CN115396799A - Self-adaptive directional hearing aid - Google Patents
Self-adaptive directional hearing aid Download PDFInfo
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- CN115396799A CN115396799A CN202110561255.5A CN202110561255A CN115396799A CN 115396799 A CN115396799 A CN 115396799A CN 202110561255 A CN202110561255 A CN 202110561255A CN 115396799 A CN115396799 A CN 115396799A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
- H04R25/609—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of circuitry
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/50—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/55—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using an external connection, either wireless or wired
- H04R25/552—Binaural
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
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- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of hearing aids, and provides a self-adaptive directional hearing aid, which comprises: the hearing aid comprises a hearing aid body, a sound receiving hole and a sound emitting hole, wherein the hearing aid body comprises a main body with a sound emitting hole structure and a face shell with at least one sound receiving hole structure; the acoustic-electric conversion module is arranged at the opposite position of the sound receiving hole structure and is used for receiving directional sound signals; the hearing aid comprises a processing module, wherein the processing module is connected with the tail end of an acoustoelectric conversion module, the acoustoelectric conversion modules in different directions divide hearing ranges, and when the hearing aid synchronously receives sound signals, the hearing aid analyzes and distinguishes the effective hearing range according to the decibel size, the sound wave frequency and the acquisition time of the sound signals, so that the attention of a person with hearing loss can be focused in a specific range, the signal-to-noise ratio is reduced, the working pressure of the brain for distinguishing languages is relieved, and the sound distinguishing capability of the person with hearing loss is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hearing aids, in particular to a self-adaptive directional hearing aid and a noise prevention method.
Background
Hearing aids are aids used by hearing-impaired people to complement defects caused by hearing impairment and further improve the ability of conversation with other people, such as tools, equipment, devices, instruments and the like, and various devices capable of effectively transmitting sound into ears can be regarded as hearing aids in a broad sense, and the hearing aids in a narrow sense are electroacoustic amplifiers which amplify sound to make deaf people hear sounds which are not heard clearly and can not be heard, and the devices are the hearing aids.
If one person has loss of binaural hearing, the hearing aids should be selected as far as possible to achieve the ideal rehabilitation effect, because the brain cannot calculate the time difference of sound propagation when wearing the hearing aids by one ear, and the position of the sound source is difficult to distinguish
In a noisy crowd environment, a hearing-loss person needs a higher signal-to-noise ratio to improve speech comprehension, and clinical researches show that in a noisy environment, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 5 decibels, the speech comprehension is improved by about 30%, and in different listening occasions such as one-to-one communication, a workshop, a restaurant, a carriage, an outdoor party, a small party, leisure activities, calling, listening to music, watching television, watching movies and the like, the hearing aids do not work differentially, a plurality of sound sources compete for brain attention at the same time, and the traditional hearing aids do not have hearing orientation selection capability and seriously affect the sound resolution capability of the hearing-loss person.
SUMMARY OF THE PATENT FOR INVENTION
In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a hearing aid with adaptive directional characteristics to enhance the ability of a hearing-impaired person to distinguish a sound source.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising:
the hearing aid comprises a hearing aid body, a sound receiving hole and a sound emitting hole, wherein the hearing aid body comprises a main body with a sound emitting hole structure and a face shell with at least one sound receiving hole structure;
the acoustic-electric conversion module is arranged at the opposite position of the sound receiving hole structure and is used for receiving directional sound signals;
the processing module is connected with the tail end of the sound-electricity conversion module and selectively provides an output signal according to the frequency and loudness of the sound signal;
and the output conversion module is used for converting the electric signal provided by the processing module into a sound signal to enhance sound decibels.
Further, the processing module further comprises:
the filter is arranged at the head end of the processing module selective output circuit, so that regular frequency components in the signal pass through the filter, and other frequency components are greatly attenuated;
a storage unit for providing the filter with a frequency mask reference for the sound signal.
