CN115436542A - Method for identifying sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for identifying sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, belonging to the technical field of heparin source identification, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) Carrying out enzymolysis on a heparin sample to be detected to obtain a heparin enzymolysis liquid to be detected; 2) Detecting the content of delta IS and delta IIIA of the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected by adopting liquid chromatography; 3) Calculating the ratio of delta IS/delta IIIA, wherein Y =deltaIS/delta IIIA; 4) Calculating the ratio X of sheep heparin in the heparin to be detected: y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} ‑(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig . The method can rapidly identify whether the heparin of porcine intestinal mucosa is mixed with sheep-derived heparin. And the method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to analyze and convenient to popularize and use.

Description

Method for identifying sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heparin source identification, and particularly relates to a method for identifying sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin.

Background

Heparin is clinically used as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic drug. Heparin is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and can be extracted from tissues such as small intestinal mucosa and bovine lung of pigs, cows, sheep, etc. Different sources of heparin sodium have different chemical structures and biological activities, and the degree of adverse reactions is different, for example, the adverse reactions of platelet reduction caused by bovine heparin sodium is about 2 times that of porcine heparin sodium. Currently, heparin sodium and low molecular heparin approved by the market of European Union and the market of the United states are only from porcine intestinal mucosa, and heparin sodium mixed with bovine and ovine sources is regarded as an unqualified product. Based on this, heparin becomes a resource-scarce product. Under the high profit temptation, merchants illegally mix bovine and ovine heparin sources in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, so that serious hidden danger of clinical application is brought. Therefore, species source differentiation becomes an important analysis index for evaluating the quality of heparin sodium. The anticoagulation titer and the IIa factor titer of the bovine heparin are about 1/2 of those of porcine mucosal heparin, and the two are obviously different. The anticoagulation potency and anti-IIa factor potency of sheep heparin are similar to those of porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, and the molecular weight is similar, so that the sheep heparin can be more easily doped into the porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, and a more precise method for identifying the sheep heparin is also needed.

The current methods for detecting and analyzing heparin sodium from different species comprise: fluorescence quantitative PCR, nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), immunological detection method, etc. The fluorescence quantitative PCR method does not directly detect the heparin itself, but indirectly proves whether the sample is polluted by other sources of heparin by detecting whether the sample contains DNA of other ruminants, but the fluorescence quantitative PCR method is difficult to effectively reflect the actual condition of the sample treated by the DNA due to the fact that the DNA is easy to be treated and damaged under the conditions of oxidation, nuclease treatment and the like; the methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance method, electrospray mass spectrometry, immunological detection and the like all require expensive instruments, have high use cost and complicated detection and analysis steps, and are difficult to master quickly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for identifying the sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, which can directly represent the self composition difference of heparin sugar chains and identify whether a sample to be detected contains sheep-derived heparin, and the detection method is simple and quick.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for identifying porcine intestinal mucosa heparin and sheep-derived heparin, which comprises the following steps:

1) Carrying out enzymolysis on a heparin sample to be detected to obtain a heparin enzymolysis liquid to be detected;

2) Detecting the content of delta IS and delta IIIA of the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected by adopting liquid chromatography; wherein Δ IS IS 2-sulfonic- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (. Beta.1 → 4) -3-sulfonic-N-sulfonic glucosamine; Δ IIIA is 2-sulfo- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (β 1 → 4) -3-sulfo-N-acetylglucosamine;

3) Calculating the ratio of delta IS/delta IIIA, wherein Y =deltaIS/delta IIIA;

4) Calculating the ratio X of sheep heparin in the heparin to be detected: y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} -(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig 。

Preferably, said ([ Delta ] IS/[ Delta ] IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} And (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _Pig The average values of 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin and 3 batches of pure porcine intestinal mucosa-derived heparin were obtained.

Preferably, Y =75.18X +36.25.

Preferably, the detection is carried out by adopting liquid chromatography, and silica gel chemically bonded strong-base quaternary ammonium salt anion exchange stationary phase is used as a chromatographic column filler.

