and nutrition components of milk, but compared with the traditional heat sterilization method adopting energy, the microwave sterilization has the characteristics of selective heating, short sterilization time, high efficiency, small pollution and the like, and can retain the original color, aroma, taste and thermosensitive nutrition components of sterilized foods to a great extent, but the microwave sterilization is easy to generate hot spot/cold spot problems, namely, when the milk is heated and sterilized by microwaves, the problem that the temperature of local areas is too high and the other areas are not effectively heated is easy to generate uneven conditions, so that the effective sterilization and disinfection cannot even destroy the original flavor and nutrition components of the milk, and the problem of increasing the reject ratio of products is possibly caused, especially when the heated target is placed in a cylindrical container, the electric field focusing phenomenon is easy to occur in the heating process of the heated target due to the geometric characteristics of the cylindrical container, and the hot spot/cold spot is aggravated. Therefore, improving the focusing resistance in the process of microwave heating sterilization of a cylindrical target has become an important point of research on the microwave heating sterilization technology.
The temperature uniformity of the heating liquid target in the prior art mainly depends on a stirring structure or a special antenna which needs to be immersed into the target, and the problems of complex structure, high cost, weak continuous processing capacity and the like exist. For example, suhail n. Abdullah (SnaA, kyyA, cycB, et al, optimalization of the heating of the coaxial conductor of the coaxial line, three pin regulators, co-converter, microwave coaxial slot antenna, water load, thermal imager, thermocouple sensor, and the like, are used to heat milk using the above device and method, and when the input power is 100W, 125W, 150W, the maximum temperature difference measured by milk is 3.4 ℃ and 2.3 ℃ respectively, and 2.2 ℃ respectively, the maximum temperature difference measured by milk is verified to be 3.3 ℃ respectively, and the device can be applied to a static heating device with a relatively small volume but the device can be applied to a relatively small scale because of the relatively high static heating cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, a microwave heating device and a heating method, which can effectively improve the uniformity of electromagnetic field distribution, thereby realizing uniform heating of a heated target at lower cost.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus comprising: the rectangular columnar pipe body comprises a solid portion and a hollow portion, the hollow portion is arranged along the length direction of the solid portion and is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the solid portion, the cross section of the hollow portion is circular, and the hollow portion is configured to accommodate a material channel of a heated target.
Further, the real part of the dielectric constant of the heated object is epsilon eff The real part of the effective dielectric constant of the solid part is 75% eff ～125％ε eff 。
Further, the solid portion is a composite material.
Further, the solid part comprises a filling matrix made of a first material, a plurality of cylindrical filling holes are formed in the filling matrix along the length direction of the rectangular cylindrical pipe body, filling media made of a second material are filled in the cylindrical filling holes, and the filling matrix and the filling media jointly form the solid part.
Further, the dielectric constants of the first material and the second material are different.
Further, the rectangular columnar pipe body is provided with round corner structures on four edges on the outer side of the solid part.
Further, the outer section of the solid portion is square, and preferably four corners of the solid portion are provided with rounded structures so as to eliminate sharp edges of the outer surface of the solid portion.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a microwave heating device, wherein the microwave heating device is internally provided with:
the heating cavity is provided with at least one microwave feed port, and at least one electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device is arranged in the heating cavity.
Further, the microwave heating device also comprises a heated target, and the heated target is arranged in the material channel.
Further, the microwave heating device further comprises a microwave generator for generating microwaves, the microwave generator is arranged outside the heating cavity, and the microwaves generated by the microwave generator are fed into the heating cavity through the microwave feed port.
Preferably, the microwave heating device is provided with two microwave generators, and the two microwave generators are respectively arranged on two adjacent side surfaces of the microwave heating device.
More preferably, the two microwave generators are located at different height positions of the microwave heating device.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a microwave heating method, which can effectively improve the uniformity of heating a heated target in the process of heating the heated target, and specifically, the microwave heating method uses the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device to accommodate the heated target, or uses the microwave heating device to perform microwave heating on the heated target, so as to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
Further, the heated target is preferably a liquid.
Further, the heated target is preferably a liquid and may fill the material passage in a radial direction of the material passage during heating.
Further, the heated target is preferably a liquid and is movable in an axial direction of the material passage and continuously through the material passage during heating.