Furthermore, the output conversion module is provided with an auditory field, a covering field and an amplifying field, and the amplification factor of the amplifying field is a variable parameter and is used for automatically shielding or amplifying the sound signal.
Further, the sound-electricity conversion module is arranged as a two-dimensional sector receiving area in the horizontal direction.
Further, different acoustic-electric conversion modules jointly enclose an omnidirectional sector receiving surface.
Further, the sound-electricity conversion module is a heart-shaped microphone.
Furthermore, the variable parameters of the amplification domain in the output conversion module are automatically adjusted along with the sound source decibel scene.
Further, the processing module further comprises:
and the signal transceiving unit is in signal connection with the two groups of hearing aids and is used for sharing sound signal information by the processing module.
A signal capture method for an adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising the processing steps of:
s1: the processing module synchronously acquires the electrical signal frequency domain information of different sound-electricity conversion modules and establishes a time variation curve of the frequency domain information;
s2: sequentially and preferably selecting the sound signals with the maximum domain amplitude and the small frequency periodic variation as output signals, and only converting the electric signal frequency domain information of the sound-electricity conversion module;
s3: the output conversion module converts the frequency domain information of the electric signal into an acoustic signal, and single-ear preferential listening is performed.
A binaural signal capturing method for an adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising the processing steps of:
s1: the processing module acquires the frequency domain information of the electric signal of the sound-electricity conversion module, captures the output information selectively provided, determines the signal source direction of the sound-electricity conversion module, transmits the frequency domain of the signal, and establishes a time-dependent change curve of the frequency domain information;
s2: synchronously acquiring wireless signal frequency domain information and azimuth information of a same-frequency signal receiving and transmitting unit, and establishing a time-varying curve of the frequency domain information;
s3: sequentially selecting a sound source direction with stable signals according to the domain amplitude and the domain frequency of the change curve, and synchronously adjusting the frequency domain information of the acoustoelectric conversion module in the direction of the receiving signal source;
s4: the ears receive sounds conducted by different hearing aids to resolve the sound source orientations.
According to the technical scheme, the hearing aid with the self-adaptive direction provided by the invention has the advantages that the sound-electricity conversion modules in different directions divide hearing ranges, when the hearing aid synchronously receives sound signals, the hearing aid analyzes and distinguishes effective hearing ranges according to decibel size, sound wave frequency and acquisition time of the sound signals, so that the attention of a person with hearing loss can be focused in a specific range, the signal to noise ratio is reduced, the working pressure of the brain for distinguishing languages is relieved, the sound distinguishing capability of the person with hearing loss is enhanced, when the hearing aid is worn by two ears, wireless signals share the operation information of the hearing aid in real time, the division of the hearing ranges of the two ears is always symmetrical, the brain analyzes the position of a sound source more accurately, and the hearing mechanism of the person with hearing loss is basically the same as that of a normal person.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, reference will now be made briefly to the following detailed description, or to the accompanying drawings, which are needed in the prior art to describe and illustrate the various embodiments of the invention. The elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale in all figures.
