CN115404890A - Construction method of open caisson - Google Patents
Construction method of open caisson Download PDFInfo
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- CN115404890A CN115404890A CN202211229746.0A CN202211229746A CN115404890A CN 115404890 A CN115404890 A CN 115404890A CN 202211229746 A CN202211229746 A CN 202211229746A CN 115404890 A CN115404890 A CN 115404890A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/10—Placing gravel or light material under water inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of an open caisson, which specifically comprises the steps of preparing a prefabricated member, preparing an open caisson base, splicing the prefabricated member, connecting a screw column, casting concrete on site, sinking the open caisson, injecting gravel, repeatedly performing the steps of 3-7, filling the bottom of the open caisson and injecting cement slurry; the open caisson wall is set into a plurality of prefabricated parts, and the prefabricated parts are prepared in batches by adopting a mold, so that the production efficiency is improved; during splicing, the first clamping table is clamped with the first clamping groove in the circumferential direction of the open caisson; in the vertical direction, the second clamping table is clamped with the second clamping groove; the adjacent prefabricated parts and the open caisson base are connected into a whole, so that the integrity of the open caisson is improved; the first arc-shaped block, the second arc-shaped block and the open caisson base which adopt the prefabricated members are enclosed to form a cavity, reinforcing steel bars are bound in the cavity, and concrete is cast in situ, so that gaps between the prefabricated members and joints of the concrete cast in situ are staggered in the vertical direction, and the improvement of the integrity, the strength and the impermeability of the open caisson is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy facility construction methods, and particularly relates to a construction method of an open caisson.
Background
The open caisson is of a cylindrical structure, soil in the open caisson is excavated, and the open caisson sinks after the frictional resistance of the well wall of a customer under the action of self gravity or external force to reach a designed elevation; and filling the well bottom to form the foundation structure of other buildings. The open caisson is widely applied to foundation pits of large bridge piers, pump houses of water taking and sewage treatment plants and foundations of water conservancy facilities beside rivers and lakes.
In the traditional open caisson construction, the construction mode of the well body comprises cast-in-place concrete and a prefabricated well body. The construction of cast-in-place concrete, namely building a formwork on the open caisson construction site, and pouring the mixed concrete into the formwork to finish the construction; the method has the characteristics of high construction difficulty of the die carrier on site and long construction period; the open caisson wall is large in thickness, and the cast-in-place concrete is long in solidification time and maintenance time. The prefabricated well body is formed by dividing the well body into a plurality of prefabricated parts and preparing the prefabricated parts in advance; assembling on the open caisson construction site; the construction speed is high, but the integrity of the constructed open caisson is poor, and the construction quality of the open caisson is reduced. In order to improve the construction efficiency and integrity of the open caisson, the open caisson becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the construction efficiency and integrity of the open caisson, the invention provides a construction method of the open caisson; in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the construction method of the open caisson is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 2, preparing the open caisson base: adopting reinforced concrete to pour the foundation of the open caisson according to the size requirement of the open caisson; the open caisson base comprises a ring platform, and a second clamping groove or a second clamping platform which is matched with the prefabricated member is arranged on the upper end surface of the ring platform; the upper end face of the annular table is provided with a screw rod column, the screw rod column is vertically arranged in the axial direction, and the lower end of the screw rod column is embedded in the annular table in advance;
step 6, sinking the open caisson: removing soil at the lower end of the open caisson to enable the open caisson to sink uniformly, wherein the sinking depth of the open caisson meets the process requirement;
step 9, filling the bottom of the well: paving gravels to the well bottom, leveling the well bottom, and casting reinforced concrete in situ to complete well bottom construction;
The open caisson construction method has the beneficial effects that: the open caisson wall is set into a plurality of prefabricated parts, and the prefabricated parts are prepared in batches by adopting a mold, so that the production efficiency is improved; the prefabricated part is arranged into a first arc-shaped block, a second arc-shaped block and a connecting steel column, and the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are connected into a whole through the connecting steel column; during splicing, the first clamping table is clamped with the first clamping groove in the circumferential direction of the open caisson; in the vertical direction, the second clamping table is clamped with the second clamping groove; the prefabricated members are clamped with the upper end surface of the open caisson base, so that the adjacent prefabricated members and the open caisson base are connected into a whole; the integrity of the open caisson is improved;
according to the invention, the first arc-shaped block, the second arc-shaped block and the open caisson base of the prefabricated member are enclosed to form a cavity, and reinforcing steel bars and cast-in-place concrete are bound in the cavity, so that gaps between the prefabricated members and joints of the cast-in-place concrete are staggered in the vertical direction, and the integrity, strength and impermeability of the open caisson are improved; the screw columns are connected through the threaded sleeves, so that the screw columns extend upwards, and are buried in the cast-in-place concrete, and the integrity of the cast-in-place concrete poured in layers is improved; the prefabricated member and the base are enclosed to form a chamber, and a formwork does not need to be built on an open caisson construction site; the problems of high construction difficulty and long construction period of the die carrier on site are solved; the prefab need not to dismantle, when supporting the most weight of the wall of a well, has limiting displacement to cast in situ concrete, need not to wait for after cast in situ concrete maintenance is accomplished, just can pour next layer concrete, improves production efficiency.
