CN115411828A - Interphone battery protection circuit and interphone - Google Patents
Interphone battery protection circuit and interphone Download PDFInfo
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- CN115411828A CN115411828A CN202211361958.4A CN202211361958A CN115411828A CN 115411828 A CN115411828 A CN 115411828A CN 202211361958 A CN202211361958 A CN 202211361958A CN 115411828 A CN115411828 A CN 115411828A
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100163833 Arabidopsis thaliana ARP6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/006—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of too high or too low voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
- H04B1/3883—Arrangements for mounting batteries or battery chargers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of interphones, and provides an interphone battery protection circuit and an interphone, which comprise a battery power supply switch circuit, a first comparator, a first sampling circuit and a first voltage stabilizer, wherein the input end of the first voltage stabilizer is connected with the positive terminal of the interphone, the negative terminal of the interphone is grounded, the output end of the first voltage stabilizer is connected with the power supply end of the first comparator, the negative input end of the first comparator is connected with the positive terminal of the terminal through the first sampling circuit, the positive input end of the first comparator is connected with the reference voltage end of the first comparator, the output end of the first comparator is connected with the controlled end of the battery power supply switch circuit, the first transmission end of the battery power supply switch circuit is connected with the charging management chip of the interphone, and the second transmission end is connected with the positive terminal; the invention can protect the interphone when the interphone is mistakenly provided with the high-voltage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of interphones, in particular to an interphone battery protection circuit and an interphone.
Background
With the development of society, the use of interphones is more and more extensive, the traditional battery power supply circuit of the interphones mostly adopts an integrated charging management chip, the charging management chip is provided with a signal port, an external power supply input port, a battery management port and a power supply output port, wherein the signal port is connected with the signal end of a main control chip of the interphone for data transmission, the external power supply input port can be connected with external power supply, the battery port is connected with a positive terminal and a negative terminal of a battery in a battery box, the power supply output port is connected with the power supply circuit of the interphone, the main control chip of the interphone and other sound transmission transmitting parts are powered through the power supply circuit of the interphone, and when charging is carried out, the external power supply input port of the charging management chip outputs charging voltage to the battery management port; when the interphone is used, the battery management port of the charging management chip outputs the power supply output port, the voltage of the interphone battery is supplied to the power supply conversion chip to supply power to the main control chip and the like, but the interphone has two types of high power and low power, wherein the high power uses a high-voltage battery of 6.5V-8.4V, the low power uses a low-voltage battery of 3V-4.35V, the shapes of the two batteries are similar, when a plurality of interphones are used together, the problem of battery loading mixing of a user is easy to occur, namely, when the high-voltage battery is mistakenly placed into the low-power interphone, the chip in the low-power interphone is burnt out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem of how to protect the internal chip of the low-power interphone when the high-voltage battery is mistakenly loaded into the low-power interphone adopting the low-voltage battery.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery protection circuit for an intercom, including: the system comprises a battery power supply switch circuit, a first comparator, a first sampling circuit and a first voltage stabilizer, wherein the input end of the first voltage stabilizer is connected with a positive terminal of the interphone to pass through the positive terminal to be connected with a battery positive electrode, a negative terminal of the interphone is grounded, the output end of the first voltage stabilizer is connected with a power end of the first comparator, a negative input end of the first comparator is connected with the positive terminal through the first sampling circuit, a positive input end of the first comparator is connected with a reference voltage end of the first comparator, an output end of the first comparator is connected with a controlled end of the battery power supply switch circuit, a first transmission end of the battery power supply switch circuit is connected with a charging management chip of the interphone, and a second transmission end of the battery power supply switch circuit is connected with the positive terminal.
Furthermore, the battery power supply switch circuit comprises a first NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a first PMOS (P-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube group, wherein the first PMOS tube group consists of 2 PMOS tubes connected with source electrodes, a grid electrode of the first NMOS tube is connected with an output end of the first comparator, the source electrodes are grounded, a drain electrode of the first NMOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube group, a first drain electrode end of the first PMOS tube group is connected with a charging management chip of the interphone, and a second drain electrode end of the first PMOS tube group is connected with the positive terminal.
