CN115435577B - Household garbage drying system and method utilizing waste heat of cement kiln - Google Patents
Household garbage drying system and method utilizing waste heat of cement kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN115435577B CN115435577B CN202211054821.4A CN202211054821A CN115435577B CN 115435577 B CN115435577 B CN 115435577B CN 202211054821 A CN202211054821 A CN 202211054821A CN 115435577 B CN115435577 B CN 115435577B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B20/00—Combinations of machines or apparatus covered by two or more of groups F26B9/00 - F26B19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
- F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
- F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
- F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B15/18—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by endless belts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
- F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/14—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by applying pressure, e.g. wringing; by brushing; by wiping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a household garbage drying technology utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln, wherein collected household garbage with the water content of more than or equal to 65% is crushed to the particle size of less than or equal to 80mm through two stages, then the material is dehydrated through mechanical extrusion, the water content of the material is controlled to be less than or equal to 50%, and then the material is sent into a dryer; the heat source of the dryer is provided by the waste heat (150-200 ℃) of the kiln head of the cement kiln, indirect heat exchange is adopted, the water content of the household garbage is reduced to below 30% after the household garbage is dried by the dryer, and then the household garbage is sent into the kiln for incineration disposal. According to the invention, when the domestic garbage is pretreated, the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln is utilized to carry out drying treatment, so that the utilization rate of the waste heat of the kiln head is improved, the influence of the high-water-content garbage on the cement kiln is reduced, and compared with the direct drying technology of the domestic garbage, the waste heat treatment device can reduce more than 80% of odor through indirect heat exchange and internal circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement production and municipal solid waste treatment combined equipment, and particularly relates to a household waste drying system utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln.
Background
Domestic garbage disposal has become a general concern worldwide and is a very difficult comprehensive and systematic project. At present, main treatment methods of urban household garbage include landfill, composting and heat treatment. The landfill method needs to occupy a large amount of land resources for a long time and is easy to cause secondary pollution; the composting method has long period and unstable quality, and is easy to cause soil hardening and pollute groundwater; the heat treatment process can be further divided into: the incineration method, the pyrolysis method and the gasification method, but the traditional garbage treatment modes only realize the transfer and reduction of garbage pollution, and do not really meet the requirements of innocuity, volume reduction, reclamation and intensification of garbage treatment. The technology of cooperatively disposing urban household garbage by a cement kiln is mature gradually, and becomes a main mode of garbage disposal. However, in the existing method for cooperatively disposing the household garbage by using the cement kiln, the control of the water content of the household garbage has a great influence on the efficiency of cooperatively disposing the household garbage by using the cement kiln and the stability and the persistence of the operation of the cement kiln, the existing mechanical extrusion system and biological drying system can only reduce the water content of the household garbage to about 50%, the household garbage can be greatly influenced when the household garbage is conveyed into the cement kiln for disposal, meanwhile, the garbage drying process adopting direct heat exchange has too large air odor, and meanwhile, the odor is difficult to dispose and restricts the further development, and the indirect heat exchange system has no technical application in cement factories, so that new process routes and technologies are required to be provided for drying the household garbage.
Accordingly, a person skilled in the art provides a household garbage drying system and a method using waste heat of a cement kiln to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a household garbage drying system utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln, comprising:
the two-stage crushing device is used for crushing the main body of the household garbage, the grain size of the crushed materials is less than or equal to 80mm, and a shearing crusher is adopted;
the mechanical extrusion dehydration device is communicated with the two-stage crushing device and can carry out external extrusion dehydration on the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
the belt dryer is connected to the discharge end of the mechanical extrusion dehydration device, and the belt dryer uses waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln as a heat source to dry the material and controls the water content of the material to be less than or equal to 30%;
the waste heat hot air circulation system is arranged at the kiln head of the cement kiln, and is used for conveying drying hot air to the belt dryer through a heat exchanger, wherein the directly dried air subjected to heat exchange is subjected to 3/4 air volume internal circulation after condensed water is removed through a condenser, the internal circulation flue gas supplements fresh air and continues to dry garbage after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, 1/4 air volume is discharged outwards, and the discharged flue gas is sent to one end of the grate cooler through a No. 2 induced draft fan for treatment; and
the cyclone dust collector is connected to the belt dryer, the other end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the condenser, and the condenser is used for treating condensed water in a circulating air process and sending the condensed water into a water treatment system.