Preferably, in the microwave heating method, the heated target is preferably a liquid, and in the heating process, the heated target can be filled in the material channel in the radial direction of the material channel and can move along the axial direction of the material channel and continuously pass through the material channel, so that both heating efficiency and heating uniformity are achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the electromagnetic field distribution regulating device provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven electromagnetic field distribution when microwaves heat a cylindrical heating target, so that the uniformity and the heating efficiency of microwave heating can be improved, and the hot spot/cold spot problem caused by uneven local temperature of the heated target can be avoided. Meanwhile, compared with the coaxial probe antenna and the external auxiliary structure used in the prior art, the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device and the microwave heating device have the advantages that the structure is simpler, the processing difficulty is smaller, the tolerance on the processing precision is higher, in addition, the magnetic field distribution adjusting device and the microwave heating device provided by the invention can be suitable for continuous heating, the large-scale industrial production can be more suitable, and the economic benefit of microwave heating can be greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at a point a of an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of microwave heating according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the electric field distribution inside the heated target in the test example and the comparative example provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of microwave heating versus temperature in the test example and comparative example provided in example 3 of the present invention;
the reference numerals are: 10, rectangular columnar tube bodies, 11, solid parts, 111, filling matrixes, 112, columnar filling holes, 12, hollow parts, 13, round corner structures, 20, heating cavities, 21 and microwave generators.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, in the present invention, if there are terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "x-direction", "y-direction", "z-direction", etc., the directions or positional relationships indicated are based on the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and not to indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific directions, be constructed and operated in specific directions, so that the terms describing the directions or positional relationships in the present invention are only used for exemplary illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms described above may be understood by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the drawings according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus that can effectively adjust an electromagnetic field to avoid focusing of the electromagnetic field inside a heated target, thereby achieving uniform heating of an object at a lower cost.
Specifically, the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device provided in this embodiment includes a rectangular cylindrical tube body 10, where the rectangular cylindrical tube body 10 includes a solid portion 11 and a hollow portion 12, the hollow portion 12 is disposed along a length direction of the solid portion 11 and coaxially disposed inside the solid portion 11, and the hollow portion 12 is configured to accommodate a material channel of a heated object. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the electromagnetic wave refraction phenomenon from directly generating the junction between the heated target and the inner surface of the rectangular cylindrical tube body 10, the cross section of the hollow portion 12 is set to be circular, and when the heated target is accommodated in the material channel, the heated target can be uniformly heated due to the uniform distribution of the electromagnetic field and the avoidance of the focusing phenomenon of the electromagnetic field.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid serious refraction at the junction of the heated object and the rectangular cylindrical tube 10, the real part of the dielectric constant of the solid portion 11 can be designed according to the real part of the dielectric constant of the heated object, specifically, when the real part of the dielectric constant of the heated object is ε eff At the time, the real part of the dielectric constant of the solid part 11 is 75% eff ～125％ε eff Preferably, the real part of the effective dielectric constant of the solid part 11 is 95% eff ～105％ε eff More preferably, the real part of the effective dielectric constant of the solid part 11 is 99% eff ～101％ε eff 。
Meanwhile, the present embodiment further provides a specific embodiment for designing the internal structure of the rectangular cylindrical tube body 10 based on the Maxwell-Garnett formula calculated by the equivalent electromagnetic parameters, where the specific embodiment is that a high dielectric constant material is filled in a low dielectric constant material according to a certain volume fraction to construct a composite material with an effective dielectric constant real part of 95% -105%, more specifically, the solid part 11 of the rectangular cylindrical tube body 10 includes a filling matrix 111 made of a first material, a plurality of cylindrical filling holes 112 are formed in the filling matrix 111 along the length direction of the rectangular cylindrical tube body 10, the cross section of the cylindrical filling holes 112 is preferably circular, and a filling medium made of a second material is filled in the cylindrical filling holes 112, and the filling matrix 111 and the filling medium jointly form the solid part 11 to construct a complete rectangular cylindrical tube body 10 with an effective dielectric constant real part of 95% -105%. In this embodiment, to reduce the construction cost of the solid portion 11, the first material is a low dielectric constant material, and the second material is a high dielectric constant material. It should be specifically noted that the rectangular columnar tube 10 provided in the present invention may also be configured in other forms as a complete rectangular columnar tube 10 having an effective dielectric constant real part of 95% to 105%.
In addition, in order to eliminate sharp edges of the outer surface of the rectangular columnar pipe body 10, sparks are prevented from occurring at the sharp edges of the rectangular columnar pipe body 10 in the microwave heating process, the use safety is ensured, the outer section of the solid portion 11 is square, and the rectangular columnar pipe body 10 is provided with round corner structures 13 on four edges of the outer side of the solid portion 11, so that the sharp edges of the outer surface of the solid portion 11 are eliminated.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, in the microwave heating device provided in this embodiment, a heating cavity 20 is disposed in the microwave heating device, the heating cavity 20 is used for placing a heated target, at least one microwave feed port is disposed on the heating cavity 20, meanwhile, the microwave heating device further includes a microwave generator 21 for generating microwaves, the microwave generator 21 is disposed outside the heating cavity 20, and the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 21 are fed into the heating cavity 20 through the microwave feed port, so as to heat the heated target located in the heating cavity 20.
