CN115399331B - 一种三元除草组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种三元除草组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种三元除草组合物，活性成分由如下重量百分含量的成分组成，氯氟吡啶酯1‑10％、氰氟草酯5‑25％和吡嘧磺隆1‑10％。组合物中可包含辅料制备成适宜的制剂。本发明的除草组合物具有显著的增效作用，并且增效剂的加入进一步增强除草活性，可以有效降低活性成分的使用剂量，减缓杂草抗药性的产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，尤其是一种三元除草组合物及其应用。
背景技术
水稻是我国的主要粮食作物之一，水稻的产量的增减具举足轻重的影响。但一直以来，各类杂草影响了水稻的产量。化学方法除草是农业上控制杂草的主要手段之一。近年来，由于一些除草剂品种大面积单独使用，已经导致很多杂草产生抗药性，防治效果难以保证。在水稻田，杂草抗性问题尤为突出，杂草发生草相复杂，不仅一年生和多年生杂草混生，而且杂草出苗参差不齐，种子，低龄、高龄杂草交错发生，除草剂品种单独使用时，均会表现出某一方面的缺陷和局限性。
氯氟吡啶酯为新型芳香基吡啶甲酸类除草剂，能有效防除水稻田稗草、光头稗、稻稗、千金子等禾本科杂草，异型莎草、油莎草、碎米莎草、香附子、日照飘拂草等莎草科杂草，苘麻、泽泻、水苋菜、苋菜、豚草、藜、小飞蓬、母草、水丁香、雨久花、慈姑、苍耳等阔叶杂草。施药后药物通过杂草的叶片和根系吸收，具内吸性，可经木质部和韧皮部传导，并积累在杂草的分生组织，从而发挥除草活性。
氰氟草酯是芳氧苯氧丙酸类除草剂，属于内吸传导性除草剂，由植物体的叶片和叶鞘吸收，韧皮部传导，积累于植物体的分生组织区，抑制乙酰辅酶A羧化酶，使脂肪酸合成停止，细胞的生长***不能正常进行，膜***等含脂结构破坏，最后导致植物死亡。但氰氟草酯对稻田禾本科杂草有效，对阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草基本没有效果。
吡嘧磺隆是一种选择性内吸传导型除草剂，可被杂草的根和叶片吸收，并在体内迅速传导，抑制杂草氨基酸合成，使其芽和根很快停止发育。主要用于移栽稻田、秧田和直播稻田防除鸭舌草、节节菜、陌上菜、牛毛草、异型莎草等一年生杂草和部分多年生杂草，对阔叶杂草、莎草科杂草及稗草有较强抑制作用。
现有技术中CN201910006900公开了一种包括氯氟吡啶酯和氰氟草酯的除草组合物；包括活性成分和辅料，所述活性成分包括氯氟吡啶酯和氰氟草酯；所述氯氟吡啶酯和氰氟草酯的质量比为(2～ 6)∶(7～15)；并记载除草组合物，除草效率高，除草谱广，安全性好。CN201010211155中公开了含氰氟草酯和吡嘧磺隆的复合除草剂；所述的复合除草剂具有除草效果好、安全性高、药效时间长、除草范围广、成本小等优点。现有技术中并没有将氯氟吡啶酯、氰氟草酯和吡嘧磺隆组合使用的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种三元除草组合物及其应用。具体技术方案如下：
一种三元除草组合物，活性成分由如下重量百分含量的成分组成，氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％和吡嘧磺隆1-10％。优选为，氯氟吡啶酯1-5％、氰氟草酯5-15％和吡嘧磺隆1-5％。
本发明所述的除草组合物中包含辅料，制成农业上适宜的制剂。优选的，所述的制剂为悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂。
所述的悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、分散剂1-15％、润湿剂1-10、增稠剂1-5％、防冻剂1-3％、消泡剂1-2％、去离子水补足100％。
所述可湿性粉剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯 1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、分散剂 1-10％、润湿剂1-10、填料补足100％。
所述水分散粒剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯 1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、分散剂 1-10％、润湿剂1-10、粘结剂1-5％、崩解剂1-3％、填料补足100％。
所述水乳剂，包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯 1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、乳化剂 5-15％、润湿剂1-8％、分散剂1-10％、有机溶剂1-15％、、消泡剂1-2％、防冻剂1-3％、水补足100％。