In step 5 and step 7, sand or gravel is injected between the outer side wall of the open caisson and the pit wall to provide support for the pit wall and prevent the pit wall from collapsing.
Furthermore, the first clamping groove is a dovetail groove, and the first clamping platform is a dovetail platform; when the prefabricated parts are assembled, the dovetail platforms are clamped into the dovetail grooves from the up-down direction, and clamping between two adjacent prefabricated parts in the left-right direction is achieved.
Has the beneficial effects that: in the circumference of the open caisson, the two adjacent prefabricated members are clamped into the dovetail groove from the upper direction and the lower direction through the dovetail table, so that clamping is realized, connection is tight and firm, a connection gap between every two adjacent prefabricated members is a bending gap, the connection tightness between the prefabricated members is improved, and the escape of concrete when the concrete is poured at present is reduced.
Further, the connecting steel columns comprise a plurality of connecting steel columns; in the vertical direction, a plurality of connecting steel columns are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated member and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the prefabricated member; and steel platforms are welded at the two ends of the connecting steel column respectively.
Has the beneficial effects that: the connecting steel columns are uniformly arranged at intervals, so that the integrity of the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block is improved; the connecting steel column is arranged in the middle of the prefabricated part, and the template is arranged by taking a central connecting line of the connecting steel column as a boundary, so that the interference between the template and the connecting steel column is avoided, and the mounting and dismounting efficiency of the template is improved.
Further, binding steel bars in the cast-in-place concrete in the step 5 before splicing the prefabricated members in the step 2; and (3) after the prefabricated member is spliced in the step (2), further fixing, and binding and fixing on the screw column and the connecting steel column.
Has the beneficial effects that: the steel bars in the step 5 are bound before the prefabricated members are spliced in the step 2, so that interference between the bound steel bars and the connecting steel columns is avoided when the prefabricated members are spliced; after the prefabricated member is spliced in the step 2, the prefabricated member is further fixed, so that the bound steel bars are positioned in the middle of the cast-in-place concrete, and the integrity and the strength of the cast-in-place concrete are improved.
Furthermore, the open caisson base also comprises a sharp foot, and the cross section of the sharp foot is triangular; the pointed foot is arranged at the lower end of the annular table and is integrated with the table changing table; v-shaped steel plates are embedded at the lower ends of the pointed feet.
Has the advantages that: the sharp foot is designed into a triangle, so that the stress area is reduced in the sinking process of the open caisson base, the sinking efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, part of soil is extruded to the pit wall, the compactness of the pit wall is improved, and the collapse of the pit wall is reduced; the V-shaped steel plate is embedded at the lower end, so that the sharp foot is prevented from being worn and falling off in the sinking process.
Further, the second clamping groove or the second clamping table and the screw rod column are arranged on the inner side of the upper end face of the annular table; in the sinking process of the open caisson, a gap is formed between the outer side of the wall of the open caisson and the wall of the caisson, and the gap is used for filling gravel.
Has the advantages that: a gap exists between the outer side of the wall of the open caisson and the wall of the open caisson, so that the frictional resistance is reduced, and the sinking efficiency is improved; the gravel transmits partial pressure and reduces collapse of the pit wall.
Further, the particle size of the gravel used in the step 7 is 5mm to 20mm; the roundness of the gravel is round or extremely round; in the step 10, the cement slurry is injected under pressure, the liquid outlet end of the liquid injection pipe is embedded into the gravel, and the injection pressure is controlled to be 0.2-3 MPa.