Further, first sampling circuit includes first resistance and second resistance, the first end of first resistance with positive terminal connection, the second end of first resistance respectively with the first end of second resistance with the negative input end of first comparator is connected, the second end ground connection of second resistance, first resistance and second resistance are right positive terminal department voltage carries out the partial pressure after exporting to first comparator, so that when connecting high, low voltage battery positive terminal, the negative input end of first comparator receives the voltage model that compares the variation in size rather than the reference voltage.
Furthermore, the interphone battery protection circuit further comprises a first diode and a second diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the positive terminal, the output end of the first diode is connected with the input end of the first voltage stabilizer, the anode of the second diode is connected with the USB charging end of the interphone, and the external power supply input port of the charging management chip is connected with the USB charging end.
Furthermore, the interphone battery protection circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor bank and a second filter capacitor bank, wherein the first filter capacitor bank and the second filter capacitor bank are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the first voltage stabilizer, so that the first voltage stabilizer outputs stable voltage to the first comparator, and the power supply voltage and the reference voltage of the first comparator are stable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when a user inserts a high-voltage battery into a battery jar of the low-power interphone, the high-voltage battery is connected with an anode wiring terminal of the interphone through an input end of a first voltage stabilizer, wherein the anode wiring terminal is connected with an anode of the battery, an output end of the first voltage stabilizer is connected with a power supply end of a first comparator, and at the moment, the first voltage stabilizer converts the voltage of the battery to supply power for the first comparator, so that a stable reference voltage can be generated inside the first comparator; the positive input end of the first comparator is connected with the reference voltage end of the first comparator, so that the reference voltage is input to the positive input end of the first comparator through the reference voltage end of the first comparator, the input end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery to collect the voltage of the battery and convert the voltage, and the converted voltage is input to the negative input end of the first comparator; if the high-voltage battery is inserted, the voltage of the positive input end of the first comparator is smaller than that of the negative input end of the first comparator, so that the output end of the first comparator is 0, the first transmission end and the second input end of the battery power supply switch circuit are not conducted, the high-voltage battery cannot supply power to the circuit in the interphone, the damage to an inner chip of the interphone when the high-voltage battery is placed into the low-power interphone by mistake is avoided, and therefore when the high-voltage battery is placed into the low-power interphone adopting the low-voltage battery by mistake, the inner chip of the low-power interphone can be effectively protected.
The invention also provides an interphone which comprises the interphone battery protection circuit, a power supply circuit, a main control chip and a signal transceiving module, wherein a signal port of the charging management chip is connected with the main control chip, and an output end of the charging management chip respectively provides power for the main control chip and the signal transceiving module through the power supply circuit.
Furthermore, the signal transceiver module includes audio frequency transmitting circuit, audio frequency transmitting circuit includes pickup circuit and first audio frequency modulation circuit, second audio frequency modulation circuit and mixing output circuit, pickup circuit's left and right sound channel port respectively with first audio frequency modulation circuit and second audio frequency modulation circuit's input is connected, first audio frequency modulation circuit and second audio frequency modulation circuit's output with mixing output circuit's input is connected, mixing output circuit's controlled end with the master control chip is connected, and the antenna is connected to the output.
Furthermore, first audio frequency modulation circuit includes filtering amplitude limiting circuit, modulation amplifier circuit and LC three point oscillation circuit, filtering amplitude limiting circuit's input with pickup circuit's left sound channel port is connected, the output with modulation amplifier circuit's first input end is connected, LC three point oscillation circuit with modulation amplifier circuit's second input end is connected, modulation amplifier circuit's output with mixing output circuit connects.
Furthermore, the mixing output circuit comprises a first phase-locked loop circuit, a mixing circuit, a first amplifying circuit and a second amplifying circuit, wherein the input end of the mixing circuit is respectively connected with the output ends of the first phase-locked loop circuit and the modulation amplifying circuit, the controlled end of the first phase-locked loop circuit is connected with the main control module, the feedback input end of the first phase-locked loop circuit is connected with the output end of the mixing circuit, and the output end of the mixing circuit is connected with the antenna through the first amplifying circuit and the second amplifying circuit.