所述微乳剂，包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯 1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、乳化剂 5-25％、润湿分散剂1-5％、有机溶剂1-10％、防冻剂1-5％、水补足 100％。
所述可分散油悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂1-5％、乳化剂1-10％、分散剂1-10％、润湿剂1-10、增稠剂1-5％、植物油补足 100％。
本发明所述的增效剂为硫酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素中的一种或多种。优选的；增效剂为硫酸铵。
此外列举的本发明的辅料可选农药制剂上适宜的辅料成分。例如：所述的消泡剂可以是硅酮类化合物、环氧大豆油、甲醇、硅油等中的一种或几种。所述的防冻剂可以是甘油、丙二醇、二甘醇、乙二醇等中一种或几种。所述的湿润剂可以是十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、丁基萘磺酸钠、烷基磺酸钠、茶枯粉、皂角粉、无患子粉等中的一种或几种。所述的分散剂可以是烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸、木质素磺酸盐、聚羧酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸钙盐、脂肪酸酯硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚等中的一种或几种。所述的崩解剂可以是羧甲基淀粉钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠碳酸氢钠、氯化镁、氯化铝、氯化钠、尿素、硫酸铵、膨润土等中的一种或几种。所述的增稠剂可以是聚乙酸乙烯酯、黄原胶、明胶、***树胶、硅酸镁铝、酚醛树脂、羟甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠等中的一种或几种。所述的固体载体可以是轻质碳酸钙、陶土、高岭土、硅藻土、膨润土、白炭黑、粘土、凹凸棒土、滑石粉、石英沙等中的一种或几种。所述的有机溶剂为非水溶性溶剂。
本发明所述的除草组合物用于防治农作物杂草的用途。所述的农作物为水稻。所述的杂草为禾本科、阔叶科、莎草科杂草。
有益技术效果：
将氯氟吡啶酯、氰氟草酯和吡嘧磺隆组合使用后具有显著的协同增效作用；并且在二元组合物中添加另外一种成分进一步实现除草效果的提升，具有显著的增效作用。
本发明除草组合物中添加增效剂可以显著提升除草效果，其增效作用大小依次为硫酸铵＞硝酸铵＞尿素。硫酸铵可以显著增强除草效果，与其他处理具有差异显著性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明做进一步的解释说明。
实施例1复配药剂对水稻田主要杂草的室内防效测试
供试杂草：稗草、鸭舌草；种子采集后置于阴凉处风干，然后装袋保存备用。
试材培养：在直径25cm塑料盆钵内装入消毒后的土壤，并置于装有水的塑料托盘中，让水逐渐渗入，待土吸足水分，每盆分别定量播种杂草种子40-50粒，并覆盖土壤0.5cm。播种后，将盆钵置于温室内培养，待杂草长至2-3叶期进行喷药处理。施药前每盆定苗至20株。
试验方法：试验设处理组和对照组，重复三次。采用ASS-4型自动控制喷雾台进行喷雾处理，喷雾压力275kPa，喷液量400L/hm2。药后14d称量并记录杂草地上部鲜重，计算鲜重防效。
防效(％)＝(对照组鲜重-处理组鲜重)/对照组鲜重*100％。
联合作用评定：采用gowing法评价协同增效作用。
测试结果：由表1和表2可知，将氯氟吡啶酯、氰氟草酯和吡嘧磺隆组合使用后具有显著的协同增效作用；吡嘧磺隆加入到二元除草组合(氯氟吡啶酯+氰氟草酯)可显著增强其除草效果，进一步实现增效作用。将氯氟吡啶酯加入到加入到二元除草组合(氰氟草酯+吡嘧磺隆)可显著增强其除草效果，进一步实现增效作用。
表1三元复配组合物对稗草的联合作用测试
表2三元复配组合物对鸭舌草的联合作用测试
实施例2制剂实施例
制剂1悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、分散剂1-15％、润湿剂1-10％、增稠剂1-5％、防冻剂1-3％、消泡剂1-2％、去离子水补足100％。
制剂2：可湿性粉剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、分散剂1-10％、润湿剂1-10、填料补足100％。