Further, preferably, the belt dryer includes:
a main drying compartment;
the conveying material rack is vertically fixed on one side of the main drying carriage, and a spiral material guide shaft is arranged in the conveying material rack in a relatively rotatable manner;
a feed end piece fixed above the transport bin;
the material guiding belt is connected between the feeding end piece and the conveying rack;
the inner transmission belt wheel can be arranged in the main drying compartment in a left-right manner and is used for transversely conveying the crushed materials;
the inner drying assemblies are correspondingly arranged above the inner transmission belt pulleys;
the bulk material drying assembly is arranged in the main drying compartment in a relatively rotatable manner and is positioned between the inner transmission pulleys, and one end of the bulk material drying assembly is communicated with the waste heat hot air circulation system; and
and the outer discharging seat is connected to the other side of the main drying carriage.
Further, preferably, the inner drying assembly includes:
the front air injection tube seats are arranged in the main drying carriage, and a plurality of front air injection tube seats are vertically overhead above the inner transmission belt wheel;
the rear air injection tube seat is arranged corresponding to the front air injection tube seat and is vertically overhead above the other inner transmission belt wheel;
the heat collection cylinder is arranged above the main drying carriage, and the front air injection tube seat and the rear air injection tube seat are both communicated with the heat collection cylinder through air flow branch pipes.
Further, preferably, the bulk material drying assembly includes:
the aggregate seat is embedded and fixed in the middle of the main drying carriage;
the fixed ring seat is fixed in the collecting seat;
the heat conduction drying device is arranged in the fixed ring seat in a relatively rotatable manner, a driving tooth seat is arranged on the fixed ring seat, and the output end of the driving tooth seat is connected with the heat conduction drying device;
the air inlet pipe is concentrically communicated with the heat conduction drying device, and one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste heat hot air circulation system through the heat collection cylinder.
Further, preferably, the heat conduction drying apparatus includes:
the heat conduction inner piece is circumferentially provided with a plurality of external flow control cavities;
the shunt tubes transversely penetrate through and are fixed at one end of the heat conduction inner piece, one end of each shunt tube is communicated with the air inlet pipe, and side through holes are formed in the shunt tubes and located at the positions of each outer flow control cavity;
the heat collection seat is arranged in the heat conduction inner piece and positioned at each external flow control cavity, a drainage channel is arranged in the heat collection seat, and a plurality of penetration nets are arranged in the drainage channel;
the heat conduction seat is arranged corresponding to each external flow control cavity, the heat conduction seat is in contact with the heat collection seat through a plurality of heat conduction rib rods, the middle part of the heat conduction inner part is positioned in the shunt pipe and is also provided with an outer exhaust part, and the outer exhaust part is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the external flow control cavities.
Further, preferably, the main drying compartment is vertically connected with a circulation pipe, one end of the circulation pipe is communicated with the outer row of members, the other end of the circulation pipe is connected with a plurality of side branch pipes distributed in the circumferential direction, each side branch pipe is vertically embedded in the material collecting seat, and the circulation pipe is also vertically connected with a side fixing pipe.
Further, preferably, a plurality of adapter ring seats are further embedded and fixed in the aggregate seat in a coaxial manner, and an inner gear sector is rotatably arranged in each adapter ring seat.