Has the advantages that: the gravel with the particle size of 5 mm-20 mm and the roundness of round or extremely round is selected, when the gravel is filled in the gap between the outer side of the wall of the open caisson and the wall of the pit, a cavity is formed between the gravels, so that later-period cement liquid can be conveniently injected and filled, and after the cement liquid is solidified, the gravel forms a whole, so that the stability of the open caisson is improved; when the open caisson sinks, the open caisson moves relative to the well wall, the gravel sinks along with rolling, sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, friction force is reduced, and open caisson sinking efficiency is improved; when cement grout is injected, the pressure is controlled to be 0.2-3 MPa, which is beneficial to the rapid infiltration of the cement grout and improves the injection quality.
Further, before the open caisson base is prepared in the step 2, a plurality of steel piles are pressed in, and the steel piles are located on the outer side of the open caisson base and evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the open caisson base.
Has the beneficial effects that: when meeting the construction site with soft geology, the steel pile is pressed in advance, and when the soil is tightly squeezed, the pit wall provides support in the soil excavation process, so that the collapse of the pit wall is avoided or reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an open caisson manufactured by a construction method of the open caisson according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a prefabricated part used in the method for constructing an open caisson according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a preform.
In the figure: 1-prefabricated part, 11-first arc-shaped block, 12-second arc-shaped block, 13-connecting steel column, 14-steel platform, 15-first clamping groove, 16-first clamping table, 17-second clamping groove, 18-second clamping table, 2-open caisson base, 21-annular table, 22-sharp foot, 23-V-shaped steel plate, 3-screw rod column, 4-screw sleeve, 5-reinforcing steel bar, 6-cast-in-place concrete, 7-gravel and 8-cement slurry; 9-open caisson wall; 10-bottom hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
the construction method of the open caisson comprises the following specific steps:
according to the requirements of open caisson construction drawings, the open caisson wall 9 is divided into a plurality of prefabricated parts 1 with the same structure. The structure of the prefabricated member 1 is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises a first arc-shaped block 11, a second arc-shaped block 12 and a connecting steel column 13. The first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 are arranged in parallel at intervals. Two ends of the connecting steel column 13 are respectively embedded in the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12, and are used for connecting the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 into a whole.
In this embodiment, the steel platforms 14 are respectively welded at two ends of the connecting steel column 13, the two steel platforms 14 are parallel to each other, and the axis of the connecting steel column 13 is perpendicular to the welding plane of the steel platforms 14; the steel platform 14 is pre-buried in the first arc piece 11 and the second arc piece 12. The connecting steel column 13 comprises a plurality of steel columns; in the vertical direction, a plurality of connecting steel columns 13 are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated member 1 and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the prefabricated member 1; the connecting steel columns 13 are uniformly arranged at intervals, so that the integrity of the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 is improved; arranging a connecting steel column 13 in the middle of a prefabricated part 1, and splicing a special template and a sliding block to manufacture the prefabricated part 1; the formworks on the opposite surfaces of the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 are divided into an upper block and a lower block by taking a central connecting line for connecting the steel column 13 as a boundary; avoid the template and connect and interfere between the steel column 13, improve the installation of template and dismantle efficiency. In other embodiments, no steel platforms are arranged at the two ends of the connecting steel column, and the two ends of the connecting steel column are directly embedded in the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block.
The left ends of the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 are respectively provided with a first clamping groove 15, the right end of the first arc-shaped block is provided with a first clamping table 16, the first clamping groove 15 is used for being connected with the first clamping table 16 at the right end of the adjacent prefabricated member 1, and the first clamping table 16 is used for being connected with the first clamping groove 15 at the left end of the adjacent prefabricated member 1; and the upper end and the lower end of the first arc-shaped block 11 and the second arc-shaped block 12 are respectively provided with a second clamping groove 17 and a second clamping table 18, and the second clamping groove 17 and the second clamping table 18 are respectively matched with the upper prefabricated part 1 and the lower prefabricated part 1 which are adjacent to each other.
