CN115430255A - Air water and carbon capturing system and method of coupling heat pump - Google Patents
Air water and carbon capturing system and method of coupling heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN115430255A CN115430255A CN202211087882.0A CN202211087882A CN115430255A CN 115430255 A CN115430255 A CN 115430255A CN 202211087882 A CN202211087882 A CN 202211087882A CN 115430255 A CN115430255 A CN 115430255A
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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Abstract
The application provides a system and a method for catching water and carbon by air coupled with a heat pump. Wherein, this system includes: the system comprises a plurality of carbon dioxide adsorbers, a heat pump unit, a water separation storage unit and a carbon dioxide storage unit; each carbon dioxide adsorber is respectively connected with a corresponding dewatering air pipeline, a corresponding clean air pipeline, a corresponding thermal desorption medium pipeline and a corresponding desorption gas pipeline; the inlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with a raw air pipeline, and the outlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with a water separation storage unit; the inlet of the condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with the desorption medium pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with the total heat desorption medium pipeline; the water separation storage unit is connected with the total water removal air pipeline; the carbon dioxide storage unit is respectively connected with the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber. According to the scheme, on one hand, the energy consumption of the system can be reduced by utilizing the heat pump technology, on the other hand, the carbon dioxide capture efficiency can be improved, and the purpose of capturing water is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water and carbon dioxide capture, in particular to a system and a method for capturing water and carbon by air coupled with a heat pump.
Background
With global climate change, carbon dioxide emission reduction technology is receiving more and more attention; in addition to the conventional abatement of carbon dioxide from industrial sources, the capture of carbon dioxide directly from air has also become a worldwide focus as a viable carbon dioxide abatement technology route.
The adsorption method is a main method for capturing carbon dioxide from air, and generally, a fixed bed adsorbent is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in air, and then a thermal desorption medium such as steam is used for heating the adsorbent to desorb the carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide in the air is removed. However, because the moisture content in the air is much higher than that of the carbon dioxide, when the adsorption method is actually applied to directly capture the carbon dioxide in the air, the moisture and the carbon dioxide generate competitive adsorption, so that the adsorption amount of the quantitative adsorbent to the carbon dioxide is reduced, the capture efficiency of the carbon dioxide is seriously influenced, and the capture energy consumption of the carbon dioxide is increased.
In addition, in arid regions such as desert, gobi and the like, the shortage of fresh water and the capture of water from the air also become an important technical approach for relieving the shortage of water resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a system and method for air water and carbon capture coupled with a heat pump.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a system for air water carbon capture coupled to a heat pump, comprising: a plurality of carbon dioxide adsorbers, heat pump units, water separation storage units, and carbon dioxide storage units; wherein:
each carbon dioxide adsorber is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in water-removed air and desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the heated desorption medium; each carbon dioxide adsorber is respectively connected with a corresponding water removal air pipeline, a corresponding clean air pipeline, a corresponding thermal desorption medium pipeline and a corresponding desorption gas pipeline;
the heat pump unit is used for cooling the original air and heating the desorption medium; an inlet of an evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with a raw air pipeline, and an outlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with the water separation storage unit; an inlet of a condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with a desorption medium pipeline, an outlet of the condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with a total thermal desorption medium pipeline, and the total thermal desorption medium pipeline is respectively connected with a thermal desorption medium pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber;
the water separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air and storing the obtained water; the water separation storage unit is connected with a total water removal air pipeline, and the total water removal air pipeline is respectively connected with a water removal air pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber;
the carbon dioxide storage unit is used for storing carbon dioxide in the desorption gas; the carbon dioxide storage unit is respectively connected with the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber.
In some embodiments of the present application, the water removal air pipeline connected to each of the carbon dioxide adsorbers is provided with a water removal air inlet valve; a clearance gas exhaust valve is arranged on a clearance gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; a medium air inlet valve is arranged on the thermal desorption medium pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; and a desorption gas exhaust valve is arranged on a desorption gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber.
As an embodiment, the water separation storage unit comprises a gas-liquid separator and a water storage tank; wherein:
the gas-liquid separator is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air; a gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of an evaporator of the heat pump unit; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the total dewatering air pipeline; and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the water storage tank.