A method for a household garbage drying system by using waste heat of a cement kiln comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting: the separated household garbage suitable for kiln burning, namely wet garbage with the water content more than or equal to 65 percent, is sent into a garbage treatment plant by a closed garbage transport vehicle;
s2, crushing: the collected household garbage is sent into a two-stage crushing device through a grab bucket for refining and crushing, so that garbage crushing and primary crushing of large-sized interferents are realized, and the particle size of the materials is ensured to be less than or equal to 80mm;
s3, dehydration: the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement is dehydrated by mechanical extrusion, so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
s4, drying: the dehydrated materials are sent into a belt dryer, waste heat of kiln heads of a cement kiln is used as a heat source to dry the materials, wherein the materials are transversely conveyed by an inner conveying belt wheel after entering a main drying compartment, at the moment, a front air injection pipe seat and a rear air injection pipe seat are respectively used for primary drying and post drying, the rotation effect of a heat conduction drying device is matched with the rotation effect of a plurality of side branch pipes and an inner tooth fan on an aggregate seat to enable the materials to be completely dispersed and separated, negative pressure drainage is formed, meanwhile, a waste heat hot air circulation system is used for conveying kiln head hot air into each outer flow control cavity of a heat conduction inner part, the main heating of the heat conduction inner part is realized through a heat collection seat, so that a high heat drying area can be formed in the middle part of the main drying compartment, the dried materials can be discharged from the outer discharge seat, and the materials with the water content less than or equal to 30% are sent into the kiln for incineration treatment through the process;
s5, heat exchange: after passing through a heat exchanger, the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln is 150-200 ℃, and hot air is used as a heat source of a belt dryer to be sent to a drying procedure; cold air is sent into a kiln head chimney by a No. 1 induced draft fan to be discharged;
s6, circulating air: the hot air subjected to heat exchange is dried and then becomes cold air, the cold air is sent to a condenser after passing through a cyclone dust collector, condensed water is removed and then recycled, wherein 3/4 air quantity is recycled, 1/4 air quantity is discharged outwards and is sent to a grate cooler for one-stage treatment through a No. 2 induced draft fan, and the supplementary fresh air is introduced from kiln head hot air;
s7, condensing: the condensed water used for treating the circulating air procedure is sent into a water treatment system;
s8, kiln burning: the material with the water content less than or equal to 30% is sent into a kiln for incineration disposal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a household garbage drying technology by utilizing the waste heat of a kiln head of a cement kiln, which can utilize the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln to reduce the water content of the household garbage with the water content of more than or equal to 65 percent to 30 percent after two-stage crushing, mechanical dehydration and dryer treatment, and then the household garbage is sent to the kiln for disposal, thereby improving the utilization rate of the waste heat and the efficiency of the cement kiln for cooperatively disposing the household garbage;
in the household garbage drying technology by using the kiln head waste heat of the cement kiln, the technology realizes the circulation of 3/4 air volume by arranging the circulating fan, the condenser and the induced air fan to the hot air after the kiln head waste heat passes through the heat exchanger, thereby improving the utilization rate of the kiln head waste heat and the stability and the high efficiency of the system operation;
meanwhile, the belt type dryer provided by the invention can fully spread crushed materials in the main drying chamber through the rotation action of the heat conduction drying device after preliminary drying is finished, at the moment, the heat conduction drying device can form a high heat drying area in the main drying cylinder by using kiln head waste heat, the drying effect of the materials is improved, part of heat flow can form dry hot air after being dehumidified and filtered by the permeable net and directly enters the main drying chamber through each side branch pipe, the drying effect is further improved, and particularly, the rear air injection tube seat can carry out subsequent drying on the crushed materials, and the drying effect is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a belt dryer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inner drying assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bulk material drying assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat-conducting and drying device according to the present invention;
in the figure: the drying machine comprises a 1-belt type drying machine, a 11 main drying carriage, a 12 material guiding belt, a 13 material feeding end piece, a 14 spiral material guiding shaft, a 15 material discharging seat, a 2 inner drying component, a 21 front air injection tube seat, a 22 rear air injection tube seat, a 23 heat collecting tube, a 24 air flow branch tube, a 3 bulk material drying component, a 31 fixed ring seat, a 32 driving tooth seat, a 33 inner tooth fan, a 34 air inlet tube, a 35 circulating tube, a 36 side branch tube, a 37 side fixed tube, a 4 heat conduction drying device, a 41 heat conduction inner piece, a 42 shunt tube, a 43 heat collecting seat, a 44 penetration net, a 45 heat conduction seat, a 46 heat conduction rib rod and a 47 outer discharging piece.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a household garbage drying system using waste heat of a cement kiln includes:
the two-stage crushing device is used for crushing the main body of the household garbage, the grain size of the crushed materials is less than or equal to 80mm, and a shearing crusher is adopted;
the mechanical extrusion dehydration device is communicated with the two-stage crushing device and can carry out external extrusion dehydration on the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
the belt dryer 1 is connected to the discharge end of the mechanical extrusion dehydration device, and the belt dryer 1 uses waste heat of a kiln head of a cement kiln as a heat source to dry materials and controls the water content of the materials to be less than or equal to 30%;
the waste heat hot air circulation system is arranged at the kiln head of the cement kiln, and is used for conveying drying hot air to the belt dryer 1 through a heat exchanger, wherein the directly dried air subjected to heat exchange is subjected to 3/4 air quantity internal circulation after condensed water is removed through a condenser, the internal circulation flue gas supplements fresh air and continues to dry garbage after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, 1/4 air quantity is discharged, and the discharged flue gas is sent to one end of the grate cooler through a No. 2 induced draft fan for treatment; and
the cyclone dust collector is connected to the belt dryer 1, the other end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the condenser, and the condenser is used for treating condensation water in a circulating air process and sending the condensation water into a water treatment system, wherein the implementation process can be divided into three processes: system 1: crushing, drying and kiln loading systems; system 2: a circulating air system; system 3: and the cold air discharge system can utilize waste heat of kiln heads of the cement kiln to carry out drying treatment on the pretreated waste when the waste is pretreated, so that the water content of the waste is reduced, the energy loss caused by adopting independent fuel for drying the waste is reduced, the utilization rate of the waste heat and the efficiency of cooperatively disposing the household waste by the cement kiln are improved, and the reduction, harmlessness and recycling of the household waste are more fully realized.