Further, the signal transceiver module still includes audio frequency receiving circuit, audio frequency receiving circuit includes preamplification circuit, second phase-locked loop circuit, intermediate frequency synthetic circuit, single-point filter circuit, third amplifier circuit, frequency modulation demodulation circuit and audio frequency decoding output circuit, preamplification circuit's input with the antenna connection, the output with intermediate frequency synthetic circuit's input is connected, second phase-locked loop circuit's controlled end with main control chip connects, the output with intermediate frequency synthetic circuit's input is connected, intermediate frequency synthetic circuit's output through single-point filter circuit and third amplifier circuit with frequency modulation demodulation circuit's input is connected, frequency modulation demodulation circuit's output with audio frequency decoding output circuit's input is connected, audio frequency decoding output circuit's output with the loudspeaker of intercom are connected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging management chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle structure of a main control chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pickup circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first audio modulation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a schematic structure of a mixer output circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first part of a signal transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second part of the signal transceiver module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11-battery power switching circuit; 12-a first comparator; 13-a first potentiostat; 14-a first sampling circuit; 2-a charge management chip; 31-positive terminal; 32-negative terminal; 4-USB charging terminal; 51-a filter clipping circuit; 52-a modulation amplification circuit; 53-LC three-point oscillating circuit; 54-a first phase-locked loop circuit; 55-a mixer circuit; 56-first amplification circuit; 57-a second amplifying circuit; 61-a pre-amplifier circuit; 62-a second phase locked loop circuit; 63-an intermediate frequency synthesizing circuit; 64-a single point filter circuit; 65-a third amplifying circuit; 66-a frequency modulation demodulation circuit; 67-audio decoding output circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be a mechanical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description herein, references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intercom battery protection circuit, including: the intercom charging management system comprises a battery power switch circuit 11, a first comparator 12, a first sampling circuit 14 and a first voltage stabilizer 13, wherein the input end of the first voltage stabilizer 13 is connected with a positive terminal 31 of the intercom so as to be connected with the positive electrode of the battery through the positive terminal 31, a negative terminal 32 of the intercom is grounded, the output end of the first voltage stabilizer 13 is connected with a power supply end of the first comparator 12, the negative input end of the first comparator 12 is connected with the positive terminal 31 through the first sampling circuit 14, the positive input end of the first comparator 12 is connected with a reference voltage end of the first comparator 12, the output end of the first comparator 12 is connected with a controlled end of the battery power switch circuit 11, a first transmission end of the battery power switch circuit 11 is connected with a charging management chip 2 of the intercom, and a second transmission end of the battery power switch circuit 11 is connected with the positive terminal 31.
It should be noted that, when in use, the battery power switch circuit 11, the first comparator 12, the first sampling circuit 14 and the first voltage stabilizer 13 are disposed on a circuit board, the circuit board is loaded on the low power intercom, for example, the circuit board is installed near the power board inside the intercom, the battery port of the charging management chip 2 in the original intercom is disconnected from the positive terminal 31 in the battery box, so that the first transmission terminal of the battery power switch circuit 11 is connected with the charging management chip 2 of the intercom, the second transmission terminal is connected with the positive terminal 31, when the user inserts the battery into the battery slot of the low power intercom, the positive terminal of the battery is connected with the positive terminal 31, the negative terminal of the battery is connected with the negative terminal 32, the first voltage stabilizer 13 converts the battery voltage, the first comparator 12 is powered, a stable reference voltage is generated inside the first comparator 12, the reference voltage is input to the positive input end of the first comparator 12 through the reference voltage end of the first comparator 12, the input end of the first sampling circuit 14 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the battery voltage is collected and converted, the converted voltage is input to the negative input end of the first comparator 12, at the moment, due to the output characteristic of the comparator, if a low-voltage battery is inserted, the voltage of the positive input end of the first comparator 12 is larger than the voltage of the negative input end of the first comparator, the first comparator 12 outputs a control signal to the battery power supply switch circuit 11, the first transmission end and the second input end of the battery power supply switch circuit 11 are conducted, the low-voltage battery is connected with the charging management chip 2, and the internal circuit of the interphone is powered; if the high-voltage battery is inserted, the voltage of the positive input end of the first comparator 12 is smaller than that of the negative input end of the first comparator, the output end of the first comparator 12 is 0, the first transmission end and the second input end of the battery power switch circuit 11 are not conducted, the high-voltage battery cannot supply power to circuits in the interphone, the damage to chips in the interphone when the high-voltage battery is placed into the low-power interphone by mistake is avoided, and therefore when the high-voltage battery is placed into the low-power interphone adopting the low-voltage battery by mistake, the chips in the low-power interphone are effectively protected.