CN115435943B - Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method - Google Patents
Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115435943B CN115435943B CN202211139330.XA CN202211139330A CN115435943B CN 115435943 B CN115435943 B CN 115435943B CN 202211139330 A CN202211139330 A CN 202211139330A CN 115435943 B CN115435943 B CN 115435943B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fastener
- pretightening force
- intelligent
- pulse electric
- electric signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
- G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B1/00—Devices for securing together, or preventing relative movement between, constructional elements or machine parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/246—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using acoustic waves
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent fastener, an intelligent fastener monitoring system and a monitoring method. Wherein, the monitoring method includes: acquiring the natural frequency of a composite layer film sensor of an intelligent fastener to be monitored; generating a corresponding control command according to the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor so as to enable the frequency of the first pulse electric signal to be matched with the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor; receiving pretightening force information; and calculating the pretightening force of the fastener according to the pretightening force information. By the monitoring method provided by the invention, accurate measurement of the pretightening force of the fastener under the vibration condition is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fasteners, and particularly relates to an intelligent fastener, an intelligent fastener monitoring system and an intelligent fastener monitoring method.
Background
The fastener connection is the most widely used mechanical connection mode in engineering, and is commonly used in industry for fastening connection by a torque wrench, and the pretightening force of the fastener is indirectly controlled through torque. But measurement and control accuracy is limited due to the variability in the friction coefficient of the flanks or contact surfaces of the individual fasteners. In practical applications, even with guaranteed machining accuracy and good lubrication, the pretightening force of the fastener for the same torque will vary by 10% -30%.
For the problem that the pretightening force measured by the traditional torque method has larger deviation, the pretightening force value of the fastener can be obtained by using the ultrasonic-technology-based fastener axial stress nondestructive detection technologies such as an electromagnetic ultrasonic method, a laser ultrasonic method, a pulse echo reflection method and a phase method in recent years, but the real-time pretightening force measurement of the fastener under the vibration condition cannot be realized.
Under the vibration condition, the fastener can vibrate along with the workpiece, the stress of the fastener is uneven, the pretightening force can be increased or reduced instantaneously, the signal excitation and receiving probe can not vibrate along with the fastener when the method is applied, the excitation signal is difficult under the vibration condition, the error of the measurement result is larger, and the dynamic real-time pretightening force of the fastener can not be measured.
The present invention has been made in view of this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing an intelligent fastener, an intelligent fastener monitoring system and a monitoring method.
In order to solve the technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent fastener, which comprises a fastener, wherein an ultrasonic film sensor is formed on the top of the fastener, and the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor is different from the natural frequency of the fastener.
Further alternatively, the ultrasonic film sensor comprises an electrode layer, a protective layer, a piezoelectric layer and an isolation layer from top to bottom.
A second aspect of the invention provides a smart fastener monitoring system comprising a smart fastener as provided in the first aspect;
The pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the intelligent fastener, and transmits a first pulse electric signal matched with the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor in response to the control command;
Under the vibration condition, after the intelligent fastener receives the first pulse electric signal, the first pulse electric signal is converted into an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is enabled to propagate along the longitudinal direction of the fastener, and after the ultrasonic signal is reflected back through the bottom of the fastener, the ultrasonic signal is converted into a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal;
the pretightening force measuring instrument is also used for receiving a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal, determining pretightening force information according to the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal and sending the pretightening force information to the control terminal;
The control terminal is connected with the pretightening force measuring instrument and is used for sending a control command, receiving pretightening force information and calculating pretightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pretightening force information.
Further alternatively, the control terminal includes:
The industrial personal computer is used for sending a control command, receiving the pre-tightening force information and sending the pre-tightening force information to the data processing terminal;
and the data processing terminal is used for calculating the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pretightening force information.
Further optionally, the data processing terminal is provided with safety thresholds of different intelligent fasteners, when the pretightening force is received, the pretightening force is compared with the corresponding safety thresholds, and when the pretightening force exceeds the corresponding safety thresholds, alarm information is generated.
Further optionally, the pretension information includes a time difference between the first pulsed electrical signal and the second pulsed electrical signal.