In this embodiment, the belt dryer 1 includes:
a main drying compartment 11;
the conveying material rack is vertically fixed on one side of the main drying carriage 11, and a spiral material guide shaft 14 is rotatably arranged in the conveying material rack;
a feeding end piece 13 fixed above the transport rack;
a guide belt 12 connected between the feeding end piece 13 and the transport rack;
the inner transmission belt wheels are arranged in the main drying box 11 in a left-right manner and can rotate relatively, and are used for transversely conveying crushed materials;
the inner drying assemblies 2 are correspondingly arranged above the inner transmission belt wheels;
the bulk material drying assembly 3 is arranged in the main drying compartment 11 in a relatively rotatable manner and is positioned between the inner transmission pulleys, and one end of the bulk material drying assembly 3 is communicated with the waste heat hot air circulation system; and
the outer discharging seat 15 is connected to the other side of the main drying chamber 11, that is, the material extruded and crushed by the two-stage crushing device can be conveyed into the main drying chamber by the conveying belt, the main body of the inner drying assembly is dried at the moment, the main body of the inner drying assembly is scattered and dried by the bulk material drying assembly at the middle part of the conveying, the subsequent drying operation is performed, and finally the dried material is discharged to the outside by the outer discharging seat.
As a preferred embodiment, the inner drying assembly 2 includes:
the front air injection tube seats 21 are arranged in the main drying carriage 11, and a plurality of front air injection tube seats 21 are vertically overhead above the inner transmission belt wheel;
the rear air injection tube seat 22 is arranged corresponding to the front air injection tube seat 21 and is vertically overhead above the other inner transmission belt wheel; wherein, a plurality of front-mounted air injection tube seats can form front-mounted drying areas in the main drying carriage, and rear-mounted air injection tube seats can form rear-mounted drying areas in the main drying carriage, thereby improving drying effect
And the heat collection tube 23 is arranged above the main drying chamber 11, and the front air injection tube seat 21 and the rear air injection tube seat 22 are communicated with the heat collection tube 23 through air flow branch tubes 24.
In this embodiment, the bulk material drying assembly 3 includes:
the aggregate seat is embedded and fixed in the middle of the main drying chamber 11;
a fixed ring seat 31 fixed in the aggregate seat;
the heat conduction drying device 4 is arranged in the fixed ring seat 31 in a relatively rotatable manner, a driving tooth seat 32 is arranged on the fixed ring seat 31, and the output end of the driving tooth seat 32 is connected with the heat conduction drying device 4;
the air inlet pipe 34, concentric intercommunication is in on the heat conduction drying device 4, the one end of air inlet pipe 34 pass through heat collection section of thick bamboo 23 with waste heat hot air circulation system is linked together, and wherein, heat conduction drying device can make the material fully diffuse the separation under rotatory effect, and it is synchronous to carry out the heat supply stoving this moment to cooperate the seat that gathers materials to form the high heat stoving district, improve the stoving effect, especially after leading stoving district preliminary stoving, fail to reach the stoving effect for avoiding the bottom material, heat conduction drying device can fully break up the material this moment, and carry out follow-up stoving operation to it by the rear stoving district.