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the model of the first comparator 12 may adopt an SGM8706YN6G, the power supply voltage of the comparator of the SGM8706YN6G model is 2.8V, the internal reference voltage is 1.2V, correspondingly, in order to ensure that the power supply to the first comparator 12 is supplied, the model of the first regulator 13 may adopt an ME6228a28M3G to provide stable 2.8V power supply for the first comparator 12, and the model of the charging management chip 2 may be MT6370 as shown in fig. 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery power switch circuit 11 includes a first NMOS transistor and a first PMOS transistor group, the first PMOS transistor group is composed of 2 PMOS transistors with their sources connected to each other, a gate of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator 12, the source is grounded, a drain of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor group, a first drain terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the charging management chip 2 of the intercom, and a second drain terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the positive terminal 31.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1, in the drawing, the MOS transistor Q1 is a first NMOS transistor, and the chip U1 is a first PMOS transistor group, because a protection diode exists between a source and a drain in a PMOS transistor element, in order to avoid power supply between the battery and the charge management chip 2 through the protection diode, the first PMOS transistor group is composed of 2 PMOS transistors with connected sources, at this time, because the directions of the 2 protection diodes are opposite, when the first PMOS transistor group is not turned on, no current flows through the first PMOS transistor group, when the first PMOS transistor group is turned on, because the sources of the internal 2 MOS transistors are connected, the first drain end and the second drain end of the first PMOS transistor group are connected, and the first NMOS transistor provides a stable low-level signal for the first PMOS transistor group when it needs to be turned on; when the negative input end voltage of the first comparator 12 is smaller than the positive input end voltage, the first comparator 12 outputs a high level signal to the grid of the first NMOS tube, the first NMOS tube is conducted, the grid of 2 PMOS tubes in the first PMOS tube group is grounded, the first PMOS tube group is conducted, the battery is connected with the charging management chip 2, when the negative input end voltage of the first comparator 12 is larger than the positive input end voltage, the first comparator 12 outputs a 0V signal to the grid of the first NMOS tube, the first NMOS tube is cut off, the first PMOS tube group is not conducted, the battery is not connected with the charging management chip 2, accurate control over connection of the battery and the charging management chip 2 is achieved, damage to chips inside the interphone caused by mistakenly placing the high-voltage battery into the low-power interphone by a user is effectively avoided, and the design of electrical elements of the MOS tubes is adopted, the structure is simple, the occupied space of a circuit board is small, and the circuit board is convenient to load into the interphone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the first sampling circuit 14 includes a first resistor and a second resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal 31, a second end of the first resistor is respectively connected to a first end of the second resistor and a negative input end of the first comparator 12, a second end of the second resistor is grounded, and the first resistor and the second resistor divide the voltage at the positive terminal 31 and output the divided voltage to the first comparator 12, so that when the positive terminal 31 is connected to a high-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery, the negative input end of the first comparator 12 receives a voltage model different from a reference voltage thereof.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the accurate output of the first comparator 12, it is necessary to ensure that the voltage received by the negative input terminal of the first comparator 12 is smaller than the reference voltage when the low-voltage battery is used, and the voltage received by the negative input terminal of the first comparator 12 is larger than the reference voltage when the high-voltage battery is used, because the voltage working range of the high-voltage battery is 6.5V-8.4V, and the voltage working range of the low-voltage battery is 3V-4.35V, the first resistor and the second resistor are adopted for voltage division, the resistance value of the first resistor R3 may be 510K Ω, and the resistance value of the second resistor R2 may be 150K Ω, after voltage division, when the high-voltage battery is placed, the voltage output by the first sampling circuit 14 to the negative input terminal of the first comparator 12 is 1.55V-2.01V, and is larger than the reference voltage thereof, and when the low-voltage battery is placed, the voltage output by the first sampling circuit 14 to the negative input terminal of the first comparator 12 is 0.71V-1.04V, and smaller than the reference voltage thereof, wherein the voltage and the reference voltage of the low-voltage of the battery can be flexibly set according to the reference voltage range of the low-voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery protection circuit of the intercom further includes a first diode and a second diode, an anode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal 31, an output terminal of the first diode is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage stabilizer 13, an anode of the second diode is connected to the USB charging terminal 4 of the intercom, and the external power input port of the charging management chip 2 is connected to the USB charging terminal 4.