In some embodiments of the present application, the system further comprises an induced draft fan; wherein:
the draught fan is respectively connected with each net air pipeline corresponding to the carbon dioxide adsorber to discharge the clean air after carbon dioxide adsorption.
In some embodiments of the present application, the desorption medium is pure carbon dioxide gas.
As an embodiment, the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a vacuum pump, a compressor and a carbon dioxide storage tank; wherein:
the inlet of the vacuum pump is respectively connected with the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber so as to discharge the desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
the inlet of the compressor is connected with the outlet of the vacuum pump and is used for compressing the desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
and the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected with an outlet of the compressor and is used for storing the compressed liquid carbon dioxide.
Wherein, each carbon dioxide adsorber is provided with a carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared by modifying a porous base material and organic amine.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for air water capture carbon capture coupled with a heat pump, the method being applied to the system for air water capture carbon capture coupled with a heat pump of the first aspect, comprising:
an evaporator in the heat pump unit cools the raw air;
the water separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air and storing the obtained water;
the carbon dioxide adsorber in the adsorption process adsorbs carbon dioxide in the dehydrated air to obtain clean air;
a condenser in the heat pump unit heats a desorption medium;
the carbon dioxide adsorber in the desorption process desorbs the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the heated desorption medium to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
the carbon dioxide storage unit stores the desorbed carbon dioxide gas.
According to the technical scheme of this application, cool down through heat pump unit to raw air to carry out gas-liquid separation through separating the former air of storage unit after to cooling, with the moisture to in the raw air is catched, the carbon dioxide adsorber adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the air after the dewatering, obtains clean air, and in addition, the carbon dioxide adsorber is under the effect of desorption medium through heat pump unit heating back, desorbs the carbon dioxide that has already adsorbed, thereby realize the simultaneous entrapment of water and carbon dioxide in the air. According to the scheme, the heat pump unit is used for converting low-grade heat energy in the air into high-grade heat energy which can be used for carbon dioxide desorption, so that not only can the energy consumption of a system be reduced, but also the moisture in the original air can be trapped, and the heat pump unit has important significance on water demand in arid regions. In addition, carry out the dewatering of cooling to former air, not only can reduce the competition of carbon dioxide adsorption stage in-water and adsorb, also can improve the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in the air, promote the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide, alleviate the climate change that greenhouse gas caused.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air water and carbon capture system coupled to a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for capturing carbon from air by water capture coupled with a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals:
a first carbon dioxide adsorber, 101; a second carbon dioxide adsorber, 102; a heat pump unit, 103; throttle valve, 103-1; evaporator, 103-2; a first compressor, 103-3; 103-4 parts of a condenser; a water separation storage unit, 104; 104-1 of a gas-liquid separator; 104-2 parts of a water storage tank; a carbon dioxide storage unit, 105; vacuum pump, 105-1; a second compressor, 105-2; 105-3 parts of a carbon dioxide storage tank; an induced draft fan, 106; a first de-watering air conduit, L1; a first clean air duct, L2; a first thermal desorption media conduit, L3; a first desorption gas conduit L4; a second de-watering air duct, L5; a second clean air duct, L6; a second thermal desorption medium conduit, L7; a second stripping gas line, L8; original air line, L9; a desorption medium conduit, L10; total thermal desorption medium conduit, L11; total de-aeration line, L12; a first moisture inlet valve, V1; a first air exhaust vent valve, V2; a first medium inlet valve, V3; a first stripping gas exhaust valve, V4; a second moisture inlet valve, V5; a second clean air exhaust valve, V6; a second medium inlet valve, V7; second stripping gas exhaust valve, V8.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
It should be noted that with global climate change, carbon dioxide emission reduction technology is receiving more and more attention; in addition to the conventional abatement of carbon dioxide from industrial sources, the capture of carbon dioxide directly from air has also become a worldwide focus as a viable carbon dioxide abatement technology route. However, since the moisture content in the air is much higher than that of carbon dioxide, the presence of water seriously affects the efficiency of carbon dioxide capture when carbon dioxide is directly captured by the adsorption method.