In this embodiment, the first card slot 15 is a dovetail slot, and the first card platform 16 is a dovetail platform; when assembling, the dovetail platform is clamped into the dovetail groove from the up-down direction, and the clamping connection between two adjacent prefabricated parts 1 in the left-right direction is realized. In the circumference of open caisson, go up the card through the dovetail in the dovetail between two adjacent prefab 1 from the top down, realize the joint, it is inseparable firm to have the connection to connect the gap between two liang of adjacent prefabs 1 and be the gap of bending, improve the connection leakproofness between the two, when reducing cast-in-place concrete 6, the escape of concrete. In other embodiments, the first clamping groove is a strip-shaped groove, the first clamping table is a strip-shaped boss, and the strip-shaped boss is inserted into the strip-shaped groove during assembling, so that clamping between the left and right adjacent prefabricated members is realized.
Step 2, preparing the open caisson base 2:
adopting reinforced bar 5 concrete to pour the open caisson base 2 according to the size requirement of the open caisson; the open caisson base 2 comprises a ring platform 21, and a second clamping groove 17 or a second clamping platform 18 matched with the prefabricated member 1 is arranged on the upper end face of the ring platform 21. The second draw-in groove 17 is the bar groove, and second ka tai 18 is the bar boss, bar groove and bar boss adaptation. In the present embodiment, a second locking groove 17 is provided on the upper end surface of the ring table 21. During splicing, the second clamping table 18 on the lower end surface of the prefabricated part 1 at the bottommost layer is inserted into the second clamping groove 17 on the upper end surface of the ring table 21.
The upper end face of the ring platform 21 is provided with a screw rod column 3, the screw rod column 3 is vertically arranged in the axial direction, and the lower end of the screw rod column 3 is embedded in the ring platform 21. In the present embodiment, the second locking groove 17 and the screw post 3 are disposed inside the upper end surface of the annular table 21; in the sinking process of the open caisson, a gap is formed between the outer side of the wall 9 of the open caisson and the wall of the open caisson for filling gravel 7. A gap exists between the outer side of the open caisson wall 9 and the wall of the open caisson, so that the frictional resistance is reduced, and the sinking efficiency is improved; the gravel 7 transmits part of the pressure, reducing collapse of the pit wall.
In this embodiment, the caisson base 2 further includes a toe 22, and the cross section of the toe 22 is triangular; the sharp foot 22 is arranged at the lower end of the annular table 21 and is integrated with the table changing table; the lower end of the sharp foot 22 is embedded with a V-shaped steel plate 23. The sharp foot 22 is designed to be triangular, so that the stress area is reduced in the sinking process of the open caisson base 2, the sinking efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, part of soil is extruded to the pit wall, the compactness of the pit wall is improved, and the pit wall collapse is reduced; the lower end is embedded with a V-shaped steel plate 23, so that the sharp foot 22 is prevented from being worn and falling off in the sinking process. In other embodiments, when the open caisson is constructed in special geology (such as marsh, lake and the like), the lower end surface of the open caisson base is not provided with a sharp foot.
splicing the prefabricated part 1 in the step 1 on a ring platform 21 to form a layer of prefabricated part 1, inserting a second clamping platform 18 at the lower end of the prefabricated part 1 into a second clamping groove 17 of the ring platform 21 to realize clamping, and clamping adjacent prefabricated parts 1 through a first clamping groove 15 and the second clamping platform 18; the first arc-shaped block 11, the second arc-shaped block 12 and the open caisson base 2 of the prefabricated member 1 enclose to form a chamber, and the chamber forms a template chamber for supplying cast-in-place concrete.
and connecting the lower end of the next screw column 3 to the upper end of the screw column 3 in the step 2 by being in threaded connection with the two ends of the screw sleeve 4, so that the screw column 3 extends upwards. And when in connection, the two ends of the connecting screw column 3 need to be polished and derusted.
and (3) binding the reinforcing steel bars 5, watering to thoroughly wet the prefabricated part 1, pouring the prefabricated concrete into a cavity formed by enclosing the first arc-shaped block 11, the second arc-shaped block 12 and the open caisson base 2, and tamping, solidifying and maintaining. Before the concrete 6 is poured, the prefabricated part 1 is thoroughly wetted, so that after the concrete is poured, the prefabricated part 1 absorbs water to change the water content in the concrete and reduce the performance of the solidified concrete.