In this embodiment, the heat conduction drying device 4 includes:
a heat-conducting inner member 41 in which a plurality of outer flow control chambers are circumferentially provided;
the shunt tube 42 transversely penetrates through and is fixed at one end of the heat conduction inner member 41, one end of the shunt tube 42 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 34, and side through openings are formed in the shunt tube 42 and located at the positions of the outer flow control cavities;
a heat collection seat 43 disposed inside the heat conduction inner member 41 and located at each of the outer flow control chambers, wherein a drainage channel is disposed in the heat collection seat 43, and a plurality of penetration nets 44 are disposed in the drainage channel;
the heat conduction seat 45 is correspondingly arranged with each external flow control cavity, the heat conduction seat 45 contacts with the heat collection seat 43 through a plurality of heat conduction rib rods 46, the middle part of the heat conduction inner piece 41 is positioned in the shunt pipe 42 and is also provided with an external discharge piece 47, the external discharge piece 47 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the external flow control cavities, wherein waste heat flow of the kiln head of the cement kiln sequentially enters each external flow control cavity and heats the inside of the main body of the heat conduction inner piece from multiple directions, after passing through the heat collection seat, the heat collection seat can absorb heat and store the waste heat flow of the kiln head of the cement kiln continuously heats the heat conduction inner piece through the heat conduction seat, the waste heat flow of the kiln head of the cement kiln is discharged through the external discharge piece, the heat conduction effect is strong, and the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln can be fully utilized.
In this embodiment, the main drying chamber 11 is vertically connected with a circulation pipe 35, one end of the circulation pipe 35 is communicated with the discharging member 47, and the other end of the circulation pipe 35 is connected with a plurality of side branch pipes 36 distributed circumferentially, each side branch pipe 36 is vertically embedded in the material collecting seat, the circulation pipe 35 is also vertically connected with a side fixing pipe 37, especially, the waste heat flow of the kiln head of the cement kiln after dehumidification and drying by the permeable net can flow into the side branch pipes through the circulation pipe and is discharged into the main drying cylinder by the side branch pipes, so that the materials are further dried and dried, and the water vapor in the heat flow of the kiln head of the cement kiln is prevented from wetting the materials again.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of adapter ring seats are further coaxially embedded and fixed in the material collecting seat, and each adapter ring seat is rotatably provided with an inner tooth sector 33, so that the material can be fully scattered under the rotation action by the plurality of inner tooth sectors.
In this embodiment, a method of a household garbage drying system using waste heat of a cement kiln includes the following steps:
s1, collecting: the separated household garbage suitable for kiln burning, namely wet garbage with the water content more than or equal to 65 percent, is sent into a garbage treatment plant by a closed garbage transport vehicle;
s2, crushing: the collected household garbage is sent into a two-stage crushing device through a grab bucket for refining and crushing, so that garbage crushing and primary crushing of large-sized interferents are realized, and the particle size of the materials is ensured to be less than or equal to 80mm;
s3, dehydration: the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement is dehydrated by mechanical extrusion, so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
s4, drying: the dehydrated materials are sent into a belt dryer 1, waste heat of kiln heads of a cement kiln is used as a heat source to dry the materials, wherein the materials are transversely conveyed by an inner conveying belt wheel after entering a main drying chamber 11, at the moment, a front air injection tube seat 21 and a rear air injection tube seat 21 respectively carry out preliminary drying and post drying, the rotation effect of a heat conduction drying device 4 is matched with the rotation effect of a plurality of side branch tubes 36 and an inner toothed fan 33 on an aggregate seat 33 to enable the materials to be completely dispersed and separated, negative pressure drainage is formed, meanwhile, a waste heat hot air circulation system conveys kiln head hot air into each outer flow control cavity of a heat conduction inner part 41, the main heating of the heat conduction inner part 41 is realized through a heat collection seat 43, so that a high heat drying area can be formed in the middle part of the main drying chamber 11, the dried materials can be discharged from the outer discharge seat 15, and the materials with the water content less than or equal to 30% are subjected to kiln burning treatment through the procedure;
s5, heat exchange: after passing through a heat exchanger, the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln is 150-200 ℃, and hot air is used as a heat source of a belt dryer to be sent to a drying procedure; cold air is sent into a kiln head chimney by a No. 1 induced draft fan to be discharged;
s6, circulating air: the hot air subjected to heat exchange is dried and then becomes cold air, the cold air is sent to a condenser after passing through a cyclone dust collector, condensed water is removed and then recycled, wherein 3/4 air quantity is recycled, 1/4 air quantity is discharged outwards and is sent to a grate cooler for one-stage treatment through a No. 2 induced draft fan, and the supplementary fresh air is introduced from kiln head hot air;