Further optionally, the data processing terminal stores the frequency and the pulse times of different pulse electric signals;
The data processing terminal also stores parameters of different intelligent fasteners and natural frequencies of corresponding ultrasonic film sensors, wherein the parameters comprise the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the fasteners, the load F, the elastic modulus E, the specification and the clamping length L of the fasteners, and the temperature compensation parameters and the stress compensation parameters of the fasteners.
Further alternatively, the data processing terminal calculates a pre-tightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pre-tightening force information, including:
the pretightening force is calculated by adopting the following formulas (1) and (2):
Wherein T0 is the time difference between the transmitting and receiving electric signals of the fastener in the free state, T1 is the time difference between the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal, and v is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal in the fastener.
Further alternatively, the data processing terminal is provided with a multichannel real-time measurement management module, and the multichannel real-time measurement management module can detect pretightening forces of a plurality of intelligent fasteners at the same time.
Further alternatively, the pretension measuring instrument comprises a detection probe, the pretension measuring instrument is connected with the intelligent fastener through the detection probe to send or receive pulse electric signals, and when the detection probes are multiple, pretension information acquired by the detection probes is correspondingly input into each module of the multichannel real-time measurement management module.
Further alternatively, the method may comprise, in a further alternative,
The industrial personal computer is also used for uploading the pretightening force information and the corresponding intelligent fastener information to the cloud server;
the data processing terminal is also used for reporting abnormal information of the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener to the cloud server.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a monitoring method for the intelligent fastener monitoring system provided in the second aspect, comprising:
Acquiring the natural frequency of a composite layer film sensor of an intelligent fastener to be monitored;
generating a corresponding control command according to the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor so as to enable the frequency of the first pulse electric signal to be matched with the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor;
Receiving pretightening force information;
And calculating the pretightening force of the fastener according to the pretightening force information.
Further optionally, the monitoring method further comprises:
Comparing the pretightening force with a pretightening force threshold value corresponding to the intelligent fastener to be monitored;
judging whether the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener to be monitored is normal or not according to the comparison result.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
under the vibration condition, the fastener can vibrate along with the workpiece, the stress is uneven, the load can be increased or reduced along with the vibration moment, and by controlling the natural frequency and the ultrasonic power of the intelligent fastener film sensor, the technology is matched with the amplitude and the frequency of the fastener under the vibration condition, so that the problems that an ultrasonic probe generates an excitation signal difficultly along with the vibration of the fastener and the error of a measurement result is large can be avoided, and the accurate measurement of the load of the fastener under the vibration condition is realized. Further, test data are transmitted to the handheld terminal or the computer terminal through the industrial personal computer Wifi controller and the cloud storage device, so that real-time monitoring of the load of the fastener under the vibration condition is realized.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples, from which other drawings can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without the inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a smart fastener according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a monitoring schematic of a fastener pretension monitoring system according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart diagram of a method for a fastener pretension monitoring system according to one embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a 1-intelligent fastener, a 10-fastener, a 12-ultrasonic film sensor, a 14-pretightening force measuring instrument, a 16-data processing terminal and an 18-industrial personal computer.
It should be noted that these drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept to those skilled in the art by referring to the specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "contacting," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Under the vibration condition, the fastener can vibrate along with the workpiece, the stress of the fastener is uneven, the pretightening force can be increased or reduced instantaneously, the signal excitation and receiving probe can not vibrate along with the fastener when the method is applied, the excitation signal is difficult under the vibration condition, the error of the measurement result is larger, and the dynamic real-time pretightening force of the fastener can not be measured. Therefore, the embodiment provides an intelligent fastener, and the surface of the fastener is provided with a permanently cured film sensor by utilizing the in-situ growth technology, so that the link of smearing a coupling agent in the existing ultrasonic measurement method is avoided, the ultrasonic stress measurement technology is matched for monitoring the real-time load of the fastener, the error can be avoided, and the high-precision measurement and control of the load of the fastener are realized.