In the embodiment, the steel bars 5 in the cast-in-place concrete in the step 5 are bound before the prefabricated member 1 is spliced in the step 2; and (3) after the prefabricated member 1 is spliced in the step (2), further fixing the prefabricated member, and binding and fixing the prefabricated member on the screw column 3 and the connecting steel column 13. Binding the steel bars 5 in the step 5 is advanced to the place before splicing the prefabricated members 1 in the step 2, so that interference between the bound steel bars 5 and the connecting steel columns 13 is avoided when the prefabricated members 1 are spliced; after the prefabricated member 1 is spliced in the step 2, the prefabricated member is further fixed, so that the bound reinforcing steel bars 5 are positioned in the middle of the cast-in-place concrete 6, and the integrity and the strength of the cast-in-place concrete 6 are improved. In other embodiments, when the structure of the prefabricated member is small, the prefabricated member can be spliced in the step, and then construction is carried out in a mode of binding reinforcing steel bars of cast-in-place concrete on site.
Step 6, sinking the open caisson:
and removing the soil at the bottom 1010 of the open caisson to enable the open caisson to sink slowly, wherein the soil at the bottom 1010 of the open caisson is removed in a balanced manner in the construction process to enable the open caisson to sink in a balanced manner, deviation in the descending process of the open caisson is reduced, and the sinking depth of the open caisson meets the construction requirement of construction at the stage.
sand or gravel 7 is injected between the outer sidewall of the open caisson and the pit wall for filling the gap. The particle size of the used gravel 7 is 5 mm-20 mm; the roundness of the gravel 7 is round or extremely round. When the gravels 7 are filled in the gap between the outer side of the open caisson wall 9 and the pit wall, cavities are formed among the gravels 7, so that later-stage cement liquid can be conveniently injected and filled, and after the cement liquid is solidified, the gravels 7 form a whole, so that the stability of the open caisson is improved; when the open caisson sinks, the open caisson moves relative to the well wall, the gravel 7 sinks along with rolling, sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, friction force is reduced, and the open caisson sinking efficiency is improved.
repeating the step 3 to the step 7 to ensure that the sinking depth of the open caisson reaches the designed elevation; and finishing the sinking of the open caisson.
Step 9, plugging the bottom hole 1010:
and paving gravel 7 to the well bottom 1010, leveling the well bottom 1010, and pouring reinforced concrete 5 in situ to finish the construction of the well bottom 1010.
the cement solution is infiltrated into the gaps between the gravels 7 in step 7 to fill the gaps between the gravels 7. In this example, the cement slurry 8 was injected under pressure, and the outlet end of the injection pipe was embedded in the gravel 7, and the injection pressure was controlled to 0.2 to 3MPa. The rapid infiltration of the cement slurry 8 is facilitated, and the injection quality is improved; the cement slurry 8 is filled in the holes or gaps between the gravels 7, so that the gravels 7 form a whole, and the stability of the open caisson is improved.
According to the invention, the open caisson wall 9 is set into a plurality of prefabricated parts 1, and the prefabricated parts 1 are prepared in batches by adopting a mold, so that the production efficiency is improved. The first arc piece 11, the second arc piece 12 and the open caisson base 2 of prefab 1 enclose and close and form the cavity, ligature reinforcing bar 5 and cast-in-place build concrete 6 in the cavity, make the gap between prefab 1 and cast-in-place build the joint of concrete 6 and misplace in vertical direction, are favorable to improving the wholeness, intensity and the impervious ability of open caisson. The prefabricated part 1 and the base are enclosed to form a cavity, and a formwork does not need to be built on an open caisson construction site; the problems of high construction difficulty and long construction period of the die carrier on site are solved; prefab 1 need not to dismantle, when supporting the most weight of the wall of a well, has limiting displacement to cast-in-place concrete 6, need not to wait for cast-in-place concrete 6 to maintain and accomplish the back, just can pour next layer concrete, improves production efficiency.