制剂3：水分散粒剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、分散剂1-10％、润湿剂1-10、粘结剂1-5％、崩解剂1-3％、填料补足100％。
制剂4：水乳剂，包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、乳化剂5-15％、润湿剂1-8％、分散剂1-10％、有机溶剂1-15％、、消泡剂1-2％、防冻剂1-3％、水补足100％。
制剂5：微乳剂，包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、乳化剂5-25％、润湿分散剂1-5％、有机溶剂1-10％、防冻剂 1-5％、水补足100％。
制剂6：可分散油悬浮剂，，包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：
氯氟吡啶酯1-10％、氰氟草酯5-25％、吡嘧磺隆1-10％、增效剂 1-5％、乳化剂1-10％、分散剂1-10％、润湿剂1-10、增稠剂1-5％、植物油补足100％。
上述辅料均选为本领域常见的辅料，制备采用常规制备方法进行制备。
实施例3三元除草组合对水稻田杂草的田间防效。
试验田：试验期间按直播稻田常规栽培进行田间水肥管理，水分管理各小区单排单灌。每处理4次重复，随机区组排列，小区面积30m2。
试验药剂：
药剂1：12％可分散油悬浮剂(氯氟吡啶酯2％、氰氟草酯8％、吡嘧磺隆2％、增效剂硫酸铵2％、农乳500 4％、Atlox4913 4％、 MorwetD-425 2％、NNO 2％、白炭黑1.0％、大豆油补足100％)；
药剂2：12％可分散油悬浮剂(氯氟吡啶酯2％、氰氟草酯8％、吡嘧磺隆2％、增效剂硝酸铵2％、农乳500 4％、Atlox4913 4％、 MorwetD-425 2％、NNO 2％、白炭黑1.0％、大豆油补足100％)；
药剂3：12％可分散油悬浮剂(氯氟吡啶酯2％、氰氟草酯8％、吡嘧磺隆2％、增效剂尿素2％、农乳500 4％、Atlox4913 4％、 MorwetD-425 2％、NNO 2％、白炭黑1.0％、大豆油补足100％)；
药剂4：12％可分散油悬浮剂(氯氟吡啶酯2％、氰氟草酯8％、吡嘧磺隆2％、增效剂油酸甲酯2％、农乳500 4％、Atlox4913 4％、 MorwetD-425 2％、NNO 2％、白炭黑1.0％、大豆油补足100％)；
药剂5：同药剂1，不包含增效剂。
试验方法：水稻处于3-4叶龄，杂草多处于2-4叶龄(杂草类型：稗草、千金子、鸭舌草、异型莎草)。各小区单独对茎叶喷雾施药，药后21d调查鲜重防效。
防效(％)＝(对照组鲜重-处理组鲜重)/对照组鲜重*100％。
测试结果：由表3可知，本发明制备三元复配除草组合物对水稻田杂草具有优异的防除效果。并且本发明除草组合物中添加增效剂可以显著提升除草效果，其增效作用大小依次为硫酸铵＞硝酸铵尿素＞油酸甲酯。其中油酸甲酯增效作用微弱，与药剂5没有呈现出显著性差异；硝酸铵与尿素增效作用居中。硫酸铵可以显著增强除草效果，与其他处理具有差异显著性。
表3三元除草组合对水稻田杂草的田间防效
| 处理 | 活性成分用量g/亩 | 防效％ |
| 药剂1 | 5 | 94.0a |
| 药剂2 | 5 | 87.4b |
| 药剂3 | 5 | 86.5b |
| 药剂4 | 5 | 82.8c |
| 药剂5 | 5 | 81.4c |
| 空白 | - | - |
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制。
Claims (2)
1.一种三元除草组合物，其特征在于,包含包含如下重量百分含量成分：氯氟吡啶酯2％、氰氟草酯8％、吡嘧磺隆2％、增效剂硫酸铵2％、农乳5004％、Atlox49134％、MorwetD-4252％、NNO2％、白炭黑1.0％、大豆油补足100％ 。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物用于防治农作物杂草的用途，其特征在于，所述的农作物为水稻，所述的杂草为禾本科、阔叶科、莎草科杂草。
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| CN106973957A (zh) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-25 | 安徽科技学院 | 一种含有氟酮磺草胺和氰氟草酯的可分散油悬浮剂 |
| CN107668059A (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-09 | 安徽众邦生物工程有限公司 | 一种含氯氟吡啶酯的水稻田除草组合物 |
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