It should be noted that, when a user charges a battery, as shown in fig. 2, the external power input port of the charging management chip 2 may be connected to an external power supply, for example, a USB charging, the battery management port needs to charge the battery through the battery power switch circuit 11, at this time, in order to avoid that the voltage of the low-voltage battery to be charged is too low, the input and output voltages of the first voltage stabilizer 13 are insufficient, at this time, the input terminal of the first voltage stabilizer 13 is powered by the USB charging terminal 4 to provide stable voltage output to the first comparator 12, so as to ensure accurate control of the battery power switch circuit 11 by the first comparator 12, as shown in fig. 1, in order to avoid that the voltage of the USB charging terminal 4 is directly connected to the battery, the USB charging terminal 4 and the positive electrode of the battery are connected to the input terminal of the first voltage stabilizer 13 through the second diode D2 and the first diode D1, respectively.
In summary, when the low-voltage battery is inserted, the first voltage regulator 13 outputs stable power to the first comparator 12, the first comparator 12 operates, the reference voltage of the first comparator 12 is 1.2V, the first sampling circuit 14 divides the battery voltage, the voltage range output to the first comparator 12 is 0.71V-1.04V, the voltage at the negative input end of the first comparator 12 is smaller than that at the positive input end, the first comparator 12 outputs a high level, the first NMOS Q1 is turned on, the gate of the first PMOS transistor is a low level, and the first PMOS transistor is turned on, so that the low-voltage battery supplies power to the internal components of the intercom through the charging management chip 2.
When the low-voltage battery is over-discharged and is dead, an activation circuit can be realized by inserting a USB charger, the USB charging end 4 provides input voltage for the first voltage stabilizer 13, the first voltage stabilizer 13 outputs stable power supply for the first comparator 12, the first comparator 12 works, after the first sampling circuit 14 divides the voltage of the battery, the voltage range output by the first comparator 12 is smaller than reference voltage, the first comparator 12 outputs high level, the first NMOS tube Q1 is conducted, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube group is low level, the first PMOS tube group is conducted, and the USB charging end 4 charges the low-voltage battery through the charging management chip 2.
When a high-voltage battery is inserted, the first voltage stabilizer 13 outputs stable power supply for the first comparator 12, the first comparator 12 works, the reference voltage of the first comparator 12 is 1.2V, after the first sampling circuit 14 divides the voltage of the battery, the voltage range output to the first comparator 12 is 1.55V-2.01V, the voltage of the negative input end of the first comparator 12 is greater than that of the positive input end, the first comparator 12 outputs high level, the first NMOS transistor Q1 is cut off, the first PMOS transistor group is not conducted, and the high-voltage battery cannot supply power to internal elements of the interphone through the charging management chip 2.
When the high-voltage battery is over-discharged or is dead, the activation circuit can be realized by inserting a USB charger, the USB charging end 4 provides input voltage for the first voltage stabilizer 13, the first voltage stabilizer 13 outputs stable power supply for the first comparator 12, the first comparator 12 works, after the voltage of the battery is divided by the first sampling circuit 14, the voltage range output by the first comparator 12 is smaller than reference voltage, the first comparator 12 outputs high level, the first NMOS tube Q1 is conducted, the grid of the first PMOS tube group is low level, the first PMOS tube group is conducted, the USB charging end 4 charges the battery through the charging management chip 2, and the USB voltage of the high-voltage battery in the voltage range of 6.5V-8.4V,5V cannot activate the high-voltage battery.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the interphone battery protection circuit further includes a first filter capacitor bank and a second filter capacitor bank, where the first filter capacitor bank and the second filter capacitor bank are respectively connected to an input end and an output end of the first voltage stabilizer 13, so that the first voltage stabilizer 13 outputs a stable voltage to the first comparator 12, and the power supply voltage and the reference voltage of the first comparator 12 are stable.
It should be noted that, because the first comparator 12 is powered by the first voltage stabilizer 13 and generates an internal reference voltage, it is necessary to ensure that the voltage output by the first voltage stabilizer 13 is accurate and stable, and then the stable operation of the first comparator 12 can be ensured, therefore, the input end and the output end of the first voltage stabilizer 13 are respectively provided with a first filter capacitor bank and a second filter capacitor bank to filter out power noise at two ends of the first voltage stabilizer 13, and ensure that the voltage output by the first voltage stabilizer 13 is accurate and stable, as shown in fig. 1, the first filter capacitor bank includes capacitors C20 and C21 connected in parallel, and the second filter capacitor bank includes capacitors C18 and C19 connected in parallel.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides an intercom, including the intercom battery protection circuit as described in any of the above, as well as a power supply circuit, a main control chip and a signal transceiving module, wherein a signal port of the charging management chip 2 is connected with the main control chip, and an output end of the charging management chip 2 provides power to the main control chip and the signal transceiving module through the power supply circuit, respectively.