In the related art, carbon dioxide in the trapped air is generally physically or chemically adsorbed by using a porous solid adsorbent such as activated carbon or amino carbon dioxide by an adsorption method. However, air contains much more water than carbon dioxide, and the water concentration is typically more than an order of magnitude higher than the carbon dioxide concentration (about 400 ppm). When the carbon dioxide is removed from the air by using the conventional adsorption method, water in the air and the carbon dioxide generate competitive adsorption, and the adsorption capacity and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent to the carbon dioxide are reduced. In addition, in arid regions such as desert, gobi and the like, fresh water shortage and water capture from the air also become an important technical way for relieving water resource shortage.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a system and method for air water and carbon capture coupled with a heat pump.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system for water capture and carbon capture of air coupled with a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The system comprises: the system comprises a plurality of carbon dioxide adsorbers, a heat pump unit, a water separation storage unit and a carbon dioxide storage unit. The number of the carbon dioxide adsorbers may be multiple, and the specific number may be determined based on actual needs, and fig. 1 illustrates two carbon dioxide adsorbers as an example. As shown in fig. 1, the system includes: a first carbon dioxide adsorber 101, a second carbon dioxide adsorber 102, a heat pump unit 103, a water separation storage unit 104, and a carbon dioxide storage unit 105.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 and the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 are both configured to adsorb carbon dioxide from the water-removed air and desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide with a heated desorption medium. Each carbon dioxide adsorber is respectively connected with a corresponding dewatering air pipeline, a corresponding clean air pipeline, a corresponding thermal desorption medium pipeline and a corresponding desorption gas pipeline, wherein the corresponding connecting port of the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 is respectively connected with the first dewatering air pipeline L01, the first clean air pipeline L02, the first thermal desorption medium pipeline L03 and the first desorption gas pipeline L04. The corresponding connection ports of the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 are respectively connected with a second water removal air pipeline L05, a second clean air pipeline L06, a second thermal desorption medium pipeline L07 and a second desorption gas pipeline L08. The first water removal air pipeline L01 and the second water removal air pipeline L05 are pipelines for removing water in the original air, the first clean air pipeline L02 and the second clean air pipeline L06 are pipelines for discharging clean air from which carbon dioxide and water are removed, the first thermal desorption medium pipeline L03 and the second thermal desorption medium pipeline L07 are pipelines for conveying heated desorption media, and the first desorption gas pipeline L04 and the second desorption gas pipeline L08 are pipelines for discharging captured carbon dioxide.
In one embodiment, a water removal air inlet valve is installed on a water removal air pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; a clearance gas exhaust valve is arranged on a clearance gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; a medium air inlet valve is arranged on the thermal desorption medium pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; and a desorption gas exhaust valve is arranged on a desorption gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber. As shown in fig. 1, a first moisture removal air inlet valve V1 is installed on the first moisture removal air pipeline L01, a first moisture removal air outlet valve V2 is installed on the first moisture removal air pipeline L02, a first medium inlet valve V3 is installed on the first thermal desorption medium pipeline L03, a first desorption air outlet valve V4 is installed on the first desorption air pipeline L04, a second moisture removal air inlet valve V5 is installed on the second moisture removal air pipeline L05, a second moisture removal air inlet valve V6 is installed on the second moisture removal air pipeline L06, a second medium inlet valve V7 is installed on the second thermal desorption medium pipeline L07, and a second desorption air outlet valve V8 is installed on the second desorption air pipeline L08. Since each carbon dioxide adsorber cannot perform the adsorption process and the desorption process at the same time, the respective carbon dioxide adsorbers may be controlled to perform the desorption process or the switching of the adsorption process through the above intake and exhaust valves.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, a first moisture removal air inlet valve V1 on a first moisture removal air pipeline L01 and a first clear air outlet valve V2 on a first clear air pipeline L02 connected to a first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 are opened, a first medium inlet valve V3 on a first thermal desorption medium pipeline L03 and a first desorption air outlet valve V4 on a first desorption air pipeline L04 connected to the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 are closed, a second moisture removal air inlet valve V5 on a second moisture removal air pipeline L05 and a second clear air outlet valve V6 on a second clear air pipeline L06 connected to a second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 are closed, and a second medium inlet valve V7 on a second thermal desorption medium pipeline L07 and a second desorption air outlet valve V8 on a second desorption air pipeline L08 connected to the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 are opened. Thus, the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 is in the adsorption process, and the second carbon dioxide adsorber is in the desorption process.