An intelligent fastener, a fastener pretension monitoring system and a method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the smart fastener 1 includes:
the fastener 10 has an ultrasonic film sensor 12 formed on the top thereof, and the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor 12 is different from that of the fastener 10.
The intelligent fastener 1 is a fastener with an ultrasonic film sensor 12 prepared by adopting an in-situ growth technology at the head of a common fastener, and the material and specification type of the fastener are not limited. The above frequencies are all resonance frequencies, also called natural frequencies, and are natural frequencies determined by the materials and structures of the sensor or the parts, and are natural frequencies capable of causing the sensor or the parts to generate resonance phenomenon. In this embodiment, the pretightening force of the fastener under the vibration condition is monitored, provided that the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor 12 is controlled to be different from that of the fastener, so that resonance of the ultrasonic film sensor 12 when the fastener 10 vibrates can be avoided, and accurate measurement of the pretightening force of the fastener under the vibration condition can be realized.
In this embodiment, the purpose of controlling the frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor 12 can be achieved by controlling the thickness of the sensor, and generally, the smaller the thickness is, the higher the frequency is, the larger the thickness is, and the lower the frequency is.
Further alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the ultrasonic thin film sensor 12 is sequentially an electrode layer, a protective layer, a piezoelectric layer, and an isolation layer from top to bottom;
Under vibration conditions, after the intelligent fastener 1 receives the first pulse electric signal, the ultrasonic film sensor 12 converts the first pulse electric signal into an ultrasonic signal, and makes the ultrasonic signal propagate along the longitudinal direction of the fastener, and after the ultrasonic signal is reflected back through the bottom of the fastener, the ultrasonic signal is converted into a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal.
Specifically, an ultrasonic thin film sensor 12 is formed on top of the fastener 10 in a vacuum environment, the first layer being an electrode layer, the second layer being a protective layer, the third layer being a piezoelectric layer, and the fourth layer being an isolation layer. The in-situ grown piezoelectric ceramic film is made into a piezoelectric sensing fastener, and integrates ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving signals. When the pretension meter 14 contacts the film sensor, a first pulse electrical signal is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic to generate ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic waves propagate in the fastener, the return signal is received by the ultrasonic film sensor 12 and converted into a second pulse electrical signal, and then analyzed and processed by the data processing terminal 16 to calculate the real-time pretension of the current fastener.
The embodiment also provides an intelligent fastener monitoring system, in combination with the monitoring schematic diagram of fig. 2, the intelligent fastener monitoring system includes:
the intelligent fastener 1 as in the embodiment of the first aspect;
A pretensioner gauge 14, the pretensioner gauge 14 being connected to the intelligent fastener 1, the pretensioner gauge 14 transmitting a first pulsed electrical signal matching the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor 12 in response to a control command;
Under the vibration condition, after the intelligent fastener 1 receives the first pulse electric signal, the first pulse electric signal is converted into an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is enabled to propagate along the longitudinal direction of the fastener 10, and after the ultrasonic signal is reflected back through the bottom of the fastener 10, the ultrasonic signal is converted into a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal;
The pretightening force measuring instrument 14 is further configured to receive a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal, determine pretightening force information according to the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal, and send the pretightening force information to the control terminal;
The control terminal is connected with the pretightening force measuring instrument 14 and is used for sending a control command, receiving pretightening force information and calculating pretightening force of the intelligent fastener 1 according to the pretightening force information.
Specifically, the control terminal can be an intelligent terminal such as an industrial personal computer or a mobile phone.
Further alternatively, in combination with the flowchart of fig. 1, the control terminal includes:
the industrial personal computer 18, the industrial personal computer 18 is used for sending a control command, receiving the pre-tightening force information and sending the pre-tightening force information to the data processing terminal 16;
and the data processing terminal 16 is used for calculating the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener 1 according to the pretightening force information.
