CN115417703B - Method for carrying out nonferrous metal tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as main raw material - Google Patents
Method for carrying out nonferrous metal tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as main raw material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out the soil formation of nonferrous metal tailings by using volcanic ash as a main raw material, which comprises the steps of adding volcanic ash soil into the nonferrous metal tailings according to a certain proportion, applying lime powder to improve the activity of the volcanic ash, adding agricultural solid waste, farmyard manure, an EM (effective microorganism) microbial inoculum, silicate bacteria and a water-retaining agent into the volcanic ash after the activation reaction of the volcanic ash is finished, fermenting, finally planting green plants, and carrying out manual maintenance. The activated volcanic ash can adsorb sulfur-containing compounds and heavy metals in tailings, and simultaneously maintain the soil in a loose ventilation state, so that the air permeability of the soil is improved; the organic matters, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and other fertility indexes in the fermented tailings are improved, and the method has the advantages of promoting the release of inorganic nutrient elements, preserving water and preserving soil moisture. The method is simple to operate, reduces the damage of nonferrous metal tailings to the surrounding environment, solves the problem of stockpiling of agricultural solid wastes, and has great practical significance for the soil treatment of the tailings and the recycling of the agricultural solid wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for converting nonferrous metal tailings into soil by using volcanic ash as a main raw material.
Background
The method is a mining large country, mineral resources are continuously developed and utilized along with the rapid development of economy, the scale and the number of various metal mines are increased, and the tailings of the concentrating mills are also increased sharply. The stock of the nonferrous metal tailings in China at present is over 150 hundred million t, but the comprehensive utilization level of the metal tailings is lower, the comprehensive utilization rate of the tailings waste is only 60%, and the tailings become solid waste with the largest current output and the largest stock in China. The large amount of the tailings can cause serious damage to the surrounding ecological environment, influence ecological sustainable development and damage the life and property safety of vast people, and heavy metals in the nonferrous metal tailings can flow into the groundwater to cause great harm.
Soil is a system consisting of solid, liquid and gaseous materials. Its basic components are minerals, organic matter, moisture and air. These components are bound to each other, interdependence and mutual restriction in the soil. In the last half century, the rapid expansion of the global population has led to a large expansion of urban scale, which leads to a drastic reduction of the cultivated area and a drastic increase of the soil reseeding index, with a consequent continuous decline of the soil cultivated and self-feeding capacity. Therefore, in combination with the current situation that nonferrous metal tailings are accumulated in a large quantity in China and urgent need for recycling, the development of a method for recycling nonferrous metal tailings is very necessary.
Volcanic ash is a broken stone and mineral particles having a diameter of less than 2 mm which are erupted from volcanic, and in explosive volcanic sports, solid stone and slurry are decomposed into fine particles to form volcanic ash, and a large amount of volcanic ash is deposited near the volcanic vent and the long-term deposition is mixed with surrounding soil. The volcanic ash has the characteristics of coarse texture, high porosity and high fertility, can keep the soil in a loose and ventilated state, increases the water-retaining and ventilation capacity of the soil, and provides a nutritional environment for planted plants. Therefore, the improvement of the quality and the utilization value of the soil after the improvement can be achieved by using the volcanic ash as the main raw material to carry out the soil formation of the metal tailings.
At present, no widely accepted ideal method exists for the problem of the nonferrous metal tailings soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material. For example, a method for the soil formation of iron tailings (CN 201811102129.8) has been proposed in which a drain trench is provided in the leveled tailings, a water-retaining agent, a modifier and a microbial agent are added to the soil to soil the iron tailings, and then green plants are planted thereon. However, the effect of planting green plants after soil formation is not good because the microbial agent is not sprayed to increase the nutrients of the soil after the water-retaining agent and the modifier are added. A method for improving saline-alkali soil (CN 202111325186.4) for garden planting, which is to prepare planting soil by taking turfy soil, organic fertilizer, volcanic ash and desulfurized gypsum as main raw materials, and backfill the planting soil for improving the alkaline soil. However, the method does not directly improve the soil, and the purposes of fully utilizing the soil resources and sustainable utilization of the resources are not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for converting nonferrous metal tailings into soil by using volcanic ash as a main raw material.
