CN115396031A - Optical frequency comb-based ultra-high-speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-high-speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb. The adopted joint carrier recovery method comprises a multi-carrier frequency offset recovery process for eliminating carrier frequency offset and a joint carrier phase recovery process for eliminating residual carrier phase errors. The algorithm provided by the invention can effectively eliminate the Doppler frequency offset in a large dynamic range caused by the relative motion of the receiving and transmitting terminal in the space optical communication process, and can also calculate the phase variation of all carrier comb teeth by measuring the phase variation of part of the carrier comb teeth in the wavelength division multiplexing communication system, thereby greatly saving the calculation resources and being suitable for the environment with limited satellite-borne calculation resources in the space optical communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carrier recovery in a laser communication system, and particularly relates to an ultra-high-speed space optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb.
Background
The combination of coherent optical communication and wavelength division multiplexing technology is a key technology which meets the high-speed data transmission requirements of the current ultra-high resolution remote sensing satellite and a high-throughput relay satellite and realizes the spanning of the capacity of a space communication system to the Tbps magnitude.
In a traditional wavelength division multiplexing communication system, a laser array is used as a light source at a transmitting end, each laser in the array generates a path of independent carrier, frequency offset and phase change of each path of carrier signal need to be measured and respectively compensated in the process of a carrier recovery algorithm, and the demand on computing and processing resources is high. Therefore, the constraint condition of limited satellite load computing resources in the ultra-high-speed space optical communication scene cannot be met. In addition, the laser array has a complex structure, occupies a large space, requires high power consumption, and cannot meet the requirements of small satellite load volume and low power consumption.
On the other hand, the conventional carrier recovery algorithm is mostly applied in the communication scenario of the optical fiber channel, the stability of the propagation channel is high, and there is no obvious relative motion between the transceiving terminals. There is no doppler shift caused by the doppler phenomenon. In the space optical communication scene, the satellite-borne receiving and transmitting terminals have relative motion with high-speed and rapid change, so that the Doppler frequency offset with high-frequency and rapid change exists between the receiving and transmitting communication terminals. For such a large dynamic range frequency offset with a fast change rate, it is difficult for the conventional carrier recovery algorithm to meet the compensation requirement. In a wavelength division multiplexing space optical communication system, a carrier recovery algorithm which can compensate for multi-carrier large dynamic frequency offset and has low calculation complexity is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a superspeed space optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb, which overcomes the defects of the prior art. The method fully utilizes the characteristics of the optical frequency comb aiming at the characteristics and requirements of a space optical communication scene, not only can eliminate Doppler carrier frequency offset with large dynamic range and fast change rate in the space optical communication process, but also can complete the phase recovery process of all carrier comb teeth according to the measurement result only by measuring the carrier phase change condition of part of the carrier comb teeth (main component comb teeth) at a receiving end, thereby realizing a high-efficiency and low-complexity combined carrier recovery method and meeting the requirement of limited satellite load calculation resources.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect,
an ultra-high-speed space optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb comprises the following steps:
1) Receiving N paths of carrier signals transmitted by an optical frequency comb at a transmitting end; selecting comb teeth with carrier signal frequency as a median in the optical frequency comb at the transmitting end as calibration comb teeth of the transmitting end; according to the received N paths of carrier signals, obtaining the frequency f of the carrier signals corresponding to the calibration comb teeth of the transmitting end tx ;
2) Selecting comb teeth with carrier signal frequency as a median in the receiving end optical frequency comb as calibration comb teeth of the receiving end; obtaining the frequency f of the carrier signal corresponding to the calibration comb of the transmitting terminal tx Calibrating the frequency f of the carrier signal corresponding to the comb teeth with the receiving end rx The difference value is used as the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth;
3) Compensating the frequency of the carrier signal generated by the calibration comb teeth at the receiving end by using the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth obtained in the step 2), and obtaining the frequency f of the compensated carrier signal c ′;
4) Repeating the steps 1) to 3) until the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth meets the threshold requirement, and then entering the step 5);