Fig. 1 is an external view of a preferred embodiment of an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a control module of a preferred embodiment of an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a signal capturing method of an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a binaural application of an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a binaural signal capturing method for an adaptive directional hearing aid according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the hearing aid comprises a hearing aid body 1, a main body 11, a sound amplifying hole structure 111, a face shell 12, a sound receiving hole structure 121, an acoustic-electric conversion module 2, a processing module 3, a filter 31, a storage unit 32, a signal transceiving unit 33 and an output conversion module 4.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the patented technology of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only used as examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides an adaptive directional hearing aid, including:
the hearing aid comprises a hearing aid body 1, wherein the hearing aid body 1 comprises a main body 11 with a sound amplifying hole structure 111 and a face shell 12 with at least one sound collecting hole structure 121, the main body 11 and the face shell 12 are assembled and buckled into an integral structure, a button battery is arranged in the main body 11 for supplying power, and a fixed earplug is further arranged on the outer side of the main body 11 and used for reducing the direct influence of external sound on the hearing aid and reducing sound interference;
at least one acoustoelectric conversion module 2, wherein the acoustoelectric conversion module 2 is arranged at a position opposite to the acoustic hole structure 121, the acoustoelectric conversion module 2 is used for receiving directional sound signals, and the acoustoelectric conversion module 2 is arranged in different directions of the hearing aid body 1 to enhance the hearing ability in the direction;
the processing module 3 is connected with the tail end of the sound-electricity conversion module 2 and provides an output signal according to the frequency and loudness selectivity of the sound signal, and the processing module 3 is a microprocessor and can replace a human brain to carry out simple direction judgment so as to avoid the influence of redundant noise;
the output conversion module 4, the output conversion module 4 is used for converting the electrical signal that processing module 3 provided into sound signal enhancement sound decibel, and the output conversion module 4 is the speaker for enlarge the relative sound signal of broadcast electrical signal, help the hearing loss personage to hear the sound.
Further, the processing module 3 further includes:
at least one filter 31, the filter 31 is arranged at the head end of the selective output circuit of the processing module 3, so that regular frequency components in the signal can pass through, other frequency components can be greatly attenuated, and the interference suppression effect is remarkable;
a storage unit 32 for providing a frequency mask reference of the sound signal for the filter 31, wherein the storage unit 32 records the frequency point of the specific frequency or the frequencies except the frequency point.
Furthermore, the output conversion module 4 is provided with an auditory domain, a covering domain and an amplifying domain, and the amplification factor of the amplifying domain is a variable parameter for automatically shielding or amplifying the sound signal, the output conversion module 4 is a speaker, the sound frequency in the covering domain is between 20HZ and 20000HZ, the sound level is above 25dB after being played, the part of the sound is not played by the output conversion module 4, the sound frequency in the auditory domain is between 20HZ and 20000HZ, the sound level is between 12dB and 25dB after being played, and the part of the sound is not adjusted and amplified by the output conversion module 4.
Further, the acoustic-electric conversion module 2 is arranged as a two-dimensional sector receiving area in the horizontal direction, the hearing range of the acoustic-electric conversion module 2 is also a two-dimensional sector area in the vertical plane, a conical range is formed in the three-dimensional space, and the acoustic-electric conversion module has a greater sensitivity to the sound vibration at a short distance in the range.
Furthermore, different sound-electricity conversion modules 2 jointly enclose an omnidirectional fan-shaped receiving surface, a plurality of fan-shaped hearing areas are sequentially arranged to divide a hearing range into a front area, a middle area and a rear area, and signals of the sound-electricity conversion modules 2 in different areas are selected to simulate the change of human brain attention.
Furthermore, the sound-electricity conversion module 2 is a heart-shaped microphone, the heart-shaped microphone has high sensitivity to sound pressure from the front and both sides, and has low sensitivity to sound pressure from the rear, so that the sound-electricity conversion module has the function of suppressing rear noise, and can reduce the noise influence of the operation of hearing aid elements, so that the sound-electricity conversion module 2 can form a local hearing area with high sensitivity.
Furthermore, the variable parameter of the amplification domain in the output conversion module 4 is automatically adjusted along with the sound source decibel scene, the amplifier is arranged in the output conversion module 4 and is used for adjusting the sound intensity, the sound frequency is between 20HZ and 20000HZ, the amplification range is between 0dB and 12dB after the sound intensity is amplified, the amplification range is subdivided into 0dB to 5dB, 5dB to 8dB and 8dB to 12dB, the amplification times of the sound of 0dB to 5dB, 5dB to 8dB and 8dB to 12dB after the sound intensity is amplified by the amplifier, so that the low decibel sound intensity is controlled between 12dB and 15dB, and hearing loss people can hear the sound of the part.