The object of the invention is achieved in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly flattening a tailing land;
s2, digging a ditch on the leveled tailing ground, and dividing the tailing ground into a plurality of rectangular areas;
s3, uniformly applying volcanic ash and lime on each rectangular area obtained in the step (2) in proportion and ploughing;
s4, adding agricultural solid waste, farmyard manure, EM microbial inoculum, silicate bacteria and water-retaining agent on the tailing land after the volcanic ash and lime fully react in the step 3, and carrying out composting fermentation;
and S5, finally, planting green plants on the tailings after fermentation, and performing manual maintenance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the method adopts the activated volcanic ash as a main raw material to carry out the soil formation of the metal tailings, and has the characteristics of large internal specific surface area, small specific gravity, low hydration heat and the like, so that the soil formation effect of the tailings can be greatly improved;
2. the method directly operates and arranges the metal tailings pond surface, and has lower overall operation cost;
3. the main raw materials (volcanic ash) used in the method have wide sources, low cost, large quantity and sufficient supply and are easy to obtain;
4. the method of the invention uses the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure to carry out composting fermentation, thereby solving the problem of piling up the agricultural solid waste and improving the fertility of the soil.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below without limiting the invention in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teachings of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a method for carrying out nonferrous metal tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, leveling a tailing ground, wherein the ground cannot have a region with large concave-convex amplitude;
s2, digging a ditch on the leveled tailing land in the step 1, and dividing the tailing land into smaller rectangular areas;
s3, uniformly applying volcanic ash and lime on each rectangular area in the step (2) in proportion and turning over;
s4, adding a certain amount of agricultural solid waste, farmyard manure, EM microbial inoculum, silicate bacteria and water-retaining agent on the tailings after the volcanic ash and lime fully react in the step 3, and carrying out composting fermentation;
s5, planting green plants on the tailings after fermentation in the step 4;
s6, manually curing the green plants planted in the step 5.
Further, the leveling area in the step (1) is an area except the top of the metal tailing pond.
Further, in the step (2), the tailing area is divided into rectangular areas with the length of 2.5-2.8 meters and the width of 1.5-1.8 meters.
Further, in the step (2), the HSWG-170 type mini-tiller is utilized to dig ditches, and each ditch is 0.5-0.6 m deep.
Further, in the step (3), volcanic ash is applied to each rectangular area of the tailing field to uniformly cover the tailing field, and the volcanic ash is used in the amount200-220 kg/100m 2 。
Further, the volcanic ash used in the step (3) is obtained from the county of Baoshan, yunnan province, and contains the same components as the common volcanic ash.
Further, the volcanic ash is applied in the step (3), and then lime powder is applied, wherein the dosage of the lime powder is 20-50% of the weight of the volcanic ash by weight.
And (3) turning the slaked lime after the slaked lime is applied, so that the volcanic ash and the lime are fully contacted for activation reaction.
Further, in the step (3), the volcanic ash is applied and then lime powder is applied, and a certain amount of active SiO exists in the volcanic ash mixture 2 、Al 2 O 3 An equal active component, which absorbs Ca (OH) 2 ，Ca(OH) 2 By breaking and releasing SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And a crystal structure of alkali attack, so that SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 With calcium oxide, i.e. in alkaline medium, the vitreous is subjected to a hydrolysis process which brings silicate and aluminate ions into solution, with Ca 2+ And Mg (magnesium) 2+ The ions form very low solubility product phases, calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate.
Furthermore, the activated volcanic ash in the step (3) has large specific surface area, small specific gravity, low hydration heat and better sulfate erosion resistance, can adsorb sulfur-containing compounds and heavy metals in the tailings, improves the defects of tailing compactness and the environment of a tailing pond, is beneficial to improving fertility, and simultaneously releases the alkali content of the total alkali content of the volcanic ash in the reaction process, and is beneficial to inhibiting oxidation of the metal tailings and release of acidic elements such as sulfur.
Further, the agricultural solid waste in the step (4) is formed by mixing waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straws according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5, and the dosage is 160-180 kg/100m 2 。
Further, the farmyard manure in the step (4) is formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0, and the dosage of the farmyard manure is 80-110 kg/100m 2 。
Further, the dosage of the EM microbial inoculum and the silicate bacteria in the step (4) is respectively 0.5-0.8 kg/100m 2 And 6.5 to 8.5kg/100m 2 。
Further, the water-retaining agent in the step (4) is polyacrylamide, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 1.2-1.8 kg/100m 2 。
Further, the fermentation of the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure in the step (4) requires 45-60 days.
Further, the composting fermentation in the step (4) can increase the organic fertilizer content of the metal tailings after soil formation, promote the release of inorganic nutrient elements and obviously improve the fertility; meanwhile, the water and soil moisture retention and neutralization of acidic elements in the metal tailings are realized.
Further, the green plants in the step (5) are shrubs.
Further, in the step (5), the planting shrubs are planted in 4 shrubs in each rectangular tailing area according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pit is round with the diameter of 0.30-0.50 m and the pit depth of 0.50 m.
Further, in the step (6), watering time intervals and watering quantity are formulated according to weather temperature conditions and water evaporation conditions during irrigation of the shrubs.
The invention will be further described with reference to examples 1 to 4.