In some embodiments of the present application, each carbon dioxide adsorber is disposed with a carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared based on modification of a porous substrate (e.g., zeolite, silica gel, molecular sieve, metal organic framework, etc.) with an organic amine.
In some embodiments of the present application, the heat pump unit 103 is used to cool the raw air and to heat the desorption medium. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump unit 103 includes a throttle valve 103-1, an evaporator 103-2, a first compressor 103-3, and a condenser 103-4. An inlet of the evaporator 103-2 in the heat pump unit 103 is connected to the raw air pipe L09, and an outlet of the evaporator 103-2 in the heat pump unit 103 is connected to the water separation storage unit 104. An inlet of the condenser 103-4 in the heat pump unit 103 is connected to the desorption medium pipe L10, an outlet of the condenser 103-4 in the heat pump unit 103 is connected to the total thermal desorption medium pipe L11, and the total thermal desorption medium pipe L11 is connected to the first thermal desorption medium pipe L03 and the second thermal desorption medium pipe L07, respectively. The original air pipeline L09 is a pipeline for conveying original air, the desorption medium pipeline L10 is a pipeline for conveying desorption medium, and the total thermal desorption medium pipeline L11 is a total pipeline for conveying heated desorption medium.
The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the heat pump unit 103 is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas through the first compressor 103-3, the compressed refrigerant enters the condenser 103-4 to be liquefied, the heat released by the refrigerant is changed into liquid, the released heat is absorbed by the desorption medium, the temperature of the desorption medium is increased, the pressure of the liquid refrigerant is reduced after the liquid refrigerant passes through the throttle valve 103-1, the refrigerant with the reduced pressure absorbs the heat of the original air under the action of the evaporator 103-2 to be changed into low-pressure gas, meanwhile, the temperature of the original air is reduced under the action of the evaporator 103-2, and the released heat is absorbed by the refrigerant, so that the moisture in the original air is condensed. Then, the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the first compressor 103-3 again, and the whole refrigerant cycle is completed.
In addition, the water separation storage unit 104 is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air, and store the obtained water. The water separation storage unit 104 is connected to a total water removal air line L12, and the total water removal air line is connected to a first water removal air line L01 and a second water removal air line L05, respectively.
The water separation storage unit 104 may include a gas-liquid separator 104-1 and a water storage tank 104-2, as an embodiment. Wherein, the gas-liquid separator 104-1 is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air. The gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator 104-1 is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 103-2 of the heat pump unit 103. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 104-1 is connected to the total dewatering air line L12, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 104-1 is connected to the water storage tank 104-2. That is, after the raw air passes through the evaporator 103-2 in the heat pump unit 103, the temperature is reduced, the moisture in the raw air is condensed, and after passing through the gas-liquid separator 104-1, the liquid moisture in the raw air with the reduced temperature is separated from the gas, wherein the liquid moisture enters the water storage tank for storage, and the gas after the water removal is discharged through the total water removal air pipeline L12.
In some embodiments of the present application, the system may further include an induced draft fan 106, and the induced draft fan 106 is respectively connected to the empty air pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber to discharge the clean air after carbon dioxide adsorption. As shown in fig. 1, the induced draft fan 106 is connected to a first clean air pipeline L02 corresponding to the first carbon dioxide adsorber and a second clean air pipeline L06 corresponding to the second carbon dioxide adsorber, respectively, and if the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 is in an adsorption process, the air from which water is removed enters the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 from the total water removal air pipeline L12 through the first water removal air pipeline L01 under the action of the induced draft fan 106, and the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 adsorbs carbon dioxide in the water removal air and discharges clean air from the first clean air pipeline L02.
Further, the carbon dioxide storage unit 105 is used to store carbon dioxide in the desorption gas. The carbon dioxide storage unit 105 is respectively connected with the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber. As shown in fig. 1, the carbon dioxide storage unit 105 is connected to a first desorption gas pipe L04 and a second desorption gas pipe L08, respectively. Since the desorbed gas includes both the desorption medium and the carbon dioxide gas obtained by desorption, if the desorption medium is other non-carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide storage unit 105 needs to separate the carbon dioxide gas in the desorbed gas first, and then store the carbon dioxide gas obtained after separation.