5) According to the frequency deviation delta f meeting the threshold value requirement and the frequency f of the carrier signal obtained after compensation c ', obtaining an offset coefficient A;
6) According to the offset coefficient A obtained in the step 5) and the repetition frequency f of the local optical frequency comb r Determining the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb n ;
7) Utilizing the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb determined in the step 6) n Respectively compensating the frequency of each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb to obtain N paths of local carrier signals after frequency compensation;
8) Sequentially carrying out frequency mixing processing on the N paths of carrier signals received in the step 1) and the N paths of local carrier signals obtained in the step 7) after frequency compensation to obtain N paths of baseband signals; the number of the baseband signal corresponds to the number of the carrier signal generated by the local optical frequency comb; the numbers of the carrier signals generated by the local optical frequency comb are sequentially numbered from small to large according to the frequency of the carrier signals;
9) Selecting two baseband signals from the N baseband signals as principal component signals, and respectively measuring the variation phi of the phases of the two baseband signals along with time according to the sampling period m (t) and phi n (t);
10 According to the variation phi of the phases of the two principal component signals obtained in the step 9) along with the time m (t) and phi n (t) obtaining the variation of the phase of the signals of the rest (N-2) roadbed along with the time;
11 Compensating the variation of the phase of the baseband signal obtained in the step 10) along with the time to the corresponding baseband signal to complete the joint carrier recovery method.
Preferably, the threshold requirement in step 4) is specifically: Δ f<f 0 ,f 0 And calibrating the line width value of the comb teeth for the receiving end.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the offset coefficient a in step 5) specifically includes:
A=Δf/f c ′。
preferably, step 6) determines the carrier frequency offset Δ f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb n The method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein n is the number from the calibration comb teeth to the comb teeth on two sides.
Preferably, m is numbered 1 and N is numbered N in step 9).
Preferably, in step 10), the method for obtaining the time-dependent variation of the phase of the remaining (N-2) baseband signal includes: for the variation of the kth baseband signal phase over time:
preferably, the sampling period in step 9) ranges from 80 to 120 milliseconds.
In a second aspect of the present invention,
a processing apparatus, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory to perform the method of the first aspect.
A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program or instructions which, when executed, implement the method of the first aspect.
A computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of the first aspect when the computer program product is run on a computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) Aiming at the problem of Doppler frequency shift of carrier waves with large dynamic range and high change rate caused by high-speed and fast-change relative motion between satellite-borne receiving and transmitting terminals in a space optical communication scene, the invention adopts the technical means of selecting calibration comb teeth from transmitting carrier comb teeth and local carrier comb teeth, measuring frequency deviation between the calibration comb teeth and compensating the frequency deviation to the local optical frequency comb, forms frequency anchoring between multi-channel receiving carrier comb teeth and the local carrier comb teeth, and reduces the influence of the Doppler frequency shift with large dynamic range on carrier frequency shift recovery.
2) Aiming at the problems that satellite load calculation resources are limited and carrier recovery algorithm is difficult to finish independently for each path of carrier in a wavelength division multiplexing communication system, the invention selects partial carriers from N paths of carrier comb teeth after a receiving end passes through a multi-carrier frequency offset recovery process as main component comb teeth, and carrier phase variation of other non-main component comb teeth is calculated and compensated according to the measurement result of carrier phase variation of the main component comb teeth along with time, so that precious calculation resources of satellite load are greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general scheme of the ultra-high speed spatial optical communication joint carrier recovery method adopted in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the joint carrier recovery method employed in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The optical frequency comb has the characteristics of high frequency stability, good spectral line phase coherence, good flatness, integration and the like, and is very suitable for being used as a light source of a coherent light wavelength division multiplexing system to establish a spatial high-speed laser communication backbone network with ultra-large bandwidth and ultrahigh spectral efficiency. The wavelength division multiplexing system based on the optical frequency comb has the characteristics of fixed repetition frequency and coherent phase among the comb teeth of each path of carrier. Therefore, the complexity of the receiving end digital signal processing algorithm can be reduced by the joint carrier recovery technology.