Specifically, the system carries out wireless remote control on the fastener pretightening force measuring instrument through a handheld terminal or a computer terminal, the fastener pretightening force measuring instrument 14 generates pulse electric signals according to instructions of a control part, the intelligent fastener 1 receives signals and converts the pulse electric signals into mechanical ultrasonic waves through a signal limiting device and the ultrasonic film sensor 12, the ultrasonic waves form ultrasonic wave echoes through reflection of the bottom of the fastener, and the ultrasonic film sensor 12 receives the ultrasonic echoes and converts the ultrasonic echoes into electric signals and transmits the electric signals back to the fastener pretightening force measuring instrument 14 through the signal limiting device. The fastener pretightening force measuring instrument 14 marks the received echo electric signals with time, transmits the echo electric signals to the handheld terminal or the computer terminal through the industrial personal computer Wifi controller, and can accurately obtain the current load of the intelligent fastener 1 through a fastener load remote monitoring system of the handheld terminal or the computer terminal.
Further alternatively, the data processing terminal 16 is provided with safety thresholds of different intelligent fasteners 1, compares the pre-tightening force with corresponding safety thresholds when the pre-tightening force is received, and generates alarm information when the pre-tightening force exceeds the corresponding safety thresholds.
Specifically, in the monitoring system, a corresponding monitoring threshold value is set according to an application design value of the fastener, and an automatic alarm is given when the load is abnormal in real time.
Further optionally, the pretension information includes a time difference between the first pulsed electrical signal and the second pulsed electrical signal. The pretensioner meter 14 time-stamps the second pulse electrical signal to the control terminal, which calculates the time difference from the time of sending the control command to the time stamp carried on the second pulse electrical signal.
Further optionally, the data processing terminal 16 stores the frequency, number of pulses of the different pulsed electrical signals;
the data processing terminal 16 also stores parameters of different intelligent fasteners 1 and natural frequencies of corresponding ultrasonic film sensors 12, wherein the parameters comprise the propagation speed v of ultrasonic waves in the fasteners, the load F, the elastic modulus E, the specification size and the clamping length L of the fasteners, and the temperature compensation parameters and the stress compensation parameters of the fasteners.
In particular, the data processing terminal 16 comprises a handheld terminal or a computer terminal, which can perform the following functions: (1) Setting different pulse electric signal frequencies, pulse times and the like; (2) setting the fastener parameters used: the specification and size of the fastener, the effective clamping length, the diameter of the fastener and the like; (3) And setting elastic modulus, temperature compensation parameters, stress compensation parameters and the like of different bolt materials. The industrial personal computer 18 can be controlled to send corresponding control signals by setting different pulse electric signal frequencies, pulse times and other information, so that the pretightening force measuring instrument 14 can emit pulse electric signals matched with the natural frequency of the film sensor of the current intelligent fastener, the pulse occurrence times can be controlled, and more accurate pretightening force information can be acquired. The pre-tightening force of the intelligent fastener is further calculated by combining the parameters with the pre-tightening force information acquired by the pre-tightening force measuring instrument 14, and the calculation result is more accurate.
Further alternatively, the data processing terminal 16 calculates the pre-tightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pre-tightening force information, including:
the pretightening force is calculated by adopting the following formulas (1) and (2):
Wherein T0 is the time difference between the transmitting and receiving electric signals of the fastener in the free state, T1 is the time difference between the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal, and v is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal in the fastener.
The main technology applied to the load measurement of the fastener is the principle of sound elasticity, namely, the fastener is in a free state, no load exists in the fastener (residual stress is not considered), and in a fastening state, the fastener is deformed under the action of the load, so that the deformation of the fastener is delta L, the mathematical relationship between delta L and the load F is the formula (1), and the intelligent fastener testing system calculates the load F of the current intelligent fastener according to the delta L according to the formula (1).
The intelligent fastener system transmits and receives ultrasonic pulse electrical signals, measures and calculates the time difference between the transmitted and echo electrical signals. The time difference between the transmitting and receiving electric signals of the fastener is T0 in a free state, the time difference between the transmitting and receiving electric signals of the fastener is T1 in a fastening state, and therefore the deformation of the fastener is obtained according to the relation between the transmitting and receiving time difference of the electric signals and the deformation of the fastener, v is the propagation speed of mechanical longitudinal waves in the fastener, and finally the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener in the current state can be obtained by an intelligent fastener testing system according to DeltaL and in combination with a formula (2).