More specifically, in order to improve the uniformity of heating the heated object, the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device provided in embodiment 1 is disposed in the heating chamber 20 of the microwave heating device, and the heated object is liquid and is accommodated in the material passage, thereby achieving heating of the heated object.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preferable heating mode of the heated target, in the heating mode, the heated target can be filled in the material channel in the radial direction of the material channel, and meanwhile, the heated target can move along the axial direction of the material channel and continuously pass through the material channel, so that continuous heating of the heated target is realized.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces of the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device are respectively closely attached to the upper and lower inner walls of the heating cavity 20, and the heated target is selected from milk and is filled with the material channel of the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, meanwhile, by adopting a conventional cylindrical quartz tube as a container for holding the heated target as a comparative example, the test results of heating uniformity in two groups of experiments are shown in table 1, the test results use CoV (coefficient of variation) as a measure of temperature uniformity, the smaller the value of CoV is, the more uniform the body temperature distribution of the heated target is, and the method for calculating CoV is as follows:
wherein T is i T is the temperature of the ith point inside the heated object a T is the volume average temperature of the heated object 0 Is the initial temperature of the heated object.
TABLE 1 comparison of microwave heating uniformity for the test and comparative examples
| Test case | Comparative example | |
| CoV | 0.950313 | 0.342187 |
The above experimental results show that the CoV value of the test example in this embodiment is significantly smaller than that of the comparative example, i.e. the heating uniformity of the microwave heating device is greatly improved after the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device is used.
Next, the present invention also performs a test of electric field distribution and temperature uniformity of a heated target when the heated target is heated by using the electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus, and the electric field distribution and the temperature distribution are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively.
Wherein, fig. 4 is a graph showing the electric field distribution inside the heated target in the test example and the comparative example, and the experimental result shows that the electric field distribution inside the heated target is uneven in the comparative example, and the electric field in the central area is significantly higher than that in other areas; when the electromagnetic field distribution regulating device is used, the electric field is distributed in the central area and the edge area in a dispersed manner, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the electric field is reduced, and the overall distribution uniformity is improved. And FIG. 5 is a graph showing the microwave heating effect versus temperature distribution in a test example and a comparative example in which the internal temperature distribution of the heated target is uneven and the temperature in the central region is significantly higher than that in the other regions; when the electromagnetic field distribution regulating device is used, the temperature difference between the temperature of the central area and the temperature of other areas of the heated object is obviously reduced, and the high-temperature areas are distributed in the central area and the edge areas in a dispersed manner, so that the temperature uniformity of the heated object in the material channel is integrally improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (7)
1. An electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus, comprising: rectangular columnar tube body (10), rectangular columnar tube body (10) include solid portion (11) and hollow portion (12), hollow portion (12) are followed the length direction setting of solid portion (11) just locates coaxially the inboard of solid portion (11), what theThe hollow part (12) has a circular cross section and the hollow part (12) is configured as a material passage for accommodating a heated object, the real part of the dielectric constant of the heated object isThe real part of the effective dielectric constant of the solid part (11) is 75%>～125%/>The solid part (11) is made of a composite material and comprises a filling matrix (111) made of a first material, a plurality of cylindrical filling holes (112) are formed in the filling matrix (111) along the length direction of the rectangular cylindrical pipe body (10), filling media made of a second material are filled in the cylindrical filling holes (112), and the filling matrix (111) and the filling media jointly form the solid part (11).
2. An electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rectangular columnar pipe body (10) is provided with round corner structures (13) on four edges on the outer side of the solid part (11).
3. An electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the outer section of the solid part (11) is square.
4. A microwave heating device, characterized in that the microwave heating device has:
heating cavity (20), be equipped with at least one microwave feed port on the heating cavity (20), and be provided with at least one electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device according to any one of claims 1-3 in the heating cavity (20).
5. A microwave heating apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: a heated target is also included, the heated target being disposed within the material passageway.
6. A microwave heating apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the microwave oven further comprises a microwave generator (21) for generating microwaves, wherein the microwave generator (21) is arranged outside the heating cavity (20), and microwaves generated by the microwave generator (21) are fed into the heating cavity (20) through the microwave feed port.
7. A microwave heating method, characterized in that: a heated target is accommodated by an electromagnetic field distribution adjusting apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, or is microwave heated by a microwave heating apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6.
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| CN202211156296.7A CN115444954B (en) | 2022-09-22 | 2022-09-22 | Electromagnetic field distribution adjusting device, microwave heating device and heating method |
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| CN115444954B true CN115444954B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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