Example 1
A method for carrying out colored tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, flattening the areas except the top areas of the iron tailing pond, wherein the flattened areas cannot have areas with larger concave-convex amplitude;
s2, digging a ditch on the flattened area in the step 1 by using an HSWG-170 type small cultivator, wherein the ditch is 0.5 m deep, and dividing the tailing area into rectangular areas with the length of 2.5 m and the width of 1.5 m;
s3, then dividing each rectangular tailing area in the step (2) according to 200kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding volcanic ash; then evenly applying slaked lime according to 35 percent of the volcanic ash dosage volume and turning overThe two are fully contacted and reacted.
S4, after the volcanic ash activation reaction in the step 3 is finished, the weight of the volcanic ash is 160kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding agricultural waste mixed by waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straw according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5 according to the volume ratio of 80kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding farmyard manure formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0; then EM microbial inoculum and silicate bacteria are added uniformly, the dosage of which is 0.5kg/100m respectively 2 And 6.5kg/100m 2 。
S5, after the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure are subjected to composting fermentation for 45 days in the step 4, shrubs are planted on the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure, the shrubs are planted according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pits are round with the diameter of 0.30 meter, the pit depth is 0.50 meter, and 4 plants are planted in each rectangular tailing area.
And S6, after the green plants in the step 5 are planted, setting a watering time interval and a watering quantity according to the climate temperature condition and the water evaporation condition when the woody shrubs irrigate.
Example 2
A method for carrying out colored tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, flattening the copper tailing pond except the top area, wherein the flattened area cannot have an area with larger concave-convex amplitude;
s2, digging a ditch on the flattened area in the step 1 by using an HSWG-170 type small cultivator, wherein the ditch is 0.5 m deep, and dividing the tailing area into rectangular areas with the length of 2.8 m and the width of 1.8 m;
s3, then dividing each rectangular tailing area in the step (2) according to 220kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding volcanic ash; then evenly applying slaked lime according to 35 percent of the volcanic ash dosage volume and turning over to enable the slaked lime and the volcanic ash to fully contact and react.
S4, after the volcanic ash activation reaction in the step 3 is finished, the mixture is mixed according to 180kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding agricultural waste mixed by waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straw according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5 according to the volume ratio of 110kg/100m 2 Is used in the amount of (3)Uniformly adding farmyard manure formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0; then EM microbial inoculum and silicate bacteria are added uniformly, the dosage of which is 0.8kg/100m respectively 2 And 8.5kg/100m 2 。
S5, after the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure are subjected to composting fermentation for 45 days in the step 4, shrubs are planted on the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure, the shrubs are planted according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pits are round with the diameter of 0.50 meter, the pit depth is 0.50 meter, and 4 plants are planted in each rectangular tailing area.
And S6, after the green plants in the step 5 are planted, setting a watering time interval and a watering quantity according to the climate temperature condition and the water evaporation condition when the woody shrubs irrigate.
Example 3
A method for carrying out colored tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, flattening the lead tailing pond except the top area, wherein the flattened area cannot have an area with larger concave-convex amplitude;
s2, digging a ditch on the flattened area in the step 1 by using an HSWG-170 type small cultivator, wherein the ditch is 0.5 m deep, and dividing the tailing area into rectangular areas with the length of 2.6 m and the width of 1.6 m;
s3, then dividing each rectangular tailing area in the step (2) according to the ratio of 210kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding volcanic ash; then evenly applying slaked lime according to 35 percent of the volcanic ash dosage volume and turning over to enable the slaked lime and the volcanic ash to fully contact and react.
S4, after the volcanic ash activation reaction in the step 3 is finished, the mixture is mixed according to 170kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding agricultural waste mixed by waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straw according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5 according to the volume ratio of 100kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding farmyard manure formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0; then EM microbial inoculum and silicate bacteria are added uniformly, the dosage of which is 0.6kg/100m respectively 2 And 7kg/100m 2 。
S5, after the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure are subjected to composting fermentation for 45 days in the step 4, shrubs are planted on the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure, the shrubs are planted according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pits are round with the diameter of 0.40 meter, the pit depth is 0.50 meter, and 4 plants are planted in each rectangular tailing area.
And S6, after the green plants in the step 5 are planted, setting a watering time interval and a watering quantity according to the climate temperature condition and the water evaporation condition when the woody shrubs irrigate.
Example 4
A method for carrying out colored tailing soil formation by using volcanic ash as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, flattening the areas except the top areas of the zinc tailing pond, wherein the flattened areas cannot have areas with larger concave-convex amplitude;
s2, digging a ditch on the flattened area in the step 1 by using an HSWG-170 type small cultivator, wherein the ditch is 0.5 m deep, and dividing the tailing area into rectangular areas with the length of 2.7 m and the width of 1.7 m;
s3, then dividing each rectangular tailing area in the step (2) according to 200kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding volcanic ash; then, slaked lime is uniformly applied and ploughed according to 35 percent of the volcanic ash dosage volume, and the slaked lime and the ploughed volcanic ash are fully contacted and reacted.