In some embodiments of the present application, the desorption medium may be pure carbon dioxide gas, in which case the carbon dioxide storage unit 105 may directly store the desorption gas. As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide storage unit may include a vacuum pump 105-1, a second compressor 105-2, and a carbon dioxide storage tank 105-3. Wherein, the inlet of the vacuum pump 105-1 is connected to the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber respectively to discharge the desorbed carbon dioxide gas, that is, the inlet of the vacuum pump 105-1 is connected to the first desorption gas pipeline L04 and the second desorption gas pipeline L08 respectively to discharge the desorbed carbon dioxide gas. An inlet of the second compressor 105-2 is connected to an outlet of the vacuum pump 105-1 for compressing the desorbed carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide storage tank 105-3 is connected with an outlet of the second compressor 105-2 and is used for storing the compressed liquid carbon dioxide.
As an example, if the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 is in the desorption process, under the action of the vacuum pump 105-1, the heated desorption medium enters the second thermal desorption medium pipeline L07 through the total thermal desorption medium pipeline L11, so that the heated desorption medium enters the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102, under the action of the heated desorption medium, the carbon dioxide adsorbent in the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 absorbs heat to perform a physicochemical reaction, so as to desorb the carbon dioxide, and the desorbed gas is discharged through the second desorbed gas pipeline L08, and after compression, liquid carbon dioxide is obtained and stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank 105-3.
The operation principle of the air water and carbon capturing system based on the coupled heat pump in the embodiment of the present application will be described as an example of an application scenario. For example, the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 in fig. 1 is in an adsorption process and the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 is in a desorption process. The raw air is heated and cooled to 5-25 ℃ in the evaporator 103-2, so that the moisture in the raw air is cooled and condensed, then the condensed water is separated under the action of a filter screen in the gas-liquid separator 104-1, the condensed water enters the water storage tank 104-2, the air after water removal enters the first carbon dioxide adsorber 101 to adsorb the carbon dioxide in the air after water removal, and the obtained clean air is discharged to the atmosphere under the action of the induced draft fan 106. The desorption medium absorbs the heat of a refrigerant in the condenser 103-4 and is heated to 60-100 ℃, the heated desorption medium enters the second carbon dioxide adsorber 102 under the action of the vacuum pump 105-1 to desorb carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide gas obtained after desorption is led out through the vacuum pump 105-1, is pressurized by the second compressor 105-2 and is sent to the carbon dioxide storage tank 105-3 to be stored.
That is to say, this scheme is through heat pump unit, with the moisture cooling condensation in the former air, when catching water, realizes detaching the moisture in the air before the carbon dioxide adsorbs to avoid the competitive adsorption of water, and utilize the big characteristics of carbon dioxide adsorption capacity under the low temperature condition, improve the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in the air, in order to promote carbon dioxide capture efficiency. The heat pump unit heats the desorption medium by utilizing the heat released by the original air cooling so as to realize the desorption of the carbon dioxide in the corresponding carbon dioxide adsorber, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.
It should be noted that, in the system for water capture and carbon capture by air coupled with a heat pump according to the embodiment of the present application, the number of the carbon dioxide adsorbers is multiple, and the multiple carbon dioxide adsorbers include both the carbon dioxide adsorber in the adsorption process and the carbon dioxide adsorber in the desorption process by controlling the corresponding exhaust valve and intake valve. That is, the temperature of the raw air is reduced by the evaporator of the heat pump unit, the water-removed air obtained after gas-liquid separation enters the carbon dioxide adsorber in the adsorption process, the clean air is discharged through adsorption, meanwhile, the desorption medium is heated by the condenser of the heat pump unit, the heated desorption medium enters the carbon dioxide adsorber in the desorption process, so that the carbon dioxide adsorbent in the corresponding carbon dioxide adsorber absorbs heat and realizes the desorption process of carbon dioxide, and the desorption gas is discharged. Wherein the number of carbon dioxide adsorbers in the adsorption process and the number of carbon dioxide adsorbers in the desorption process may be determined based on actual application.
