CN115417318A - Anti-extrusion device and aerial work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-extrusion device and an aerial working machine, the anti-extrusion device comprises a movable mechanism, a fixed mechanism and a position signal detection mechanism, the movable mechanism comprises a clamping piece and an impact rod, two ends of the impact rod are respectively connected with one clamping piece in a clamping manner, the clamping piece is pivoted with the fixed mechanism so as to enable the impact rod to respond to extrusion thrust borne by an operator to enable the impact rod to move and pivot from an initial state to a direction away from the operator, and the impact rod is pivoted to a set position to fall off from an opening of the clamping piece; the position signal detecting mechanism is installed to be able to detect and transmit a falling state signal of the impact bar so that the control unit can perform a control operation based on the falling state signal. The anti-extrusion device can directly break away the collision rod into a free state when being triggered, cannot affect a human body, does not occupy redundant safety space, and leaves lag reaction motion space.

Description

Anti-extrusion device and aerial work machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a safety protection device, in particular to an anti-extrusion device. In addition, the high-altitude operation machine with the anti-extrusion device is further related.

Background

The lifting operation machine is usually provided with a working platform, the working platform is used for accommodating an operator, the working platform is usually provided with an operating platform, and the operating platform is fixed on one side of the working platform facing the front along the main movement direction of the machine, so that the operator can conveniently carry out corresponding operation.

With this type of equipment, there is a risk of crushing injury to the operator during operation; for example, in the process of moving an operation platform, if the operation is careless, a large-size obstacle behind the operation platform is not noticed, or an accidental falling object impacts behind the operation platform, the operation platform can be extruded and injured by surrounding obstacles during operation.

In response to the above risks, those skilled in the art have devised various types of mobile operator station anti-jamming devices to mitigate or avoid injury to the operator. For example: (1) The flexible rope is matched with the magnetic adsorption type circuit breaker, and when an operator is extruded and injured, the magnetic adsorption switch is broken; (2) The swing rod type extrusion-proof device has the advantages that when an operator is injured by extrusion, the swing rod rotates to reach a motion terminal point so as to provide a certain avoiding space. However, the above-mentioned prior art device for preventing the mobile operation table from being pressed has certain disadvantages in practical application.

For example, in the triggering process of a flexible pull-wire anti-extrusion device adopting a flexible rope and a magnetic adsorption type circuit breaker, the pull-wire and a human body slide relatively in a stressed state, which may cause human body damage; for the swing rod type anti-extrusion device, the swing rod still occupies a human body redundant safety space after reaching a motion terminal point, and a hysteresis reaction motion space for triggering the device to stop equipment is not reserved.

In view of the above, there is a need to design a new anti-extrusion device that can overcome the above technical problems and effectively solve or alleviate the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an anti-extrusion device, which can directly separate a collision rod into a free state when being triggered, does not influence a human body, does not occupy redundant safety space, and leaves a hysteresis reaction motion space.

The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the high-altitude operation machine, which can ensure that the collision rod is directly separated into a free state when the anti-extrusion device of the high-altitude operation machine is triggered, does not influence the human body, does not occupy redundant safe space and leaves a lag reaction motion space.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an aspect of the present invention provides an anti-extrusion device, including a movable mechanism, a fixed mechanism and a position signal detection mechanism, where the movable mechanism includes a clamping member and an impact rod, two ends of the impact rod are respectively connected with one clamping member in a clamping manner, and the clamping member is pivoted with the fixed mechanism so as to enable the impact rod to move and pivot from an initial state toward a direction away from an operator in response to an extrusion thrust applied to the operator, and to enable the impact rod to pivot to a set position and fall off from an opening of the clamping member;

the position signal detecting mechanism is installed to be able to detect and transmit a falling state signal of the impact bar so that the control unit can perform a control operation based on the falling state signal.

Optionally, an axis of the impact bar is parallel to a pivot axis of the clamp.

Optionally, the clamping member includes a mounting seat for mounting the position signal detection mechanism and a clamping portion for clamping and connecting with an end portion of the collision bar, and the clamping member is pivotally connected with the fixing mechanism through a rotating structure.

Further, the rotating structure comprises a through hole mounted on one of the clamping piece and the fixing mechanism and a pin shaft pivotally matched with the through hole on the other.

Specifically, an elastic check ring is arranged on a shaft section of the pin shaft penetrating out of the through hole.

Specifically, the clamping part is a clamping jaw, and the end part of the clamping jaw is bent inwards to clamp the end part of the collision rod.

Optionally, a damper is provided between the clamp and the fixing mechanism.

Optionally, a limiting device is arranged between the clamping piece and the fixing mechanism to limit the rotation angle of the clamping piece.