s7, condensing: the condensed water used for treating the circulating air procedure is sent into a water treatment system;
s8, kiln burning: the material with the water content less than or equal to 30% is sent into a kiln for incineration disposal.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A household garbage drying system utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the two-stage crushing device is used for crushing the main body of the household garbage, the grain size of the crushed materials is less than or equal to 80mm, and a shearing crusher is adopted;
the mechanical extrusion dehydration device is communicated with the two-stage crushing device and can carry out external extrusion dehydration on the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
the belt dryer (1) is connected to the discharge end of the mechanical extrusion dehydration device, and the belt dryer (1) uses waste heat of a kiln head of a cement kiln as a heat source to dry materials and controls the water content of the materials to be less than or equal to 30%;
the waste heat hot air circulation system is arranged at the kiln head of the cement kiln, and is used for conveying drying hot air to the belt dryer (1) through a heat exchanger, wherein the directly dried air subjected to heat exchange is subjected to 3/4 air quantity internal circulation after condensed water is removed through a condenser, the internal circulation flue gas supplements fresh air and is subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger to continuously dry garbage, 1/4 air quantity is discharged, and the discharged flue gas is sent to one end of the grate cooler through a No. 2 induced draft fan for treatment; and
the cyclone dust collector is connected to the belt dryer (1), the other end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the condenser, and the condenser is used for treating condensed water in a circulating air process and sending the condensed water into a water treatment system;
the belt dryer (1) includes:
a main drying compartment (11);
the conveying material rack is vertically fixed on one side of the main drying carriage (11), and a spiral material guiding shaft (14) is rotatably arranged in the conveying material rack;
a feeding end piece (13) fixed above the transport rack;
a guide belt (12) connected between the feeding end piece (13) and the conveying rack;
the inner transmission belt wheels are arranged in the main drying box (11) in a left-right manner and can rotate relatively, and are used for transversely conveying crushed materials;
the inner drying assemblies (2) are correspondingly arranged above the inner transmission belt wheels;
the bulk material drying assembly (3) is arranged in the main drying compartment (11) in a relatively rotatable manner and is positioned between the inner transmission pulleys, and one end of the bulk material drying assembly (3) is communicated with the waste heat hot air circulation system; and
an outer discharging seat (15) connected to the other side of the main drying chamber (11);
the bulk material drying assembly (3) comprises:
the aggregate seat is embedded and fixed in the middle of the main drying chamber (11);
a fixed ring seat (31) fixed in the material collecting seat;
the heat conduction drying device (4) is arranged in the fixed ring seat (31) in a relatively rotatable manner, a driving tooth seat (32) is arranged on the fixed ring seat (31), and the output end of the driving tooth seat (32) is connected with the heat conduction drying device (4);
an air inlet pipe (34) which is concentrically communicated with the heat conduction drying device (4), wherein one end of the air inlet pipe (34) is communicated with the waste heat hot air circulation system through a heat collection cylinder (23);
the heat conduction drying device (4) comprises:
a heat-conducting inner member (41) in which a plurality of outer flow control chambers are circumferentially provided;
the shunt tubes (42) transversely penetrate through and are fixed at one end of the heat conduction inner piece (41), one end of each shunt tube (42) is communicated with the air inlet pipe (34), and side through openings are formed in the shunt tubes (42) and located at the positions of each outer flow control cavity;
a heat collection seat (43) arranged in the heat conduction inner piece (41) and positioned at each external flow control cavity, a flow discharge channel is arranged in the heat collection seat (43), and a plurality of penetration nets (44) are arranged in the flow discharge channel;
the heat conduction seats (45) are arranged corresponding to the external flow control cavities, the heat conduction seats (45) are in contact with the heat collection seats (43) through a plurality of heat conduction rib rods (46), the middle parts of the heat conduction inner parts (41) are positioned in the shunt pipes (42), the external discharge parts (47) are further provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the external flow control cavities, and the external discharge parts (47) are provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the external flow control cavities;
the main drying chamber (11) is vertically connected with a circulating pipe (35), one end of the circulating pipe (35) is communicated with the outer row of pieces (47), the other end of the circulating pipe (35) is connected with a plurality of side branch pipes (36) which are circumferentially distributed, each side branch pipe (36) is vertically embedded in the collecting seat, and the circulating pipe (35) is also vertically connected with a side fixing pipe (37).