As an example, if the system for air water capture and carbon capture coupled with the heat pump comprises three carbon dioxide adsorbers, a heat pump unit, a gas-liquid separator, a water storage tank and a carbon dioxide storage unit, and the three carbon dioxide adsorbers are respectively a carbon dioxide adsorber 1, a carbon dioxide adsorber 2 and a carbon dioxide adsorber 3. The first air inlet valve and the first exhaust valve of the carbon dioxide adsorber 1 and the carbon dioxide adsorber 2 are opened, the second air inlet valve and the second exhaust valve of the carbon dioxide adsorber 3 are opened, namely the carbon dioxide adsorber 1 and the carbon dioxide adsorber 2 are in the adsorption process, and the carbon dioxide adsorber 3 is in the desorption process. The working principle of the air water and carbon catching system of the coupling heat pump comprises the following steps: the temperature of raw air entering an evaporator of a heat pump unit is reduced, so that moisture in the raw air is cooled and condensed, then condensed water is separated under the action of a filter screen in a gas-liquid separator, the condensed water enters a water storage tank, the air after water removal enters a carbon dioxide adsorber 1 and a carbon dioxide adsorber 2 so as to adsorb carbon dioxide in the air after water removal, and the obtained clean air is discharged to the atmosphere under the action of a draught fan. The desorption medium is pure carbon dioxide gas, the desorption medium absorbs the heat of a refrigerant in a condenser of the heat pump unit, the heated desorption medium enters the carbon dioxide adsorber 3 to desorb the carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide gas obtained after desorption enters the carbon dioxide storage unit to be stored.
According to the system for water and carbon capture by air coupled with the heat pump, the heat pump unit is used for cooling the raw air, the water separation storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air so as to capture the moisture in the raw air, the carbon dioxide adsorber is used for adsorbing the carbon dioxide in the air after water removal to obtain clean air, and in addition, the carbon dioxide adsorber is used for desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the desorption medium heated by the heat pump unit so as to capture water and carbon dioxide in the air at the same time. According to the scheme, the heat pump unit is used for converting low-grade heat energy in the air into high-grade heat energy for carbon dioxide desorption, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced, the moisture in the original air can be captured, and the heat pump unit has important significance on water demand in arid regions. In addition, carry out the cooling dewatering to former air, not only can reduce the competitive adsorption of carbon dioxide adsorption stage normal water, also can improve the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in the air, promote carbon dioxide's capture efficiency, alleviate the climatic change that greenhouse gas caused.
To achieve the above embodiments, the present application provides a method of air water carbon capture coupled to a heat pump.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for capturing carbon from air by water capture coupled with a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to the air water and carbon catching system coupled with the heat pump in the embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the method may include:
As shown in fig. 1, the raw air enters an evaporator 103-1 in the heat pump unit 103, and the evaporator 103-1 absorbs heat of the raw air to lower the temperature of the raw air, so that moisture in the raw air is cooled and condensed.
And step 202, performing gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air by using a water separation storage unit, and storing the obtained water.
That is, the gas obtained after gas-liquid separation is the gas obtained by dehydrating the original air, and enters the carbon dioxide adsorber in the adsorption process through the dehydration air pipeline, and the corresponding carbon dioxide adsorber adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the dehydrated air and discharges the clean air.
And step 204, the condenser in the heat pump unit heats the desorption medium.
As shown in fig. 1, the desorption medium enters the condenser 103-4 in the heat pump unit 103, and the desorption medium absorbs heat released from the condenser 103-4 to achieve heating treatment of the desorption medium.
And step 205, desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide adsorber in the desorption process under the action of the heated desorption medium to obtain carbon dioxide gas desorbed.
That is to say, this scheme is through heat pump unit, with the moisture cooling condensation in the former air, when catching water, realizes detaching the moisture in the air before the carbon dioxide adsorbs to avoid the competitive adsorption of water, and utilize the big characteristics of carbon dioxide adsorption capacity under the low temperature condition, improve the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in the air, in order to promote carbon dioxide capture efficiency. The heat pump unit heats the desorption medium by utilizing the heat released by the original air cooling so as to realize the desorption of the carbon dioxide in the corresponding carbon dioxide adsorber, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.