Preferably, when the liquid chromatography is adopted for detection, the fluidity A and the mobile phase B are used for gradient elution; the mobile phase A is 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate water solution, and the pH is =3.0; the mobile phase B is an aqueous solution of 1mol/L sodium perchlorate and 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the pH is =3.0.

Preferably, the process of gradient elution is as follows:

preferably, the detection conditions in the detection by liquid chromatography are shown in the following table:

preferably, area normalization IS used to calculate Δ IS and Δ IIIA.

Preferably, the enzymolysis method in step 1) comprises the following steps: weighing 20mg of heparin sample to be detected, adding 1ml of purified water for dissolving, and filtering by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane to obtain a sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis;

taking 20 mu L of sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis, and carrying out enzymolysis by using 100 mu L of mixed solution of heparinase I, heparinase II and heparinase III to obtain heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected;

the mixed solution of the heparinase I, II and III is formed by isovolumetrically mixing the heparinase I, II and III with the concentration of 0.4 IU/mu L;

the heparinase I is CAS NO:9025-39-2; heparinase II is CAS NO:149371-12-0; heparinase III is CAS NO:37290-86-1.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. the method in the invention is a method for directly representing the self composition difference of the heparin sugar chain instead of indirectly, and directly reflects the difference of species sources.

2. The instruments and equipment involved in the method are conventional instruments and equipment, so that the method can be widely applied to daily detection of enterprises, institutions and the like.

3. The detection method is easy to learn, simple and convenient to operate, easy to analyze and convenient to popularize and use.

4. The parameters related in the invention are sensitively changed along with different addition amounts of the sheep heparin, and can correctly reflect the actual situation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a disaccharide map of sheep 1-derived heparin;

FIG. 2 is a disaccharide chromatogram of sheep 2-derived heparin;

FIG. 3 is a disaccharide spectrum of sheep 3-derived heparin;

FIG. 4 is a disaccharide spectrum of heparin derived from porcine 1 intestinal mucosa;

FIG. 5 is a disaccharide spectrum of heparin derived from porcine 2 intestinal mucosa;

FIG. 6 is a disaccharide spectrum of heparin derived from porcine 3 intestinal mucosa;

FIG. 7 is a disaccharide spectrogram of a sample to be tested;

FIG. 8 IS a partial enlarged view of the spectrum of Δ IS in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a partial enlargement of the spectrum of Δ IIIA in FIG. 7;

figure 10 is a comparison of sheep 1 and sheep 2.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a method for identifying sheep-derived heparin doping proportion in porcine intestinal mucosa heparin, which comprises the following steps:

1) Carrying out enzymolysis on a heparin sample to be detected to obtain a heparin enzymolysis liquid to be detected;

2) Detecting the content of delta IS and delta IIIA of the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected by adopting liquid chromatography; wherein Δ IS IS 2-sulfo- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (β 1 → 4) -3-sulfo-N-sulfonic glucosamine; Δ IIIA is 2-sulfonic acid group- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (β 1 → 4) -3-sulfonic acid group-N-acetylglucosamine;

3) Calculating the ratio of Δ IS/Δ IIIA, Y =ΔIS/Δ IIIA;

4) Calculating the ratio X of sheep heparin in the heparin to be detected: y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} -(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig 。

The method carries out enzymolysis on a heparin sample to be detected to obtain the heparin enzymolysis liquid to be detected. In the present invention, the method for enzymatically hydrolyzing the heparin sample to be detected preferably comprises the following steps: weighing 20mg of heparin sample to be detected, adding 1ml of purified water for dissolving, and filtering by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane to obtain a sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis; taking 20 mu L of sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis, and carrying out enzymolysis by using 100 mu L of mixed solution of heparinase I, heparinase II and heparinase III to obtain heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected; the mixed solution of the heparinase I, II and III is formed by isovolumetrically mixing the heparinase I, II and III with the concentration of 0.4 IU/mu L; the heparinase I is CAS NO:9025-39-2; heparinase II is CAS NO:149371-12-0; heparinase III is CAS NO:37290-86-1. The heparinase I, II and III belong to heparin polysaccharide lyase.