It should be noted that, because the interphone battery protection circuit is adopted, the interphone of the invention can effectively protect the high-voltage battery when the high-voltage battery is erroneously installed, and the main control chip can be an STM32F030C6T6TR model as shown in fig. 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal transceiving module includes an audio transmitting circuit, the audio transmitting circuit includes a pickup circuit, a first audio modulation circuit, a second audio modulation circuit, and a mixing output circuit, a left channel port and a right channel port of the pickup circuit are respectively connected to input terminals of the first audio modulation circuit and the second audio modulation circuit, output terminals of the first audio modulation circuit and the second audio modulation circuit are connected to an input terminal of the mixing output circuit, a controlled terminal of the mixing output circuit is connected to the main control chip, and an output terminal of the mixing output circuit is connected to the antenna.
It should be noted that the audio transmitting circuit can receive user's voice and transmit the user's voice wirelessly, wherein the sound pick-up circuit receives the user's voice and outputs voice signals through the left and right channel ports thereof, the first audio modulating circuit and the second audio modulating circuit respectively modulate the voice signals output from the left and right channel ports to reduce noise thereof and modulate the voice signals to facilitate mixed transmission, the mixing output circuit can convert the modulated voice signals into frequencies set by the user to transmit under the control of the main control module, so as to realize collection and transmission of the voice, as shown in fig. 4, the sound pick-up device JI0 can convert the user's voice into voice signals, and the left and right channels of the sound pick-up device JI0 are respectively provided with the protection diodes ESD1 and ESD2 to filter surge current signals and protect the circuits.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the first audio modulation circuit includes a filtering and amplitude limiting circuit 51, a modulation and amplification circuit 52, and an LC three-point oscillation circuit 53, an input end of the filtering and amplitude limiting circuit 51 is connected to a left channel port of the sound pickup circuit, an output end of the filtering and amplitude limiting circuit is connected to a first input end of the modulation and amplification circuit 52, the LC three-point oscillation circuit 53 is connected to a second input end of the modulation and amplification circuit 52, and an output end of the modulation and amplification circuit 52 is connected to the mixing output circuit.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, the filtering and amplitude limiting circuit 51 may filter noise in the sound signal, and limit the amplitude of the sound signal so as to modulate and output the sound signal, the sound signal is output to the transistor Q19 in the modulation and amplification circuit 52 through the filtering and amplitude limiting circuit 51, and in the LC three-point oscillator circuit 53, three poles of the transistor Q18 are respectively connected to an oscillator circuit formed by the inductors L20 and C162, so that the transistor Q18 generates an intermediate frequency signal of 6MHZ, the intermediate frequency signal enters the transistor Q19 at the same time, the transistor Q19 completes modulation of the sound signal, and performs amplification and output, thereby improving the definition of the mixing output circuit receiving the sound signal output by the first audio modulation circuit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mixing output circuit includes a first phase-locked loop circuit 54, a mixing circuit 55, a first amplifying circuit 56, and a second amplifying circuit 57, an input end of the mixing circuit 55 is connected to output ends of the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 and the modulation amplifying circuit 52, a controlled end of the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 is connected to the main control module, a feedback input end is connected to an output end of the mixing circuit 55, and an output end of the mixing circuit 55 is connected to the antenna through the first amplifying circuit 56 and the second amplifying circuit 57.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 6, the output end of the modulation amplifying circuit 52 sends the modulated sound signal to the triode Q16 of the mixing circuit 55, the main control chip sends a control instruction to the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 according to the frequency band selected by the user interphone, the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 generates a local oscillation signal, and simultaneously enters the triode Q16 for mixing to obtain a sound emission signal of the required frequency band, which is output by the output end of the mixing circuit 55, the feedback input end of the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 is connected to the output end of the mixing circuit 55, collects the sound emission signal and performs a comparison analysis, so as to continuously adjust the output of the local oscillation signal according to the setting of the main control chip, so that the frequency of the sound emission signal better conforms to the setting of the user, so as to ensure that the sound emission