The intelligent fastener testing system is used for detecting the length of the fastener in real time, and the electric signal is transmitted to the main control system in a wireless mode according to the length change of the fastener, so that the load of the fastener is converted by the electric signal, and the remote online real-time monitoring of the load of the fastener is realized. The stress relaxation and fracture trend of the fastener are identified through the change of the load of the fastener, and an automatic alarm function is realized through setting the load threshold value of the fastener.
Further alternatively, the data processing terminal 16 is provided with a multichannel real-time measurement management module, which can detect the pretightening force of a plurality of intelligent fasteners 1 at the same time.
In particular, the data processing terminal 16 comprises a handheld terminal or a computer terminal, which may also perform the following functions: and setting management parameters such as multi-bolt multi-channel real-time measurement and the like. The fastening pieces are connected at key positions, a plurality of fastening pieces are selected, and the load of the fastening pieces is remotely monitored on line in real time. The practicality is stronger, and efficiency is higher.
Further alternatively, the pretension meter 14 includes a detection probe, and the pretension meter 14 is connected with the intelligent fastener 1 through the detection probe to send or receive the pulse electric signal, and when the detection probes are plural, the pretension information collected by the plural detection probes is input to each module of the multichannel real-time measurement management module correspondingly.
Specifically, when the number of the detection probes of the pretightening force measuring instrument 14 is plural, pretightening force information of plural intelligent fasteners 1 can be collected simultaneously by plural detection probes. The plurality of pretension information is correspondingly distributed to the plurality of processing channels of the data processing terminal 16, thereby synchronously detecting the pretension of the plurality of intelligent fasteners 1 and monitoring whether they are abnormal.
Further optionally, the industrial personal computer 18 is further configured to upload the pretightening force information and the corresponding intelligent fastener information to the cloud service end; the data processing terminal 16 is further used for reporting abnormal information of the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener 1 to the cloud service end.
Specifically, the data processing terminal 16 may also implement the following functions: accessing the cloud storage device at any time to upload and download data; and providing big data analysis functions such as cloud storage and cloud computing. The handheld terminal or the computer terminal uploads the current load of the intelligent fastener obtained through testing to the cloud storage, and can access and download historical data in the cloud storage at any time to master the load change condition of the intelligent fastener.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention provides a monitoring method for the intelligent fastener monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the second aspect, in combination with the flowchart of fig. 3, the monitoring method includes S1 to S4, where:
S1, acquiring the natural frequency of an ultrasonic film sensor of an intelligent fastener to be monitored;
s2, generating a corresponding control command according to the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor so as to enable the frequency of the first pulse electric signal to be matched with the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor;
S3, receiving pretightening force information;
s4, calculating the pretightening force of the fastener according to pretightening force information.
Further optionally, the pretension information is a time difference between the first pulsed electrical signal and the second pulsed electrical signal.
Further optionally, the monitoring method further comprises S5 to S6, wherein:
S5, comparing the pretightening force with a pretightening force threshold value corresponding to the intelligent fastener to be monitored;
And S6, judging whether the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener to be monitored is normal or not according to the comparison result.