After obtaining the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected, detecting the content of delta IS and delta IIIA of the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected by adopting liquid chromatography; wherein Δ IS IS 2-sulfonic- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (. Beta.1 → 4) -3-sulfonic-N-sulfonic glucosamine; delta IIIA is 2-sulfonic acid group-Delta 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (beta 1 → 4) -3-sulfonic acid group-N-acetyl glucosamine.

In the invention, when the liquid chromatography is adopted for detection, the silica gel chemically bonded strong base quaternary ammonium salt anion exchange stationary phase is preferably adopted as a chromatographic column filler.

In the present invention, when the detection is performed by liquid chromatography, it is preferable to perform gradient elution using the fluidity a and the mobile phase B; the mobile phase A is 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate water solution, and the pH is =3.0; the mobile phase B is an aqueous solution of 1mol/L sodium perchlorate and 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the pH is =3.0.

In the present invention, the process of the gradient elution is preferably as shown in the following table 1:

TABLE 1

In the present invention, the detection conditions for the detection by liquid chromatography are shown in the following table 2:

TABLE 2

In the present invention, it IS preferable to calculate Δ IS and Δ IIIA by area normalization.

After obtaining the delta IS and the delta IIIA, the ratio of delta IS/delta IIIA IS calculated, and Y =deltaIS/delta IIIA;

the delta IS and the delta IIIA belong to heparin core disaccharides, and the applicant finds that the difference between the delta IS and the delta IIIA IS larger for the porcine intestinal mucosa source and the sheep source heparin, so that the delta IS and the delta IIIA are adopted as parameters for detecting the doping proportion of the sheep source heparin in the invention, and when the delta IS/the delta IIIA IS used, the difference IS amplified, and the method IS more suitable for identifying the porcine intestinal mucosa source and the sheep source heparin.

After the Y value is obtained, the method calculates the ratio X of the sheep heparin in the heparin to be detected: y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} -(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig . Since the method of detecting disaccharide by enzymatic hydrolysis and analysis by strong anion exchange chromatography IS slightly different for each detection, in the present invention, the above-mentioned (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) IS used to improve the accuracy of detection _{Sheep (sheep)} And (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _Pig The average values of 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin and 3 batches of pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are respectively preferred.

Although there was a difference between Δ IS/. DELTA.IIIA between each batch of pure ovine-derived heparin and pure porcine intestinal mucosa-derived heparin, the actual variation was not too great. Therefore, when the purpose of the detection is only to roughly know whether the sample to be detected contains the sheep-derived heparin and the rough proportion, the formula of Y =75.18x +36.25 may be directly used for calculation in the present invention. Through the calculation of the formula, the delta IS/delta IIIA of the pure sheep-derived heparin and the pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin does not need to be additionally measured, and the use IS more convenient.

It should be noted that: since the area normalization method is a rough calculation method, the method provided by the application is more used for identifying whether the porcine intestinal mucosa heparin is mixed with the sheep-derived heparin and the approximate proportion of the sheep-derived heparin.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

1. Instrument for measuring the position of a moving object

High performance liquid chromatograph, electronic balance and acidimeter

2. Reagent and test solution

TABLE 3 reagents and test solutions

3. Sample processing

Pure sheep-derived heparin and pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are adopted to prepare a mixed product with the sheep heparin proportion (mass ratio) of 5 percent, and the mixed product is used as a sample to be detected.

20mg of sample is weighed, dissolved in 1ml of purified water and filtered by a 0.22 mu m filter membrane to be used as a sample to be detected by enzymolysis.

4. Sample enzymolysis

4.1 preparation of solution of sodium calcium acetate pH7.0: weighing 32mg of calcium acetate and 10mg of bovine serum albumin in 60mL of purified water, adding 580 μ L of glacial acetic acid, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by using 2mol/L sodium hydroxide, transferring the solution into a 100mL volumetric flask, diluting the solution to the mark by using the purified water, and filtering the solution by using a 0.22 μm filter membrane.