2. The household garbage drying system utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner drying assembly (2) comprises:
the front air injection tube seats (21) are arranged in the main drying carriage (11), and a plurality of the front air injection tube seats (21) are vertically and overhead above the inner transmission belt wheel;
the rear air injection tube seat (22) is arranged corresponding to the front air injection tube seat (21) and is vertically overhead above the other inner transmission belt wheel;
the heat collection tube (23) is arranged above the main drying chamber (11), and the front air injection tube seat (21) and the rear air injection tube seat (22) are communicated with the heat collection tube (23) through air flow branch tubes (24).
3. The household garbage drying system utilizing waste heat of a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of adapter ring seats are fixedly embedded in the aggregate seat in a coaxial mode, and an inner gear sector (33) is rotatably arranged in each adapter ring seat.
4. A method for using the household garbage drying system using the waste heat of the cement kiln, which is characterized in that the household garbage drying system using the waste heat of the cement kiln is adopted according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting: the separated household garbage suitable for kiln burning, namely wet garbage with the water content more than or equal to 65 percent, is sent into a garbage treatment plant by a closed garbage transport vehicle;
s2, crushing: the collected household garbage is sent into a two-stage crushing device through a grab bucket for refining and crushing, so that garbage crushing and primary crushing of large-sized interferents are realized, and the particle size of the materials is ensured to be less than or equal to 80mm;
s3, dehydration: the crushed household garbage meeting the particle size requirement is dehydrated by mechanical extrusion, so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 50%;
s4, drying: the dehydrated materials are sent into a belt dryer (1), waste heat of kiln heads of a cement kiln is used as a heat source to dry the materials, wherein the materials are transversely conveyed by an inner conveying belt wheel after entering a main drying chamber (11), a front air injection tube seat (21) and a rear air injection tube seat (22) are used for respectively carrying out preliminary drying and post drying, the rotation effect of a heat conduction drying device (4) is matched with the rotation effect of a plurality of side branch tubes (36) and an inner tooth fan (33) on an aggregate seat to enable the materials to be completely dispersed and separated, negative pressure drainage is formed, meanwhile, a waste heat hot air circulation system is used for conveying kiln head hot air into each outer flow control cavity of a heat conduction inner part (41), and the main heating of the heat conduction inner part (41) is realized through a heat collection seat (43), so that a high heat drying area can be formed in the middle part of the main drying chamber (11), the dried materials can be discharged from the outer discharge seat (15), and the materials with the water content less than or equal to 30% are subjected to kiln incineration treatment in the process;
s5, heat exchange: after passing through a heat exchanger, the waste heat of the kiln head of the cement kiln is 150-200 ℃, and hot air is used as a heat source of a belt dryer to be sent to a drying procedure; cold air is sent into a kiln head chimney by a No. 1 induced draft fan to be discharged;
s6, circulating air: the hot air subjected to heat exchange is dried and then becomes cold air, the cold air is sent to a condenser after passing through a cyclone dust collector, condensed water is removed and then recycled, wherein 3/4 air quantity is recycled, 1/4 air quantity is discharged outwards and is sent to a grate cooler for one-stage treatment through a No. 2 induced draft fan, and the supplementary fresh air is introduced from kiln head hot air;
s7, condensing: the condensed water used for treating the circulating air procedure is sent into a water treatment system;
s8, kiln burning: the material with the water content less than or equal to 30% is sent into a kiln for incineration disposal.
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| CN116067163B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2024-05-10 | 中国中材国际工程股份有限公司 | System and process for drying chlorine-containing powder chlorine-removing filter residues through low-temperature waste gas in kiln head |
| CN116625060B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-09-19 | 河南省双碳研究院有限公司 | Equipment for liquefying carbon dioxide in kitchen waste volatile gas |
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