Further, the processing module 3 further includes:
the signal transceiver 33, the signal transceiver 33 is connected to two sets of hearing aids through signals, and is used for the processing module 3 to share sound signal information, the two sets of hearing aids are respectively provided with a signal transceiver 33, the two signal transceivers 33 are connected through bluetooth, the bluetooth core provides two or more piconet connections to form a distributed network, so that the hearing aids automatically and simultaneously play the roles of master and slave in the piconets respectively, and information sharing is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, a signal capturing method for an adaptive directional hearing aid includes the following processing steps:
s1: the processing module 3 synchronously acquires the frequency domain information of the electric signals of different sound-electricity conversion modules 2, and establishes a time-dependent change curve of the frequency domain information, wherein the change curve is a sinusoidal image of sound wave amplitude in a certain time along with the time, and each sound-electricity conversion module 2 independently establishes a sinusoidal image file;
s2: sequentially optimizing the sound signal with the largest domain amplitude and the small periodic frequency change as an output signal, only converting the electrical signal frequency domain information of the sound-electricity conversion module 2, when the sound in one direction is large, the sound-electricity conversion module 2 opposite to the region is an optimization, and when the sound in the direction is too large, the other sound-electricity conversion module 2 with the small periodic frequency change is an optimization, so that the noise influence can be reduced;
s3: the output conversion module 4 converts the frequency domain information of the electrical signal into an acoustic signal, and preferentially listens to the acoustic signal by a single ear, and the mode can select the acoustic signal of the acoustic-electric conversion module in a single direction of front, middle and back, so that the strong hearing of a hearing-loss patient can be maintained, and the sound direction with the minimum noise can be selected under the condition of noise pollution, for example: when students are in class, the sound of teachers on the podium is large, the attention is naturally focused on the front side of the hearing aid to be opposite to the podium, when the students twist necks, the attention is naturally focused on the side face of the hearing aid to be opposite to the podium, and the continuous attention can be kept.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a binaural signal capturing method for an adaptive directional hearing aid comprises the following processing steps:
s1: the processing module 3 acquires the frequency domain information of the electric signals of the sound-electricity conversion module 2, captures the output information selectively provided, determines the signal source direction of the sound-electricity conversion module 2 and transmits the frequency domain of the signal, establishes the change curve of the frequency domain information along with time, and two groups of hearing aids separately adjust the amplification factor parameters of the hearing according to the hearing loss of two ears in the same manner as the acquisition and judgment of a single-ear hearing aid;
s2: the method comprises the steps of synchronously acquiring wireless signal frequency domain information and orientation information of a same-frequency signal transceiving unit 33, establishing a time-varying curve of the frequency domain information, transmitting sound source information and orientation information by two groups of hearing aids in a Bluetooth connection mode, and comparing 6 groups of data acquired by the two groups of hearing aids to acquire an optimal option;
s3: sequentially selecting a sound source direction with stable signals according to the domain amplitude and the domain frequency of the change curve, synchronously adjusting the frequency domain information of the sound-electricity conversion module 2 in the direction of the receiving signal source, selecting the direction with the maximum sound amplitude or more stable frequency, automatically adjusting the optimal selection mode of the other hearing aid except the hearing aid of the optimal sound-electricity conversion module 2, and selecting the sound-electricity conversion module 2 which is mutually symmetrical with the optimal selection sound-electricity conversion module 2 of the other hearing aid;
s4: the ears receive the sound conducted by different hearing aids to distinguish the direction of a sound source, and the preferable sound-electricity conversion modules 2 of the two groups of hearing aids are symmetrically arranged, so that the sound source is closer to the hearing aid on one side and is further away from the other hearing aid, thus the hearing difference can be generated, the hearing loss patients can be helped to quickly judge the specific direction of the sound, and the judgment influence caused by the asymmetrical distribution of the sound-electricity conversion modules 2 is avoided.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, the sound-electricity conversion modules 3 in different directions are firstly divided, when the hearing aid synchronously receives sound signals, the hearing aid analyzes and distinguishes the effective hearing range according to the decibel size, the sound wave frequency and the acquisition time of the sound signals, so that the attention of a person with hearing loss can be focused in a specific range, the signal to noise ratio is reduced, the working pressure of the brain for distinguishing languages is relieved, the sound distinguishing capability of the person with hearing loss is enhanced, when the hearing aid is worn by two ears, the wireless signals share the operation information of the hearing aid in real time, the division of the hearing ranges of the two ears is always symmetrical, thus, the brain analyzes the position of a sound source more accurately, and the hearing mechanism of the person with hearing loss is not different from that of a common person.