4.2 preparation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7.0 buffer solution: weighing KH ₂ PO ₄ 68mg of bovine serum albumin and 10mg of bovine serum albumin were dissolved in 30mL of purified water, transferred to a 50mL volumetric flask after complete dissolution, adjusted to pH7.0 with 2mol/L KOH, diluted to the scale with purified water, and filtered through a 0.22 μm filter.

4.3 preparation of heparinase I solution: heparinase I was dissolved to 0.4IU/mL using potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7.0 buffer, mixed in a vortex mixer and stored at-20 ℃ until use.

4.4 preparation of heparinase II solution: the heparinase II was dissolved to 0.4IU/mL using potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7.0 buffer, mixed in a vortex mixer and stored at-20 ℃ before use.

4.5 preparation of heparinase III solution: the use of potassium phosphate 7.0 buffer solution dissolved heparin enzyme III to 0.4IU/mL, vortex mixer mixing, before use stored at-20 ℃.

4.6 heparinase I, II and III mixed solution: taking heparinase solution I, II and III respectively according to the proportion that 1:1: mixing at a ratio of 1.

4.7 preparation of test solution: taking a prepared 20mg/ml sample water solution to be tested, adding 70 mu L of solution of sodium calcium acetate with pH7.0, adding 100 mu L of mixed solution of heparinase I, heparinase II and heparinase III, mixing by a vortex mixer, and placing in a water bath at 25 ℃ for 48 hours to serve as a test solution.

5. Detection of

Detecting the test solution by liquid chromatography, wherein the specific chromatographic conditions are shown in Table 4, and the elution gradient is shown in Table 5.

TABLE 4 chromatographic conditions

TABLE 5 detection of Linear elution gradient

Time (minutes)	Mobile phase A (%)	Mobile phase B (%)
			0	97	3
20	65	35
			50	0	100
60	0	100
			61	97	3
79	97	3

The disaccharide spectrogram of 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin obtained by detection by liquid chromatography is shown in figures 1-3; the disaccharide spectrograms of 3 batches of pure heparin derived from porcine intestinal mucosa are shown in figures 4-6, and the disaccharide spectrogram pair of sheep 1 and pig 1 is shown in figure 10 (note: three batches of heparin adopt different equipment and different chromatographic columns during detection, so that the peak output time is different);

the Δ IS spectra and the Δ IIIA spectra of the sample to be tested are shown in fig. 7 and 8 and fig. 7 and 9, respectively. The spectrogram IS integrated by adopting an area normalization method, the peak area percentages of delta IS and delta IIIA are calculated to be 62.86 and 1.58 respectively, the ratio of delta IS/delta IIIA IS further calculated to be 39.78, and the delta IS, delta IIIA and delta IS/delta IIIA of 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin and 3 batches of pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are respectively shown in a table 6.

TABLE 6 batches of sheep heparin and 3 batches of porcine intestinal mucosa heparin disaccharide

According to the data in Table 6, the Δ IS/. DELTA.IIIA values of 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin are 111.53, 112.35 and 110.38, respectively, and the average value IS (111.53 +112.35+ 110.38)/3 =111.43.

Delta IS/Delta IIIA of 3 batches of pure porcine intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are respectively 37.27, 35.52 and 35.98, and the average value IS (37.27 +35.52+ 35.98)/3 =36.25. According to the formula Y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} -(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig . Calculation X = (39.78-36.25)/(111.43-36.25) =0.0469, i.e. the proportion of sheep heparin in this sample is 4.69%.

The calculation result shows that: the calculated value obtained by the method is basically consistent with the actual proportion of the sheep heparin in the sample, which shows that the method has good applicability and can be used for identifying whether the sheep heparin is doped in the heparin sodium or not and the doping proportion.

Example 2

The difference from the example 1 is that the sample to be tested is different, and other operation steps are completely the same as the example 1.

Wherein: pure sheep-derived heparin and pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are adopted to prepare a mixed product with the sheep heparin proportion (mass ratio) of 15% as a sample to be detected.

The liquid chromatography IS adopted for detection to obtain a spectrum of Δ IS of the sample to be detected as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and a spectrum of Δ IIIA as shown in fig. 7 and 9. And integrating the spectrogram by using an area normalization method, calculating the peak area percentages of the delta IS and the delta IIIA to be 63.77 and 1.36 respectively, further calculating the ratio of the delta IS to the delta IIIA to be 46.89, and calculating to obtain X =0.1415 according to a formula Y =75.18X +36.25, namely the proportion of the sheep heparin in the sample IS 14.15%.