S4, after the volcanic ash activation reaction in the step 3 is finished, the mixture is mixed according to 180kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding agricultural waste mixed by waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straw according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5, and mixing according to the volume ratio of 90kg/100m 2 Uniformly adding farmyard manure formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0; then the EM microbial inoculum and silicate bacteria are added uniformly, the dosage of which is 0.7kg/100m respectively 2 And 7.5kg/100m 2 。
S5, after the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure are subjected to composting fermentation for 45 days in the step 4, shrubs are planted on the agricultural solid waste and the farmyard manure, the shrubs are planted according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pits are round with the diameter of 0.50 meter, the pit depth is 0.50 meter, and 4 plants are planted in each rectangular tailing area.
And S6, after the green plants in the step 5 are planted, setting a watering time interval and a watering quantity according to the climate temperature condition and the water evaporation condition when the woody shrubs irrigate.
Experimental methods were constructed as in experimental example 1, and control groups were constructed as in examples 1-4; the survival rate of shrubs was examined and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 survival of shrubs in different types of tailings after improvement
| Type of tailings | Iron tailings | Copper tailings | Lead tailings | Zinc tailings |
| Survival rate of | 88.5-91% | 89-92% | 88.5-90.5% | 89.5-92% |
In experimental examples 1-4, the average survival rate of shrubs reaches 90%, and the different types of nonferrous metal tailings have better planting capacity after being improved by the method. Then, more types of metal tailings are selected for carrying out feasibility experiments of the method, and applicability of the method in different metal tailings is further studied.
Claims (4)
1. The method for carrying out the soil formation of the nonferrous metal tailings by using the volcanic ash as the main raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Firstly, leveling a tailing land;
(2) Digging a ditch on the leveled tailing ground, and dividing the tailing ground into a plurality of rectangular areas; the depth of the ditch is 0.5-0.6 meter, the length of the rectangular area is 2.5-2.8 meters, and the width of the rectangular area is 1.5-1.8 meters;
(3) Uniformly applying volcanic ash and lime in proportion to each rectangular area obtained in the step (2) and turning over, wherein the volcanic ash is uniformly covered on the tailing ground and the dosage of the volcanic ash is 200-220 kg/100m 2 After volcanic ash is applied, lime powder is applied, the dosage of the lime powder is 20-50% of the weight of the volcanic ash, the lime is slaked lime, and after the application is completed, the lime is ploughed, so that the volcanic ash and the lime are fully contacted for activation reaction;
(4) Adding agricultural solid waste, farmyard manure, EM microbial inoculum, silicate bacteria and water-retaining agent on the tailing land after the volcanic ash and lime fully react in the step (3), and carrying out composting fermentation; the agricultural solid waste is formed by mixing waste fungus sticks, rice bran and straws according to the volume ratio of 0.8:1.0:1.5, and the dosage is 160-180 kg/100m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The farmyard manure is formed by mixing cow dung and chicken dung according to the volume ratio of 1.0:1.0, and the dosage of the farmyard manure is 80-110 kg/100m 2 Composting fermentation for 45-60 days;
(5) And finally, planting green plants on the tailings after fermentation, and performing manual maintenance.
2. The method for converting non-ferrous metal tailings soil using volcanic ash as main material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-retaining agent in the step (4) is polyacrylamide in an amount of 1.2-1.8 kg/100m 2 。
3. The method for converting non-ferrous metal tailings soil using volcanic ash as main material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dosage of the EM bacteria and silicate bacteria in the step (4) is 0.5-0.8 kg/100m, respectively 2 And 6.5 to 8.5kg/100m 2 。
4. The method for making nonferrous metal tailings into soil by using volcanic ash as a main raw material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the green plants are planted according to the density of 1 pit of each seedling, the pit is round with the diameter of 0.30-0.50 m, the pit depth is 0.50 m, and 4 shrubs are planted in each rectangular tailing area.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110058472A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Stabilization method of mine tailings for the formation of hardpan layer on top of tailings landfill |
| CN109168391A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of method of iron tailings soil |
| CN109731903A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of ecological restoring method of layered coverage gold mine tailings |
| CN114793526A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for artificially accelerating reconstruction of mining industry waste site conditions |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110058472A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Stabilization method of mine tailings for the formation of hardpan layer on top of tailings landfill |
| CN109168391A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of method of iron tailings soil |
| CN109731903A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of ecological restoring method of layered coverage gold mine tailings |
| CN114793526A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for artificially accelerating reconstruction of mining industry waste site conditions |
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