The invention provides an ultra-high-speed space optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb, wherein TX 1 and TX 2 8230are generated at a transmitting end through the optical frequency comb, a TX N channel is used for transmitting carrier signals, and a local optical frequency comb generates R at a receiving endX1, RX 2 \8230, RX N total N local carrier wave signals. The optical frequency comb comprises N carrier comb teeth, the N paths of emission carrier signals correspond to the N paths of local carrier signals one by one, and the corresponding frequencies are the same. The overall scheme is shown in fig. 1 and is divided into two parts, namely multi-carrier frequency offset recovery and joint carrier phase recovery. The frequency of N paths of carrier signals generated by the optical frequency comb is sequentially increased, and the frequency difference value of the carrier signals corresponding to two adjacent comb teeth is the repetition frequency f of the optical frequency comb r 。
The main function of the multi-carrier frequency offset recovery part is to eliminate the high dynamic Doppler frequency shift of the carrier in the spatial coherent optical communication process and complete the acquisition and tracking of the N paths of received carrier signal frequency offsets at the receiving end. The specific realization idea is to select the frequency median comb teeth TX C in the N paths of transmitting carrier comb teeth and the frequency median comb teeth RX C in the N paths of local carrier comb teeth as calibration comb teeth, measure the frequency difference value of TX C and RX C in real time and compensate the difference value to the local optical frequency comb, and form frequency anchoring between the multiple paths of receiving carrier comb teeth and the local carrier comb teeth through the calibration comb teeth. After frequency anchoring, calculating the frequency offset of other carrier comb teeth except the calibration comb teeth through a calculation formula of spatial Doppler frequency shift, and compensating.
The main function of the joint carrier phase recovery part is to measure and compensate the residual carrier phase error on the basis of capturing and tracking the carrier frequency offset by the last part. The specific realization idea is that part of carriers are selected from N paths of carrier combs after the receiving end passes through the multi-carrier frequency offset recovery process as principal component combs, the carrier phase change condition of the principal component combs is measured, and then the carrier phase change quantity of other non-principal component combs is calculated according to the measurement result and is compensated.
The flow of the joint carrier recovery method adopted by the invention is shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation steps comprise:
step S1: selecting comb teeth TX C with the carrier signal frequency of the N paths of transmission carrier comb teeth as a median and comb teeth RX C with the carrier signal frequency of the N paths of local carrier comb teeth as a calibration comb teeth, measuring and receiving the carrier signal transmitted by the calibration comb teeth TX C at a receiving end, and obtaining the frequency f of the received carrier signal tx Frequency f of carrier signal transmitted by local comb RX C rx The difference between them is used as the frequency shift Δ f of the calibration comb.
Step S2: frequency f of carrier signal generated by using delta f as error signal to calibration comb teeth in local optical frequency comb c Compensating to obtain the frequency f of the compensated carrier signal c ' the frequency of the local calibration comb RX C is brought close to the received frequency at which the carrier signal transmitted by the calibration comb TX C is received.
And step S3: repeating the steps S1 to S2 until delta f<f 0 Then the next step is carried out. At this time, a frequency anchoring relation is formed between the multipath receiving carrier comb teeth and the local carrier comb teeth by taking the frequency values of the calibration comb teeth TX C and RX C as anchor points. f. of 0 Is a preset frequency deviation threshold value (f) 0 May be set to the line width value of the calibration comb). Example f of the invention 0 The value range is 10-50 kHz.
And step S4: according to the frequency deviation delta f meeting the threshold value requirement and the frequency f of the carrier signal obtained after compensation c ', obtaining an offset coefficient A; a = Δ f/f c ′;
Step S5: the offset coefficient and the repetition frequency f of the optical frequency comb obtained in step S4 r Determining the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb n (ii) a The method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein n is a mark from the calibration comb teeth to the comb teeth on two sides.
Step S6: utilizing the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb determined in the step S5 n Respectively compensating the frequency of each path of carrier signal in the local carrier comb teeth to obtain a local carrier signal after frequency compensation; and completing the frequency offset recovery process of all carrier signals.
Step S7: carrying out frequency mixing processing on a plurality of locally received carrier signals and local carrier signals subjected to frequency compensation processing to obtain N baseband signals;
step S8: after the recovery process of the multi-carrier frequency offset is completed, selecting a part of baseband signals from the N baseband signals as principal component signals (in this embodiment, selecting baseband signals corresponding to two paths of signals with the lowest and highest carrier signal frequencies as principal component signals), and measuring the variation of the phase of the principal component signals with time according to the sampling period, which is recorded as phi m (t) and phi n (t)。φ m (t) represents the variation of the mth baseband signal phase in the N baseband signals in one sampling period, wherein m is numbered as 1 in the embodiment of the invention; phi is a unit of n (t) represents the variation of the nth baseband signal phase in the N baseband signals in one sampling period, wherein N is numbered as N in the embodiment of the invention; in the embodiment of the invention, the sampling period ranges from 80 milliseconds to 120 milliseconds, and is determined according to the computing capacity of a receiving end processor.
Step S9: since the phase of the carrier signal emitted from the optical-frequency comb has a coherent relationship, the phase variation phi of the principal component signal obtained in step S8 m (t) and phi n (t) deriving and obtaining the variation of the phase of the signals of the rest (N-2) roadbed along with the time; i.e. the phase variation phi of any baseband signal k (t) (kth path) may be derived from the known phase variations φ of the other two baseband signals m (t) (mth lane) and phi n (t) (nth pass). The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the numbers are sequentially numbered from small to large according to the frequency values of the carrier signals corresponding to the carrier comb teeth, the numbers of the baseband signals correspond to the numbers of the carrier comb teeth, and k belongs to [1, N ].
Step S10: and compensating the variation of the phase of each baseband signal obtained in the step S9 along with the time to the corresponding baseband signal, and compensating the phases of all the baseband signals to complete the phase recovery process of all the baseband signals. The high-efficiency and low-complexity combined carrier phase recovery method can be realized.
The principle of frequency offset recovery in the method of the invention is as follows:
taking the selected emission carrier calibration comb TX as an example, assume that the emission end of the optical frequency comb is atMoving in the direction with a velocity v, the propagation direction of the transmitted carrier wave andthe included angle therebetween is theta. For the receiving end, the doppler shift amount (i.e. Δ f) of the carrier can be calculated by the mathematical lorentz formula, as shown in formula (1),
where β = v/c, c denotes the speed of light, and f denotes the frequency of the optical carrier.
The fixed repetition frequency exists among the comb teeth of the optical frequency comb, and the frequency of each generated carrier comb tooth can be expressed as
In the formula (f) n Representing the frequency value of the carrier comb, N representing the relative position of the carrier comb and the calibration comb (N carrier combs in total), f c Representing the value of the nominal comb frequency, f r Representing the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb. In the communication process, N paths of transmitting carrier comb teeth are transmitted through the same channel in the same time, the Doppler frequency offset suffered by the N paths of transmitting carrier comb teeth has common-mode characteristics, and the joint type (1) and the formula (2) have
In the foregoing steps S1 to S3, the carrier offset Δ f of the calibration comb teeth (n = 0) of the optical frequency comb has been measured in real time, i.e., Δ f 0 = Δ f. Then combining with formula (3), the division calibration comb can be calculatedFrequency deviation delta f of other carrier comb teeth outside teeth n And Δ f. Then compensating corresponding delta f for each path of carrier wave n And completing the frequency offset recovery process of all carriers.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above. The embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are not particularly limited to the specific examples described herein.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-high-speed space optical communication combined carrier recovery method based on an optical frequency comb is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Receiving N paths of carrier signals transmitted by an optical frequency comb at a transmitting end; selecting comb teeth with carrier signal frequency as a median in the optical frequency comb at the transmitting end as calibration comb teeth of the transmitting end; according to the received N paths of carrier signals, the frequency f of the carrier signals corresponding to the calibration comb teeth of the transmitting end is obtained tx ;
2) Selecting comb teeth of which the carrier signal frequency is a median in the optical frequency comb of the receiving end as calibration comb teeth of the receiving end; obtaining the frequency f of the carrier signal corresponding to the calibration comb of the transmitting terminal tx Calibrating the frequency f of the carrier signal corresponding to the comb teeth with the receiving end rx The difference value is used as the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth;
3) Compensating the frequency of the carrier signal generated by the calibration comb teeth at the receiving end by using the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth obtained in the step 2), and obtaining the frequency f of the compensated carrier signal c ′;
4) Repeating the steps 1) to 3) until the frequency deviation delta f of the calibration comb teeth meets the threshold requirement, and then entering the step 5);
5) According to the frequency deviation delta f meeting the threshold value requirement and the frequency f of the carrier signal obtained after compensation c ', obtaining an offset coefficient A;
6) The offset coefficient A obtained according to the step 5) and the repetition frequency f of the local optical frequency comb r Determining the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb n ;
7) Utilizing the carrier frequency offset delta f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb determined in the step 6) n Respectively compensating the frequency of each path of carrier signal in the local optical frequency comb to obtain N paths of local carrier signals after frequency compensation;
8) Sequentially performing frequency mixing processing on the N paths of carrier signals received in the step 1) and the N paths of local carrier signals after frequency compensation obtained in the step 7) to obtain N paths of baseband signals; the number of the baseband signal corresponds to the number of the carrier signal generated by the local optical frequency comb; the numbers of the carrier signals generated by the local optical frequency comb are sequentially numbered from small to large according to the frequency of the carrier signals;
9) Selecting two baseband signals from the N baseband signals as principal component signals, and respectively measuring the variation phi of the phases of the two baseband signals along with time according to the sampling period m (t) and phi n (t);
10 According to the variation phi of the phases of the two principal component signals obtained in the step 9) along with the time m (t) and phi n (t) obtaining the variation of the phase of the rest (N-2) baseband signals along with the time;
11 Compensating the variation of the phase of the baseband signal obtained in the step 10) along with the time to the corresponding baseband signal to complete the joint carrier recovery method.
2. The method for ultra-high speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery based on optical frequency comb according to claim 1, wherein the threshold requirement in step 4) is specifically: Δ f<f 0 ,f 0 And calibrating the line width value of the comb teeth for the receiving end.
3. The optical-frequency-comb-based ultra-high-speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the offset coefficient a in step 5) specifically comprises:
A=Δf/f c ′。
4. the method for ultra-high speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery based on optical-frequency comb according to claim 1, wherein step 6) determines a carrier frequency offset Δ f corresponding to each path of carrier signal in the local optical-frequency comb n The method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein n is the number from the calibration comb teeth to the comb teeth on two sides.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein m is numbered 1, N is numbered N in step 9).
6. The method for ultra-high speed spatial optical communication combined carrier recovery based on optical frequency comb according to claim 5, wherein in step 10), the method for obtaining the variation of the phase of the remaining (N-2) baseband signal with time is specifically: for the variation of the kth baseband signal phase over time:
7. the method for recovering the combined carrier wave for the ultra-high speed space optical communication based on the optical frequency comb as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampling period in the step 9) is 80 to 120 milliseconds.
8. A processing apparatus, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that it comprises instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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