According to the intelligent fastener, the intelligent fastener monitoring system and the intelligent fastener monitoring method, under the vibration condition, the fastener can vibrate along with a workpiece, the stress is uneven, the load can be increased or reduced along with the vibration moment, the ultrasonic film sensor frequency and the ultrasonic power of the intelligent fastener are controlled by the intelligent fastener matching with the amplitude and the frequency of the fastener under the vibration condition, the problems that an ultrasonic probe vibrates along with the fastener to generate an excitation signal difficultly and the measuring result error is large can be avoided, and the accurate measurement of the fastener load under the vibration condition is realized. Further, test data are transmitted to the handheld terminal or the computer terminal through the industrial personal computer Wifi controller and the cloud storage device, so that real-time monitoring of the load of the fastener under the vibration condition is realized. In addition, in the monitoring system, a corresponding monitoring threshold value is set according to the application design value of the fastener, and when the load is monitored abnormally in real time, an alarm is automatically given. The handheld terminal or the computer terminal uploads the current load of the intelligent fastener obtained through testing to the cloud storage, and can access and download historical data in the cloud storage at any time to master the load change condition of the intelligent fastener.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several commands for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but is to be construed as limiting the invention to any and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and adaptations of the embodiments described above, which are within the scope of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent fastener monitoring system, comprising:
A smart fastener comprising a fastener and an ultrasonic film sensor formed on top of the fastener, the ultrasonic film sensor having a natural frequency different from a natural frequency of the fastener;
The pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the intelligent fastener, and transmits a first pulse electric signal matched with the natural frequency of the ultrasonic film sensor in response to a control command;
Under the vibration condition, after the intelligent fastener receives a first pulse electric signal, converting the first pulse electric signal into an ultrasonic signal, enabling the ultrasonic signal to propagate along the longitudinal direction of the fastener, and after the ultrasonic signal is reflected back through the bottom of the fastener, converting the ultrasonic signal into a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal;
the pretightening force measuring instrument is also used for receiving a second pulse electric signal corresponding to the first pulse electric signal, determining pretightening force information according to the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal, and sending the pretightening force information to the control terminal;
the control terminal is connected with the pretightening force measuring instrument and is used for sending the control command, receiving pretightening force information and calculating pretightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pretightening force information;
The pre-tightening force information comprises a time difference between the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal;
the data processing terminal stores the frequency and pulse times of different pulse electric signals;
The data processing terminal also stores parameters of different intelligent fasteners and natural frequencies of corresponding ultrasonic film sensors, wherein the parameters comprise the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the fasteners, the load F, the elastic modulus E, the specification size and the clamping length L of the fasteners, and the temperature compensation parameters and the stress compensation parameters of the fasteners;
The data processing terminal calculates the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pretightening force information, and the data processing terminal comprises:
the pretightening force is calculated by adopting the following formulas (1) and (2):
；（1）
； （2）
Wherein T0 is the time difference between the transmitting and receiving of the electric signals of the fastener in the free state, T1 is the time difference between the first pulse electric signal and the second pulse electric signal, and v is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal in the fastener.
2. The intelligent fastener monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the control terminal comprises:
the industrial personal computer is used for sending the control command, receiving the pre-tightening force information and sending the pre-tightening force information to the data processing terminal;
And the data processing terminal is used for calculating the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener according to the pretightening force information.
3. The intelligent fastener monitoring system of claim 2, wherein,
The data processing terminal is provided with safety thresholds of different intelligent fasteners, when the pretightening force is received, the pretightening force is compared with the corresponding safety thresholds, and when the pretightening force exceeds the corresponding safety thresholds, alarm information is generated.
4. The intelligent fastener monitoring system of claim 1, wherein,
The data processing terminal is provided with a multichannel real-time measurement management module, and the multichannel real-time measurement management module can detect pretightening force of a plurality of intelligent fasteners at the same time.
5. The intelligent fastener monitoring system of claim 4, wherein,
The pretightening force measuring instrument comprises a detection probe, the pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the intelligent fastening piece through the detection probe so as to send or receive pulse electric signals, and when the detection probes are multiple, pretightening force information acquired by the detection probes is correspondingly input to each module of the multichannel real-time measurement management module.
6. The intelligent fastener monitoring system of claim 2, wherein,
The industrial personal computer is also used for uploading the pretightening force information and the corresponding intelligent fastener information to a cloud server;
The data processing terminal is also used for reporting abnormal information of the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener to the cloud server.
7. A monitoring method for an intelligent fastener monitoring system of any of claims 1-6, comprising:
Acquiring the natural frequency of a composite layer film sensor of an intelligent fastener to be monitored;
Generating a corresponding control command according to the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor so as to enable the frequency of the first pulse electric signal to be matched with the natural frequency of the composite layer film sensor;
Receiving pretightening force information;
And calculating the pretightening force of the fastener according to the pretightening force information.