Optionally, the position signal detecting mechanism includes a signal detecting device, and the signal detecting device can detect and transmit a falling state signal of the collision bar to the control unit, so that the control unit controls the work platform to brake or move in a safe direction.

Further, the signal detection device comprises a signal trigger element, and the signal trigger element is installed on the clamping piece so as to be capable of detecting a falling state signal generated when the collision rod falls off under extrusion thrust.

The invention also provides an aerial working machine which is provided with the anti-extrusion device in any one of the technical schemes.

Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the anti-extrusion device is arranged on an operation platform, is positioned above a control console and is arranged on the operation platform through a fixing mechanism, two ends of a collision rod are respectively connected with a clamping piece in a clamping manner, and the clamping piece is pivoted with the fixing mechanism; when an operator experiences various dangerous conditions of extrusion pressure in different directions at the rear, the collision rod can fall off from the opening of the clamping piece only by a small turning radius under the driving of the rotating motion of the clamping piece, and a free state is formed; and, position signal detection mechanism detects simultaneously that the collision pole is in the state that drops for the control unit can carry out corresponding protection operation based on the state signal that drops, has greatly improved the security. Compared with the existing flexible stay wire anti-extrusion device, the device has no influence on the human body, has no longer movement process, and can avoid the influence on the performance of the device caused by the limitation of the movement process caused by foreign matters. Compared with the existing swing link type anti-extrusion device, a hysteresis reaction motion space is reserved, a larger redundant safety space is provided, and the occupied operating space of an operator is smaller.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anti-extrusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled schematic view of an anti-extrusion device in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a securing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a clamping portion in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a crash bar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 securing mechanism 11 base

12 through hole 2 clamp

21 pin shaft 22 clamping part

23 mount 3 crash bar

31 end 4 signal triggering element of impact bar

5 elastic retainer ring

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the detailed description is provided only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following detailed description.

It should be noted that the work platform of the present invention refers to a platform or an area for controlling, driving, and manipulating by an operator on various machines or equipments, including but not limited to an operation platform of an aerial work machine, a center console of a concrete equipment, a driving operation area of a forklift used in a factory or other places, and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the basic embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-extrusion device, which includes a movable mechanism, a fixed mechanism 1 and a position signal detection mechanism, wherein the movable mechanism includes a clamping member 2 and an impact rod 3, two ends of the impact rod 3 are respectively connected with one clamping member 2 in a clamping manner, the clamping member 2 is pivoted with the fixed mechanism 1, so that the impact rod 3 can make the impact rod 3 move and pivot from an initial state to a direction away from an operator in response to extrusion thrust applied by the operator, and the impact rod 3 can pivot to a set position and fall off from an opening of the clamping member 2;

the position signal detecting mechanism is installed to be able to detect and transmit a falling state signal of the impact bar 3 so that the control unit can perform a control operation based on the falling state signal.

In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the anti-squeezing device of the present invention, the technical effects of the anti-squeezing device of the present invention will be specifically described below by applying the same to a work platform.

The invention relates to high-altitude operation mechanical equipment, belonging to manned equipment, wherein an operation platform is usually adopted to carry an operator, a control console is arranged on the operation platform, as shown in figure 1, an anti-extrusion device of the invention is arranged above the control console, specifically, the anti-extrusion device can be arranged on the operation platform, a fixing mechanism 1 is arranged on a handrail, a guard rail and the like, the fixing mechanism 1 is pivoted with a corresponding clamping piece 2, two ends of a collision rod 3 are respectively connected with one clamping piece 2 in a clamping way, and the collision rod 3 is positioned above the control console. This kind of fixed establishment 1 and 2 pin joints of holder and holder 2 and the design that the tip clamping of collision lever 3 is connected, when operating personnel when experiencing the rear various dangerous condition of the extrusion pressure of equidirectional, make the radius of holder 2 gyration less, just can drive collision lever 3 to come the settlement position, the direction of extrusion pressure is towards the opening of holder 2 basically this moment, make collision lever 3 drop from the opening of holder 2 under the effect of outside extrusion pressure, form a free state. The collision rod 3 is triggered to fall off, the whole process time is short, no longer motion process exists, the position signal detection mechanism is used for detecting whether the collision rod 3 falls off or not, and when the position signal detection mechanism detects that the collision rod 3 falls off, the detected falling state information is fed back to the control unit in time, so that the control unit can perform corresponding protection operation based on the falling state signal. Therefore, the whole process from triggering to falling off of the collision rod 3 is short, so that the influence on a human body is avoided, and the influence on the performance of the device caused by the limitation of the motion process due to foreign matters can be avoided; because the collision rod 3 is separated from the space above the console, redundant safety space cannot be occupied, enough hysteresis reaction motion space for triggering equipment to stop can be reserved, the rotation angle of the collision rod 3 is smaller, and the occupied operation space of an operator is correspondingly smaller.

