CN115396676A - Encryption domain satellite image information hiding method - Google Patents
Encryption domain satellite image information hiding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115396676A CN115396676A CN202210899424.0A CN202210899424A CN115396676A CN 115396676 A CN115396676 A CN 115396676A CN 202210899424 A CN202210899424 A CN 202210899424A CN 115396676 A CN115396676 A CN 115396676A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
- H04N19/467—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process characterised by the embedded information being invisible, e.g. watermarking
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/65—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using error resilience
- H04N19/69—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using error resilience involving reversible variable length codes [RVLC]
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain, which can embed more secret information in image encrypted data without influencing normal decryption operation, and the encrypted image embedded with the secret information still has random characteristics and no difference can be seen visually. The hidden capacity can be adjusted according to the threshold and is between 12.5% and 50%. The invention combines information hiding and data encryption, breaks through the problem that the traditional encryption domain method is difficult to hide information with large capacity, and is suitable for encryption transmission systems of various image data of satellites and the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain, and belongs to the field of communication (such as data communication technology).
Background
The data is divided into original data, compressed domain data and encrypted domain data, so the information hiding is also divided into information hiding of the original satellite data, information hiding of the compressed satellite domain and information hiding of the encrypted satellite domain.
With the development of information security, the encryption of satellite data is more and more important, and the encryption data can be fully utilized to transmit more information by hiding the information in a satellite encryption domain without influencing decryption and carrier recovery.
The main technical content is as follows: based on image data encryption and information hiding coding, the purpose of hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain is achieved. The existing encryption domain information hiding method mainly comprises information hiding before encryption, information hiding during encryption and information hiding after encryption. Most of the encryption methods for hiding encryption domain information in the literature are known, or special encryption operations are performed, so that it can be said that what a specific encryption method is supposed to be known when information hiding is performed. If only the encrypted data is known when information hiding is performed, the image cannot be encoded in advance without knowing what the specific method is, at the moment, the information hiding can be performed only by utilizing the characteristics of the encrypted data, the characteristics of the original image cannot be utilized, and the difficulty is higher when the hiding capacity is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, utilizes the encrypted data characteristics and the encrypted information codes to hide the information, does not need to know the encryption method in advance, can adjust the hiding capacity according to the threshold, and can normally decrypt the image after the receiving end is unhidden. The typical hidden capacity can be between 12.5% and 50%, the PSNR is between 30dB and 50dB, and the method is suitable for various image encryption transmission systems.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an encrypted domain satellite image information hiding method comprises the following steps:
1) Formatting the satellite image in the encrypted domain to obtain an 8-bit quantized image A;
2) Carrying out bit extraction on any pixel value a of the image A to obtain a high decimal number F1 and a low decimal number F2;
3) Calculating the difference between the F1 and the F2, and marking S =0 if the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the threshold T; if the absolute value of the difference is greater than the threshold T, marking S =1;
4) After the lowest bit of the pixel value a of the image A is changed into S, generating a pixel value a' of the image C;
5) Embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D;
6) Carrying out steps 2) -5) on each pixel value of the image A to obtain an image D, and storing and transmitting the image D;
7) The receiving end carries out inverse processing on the image D to obtain recovered data B;
8) And carrying out reverse processing on the image D to obtain a recovered encrypted image A.
The high decimal number F1 and the low decimal number F2 are obtained by weighted summation.
The method for acquiring the high decimal number F1 and the low decimal number F2 is a specific method of weighted summation, and comprises the following steps:
F1＝8*A8+4*A7+2*A6+A5
F2＝8*A4+4*A3+2*A2+A1
where the image a pixel values are expressed from high to low as: a8, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1.
The threshold T =0 to 15.
The receiving end carries out inverse processing on the image D to obtain recovered data B, and the method comprises the following steps:
each pixel bit of the image D is D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1;
if D1=0, then D4, D3, D2 for each pixel of image D is fetched; obtaining B3, B2 and B1; if D1=1, then D3, D2 for each pixel of image D is fetched; obtaining B2 and B1;
the above-described processing is performed for each pixel value of the image D, and all bits of the data B are sequentially restored.
The method for obtaining the restored encrypted image A by carrying out the inverse processing on the image D comprises the following steps:
if D1=0, setting D4, D3, D2, D1 of each pixel of the image D as D8, D7, D6, D5, and obtaining a pixel value of the recovered encrypted image A; if D1=1, keeping D4, D3, D2, D1 of each pixel of the image D unchanged to obtain a pixel value of the recovered encrypted image A;
the above-described processing is performed for each pixel value of the image D, resulting in the restored encrypted image a.
The embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes:
if S =0, selecting three-bit data B, and directly replacing bits C4, C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C by using B3, B2 and B1 to obtain a pixel value of an image D, wherein D1= C1= S;
if S =1, two bits of data B are selected, and after directly replacing bits C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C by using B2 and B1, one pixel value of an image D is obtained, and D1= C1= S.
The embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes:
if S =0, selecting three-bit data B, and directly replacing bits C4, C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C by using B3, B2 and B1 to obtain a pixel value of an image D, wherein D1= C1= S unchanged;
if S =1, selecting two bits of data B, and directly replacing bit C2 of pixel value a' of image C by using B1 to obtain a pixel value of image D, wherein D1= C1= S is unchanged.
The embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes: directly replacing the low-order bit corresponding to the pixel value a' of the image C by the data B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention breaks through the conventional thinking and combines the characteristics of the image based on the encrypted domain with the information hiding; the contradiction that the traditional method can not give consideration to the hiding effect and the hiding capacity is overcome;
(2) The invention extracts the characteristics in the encrypted data, realizes new information hiding based on the threshold and the data mark, increases the hiding capacity and improves the image quality of hiding recovery;
(3) The encryption domain information hiding method provided by the invention can be used for information hiding of a satellite encryption domain and can also be used for an encryption system based on a sequence encryption algorithm on occasions such as the ground.
(4) According to the hiding method provided by the invention, the typical information hiding embedding capacity can be selected and adjusted according to the threshold T, so that the problem that one method can be suitable for hiding various types of information with different capacities is solved; it can also be simplified to the conventional least significant bit substitution, directly reaching 12.5% of the hidden capacity.
(5) The invention has high quality of recovered image, compared with the original image, the PSNR of the hidden image can be better than 30dB, and the typical value can reach 35-50dB or even higher. In the hidden capacity of about 12.5%, the threshold T can be adjusted to make the carrier nearly lossless or lossless, so that the data is not limited to image data or encrypted data, and general data can be regarded as special cases of encryption (data is encrypted with 0).
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the result of partial simulation, and the information is random number. The upper left corner is an original image, the upper right corner is an encrypted image, the lower left corner is an image with encrypted information hidden, and the lower right corner is a decrypted image.
Detailed Description
In order to verify the performance of the algorithm provided by the invention, 8-bit gray scale images with the size of 512 multiplied by 512 are adopted in the images in the simulation experiment, and after encryption, the method is used for information hiding transmission and recovery.
The invention discloses an encrypted domain satellite image information hiding method, which comprises the following steps:
1) Formatting the satellite image in the encrypted domain to obtain an 8-bit quantized image A;
2) Carrying out bit extraction on the pixel value of the image A to obtain a high decimal number F1 and a low decimal number F2;
the high decimal number F1 and the low decimal number F2 are obtained by weighted summation;
F1＝8*A8+4*A7+2*A6+A5
F2＝8*A4+4*A3+2*A2+A1
where the image a pixel values are expressed from high to low as: a8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1;
3) Calculating the difference between the F1 and the F2, and marking S =0 if the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the threshold T; if the absolute value of the difference is greater than a threshold T, marking S =1, wherein T = 0-15;
4) The lowest bit of the pixel value of the image A is changed into S, so that the pixel value of the image C is obtained, and the bits from the high bit to the low bit are C8, C7, C6, C5, C4, C3, C2, C1= A8, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2 and S;
5) Embedding data B into pixels of an image C, wherein the bits of the data B are B6, B5, B4, B3, B2 and B1 from high order to low order to obtain pixel values of an image D; the steps in embedding data B into image C pixels are as follows: (the other two procedures for embedding data B into pixels of image C are similar)
If S =0, then bits C4, C3, C2 of the image C pixel value are directly replaced by B3, B2, B1; bit D4, D3, D2= B3, B2, B1, bit D1= C1= S unchanged;
if S =1, then bit C3, C2, bit D3, D2= B2, B1, bit D1= C1= S of the image C pixel value is directly replaced by B2, B1;
6) Storing and transmitting the image D;
7) The receiving end performs inverse processing on the image D to obtain recovered data B, which is specifically as follows:
if D1=0, then the bits D4, D3, D2 of the image D are taken; obtaining bits B3, B2, B1;
if D1=1, then the bits D3, D2 of image D are taken; obtaining bits B2, B1;
8) The image D is inversely processed to obtain a restored image a, which is specifically as follows:
if D1=0, setting the bits D4, D3, D2, D1 of the image D as the bits D8, D7, D6, D5 to obtain a recovered encrypted image A;
if D1=1, the restored image a is obtained by keeping the bits D4, D3, D2, D1 of the image D unchanged.