In the description of the present patent application, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present patent. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the patent of the present invention, and the technical solutions are all covered in the claims and the specification of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising:
the hearing aid comprises a hearing aid body, a sound receiving hole and a sound emitting hole, wherein the hearing aid body comprises a main body with a sound emitting hole structure and a face shell with at least one sound receiving hole structure;
the acoustic-electric conversion module is arranged at the opposite position of the sound receiving hole structure and is used for receiving directional sound signals;
the processing module is connected with the tail end of the sound-electricity conversion module and selectively provides an output signal according to the frequency and loudness of the sound signal;
and the output conversion module is used for converting the electric signal provided by the processing module into a sound signal to enhance sound decibels.
2. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, further comprising within the processing module:
the filter is arranged at the head end of the processing module selective output circuit, so that regular frequency components in the signal pass through the filter, and other frequency components are greatly attenuated;
a storage unit for providing the filter with a frequency mask reference for the sound signal.
3. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the output conversion module is provided with an auditory field, a masking field, and an amplification field, and the amplification factor of the amplification field is a variable parameter for automatically masking or amplifying the sound signal.
4. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the acousto-electric conversion module is arranged as a two-dimensional sector receiving area in the horizontal direction.
5. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein different said acousto-electric conversion modules together enclose an omnidirectional sector receiving surface.
6. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the acousto-electric conversion module is a cardioid microphone.
7. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the variable parameters of the amplification domain in the output conversion block are automatically adjusted according to the sound source decibel scene.
8. An adaptive directional hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the processing module further comprises:
and the signal transceiving unit is in signal connection with the two groups of hearing aids and is used for sharing sound signal information by the processing module.
9. A method for signal acquisition in an adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising the steps of:
s1: the processing module synchronously acquires the frequency domain information of the electric signals of different sound-electricity conversion modules and establishes a time-dependent change curve of the frequency domain information;
s2: sequentially and preferably selecting the sound signals with the maximum domain amplitude and the small frequency periodic variation as output signals, and only converting the electric signal frequency domain information of the sound-electricity conversion module;
s3: the output conversion module converts the frequency domain information of the electric signal into an acoustic signal, and single-ear preferential listening is performed.
10. A binaural signal capture method for an adaptive directional hearing aid, comprising the processing steps of:
s1: the processing module acquires the frequency domain information of the electric signal of the sound-electricity conversion module, captures the output information selectively provided, determines the signal source direction of the sound-electricity conversion module, transmits the frequency domain of the signal, and establishes a time-dependent change curve of the frequency domain information;
s2: synchronously acquiring wireless signal frequency domain information and azimuth information of a same-frequency signal receiving and transmitting unit, and establishing a time-varying curve of the frequency domain information;
s3: sequentially selecting a sound source direction with stable signals according to the domain amplitude and the domain frequency of the change curve, and synchronously adjusting the frequency domain information of the acoustoelectric conversion module in the direction of the receiving signal source;
s4: the ears receive sounds conducted by different hearing aids to resolve the source orientation.
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| CN202110561255.5A CN115396799A (en) | 2021-05-22 | 2021-05-22 | Self-adaptive directional hearing aid |
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| CN202110561255.5A CN115396799A (en) | 2021-05-22 | 2021-05-22 | Self-adaptive directional hearing aid |
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