As an embodiment of the fixing mechanism 1, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the fixing mechanism 1 may be a plate-shaped structure, and specifically, may be composed of a base 11, the base 11 is a mounting plate, the base 11 is mounted on a handrail, a guard rail, or the like of a work platform, a through hole 12 is provided on the base 11, the through hole 12 is used for pivoting with the clamp 2, and the thickness of the through hole 12 may be greater than that of the base 11 in view of structural strength. Alternatively, the base 11 may have another configuration as long as the fixing mechanism 1 can be attached to a position of an armrest, a guard rail, or the like of the work platform. The connection mode between the base 11 and the armrest and the guard rail of the working platform may be welding, bolting, riveting, bonding, or other modes.

As a specific embodiment of the clamping member 2, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the clamping member 2 includes a clamping portion 22 and a mounting seat 23, the clamping portion 22 can be used for clamping connection with an end 31 of the impact rod 3, and the mounting seat 23 is used for mounting the position signal detection mechanism, so that the relative position relationship between the position signal detection mechanism and the impact rod 3 is kept unchanged when the clamping member 2 rotates, so that the impact rod 3 can be accurately detected when falling off, and the structure arrangement is simple.

In a specific embodiment, the fixing mechanism 1 and the clamping member 2 are pivoted relative to each other through a rotating structure, and specifically, the clamping member 2 further includes a pin 21, the pin 21 is installed on one side of the installation position above the clamping portion 22, the installation seat 23 is installed on the other side opposite to the installation position, and the pin 21 of the clamping member 2 and the through hole 12 of the fixing mechanism 1 form a rotating structure. Alternatively, the mounting positions of the pin 21 and the through hole 12 may be changed, that is, the through hole 12 is opened at the mounting position above the clip part 22, and the pin 21 is provided on the base part 11, so that the fixing mechanism 1 and the clip 2 can be pivoted in the same manner. Wherein, a bearing and other members facilitating relative rotation can be added between the through hole 12 and the pin 21. Alternatively, the fixing mechanism 1 and the clamping member 2 can be pivoted relative to each other by adopting other suitable forms of rotating structures.

Based on the technical scheme, the axis of the collision rod 3 is parallel to the rotation axis of the clamping piece 2, namely the axis of the collision rod 3 is parallel to the axis of the through hole 12, so that the axis of the collision rod 3 and the rotation axis of the clamping piece 2 have a certain eccentricity, and when the collision rod 3 is subjected to body pressure in different directions, the collision rod 3 can rotate to a position where the extrusion pressure direction faces the opening of the clamping piece 2, and falls off from the opening of the clamping piece 2.

In order to prevent the fixing mechanism 1 and the clamping member 2 from moving axially relative to each other, the position of the circlip 5 may be limited, specifically, a shaft groove or a hole groove may be formed in a shaft section of the pin 21 penetrating through the through hole 12, and the circlip 5 may be installed in the shaft groove or the hole groove to prevent the pin 21 from moving relative to the through hole 12, so as to limit the relative position of the fixing mechanism 1 and the clamping member 2.

As a specific example of the clamping portion 22, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the clamping portion 22 may be a claw made of an elastic material, such as rubber, and the claw of the claw is configured to be bent inward to form a certain clamping force, so as to form a snap-clamping effect on the end portion 31 of the impact bar 3. In the concrete operation, need consider the pressure that the human body bore and the device is easy to trigger by mistake and design the concrete clamping force that card holder portion 22 needs to have, in the actual test, when the human body receives the damage under outside extrusion pressure effect, collision rod 3 just drops from card holder portion 22, the clamping force that card holder portion 22 has is the maximum, when the device takes place to trigger by mistake, collision rod 3 just drops from card holder portion 22, the clamping force that card holder portion 22 has is the minimum, when designing the concrete clamping force of card holder portion 22, can select from above-mentioned maximum and minimum.

Referring to fig. 6, the end 31 of the impact rod 3 may be provided with an annular groove to be caught by the catching portion 22. In order to avoid falling objects, the collision bar 3 can be flexibly connected with the working platform, for example, one end of the collision bar 3 is flexibly connected with the working platform through a rope.

In addition, the clamping portion 22 is not limited to the specific structure of the elastic claw, for example, two claws of the claw are designed to be rotatable outwards, and a spring is installed between the two claws to restrain the two claws, so that the claws have a certain clamping force, and the clamping of the end portion 31 of the collision bar 3 can also be realized. Alternatively, the clamping portion 22 may be a spring device, a pneumatic device, a hydraulic device, or the like that provides a specific clamping force.

In order to avoid disordered shaking under the action of gravity and inertia in the moving process, damping can be arranged between the clamping piece 2 and the fixing mechanism 1, for example, a torsion spring and the like are arranged between the pin shaft 21 and the through hole 12 to serve as damping, so that certain pretightening force is applied between the pin shaft 21 and the through hole 12, certain prevention effect can be achieved on unconscious misoperation of an operator, the working stability of the operation platform is effectively improved, and normal construction operation of the operation platform is ensured.

On the basis of the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the position signal detecting mechanism may take various forms, and may employ a single signal detecting device to monitor the position change of the impact bar 3, or may employ a plurality of signal detecting devices to simultaneously monitor the position change of the impact bar 3, and when the trigger state is reached, transmit a signal to cause the control unit to control the operation platform to brake or move in a safe direction, for example, typically in a reverse direction.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the signal detection device may include a signal trigger element 4, the signal trigger element 4 may be mounted on a mounting seat 23 of the clamping member 2, when the impact rod 3 is subjected to a squeezing thrust, the clamping member 2 may be pushed to rotate, since the signal trigger element 4 is mounted on the mounting seat 23 of the clamping member 2, a relative position between the signal trigger element 4 and the impact rod 3 is kept unchanged in a process of being triggered to fall off the impact rod 3, after the impact rod 3 falls off, the signal trigger element 4 detects that the relative position between the signal trigger element 4 and the impact rod 3 changes, so as to generate a fall-off state signal, and transmit the fall-off state signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the work platform to brake or move towards a safe direction according to the moving position signal.

The signal triggering element 4 may be an inductive or contact sensor, such as a photoelectric switch, a proximity switch, a travel switch, a hall sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a laser sensor, or the like. The position detection and transmission technologies such as a photoelectric switch, a proximity switch, a travel switch, a hall sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a laser sensor and the like are generally applied at present, the application forms are various, the circuit connection and the application are relatively mature, and the redundant application forms are not repeated for example.

In the embodiment of fig. 1, the signal trigger element 4 has an external data line, and during rotation, the data line of the signal trigger element 4 may be wound around the collision bar 3, thereby affecting the falling of the collision bar 3, and therefore, a position limiting device may be provided between the clamping member 2 and the fixing mechanism 1 for limiting the rotation angle of the clamping member 2, for example, a protrusion structure may be provided at a certain position on the base 11 of the fixing mechanism 1, and when the clamping member 2 rotates to a certain angle, the protrusion structure may form a block for the clamping member 2, or a protrusion structure may be provided at the edge of the clamping member 2, and when the clamping member 2 rotates to a certain angle, the protrusion structure may collide with the base 11 of the fixing mechanism 1, and the block for the clamping member 2 may be formed.

It should be noted that the work platform belongs to a mobile work machine or a mobile device, and the control unit thereof is generally a conventional component, on the basis of which, the position signal detection mechanism of the present invention is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit is enabled to perform control operation based on the detection signal of the position signal detection mechanism, which is relatively mature in implementation of control technology in light of the technical idea of the present invention. The control unit performs early warning control, or valve output current reduction, or direct cut-off, or reverse current output according to logic judgment so as to control the mobile operation table to decelerate, brake or move towards a safe direction, such as a reverse direction or a deflection direction.

On the basis of the technical scheme of the anti-extrusion device, the invention also provides an aerial work machine, wherein the aerial work machine comprises the anti-extrusion device in any technical scheme.

In order to more deeply understand the technical concept and advantages of the anti-extrusion device of the present invention, the structural form of the anti-extrusion device having relatively overall preferred features of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

The two fixing mechanisms 1 are respectively installed on handrails, guard rails and the like on two sides of the operation platform, the fixing mechanisms 1 are composed of base parts 11, and through holes 12 are formed in the base parts 11. The clamping piece 2 consists of a pin shaft 21, a clamping part 22 and a mounting seat 23, the clamping part 22 is preferably a clamping jaw, the clamping jaw is prepared from elastic materials, the length and the section of the jaw of the clamping jaw can provide specific clamping force through design, two ends of the collision rod 3 are respectively in clamping connection with the clamping part 22, one side of the mounting position above the clamping part 22 is provided with the pin shaft 21, the other opposite side is provided with the mounting seat 23, the mounting seat 23 is used for mounting a signal trigger element 4, the shaft section of the pin shaft 21 penetrating through the through hole 12 is provided with an elastic retainer ring 5, so that the clamping piece 2 is pivoted with the fixing mechanism 1,