8. The method of monitoring of claim 7, further comprising:
comparing the pretightening force with a pretightening force threshold value corresponding to the intelligent fastener to be monitored;
judging whether the pretightening force of the intelligent fastener to be monitored is normal or not according to the comparison result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139330.XA CN115435943B (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139330.XA CN115435943B (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115435943A CN115435943A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
| CN115435943B true CN115435943B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
Family
ID=84248985
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139330.XA Active CN115435943B (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115435943B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105424258A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-03-23 | 上海交通大学 | Method and system for on-line detection of pretightening force of fastening device |
| CN109521098A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-26 | 北京市地铁运营有限公司 | A kind of monitoring system and method for sound barrier |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004038638B3 (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-06-08 | Pfw Technologies Gmbh | Method for determining the clamping force of connecting components by ultrasonic excitation |
| DE102011011764A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | Intellifast Gmbh | Ultrasonic measuring system for determining pre-stressing force in e.g. screw of e.g. steel girder, has data processing unit that is structurally separated from and connected to data acquisition unit via wired or wireless connection |
| US11131579B2 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-09-28 | Dalian University Of Technology | Piezoelectric patch-based real-time and high-precision bolt preload detection method and system |
| CN210268983U (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-04-07 | 航天精工股份有限公司 | Intelligent fastener pretightening force measuring system based on high-frequency ultrasound |
| CN212363509U (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-01-15 | 中物院成都科学技术发展中心 | Fastener with stress sensing function and film transduction sensing system |
-
2022
- 2022-09-19 CN CN202211139330.XA patent/CN115435943B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105424258A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-03-23 | 上海交通大学 | Method and system for on-line detection of pretightening force of fastening device |
| CN109521098A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-26 | 北京市地铁运营有限公司 | A kind of monitoring system and method for sound barrier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115435943A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0381791B1 (en) | Ultrasonic load indicating member, apparatus and method | |
| CN108387338B (en) | Real-time high-precision detection method and system for bolt pretightening force based on piezoelectric ultrasonic wafer | |
| US4899591A (en) | Ultrasonic load indicating member, apparatus and method | |
| US9297789B2 (en) | Differential ultrasonic waveguide cure monitoring probe | |
| US8177464B2 (en) | Connector component with temperature-resistant sensor element | |
| CN108692853A (en) | Bolt stress and internal flaw realtime on-line monitoring method and system | |
| US7614303B2 (en) | Device for measuring bulk stress via insonification and method of use therefor | |
| EP2490017A1 (en) | Ultrasound measurement system | |
| CN109959477A (en) | A kind of GIS disc insulator epoxy test block internal stress ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection method and system | |
| CN107192492B (en) | A kind of tools for bolts ' pretension torque supersonic guide-wave monitoring method based on improvement time reversal | |
| US20230096788A1 (en) | Boom monitoring method and system, and engineering machinery, and machine-readable storage medium | |
| CN111693190A (en) | Bolt axial stress measuring device and method based on ultrasonic waves | |
| US10429356B2 (en) | Method and system for calibrating an ultrasonic wedge and a probe | |
| CN111795765A (en) | Nondestructive monitoring device and method for service stress of preload part | |
| CN209841252U (en) | Based on ultrasonic wave bolt pretightning force monitoring devices | |
| EP3971537A1 (en) | Ultrasonic transducer health status monitor | |
| CN115435943B (en) | Intelligent fastener, intelligent fastener monitoring system and intelligent fastener monitoring method | |
| WO2002016925A1 (en) | Non-destructive inspection device | |
| CN113007195A (en) | High-temperature multi-mode permanent fixation-forbidden intelligent bolt and bolt array | |
| NO344894B1 (en) | Assembly and method for measuring strain in a washer | |
| CN113405752B (en) | Ultrasonic detection method for interface rigidity based on microwave network analysis | |
| CN212645940U (en) | Bolt axial stress measuring device based on ultrasonic wave | |
| JP2005083752A (en) | Breaking sound sensor | |
| CN114112164B (en) | Bolt pretightening force detection device and attenuation prediction method | |
| EP0322446B1 (en) | Bond strength measurement of composite panel products |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |