CN115389323A - Electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device - Google Patents
Electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115389323A CN115389323A CN202211068417.2A CN202211068417A CN115389323A CN 115389323 A CN115389323 A CN 115389323A CN 202211068417 A CN202211068417 A CN 202211068417A CN 115389323 A CN115389323 A CN 115389323A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/006—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/02—Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/024—Corrosive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device which comprises an electrochemical hydrogen charging unit, a sealing unit and an in-situ stretching unit, wherein the hydrogen charging unit is provided with a platinum electrode plate, a direct current power supply and an electrolytic cell, the sealing unit is composed of a compression spring, a sealing rubber ring and a PVC sealing ring, and the in-situ stretching unit is composed of a group of lead screw guide rails, a sample clamping device and an upper computer. The in-situ tensile sample is fixed through the clamping device and penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the electrolytic cell, and the gauge length section is completely immersed in the electrolyte, and the sealing performance of the in-situ tensile sample in the electrolytic cell is realized by utilizing the pressure generated by the deformation of the compression spring and the sealing rubber ring. The device solves the problem of the mechanical property experiment of the slow strain rate of the sample under the action of the internal hydrogen and the external hydrogen in the hydrogen environment, has simple structure, smaller integral size and simple and convenient operation, and is suitable for the experiment research and verification of the hydrogen damage of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal mechanical property measurement in a hydrogen environment, in particular to an electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device.
Background
The energy structure transformation is a great national demand, wherein a hydrogen energy source is used as a renewable energy source, the industrial development prospect is wide, and the hydrogen energy industry is arranged nationwide at present. Therefore, the development of the safety protection technology of equipment and structural parts of the hydrogen energy whole industrial chain is particularly rapid.
Typical hydrogen energy industrial equipment and structural parts such as hydrogenation station equipment, hydrogen transmission pipelines and the like are in service in a hydrogen environment and face the problems of hydrogen brittleness, hydrogen induced cracking and the like caused by the action of hydrogen. The hydrogen sources in the material can be divided into two types, namely, internal hydrogen entering the material through physical adsorption, decomposition and diffusion in a hydrogen pressure environment, such as a hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline, a pure hydrogen pipeline and the like, and external hydrogen in a service environment.
Equipment and structural parts serving in a hydrogen environment usually suffer from combined action of stress, chemical potential and the like, and hydrogen damage phenomena such as hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen induced cracking and hydrogen bubbling can occur. Among them, the deterioration of strength, rigidity, toughness and other properties caused by the diffusion and aggregation of hydrogen in the metal belongs to the category of hydrogen embrittlement, and belongs to early hydrogen damage. And hydrogen entering the metal is enriched at the positions of dislocation, grain boundary and the like in the form of atoms and molecules, so that the microcrack is induced to diffuse, and even the structural part is broken, which belongs to an irreversible damage form. Therefore, the research on the early hydrogen damage state of the metal under the action of the internal hydrogen and the external hydrogen has important practical significance for preventing the failure of the in-service hydrogen structural part.
At present, the hydrogen embrittlement mechanism of metal materials generally accepted by researchers mainly comprises a hydrogen pressure theory, a hydrogen reduction interface bonding force theory, a hydrogen-promoted local plastic deformation theory and a hydrogen-induced strain-induced vacancy aggregation theory. In order to probe the basic mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement and ensure the safety of metal materials in the use process, it is necessary to probe the influence rule of hydrogen content on the mechanical properties of the materials and the property degradation mechanism under laboratory conditions.
The method can be divided into static hydrogen charging and dynamic hydrogen charging according to the existence of stress loading during hydrogen charging, the static hydrogen charging mode under the condition of no load is mature, and the common methods comprise room-temperature gas-phase hydrogen charging, high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen charging and electrochemical hydrogen charging. The gas phase hydrogen filling at room temperature refers to that the hydrogen filling is directly carried out in an acid solution or crude oil by soaking, more and more hydrogen enters metal along with the increase of time, and the method is simple to operate but has poor hydrogen filling effect. Although the hydrogen charging effect is obvious, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen charging needs to be kept for a long time, so that the conditions are difficult to be met in a common laboratory, and the experimental safety is difficult to be ensured. The electrochemical hydrogen charging can ensure that a sample obtains higher hydrogen concentration in a short time, and the hydrogen concentration required by the experiment can be conveniently controlled by controlling the hydrogen charging time, the current magnitude, the electrolyte concentration and the like, so that the electrochemical hydrogen charging method is a common experimental hydrogen charging method.
Compared with three hydrogen charging modes, although the hydrogen charging modes are different in every autumn, the defects which are difficult to avoid exist, so in conclusion, it is necessary to design a dynamic laboratory hydrogen charging device which is simple and convenient in equipment, simple in operation and small in potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the implementation of the invention provides an electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, which mainly aims to solve the problems of high cost, long experimental period, complex structure and the like of the conventional hydrogen charging.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, which comprises an electrochemical hydrogen charging unit, a sealing unit and an in-situ stretching unit, wherein:
the electrochemical hydrogen charging unit comprises a direct current power supply, a platinum electrode, an in-situ tensile sample and an electrolytic tank, wherein the platinum electrode and the in-situ tensile sample are placed in the electrolytic tank with hydrogen charging electrolyte when in use, the platinum electrode is connected to the anode of the direct current power supply through a lead, and the in-situ tensile sample is connected to the cathode of the direct current power supply.
The sealing unit comprises a compression spring and a sealing rubber ring, the compression spring is arranged at the fixed end of the in-situ tensile sample in use and contacts with the PVC sealing ring and the sealing cover, and the sealing rubber ring is compacted by axial elastic force formed by compression of the spring per se to realize self-sealing of the fixed end of the in-situ tensile sample in the hydrogen charging slow stretching process.
The in-situ stretching unit comprises a screw rod guide rail and a clamping device. The lead screw guide rail stretching device is an important component for keeping a stretching sample stable, and two lead screw guide rails with the same specification are selected and symmetrically assembled on two sides of the electrochemical hydrogen charging device. The metal connecting rod is fixed with the screw in a welding mode to enable the screw on the two sides to keep parallel.
According to the electrochemical hydrogen-charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, a through hole with the same diameter as that of a clamping end of an in-situ stretching sample is formed in the bottom surface of an electrolytic cell, and the through hole penetrates through a compression spring, a sealing rubber ring and a PVC sealing ring after being connected with a clamping device at the lower end part, and the electrolytic cell is kept in a sealing state through a sealing unit.
According to the electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, a metal sample and a platinum sheet are arranged in an electrolytic cell, the platinum sheet is arranged on the left side of the metal sample in parallel and connected with a power supply anode through an insulated copper wire, and the metal sample is connected with a power supply cathode through an insulated copper wire.
The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device is characterized in that metal materials are selected as the upper and lower symmetrical clamping devices, and the upper and lower end clamping devices are directly connected with a metal sample through fastening bolts.
According to the electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, the lead screw guide rail adopts the ball screw, the ball screw is an ideal product for converting rotary motion into linear motion, and the electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device is high in precision, good in stability, high in sensitivity and long in service life.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the existing main hydrogen charging methods have respective defects, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen charging mode needs to be carried out in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the requirements of a laboratory are difficult to meet, and the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen charging mode has great potential safety hazards. Secondly, at present, a pre-charging hydrogen and slow stretching experiment is generally adopted for hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity research experiments, and the stretching experiment is carried out after the hydrogen charging is finished. In the pre-hydrogen charging process, a large amount of time is needed for gas-phase hydrogen charging and electrochemical hydrogen charging at room temperature, the hydrogen charging content is limited, the time is needed from the hydrogen environment to the stretching experiment process, the strain rate of the stretching experiment is low, the experiment consumes long time, and the hydrogen is difficult to avoid escaping.
The invention can realize the stretching of the metal material while charging hydrogen while approaching the actual working condition, and can obtain different hydrogen concentrations by changing the current. When reducing the potential safety hazard, the laboratory operation of being convenient for can design not unidimensional sample according to the different situation, and required raw and other materials are few, and the processing of being convenient for, metal specimen size is little, is favorable to hydrogen to be diffused in sample inside. The device is suitable for a dynamic hydrogen charging slow stretching system in which a hydrogen charging process and a loading process are carried out simultaneously, and can effectively solve the problem of hydrogen escape in the slow stretching experiment process after hydrogen charging in the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity problem research.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention has simple structure, small and exquisite equipment, common and easily obtained materials and lower cost.
2. The method is simple to operate, has small potential safety hazard and has low laboratory requirements.
3. The invention uses the sealing washer, rubber and the like for sealing, has simple sealing structure and good sealing performance, and can effectively prevent the electrolyte from seeping and hydrogen from escaping.
4. According to the invention, the clamp is connected with the sample by using the fastening bolt, and the sample can be loaded under the condition of electrochemical hydrogen charging by using the lead screw guide rail stretching devices at two sides, so that the problem of hydrogen escape from the pre-charging to the experimental stage is effectively avoided.
5. The invention can control the current density of the sample during hydrogen filling by adjusting the input current of the direct current power supply and obtain the required different internal and external hydrogen state experimental conditions by controlling the hydrogen filling current density.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a direct current power supply; 2. a metal connecting plate; 3. a guide rail slider; 4. a clamping device; 5. an electrolytic cell; 6. a platinum electrode; 7. a screw linear guide rail; 8. stretching the sample in situ; 9. sealing the rubber ring; 10. a PVC sealing ring; 11. a compression spring; 12. the clamping device fastens the bolt; 13. a fixing plate; 14. and an upper computer.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, illustrative embodiments of which are set forth herein to illustrate, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In a specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 1, the dynamic electrochemical hydrogen charging test device of this embodiment has a bilateral symmetry and an up-down asymmetry structure, and includes an electrochemical hydrogen charging unit, a sealing unit and an in-situ tension unit, and is mainly provided with a platinum electrode plate 6, a dc power supply 1, an electrolytic cell 5, an in-situ tension sample 8, a compression spring 11, a sealing rubber ring 9, a PVC sealing ring 10, a set of lead screw guide rails 7, a metal connecting plate 2, a fixing plate 13 and a pair of sample clamping devices 12. The device equipment is light, easy operation carries out the loading to the sample when can realizing filling hydrogen, is favorable to reducing the effusion of hydrogen, promotes the experimental result reliability.
The upper end surface of the electrolytic cell 5 is open, and the lower end surface is provided with a through hole with the same diameter as that of the end part of the in-situ tensile sample 8. The end part of the in-situ tensile sample 8 passes through the through hole to be connected with the clamping device 12 and is connected by a fastening bolt. And a sealing rubber ring 9, a PVC sealing ring 10 and a compression spring 11 are arranged at the lower end part of the in-situ tensile sample 8 and penetrate through the through hole of the electrolytic cell 5 to the inside of the electrolytic cell 5. Self-sealing of the stretching device is realized through the compression stress generated by self-stretching deformation of the compression spring 11, and the leakage of electrolyte is prevented.
NaOH electrolyte is filled in the electrolytic cell 5, the gauge length section of the in-situ tensile sample 8 and the platinum electrode plate 6 are arranged in the electrolytic cell 5, and the electrolyte submerges the gauge length section of the metal sample, so that the gauge length section of the metal sample and the platinum plate are completely in an experimental state. The platinum electrode plate 6 is also placed in the electrolytic tank 5 and is placed in parallel with the 8 gauge length sections of the in-situ tensile sample, the 8 gauge length sections of the in-situ tensile sample can change shapes according to different experimental requirements, and the sizes of the upper end and the lower end of the in-situ tensile sample are matched with the clamping device. The platinum electrode plate 6 is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply 1 through an insulated copper wire, the in-situ tensile sample 8 is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply in the same way, and the direct current power supply 1 can adjust current and voltage values according to different experimental requirements.
The upper end of the in-situ tensile sample 8 is connected with the clamping device 12 through a fastening bolt. The end face of the clamping device 12 is fixedly connected with the metal connecting plate 2 and the fixing plate 13 through fastening bolts and further fixedly connected with the left and right symmetrical nuts on the lead screw guide rail 7, so that the left and right nuts are always kept in a parallel state, and the tension force loading is realized through the lead screw guide rail 7. The upper computer 14 simultaneously acquires the pulse number and time of the stepping motor.
The device has the advantages of simple structure, low equipment cost, simple operation and no potential safety hazard, can perform electrochemical hydrogen charging while slowly stretching the sample, effectively avoids hydrogen overflow, can control the hydrogen charging current density and the hydrogen charging time, and reduces experimental errors. The device is small in overall size, suitable for being popularized and used in a laboratory, simple and easy to operate, and suitable for metal samples of different sizes, specifications and shapes.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device, which is characterized by comprising an electrochemical hydrogen charging unit, a sealing unit and an in-situ stretching unit, wherein:
the electrochemical hydrogen charging unit comprises a direct current power supply (1), a platinum electrode (6), an in-situ tensile sample (8) and an electrolytic cell (5); the sealing unit comprises a compression spring (10) and a sealing rubber ring (9); the in-situ stretching unit comprises a screw rod guide rail (7), a clamping device (4) and an upper computer (14).
2. The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper structure of the electrolytic cell (5) is an electrochemical hydrogen charging unit, a platinum electrode (6) and an in-situ stretching sample (8) are arranged in the electrolytic cell in parallel at a gauge length, the platinum electrode is soaked in electrolyte, the platinum electrode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply (1) through a lead, and the in-situ stretching sample (8) is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply (1).
3. The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compression spring (11) is located in the bottom sealing structure of the electrolytic cell (5), fixed at the lower end of the in-situ tensile sample (8) and contacted with the PVC sealing ring (10), and the axial elastic force formed by the compression of the spring acts on the PVC sealing ring (10) and is transferred to the sealing rubber ring (9), so that the lower end of the in-situ tensile sample (8) keeps sealed in the stretching process.
4. The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping devices (4) which are symmetrical up and down are connected and fixed on the upper and lower metal connecting plates (2), and the in-situ stretching sample (8) is connected with the clamping devices (4) through fastening bolts (12).
5. The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left and right symmetrical lead screw linear guide rails (7) are respectively connected with the metal connecting plate (2) and the fixing plate (13) through fastening bolts, so that the left and right lead screw linear guide rails are kept parallel, and the clamping device is controlled to stretch the in-situ stretching sample (8) through the transmission of a high-precision stepping motor driving lead screw.
6. The electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the in-situ stretching unit sets the stretching rate of the sample by controlling the rotation speed of the stepping motor through an upper computer (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211068417.2A CN115389323A (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device |
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| CN202211068417.2A CN115389323A (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Electrochemical hydrogen charging slow strain rate in-situ stretching device |
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| CN115389323A true CN115389323A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117723608A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司 | Material hydrogen embrittlement detection device and method based on electrochemical hydrogen charging test |
| CN117723608B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-05-10 | 江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司 | Material hydrogen embrittlement detection device and method based on electrochemical hydrogen charging test |
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2022
- 2022-09-02 CN CN202211068417.2A patent/CN115389323A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117723608A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司 | Material hydrogen embrittlement detection device and method based on electrochemical hydrogen charging test |
| CN117723608B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-05-10 | 江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司 | Material hydrogen embrittlement detection device and method based on electrochemical hydrogen charging test |
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