when an operator experiences various dangerous conditions of extrusion pressure in different directions behind the operator, the body of the operator is in extrusion contact with the collision rod 3, the clamping piece 2 is forced to rotate relative to the fixing mechanism 1, the collision rod 3 is made to rotate to the direction of the extrusion pressure applied to the body and faces the opening of the clamping part 22, the collision rod 3 is separated from the clamping part 22, the trigger signal trigger element 4 is triggered to send a signal, and the equipment is emergently stopped to run or move reversely through the control unit (at the moment, the equipment cannot advance any more, only safe and reverse movement can be carried out, further extrusion is avoided, secondary damage occurs), meanwhile, the equipment gives an alarm, casualties caused by extrusion of the human body between an obstacle and an operation console are avoided, and meanwhile, the collision rod 3 is separated to provide an emergency avoiding space for the operator.

Compared with the existing flexible stay wire anti-extrusion device, the stay wire and the human body slide relatively in a stressed state in the triggering process, so that the human body can be damaged, and after the equipment is used for a long time, the stay wire is polluted by foreign matters, and the flexibility is reduced, so that the performance of the device can be influenced. In the triggering process of the anti-extrusion device, the collision rod 3 is directly separated from the clamping part 22 to be in a free state, so that the impact on a human body is avoided, the triggering process is only the separation of the collision rod 3 and the clamping part 22, a longer motion process is avoided, and the influence on the performance of the device caused by the limitation of the motion process due to foreign matters can be avoided.

Compared with the existing swing rod type anti-extrusion device, the swing rod still occupies a human body redundant safety space after reaching a motion terminal point, and in order to reserve a lag reaction motion space from the triggering of the device to the stopping of equipment, the swing radius of the swing rod is generally larger, and the swing rod occupies more operation space of operators. When the anti-extrusion device is triggered, the collision rod 3 is directly separated from the clamping part 22 to be in a free state, redundant safe space is formed from a triggering point to the console, the extrusion force direction is towards the opening of the clamping part 22, only a small turning radius is needed, the swing radius of the collision rod 3 is small, and the occupied operating space of an operator is small.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The anti-extrusion device is characterized by comprising a movable mechanism, a fixed mechanism (1) and a position signal detection mechanism, wherein the movable mechanism comprises a clamping piece (2) and an impact rod (3), two ends of the impact rod (3) are respectively in clamping connection with the clamping piece (2), the clamping piece (2) is pivoted with the fixed mechanism (1) so that the impact rod (3) can move and pivot from an initial state to a direction away from an operator in response to extrusion thrust applied to the operator, and the impact rod (3) pivots to a set position and falls off from an opening of the clamping piece (2);

the position signal detection mechanism is installed to be able to detect and transmit a falling state signal of the impact bar (3) so that a control unit can perform a control operation based on the falling state signal.

2. Anti-extrusion device according to claim 1, characterised in that the axis of the impact bar (3) is parallel to the pivot axis of the clamp (2).

3. The extrusion prevention apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamp (2) comprises a clamping portion (22) for clamping connection with an end portion (31) of the impact bar (3) and a mounting seat (23) for mounting the position signal detection mechanism, and the clamp (2) is pivotally connected to the fixing mechanism (1) through a rotating structure.

4. Anti-squeezing device according to claim 3, characterized in that said rotating structure comprises a through hole (12) mounted on one of said fixing mechanism (1) and said clamp (2) and a pin (21) pivotably cooperating with said through hole (12) on the other.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that a circlip (5) is arranged on the shaft section of the pin (21) which penetrates out of the through hole (12).

6. An anti-squeezing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the clamping part (22) is a claw, the end of which is arranged to be bent inwards to clamp the end (31) of the impact bar (3).

7. Anti-extrusion device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a damping is provided between the clamping member (2) and the fixing means (1).

8. Anti-extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a limiting device is provided between the clamping member (2) and the fixing means (1) to limit the angle of rotation of the clamping member (2).

9. The extrusion preventing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the position signal detecting mechanism comprises a signal detecting means capable of detecting and transmitting a falling state signal of the impact bar (3) to the control unit so that the control unit controls the work platform to brake or move in a safe direction.

10. The extrusion-preventive apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the signal detection means comprises a signal trigger member (4), the signal trigger member (4) being mounted on the holder (2) so as to be able to detect a falling-off state signal generated when the impact bar (3) falls off by the extrusion thrust.

11. An aerial work machine, characterized in that an anti-extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is provided.

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