The invention provides an encryption domain satellite image information hiding method which can embed more secret information data in image encryption data, and the encrypted image embedded with the secret data still has random characteristics and cannot visually see differences.
The method provided by the invention can realize the information hiding of any sequence encrypted image and other sequence encrypted data. The hidden capacity can be adjusted according to the threshold, and the typical capacity is between 12.5% and 50%.
The PSNR of the image after information hiding and the original encrypted image can reach 32-51dB. If S is compressed, the PSNR of the information-concealed image and the original encrypted image can be 51dB to infinity.
The invention provides a method for hiding satellite image data information in an encryption domain, which solves the problem of high-efficiency and high-quality hidden transmission of images, other images or data information through innovation, meets the actual requirement of a user on safe transmission of various types of information, and also solves the key technology of encrypting and transmitting secret information in a satellite data transmission system. The method increases the capacity of satellite data transmission, enlarges the use of satellite information hiding, and has software and hardware realizability. Has practical value in satellite, satellite-ground data transmission and ground information transmission systems,
the invention is not described in detail and is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Formatting the satellite image in the encrypted domain to obtain an 8-bit quantized image A;
2) Carrying out bit extraction on any pixel value a of the image A to obtain a high decimal number F1 and a low decimal number F2;
3) Calculating the difference between the F1 and the F2, and marking S =0 if the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the threshold T; if the absolute value of the difference is greater than the threshold T, marking S =1;
4) After the lowest bit of the pixel value a of the image A is changed into S, generating a pixel value a' of the image C;
5) Embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D;
6) Carrying out steps 2) -5) on each pixel value of the image A to obtain an image D, and storing and transmitting the image D;
7) The receiving end carries out inverse processing on the image D to obtain recovered data B;
8) And carrying out reverse processing on the image D to obtain a recovered encrypted image A.
2. The method for hiding satellite image information in encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high decimal number F1 and the low decimal number F2 are obtained by weighted summation.
3. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the method for acquiring the high decimal number F1 and the low decimal number F2 is a specific method of weighted summation, and comprises the following steps:
F1＝8*A8+4*A7+2*A6+A5
F2＝8*A4+4*A3+2*A2+A1
where the image a pixel values are expressed from high to low as: a8, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1.
4. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the threshold T =0 to 15.
5. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the receiving end carries out inverse processing on the image D to obtain recovered data B, and the method comprises the following steps:
if D1=0, three bits D4, D3, D2 of each pixel of the image D are taken; obtaining bits B3, B2, B1; if D1=1, two bits D3, D2 of each pixel of the image D are taken; obtaining bits B2, B1;
the above-described processing is performed for each pixel value of the image D, and all bits of the data B are sequentially restored.
6. The method for hiding satellite image information in encrypted domain according to claim 5, wherein: the method for obtaining the restored encrypted image A by carrying out the inverse processing on the image D comprises the following steps:
if D1=0, setting four bits D4, D3, D2, D1 of each pixel of the image D as bits D8, D7, D6, D5, and obtaining a pixel value of the recovered encrypted image A; if D1=1, keeping the four bits D4, D3, D2, D1 of each pixel of the image D unchanged to obtain a pixel value of the recovered encrypted image A;
the above-described processing is performed for each pixel value of the image D, resulting in the restored encrypted image a.
7. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes:
if S =0, selecting three-bit data B, and directly replacing bits C4, C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C by bits B3, B2 and B1 to obtain a pixel value of an image D, wherein D1= C1= S;
if S =1, two bits of data B are selected, and after bits C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C are directly replaced by bits B2 and B1, one pixel value of an image D is obtained, and D1= C1= S.
8. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes:
if S =0, selecting three-bit data B, and directly replacing bits C4, C3 and C2 of a pixel value a' of an image C by bits B3, B2 and B1 to obtain a pixel value of an image D, wherein D1= C1= S unchanged;
if S =1, selecting two bits of data B, and directly replacing bit C2 of pixel value a' of image C by bit B1 to obtain a pixel value of image D, wherein D1= C1= S is unchanged.
9. The method for hiding satellite image information in an encrypted domain as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the embedding the data B into the pixel value a' of the image C to obtain a pixel value of the image D includes: directly replacing the low-order bit corresponding to the pixel value a' of the image C by the data B.
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