signal can be more accurately received after being emitted by the antenna, the first amplifying circuit 56 and the second amplifying circuit 57 can perform 2-level amplification on the sound emission signal, so as to ensure the propagation range after the sound emission signal is emitted, and the sound emission signal is output to the antenna after 2-level amplification; the first phase-locked loop circuit 54 may adopt a phase-locked loop U22 with model SP5055, where pin 16 of the phase-locked loop U22 is an output terminal, pins 4 and 5 are controlled terminals, and pin 13 is a feedback input terminal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal transceiver module further includes an audio receiving circuit, the audio receiving circuit includes a pre-amplifier circuit 61, a second phase-locked loop circuit 62, an intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit 63, a single-point filter circuit 64, a third amplifier circuit 65, a fm demodulator circuit 66, and an audio decoding output circuit 67, an input end of the pre-amplifier circuit 61 is connected to the antenna, an output end of the pre-amplifier circuit is connected to an input end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit 63, a controlled end of the second phase-locked loop circuit 62 is connected to the main control chip, an output end of the second phase-locked loop circuit is connected to an input end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit 63, an output end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit 63 is connected to an input end of the fm demodulator circuit 66 through the single-point filter circuit 64 and the third amplifier circuit 65, an output end of the fm demodulator circuit 66 is connected to an input end of the audio decoding output circuit 67, and an output end of the audio decoding output circuit 67 is connected to a speaker of the intercom.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the pre-amplifier circuit 61, Q3 and Q4 are low noise amplifiers, which mainly amplify the received signal received through the antenna to improve the noise coefficient of the received signal, and output the received signal to the intermediate frequency synthesizing circuit 63, in the second pll circuit 62, the pll U12 of model SP5055 sends out a proper local oscillation signal under the control of the main control chip, the local oscillation signal is amplified by the amplifier Q10 and then output to the intermediate frequency synthesizing circuit 63, the received signal and the local oscillation signal are synthesized into an intermediate frequency received signal suitable for demodulation and decoding, the single-point filter circuit 64 can filter noise in the intermediate frequency received signal to improve the stability thereof, the intermediate frequency received signal is filtered by the filter circuit 64 and amplified by the third amplifying circuit 65, and then output to the demodulating circuit 66, as shown in fig. 8, the fm demodulating circuit 66 demodulates the intermediate frequency received signal and then outputs to the audio decoding output circuit 67, after the intermediate frequency received signal is decoded by the audio decoding output circuit 67, a speaker synthesizes the frequency modulated received signal into an intermediate frequency signal, and then adjusts the output amplitude of the fm signal to a stable receiving signal, in other words, the speaker output circuit is a speaker capable of outputting a stable receiving signal 1465, and further, which the speaker output signal is capable of outputting a stable receiving signal.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An intercom battery protection circuit, comprising: the battery power supply system comprises a battery power supply switch circuit (11), a first comparator (12), a first sampling circuit (14) and a first voltage stabilizer (13), wherein the input end of the first voltage stabilizer (13) is connected with a positive terminal (31) of the interphone, so that the positive terminal (31) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, a negative terminal (32) of the interphone is grounded, the output end of the first voltage stabilizer (13) is connected with the power end of the first comparator (12), the negative input end of the first comparator (12) is connected with the positive terminal (31) through the first sampling circuit (14), the positive input end of the first comparator (12) is connected with the reference voltage end of the first comparator (12), the output end of the first comparator (12) is connected with the controlled end of the battery power supply switch circuit (11), the first transmission end of the battery power supply switch circuit (11) is connected with the charging management chip (2) of the interphone, and the second transmission end of the positive terminal (31) is connected with the positive terminal (31).
2. The interphone battery protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein said battery power switch circuit (11) comprises a first NMOS tube and a first PMOS tube set, said first PMOS tube set is composed of 2 PMOS tubes connected with each other by source, the gate of said first NMOS tube is connected with the output end of said first comparator (12), the source is grounded, the drain of said first NMOS tube is connected with the gate of said first PMOS tube set, the first drain of said first PMOS tube set is connected with the charging management chip (2) of said interphone, the second drain is connected with said positive terminal (31).