The calculation result shows that: the calculated value obtained by the method is basically consistent with the actual proportion of the sheep heparin in the sample, which shows that the method has good applicability and can be used for identifying whether the sheep heparin is doped in the heparin sodium or not and the doping proportion.

Example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the sample to be tested is different, and other operation steps are completely the same as example 1.

Wherein: pure sheep-derived heparin and pure pig intestinal mucosa-derived heparin are adopted to prepare a mixed product with the sheep heparin proportion (mass ratio) of 30% as a sample to be detected.

The liquid chromatography IS adopted for detection to obtain a spectrum of Δ IS of the sample to be detected as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and a spectrum of Δ IIIA as shown in fig. 7 and 9. Integrating spectrograms by using an area normalization method, calculating peak area percentages of delta IS and delta IIIA to be 64.08 and 1.03 respectively, further calculating the ratio of delta IS to delta IIIA to be 62.21, and calculating to obtain X =0.3453% according to a formula Y =75.18X +36.25, namely the proportion of the sheep heparin in the sample IS 34.53%.

The calculation result shows that: the calculated value obtained by the method is basically consistent with the actual proportion of the sheep heparin in the sample, which shows that the method has good applicability and can be used for identifying whether the sheep heparin is doped in the heparin sodium or not and the doping proportion.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The method for identifying the sheep-derived heparin doping ratio in the porcine intestinal mucosa heparin is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) Carrying out enzymolysis on a heparin sample to be detected to obtain a heparin enzymolysis liquid to be detected;

2) Detecting the content of delta IS and delta IIIA of the heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected by adopting liquid chromatography; wherein Δ IS IS 2-sulfo- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (β 1 → 4) -3-sulfo-N-sulfonic glucosamine; Δ IIIA is 2-sulfonic acid group- Δ 4, 5-glucuronic acid- (β 1 → 4) -3-sulfonic acid group-N-acetylglucosamine;

3) Calculating the ratio of delta IS/delta IIIA, wherein Y =deltaIS/delta IIIA;

4) Calculating the ratio X of the sheep heparin in the heparin to be detected: y = [ (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} -(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig ]X+(△IS/△IIIA) _Pig 。

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said ([ Delta ] IS/[ Delta ] IIIA) _{Sheep (sheep)} And (. DELTA.IS/. DELTA.IIIA) _Pig Respectively 3 batches of pure sheep-derived heparin and 3 batches of pure pigsMean values for intestinal mucosa-derived heparin.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein Y =75.18X +36.25.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection is performed by liquid chromatography using silica gel chemically bonded strongly basic quaternary ammonium anion exchange stationary phase as a column filler.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the detection by liquid chromatography, gradient elution is performed using a mobile phase B and a mobile phase A; the mobile phase A is 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate water solution, and the pH is =3.0; the mobile phase B is an aqueous solution of 1mol/L sodium perchlorate and 2mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the pH is =3.0.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the gradient elution is performed as follows:

7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the detection conditions in the detection by liquid chromatography are as shown in the following table:

8. the method of claim 1, wherein Δ IS and Δ IIIA are calculated using area normalization.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the enzymatic hydrolysis method in step 1) comprises the following steps: weighing 20mg of heparin sample to be detected, adding 1ml of purified water for dissolving, and filtering by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane to obtain a sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis;

taking 20 mu L of sample solution to be detected by enzymolysis, and carrying out enzymolysis by using 100 mu L of mixed solution of heparinase I, heparinase II and heparinase III to obtain heparin enzymatic hydrolysate to be detected;

the mixed solution of the heparinase I, II and III is formed by isovolumetrically mixing the heparinase I, II and III with the concentration of 0.4 IU/mu L;

the heparinase I is CAS NO:9025-39-2; heparinase II is CAS NO:149371-12-0; heparinase III is CAS NO:37290-86-1.

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