When a construction site with soft geology is encountered, a plurality of steel piles are pressed in before the open caisson base 2 is prepared in the step 2, and the steel piles are located on the outer side of the open caisson base 2 and are evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the open caisson base 2. The steel pile column is pressed in advance, soil is tightly squeezed, and meanwhile, support is provided for the pit wall in the soil excavation process, and collapse of the pit wall is avoided or reduced.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The construction method of the open caisson is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a prefabricated part: dividing the wall of the open caisson into prefabricated parts with the same structure, wherein each prefabricated part comprises a first arc-shaped block, a second arc-shaped block and a connecting steel column, and the first arc-shaped blocks and the second arc-shaped blocks are arranged in parallel at intervals; the two ends of the connecting steel column are respectively embedded in the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block and are used for connecting the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block into a whole; first clamping grooves are respectively formed in the left ends of the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block, a first clamping table is arranged at the right end of the first arc-shaped block and is used for being connected with a first clamping table at the right end of an adjacent prefabricated part, and the first clamping table is used for being connected with the first clamping groove at the left end of the adjacent prefabricated part; the upper end and the lower end of each of the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are respectively provided with a second clamping groove and a second clamping table, and the second clamping grooves and the second clamping tables are respectively matched with the upper prefabricated part and the lower prefabricated part;
step 2, preparing the open caisson base: pouring reinforced concrete into the open caisson base according to the size requirement of the open caisson; the open caisson base comprises a ring platform, and a second clamping groove or a second clamping platform which is matched with the prefabricated member is arranged on the upper end surface of the ring platform; the upper end surface of the ring platform is provided with a screw rod column, the screw rod column is axially and vertically arranged, and the lower end of the screw rod column is embedded in the ring platform;
step 3, splicing the prefabricated parts: splicing the prefabricated parts in the step 1 on a ring platform to form a prefabricated part layer, wherein the lower ends of the prefabricated parts are clamped with the ring platform, and adjacent prefabricated parts are clamped with each other through a first clamping groove and a second clamping platform;
step 4, connecting a screw column: connecting the lower end of the next screw column to the upper end of the screw column in the step 2 by being in threaded connection with the two ends of the screw sleeve, so that the screw column extends upwards;
step 5, casting concrete in situ: binding reinforcing steel bars, watering to thoroughly wet the prefabricated member, pouring the prefabricated concrete into a cavity formed by enclosing the first arc-shaped block, the second arc-shaped block and the open caisson base, tamping, solidifying and maintaining;
step 6, sinking the open caisson: removing soil at the lower end of the open caisson to enable the open caisson to sink uniformly, wherein the sinking depth of the open caisson meets the technological requirements;
step 7, gravel injection: injecting sand or gravel between the outer side wall of the open caisson and the pit wall for filling the gap;
step 8, repeating the steps 3-7: repeating the step 3 to the step 7 to enable the sinking depth of the open caisson to reach the designed elevation; completing the sinking of the open caisson;
step 9, filling the bottom of the well: paving gravels to the well bottom, leveling the well bottom, and casting reinforced concrete in situ to complete well bottom construction;
step 10, cement slurry injection: and (4) infiltrating the cement solution into the gaps among the gravels in the step (7) to fill the gravel gaps.
2. The open caisson construction method according to claim 1, wherein the first clamping groove is a dovetail groove, and the first clamping platform is a dovetail platform; when the prefabricated parts are assembled, the dovetail platforms are clamped into the dovetail grooves from the up-down direction, and clamping between two adjacent prefabricated parts in the left-right direction is achieved.
3. The method for constructing an open caisson according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting steel column comprises a plurality of columns; in the vertical direction, a plurality of connecting steel columns are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated member and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the prefabricated member; and steel platforms are welded at the two ends of the connecting steel column respectively.
4. The construction method of the open caisson according to claim 3, wherein the steel bars in the cast-in-place concrete in the step 5 are bound before the prefabricated member is spliced in the step 2; and (3) further fixing the prefabricated members after splicing in the step (2), and binding and fixing the prefabricated members on the screw column and the connecting steel column.
5. The method for constructing the open caisson according to claim 1, wherein the open caisson base further comprises a pointed foot, and the cross section of the pointed foot is triangular; the pointed foot is arranged at the lower end of the annular table and is integrated with the table changing table; v-shaped steel plates are embedded at the lower ends of the pointed feet.
6. The method for constructing an open caisson according to claim 5, wherein the second catch groove or the second catch land and the screw post are provided inside the upper end surface of the collar plate; and in the sinking process of the open caisson, a gap is formed between the outer side of the wall of the open caisson and the wall of the open caisson for filling gravel.
7. The construction method of the open caisson according to claim 6, wherein the gravel used in step 7 has a particle size of 5mm to 20mm; the roundness of the gravel is round or extremely round; in the step 10, the cement slurry is injected under pressure, the liquid outlet end of the liquid injection pipe is embedded into the gravel, and the injection pressure is controlled to be 0.2-3 MPa.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of steel piles are pressed in before the open caisson base is prepared in the step 2, and the steel piles are located outside the open caisson base and are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the open caisson base.
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| CN202211229746.0A CN115404890A (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Construction method of open caisson |
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