3. The interphone battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the first sampling circuit (14) comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected with the positive terminal (31), a second end of the first resistor is respectively connected with a first end of the second resistor and a negative input end of the first comparator (12), a second end of the second resistor is grounded, and the first resistor and the second resistor divide the voltage at the positive terminal (31) and output the divided voltage to the first comparator (12), so that when the positive terminal (31) is connected with a high-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery, the negative input end of the first comparator (12) receives a voltage model different from the reference voltage.
4. The interphone battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first diode and a second diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal (31), the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage stabilizer (13), the anode of the second diode is connected to the USB charging terminal (4) of the interphone, and the external power input port of the charging management chip (2) is connected to the USB charging terminal (4).
5. The interphone battery protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first filter capacitor bank and a second filter capacitor bank, wherein the first filter capacitor bank and the second filter capacitor bank are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the first voltage stabilizer (13), so that the first voltage stabilizer (13) outputs a stable voltage to the first comparator (12), and the power voltage and the reference voltage of the first comparator (12) are stable.
6. An interphone, characterized in that, including the interphone battery protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and a power supply circuit, a main control chip and a signal transceiver module, the signal port of the charging management chip (2) is connected with the main control chip, the output end of the charging management chip (2) provides power to the main control chip and the signal transceiver module through the power supply circuit, respectively.
7. The interphone according to claim 6, wherein the signal transceiver module comprises an audio transmitter circuit, the audio transmitter circuit comprises a pickup circuit, a first audio modulation circuit, a second audio modulation circuit and a mixing output circuit, the left and right channel ports of the pickup circuit are respectively connected to the input ends of the first and second audio modulation circuits, the output ends of the first and second audio modulation circuits are connected to the input end of the mixing output circuit, the controlled end of the mixing output circuit is connected to the main control chip, and the output end of the mixing output circuit is connected to the antenna.
8. The interphone of claim 7, wherein the first audio modulation circuit comprises a filtering limiter circuit (51), a modulation amplifier circuit (52) and an LC three-point oscillator circuit (53), wherein an input end of the filtering limiter circuit (51) is connected to a left channel port of the pickup circuit, an output end of the filtering limiter circuit is connected to a first input end of the modulation amplifier circuit (52), the LC three-point oscillator circuit (53) is connected to a second input end of the modulation amplifier circuit (52), and an output end of the modulation amplifier circuit (52) is connected to the mixing output circuit.
9. The interphone of claim 8, wherein the mixing output circuit comprises a first phase-locked loop circuit (54), a mixing circuit (55), a first amplifying circuit (56) and a second amplifying circuit (57), wherein an input end of the mixing circuit (55) is connected with output ends of the first phase-locked loop circuit (54) and the modulating amplifying circuit (52), respectively, a controlled end of the first phase-locked loop circuit (54) is connected with the main control chip, a feedback input end of the mixing circuit (55) is connected with an output end of the mixing circuit, and an output end of the mixing circuit (55) is connected with the antenna through the first amplifying circuit (56) and the second amplifying circuit (57).
10. The interphone according to claim 7, wherein the transceiver module further comprises an audio receiving circuit, the audio receiving circuit comprises a pre-amplifier circuit (61), a second phase-locked loop circuit (62), an intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit (63), a single-point filter circuit (64), a third amplifier circuit (65), a frequency modulation demodulator circuit (66) and an audio decoding output circuit (67), an input end of the pre-amplifier circuit (61) is connected with the antenna, an output end of the pre-amplifier circuit is connected with an input end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit (63), a controlled end of the second phase-locked loop circuit (62) is connected with the main control chip, an output end of the second phase-locked loop circuit is connected with an input end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit (63), an output end of the intermediate frequency synthesizer circuit (63) is connected with an input end of the intermediate frequency demodulator circuit (66) through the single-point filter circuit (64) and the third amplifier circuit (65), an output end of the frequency modulation demodulator circuit (66) is connected with an input end of the audio decoding output circuit (67), and an output end of the audio decoding output circuit (67) is connected with a speaker of the frequency modulation demodulator circuit (67).
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| CN202211361958.4A CN115411828A (en) | 2022-11-02 | 2022-11-02 | Interphone battery protection circuit and interphone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211361958.4A CN115411828A (en) | 2022-11-02 | 2022-11-02 | Interphone battery protection circuit and interphone |
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| CN115411828A true CN115411828A (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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| CN202211361958.4A Pending CN115411828A (en) | 2022-11-02 | 2022-11-02 | Interphone battery protection circuit and interphone |
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