And step 206, the carbon dioxide storage unit stores the desorbed carbon dioxide gas.
According to the air water-catching and carbon-catching system of the coupling heat pump, the heat pump unit is used for cooling the raw air, the water-separating storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air so as to catch the moisture in the raw air, the carbon dioxide adsorber is used for adsorbing the carbon dioxide in the air after water removal to obtain clean air, and in addition, the carbon dioxide adsorber is used for desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the desorption medium heated by the heat pump unit so as to realize simultaneous collection of water and carbon dioxide in the air. According to the scheme, the heat pump unit is used for converting low-grade heat energy in the air into high-grade heat energy for carbon dioxide desorption, so that the energy consumption of a system can be reduced, the capture of moisture in the original air can be realized, and the heat pump unit has important significance on water demand in arid regions. In addition, carry out the dewatering of cooling to former air, not only can reduce the competition of carbon dioxide adsorption stage in-water and adsorb, also can improve the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide in the air, promote the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide, alleviate the climate change that greenhouse gas caused.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A system for air water and carbon capture coupled to a heat pump, comprising: a plurality of carbon dioxide adsorbers, heat pump units, water separation storage units, and carbon dioxide storage units; wherein:
each carbon dioxide adsorber is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in water-removed air and desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the heated desorption medium; each carbon dioxide adsorber is respectively connected with a corresponding water removal air pipeline, a corresponding clean air pipeline, a corresponding thermal desorption medium pipeline and a corresponding desorption gas pipeline;
the heat pump unit is used for cooling the original air and heating the desorption medium; an inlet of an evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with a raw air pipeline, and an outlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit is connected with the water separation storage unit; an inlet of a condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with a desorption medium pipeline, an outlet of the condenser in the heat pump unit is connected with a total thermal desorption medium pipeline, and the total thermal desorption medium pipeline is respectively connected with a thermal desorption medium pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber;
the water separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air and storing the obtained water; the water separation storage unit is connected with a total water removal air pipeline, and the total water removal air pipeline is respectively connected with a water removal air pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber;
the carbon dioxide storage unit is used for storing carbon dioxide in the desorption gas; the carbon dioxide storage unit is respectively connected with the desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the water removal air line to which each of the carbon dioxide adsorbers is connected is fitted with a water removal air inlet valve; a clearance gas exhaust valve is arranged on a clearance gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; a medium air inlet valve is arranged on the thermal desorption medium pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber; and a desorption gas exhaust valve is arranged on a desorption gas pipeline connected with each carbon dioxide adsorber.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the water separation storage unit comprises a gas-liquid separator and a water storage tank; wherein:
the gas-liquid separator is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air; a gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of an evaporator of the heat pump unit; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the total dewatering air pipeline; and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the water storage tank.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising an induced draft fan; wherein:
the draught fan is respectively connected with each clearance air pipeline corresponding to the carbon dioxide adsorber to discharge the clean air after the carbon dioxide adsorption.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the desorption medium is pure carbon dioxide gas.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a vacuum pump, a compressor, and a carbon dioxide storage tank; wherein:
an inlet of the vacuum pump is respectively connected with a desorption gas pipeline corresponding to each carbon dioxide adsorber so as to discharge the desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
the inlet of the compressor is connected with the outlet of the vacuum pump and is used for compressing the desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
and the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected with an outlet of the compressor and is used for storing the compressed liquid carbon dioxide.
7. The system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein each of the carbon dioxide adsorbers has disposed therein a carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared based on modification of a porous substrate with an organic amine.
8. A method for capturing carbon in water coupled with a heat pump, wherein the method is applied to the system for capturing carbon in water coupled with a heat pump as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
an evaporator in the heat pump unit cools the raw air;
the water separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the cooled raw air and storing the obtained water;
the carbon dioxide adsorber in the adsorption process adsorbs carbon dioxide in the dehydrated air to obtain clean air;
a condenser in the heat pump unit heats the desorption medium;
the carbon dioxide adsorber in the desorption process desorbs the adsorbed carbon dioxide under the action of the heated desorption medium to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide gas;
the carbon dioxide storage unit stores the desorbed carbon dioxide gas.
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