CN115387183A - Construction method for improving quality of subbase layer of large-particle-size crushed stone - Google Patents
Construction method for improving quality of subbase layer of large-particle-size crushed stone Download PDFInfo
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- CN115387183A CN115387183A CN202210622542.7A CN202210622542A CN115387183A CN 115387183 A CN115387183 A CN 115387183A CN 202210622542 A CN202210622542 A CN 202210622542A CN 115387183 A CN115387183 A CN 115387183A
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- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/46—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing and placing the materials, e.g. slurry seals
- E01C19/466—Solid materials, e.g. crushing same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
- E01C19/4806—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ with solely rollers for consolidating or finishing
- E01C19/482—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ with solely rollers for consolidating or finishing the materials being uncoated stone or similar granular materials, e.g. sand
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/01—Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of highway quality control, and particularly relates to a construction method for improving the quality of a large-particle-size gravel subbase, which comprises the following steps of: controlling the proportion of large grain diameter and fine aggregate to be large and the proportion of the middle to be small; two-stage stirring is carried out by adopting two stirring cylinders, the first-stage stirring cylinder is used for stirring and mixing dry materials and water, and the discharge port is connected with the feed port of the second-stage finished product stirring cylinder through a semi-finished product conveying belt; transporting the base material after stirring and mixing from the mixing station to a construction site, and covering with a covering material in the transportation process; adopting a paver to pave, and controlling the paving speed and thickness of the paver in the paving process; rolling the flattened base material by adopting a process of primary pressing, secondary pressing and final pressing, and performing quality control detection on a finished product after rolling; the invention mainly makes more fine control on the technology and innovations on the construction process by controlling the raw materials with higher requirements, so that the quality of the graded broken stone subbase is obviously improved on the whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of highway quality control, and particularly relates to a construction method for improving the quality of a large-particle-size gravel subbase.
Background
The graded broken stone subbase is the main structural layer of the road surface structural layer of the road engineering (as marked in a frame in figure 1), is a key process which is important in the construction of the road surface, and the engineering quality of the graded broken stone subbase can directly influence the service life of the whole road surface engineering, so that the control of the construction quality of the graded broken stone subbase is a key point for each participating unit.
The traditional graded broken stone subbase construction technology comprises the following steps: checking and cleaning a lower bearing layer, measuring and lofting, mixing a mixing plant and mixing graded broken stones, transporting to a construction site, spreading by a spreading machine, leveling and shaping, rolling by a road roller, maintaining and detecting quality.
However, the quality of the graded crushed stone sub-base layer of the finished product is difficult to control under the common conditions, and is mainly reflected by the following quality problems: the hardening effect is poor, and the surface is loose; separating coarse and fine particles during paving to cause segregation; the compactness can not meet the requirement; the surface flatness is poor after molding; dry (warm) shrinkage cracks and the like are easily generated. The occurrence of each quality problem may affect the safety and the service life of the road surface, and the analysis of the causes of the quality problems includes the following aspects: (1) the raw materials are not good; (2) the mix proportion is unreasonable in design; (3) the site construction is not strictly implemented according to the standard requirement; and (4) maintenance in the later period is not in place. Therefore, on the basis of the traditional process, how to avoid the quality problem and realizing the controllability of the quality of the whole flow of the graded broken stone base course is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a construction method for improving the quality of a large-particle-size gravel subbase, aiming at the problem that the quality of a graded gravel subbase is difficult to control, the invention mainly makes higher-requirement control on raw materials, technically makes finer control and carries out innovation on a construction process, so that the quality of the graded gravel subbase is generally one floor, and the quality controllability is realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a construction method for improving the quality of a large-particle-size gravel subbase layer, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, raw material control
The particle size and the proportion of the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are as follows:
| particle size (mm) | 20-40 | 10-30 | 5-10 | 0-5 |
| Ratio (%) | 47 | 19 | 11 | 23 |
S2, mixing the graded raw material and water in the step S1 by adopting a plant mixing method and utilizing double mixing cylinders for two-stage mixing, mixing the dry material and the water by using a first-stage mixing cylinder to prepare a semi-finished product, and connecting a discharge port with a feed port of a second-stage finished product mixing cylinder through a semi-finished product conveying belt to form a double-cylinder two-stage series mixing mode;
s3, transporting the base material stirred and mixed in the step S2 from the stirring station to a construction site, and covering with a covering object in the transportation process to prevent water loss; adopting a paver to pave, and controlling the paving speed and thickness of the paver in the paving process;
and S4, rolling the base material flattened in the step S3 by adopting a process of primary pressing, secondary pressing and final pressing, and performing quality control detection on a finished product after rolling.
Preferably, in the step S2, in the stirring process, synchronous vibration motors are respectively arranged on stirring shafts of the first-stage stirring cylinder and the second-stage finished product stirring cylinder.
Preferably, in S3, the transport distance from the mixing station to the construction site is controlled within 20 km.
Preferably, in S3, the paving speed is 2-3m/min, and the paving thickness is 20cm.
Preferably, in S4, the initial pressing step and the final pressing step are performed by a smooth-wheel roller, and the re-pressing step is performed by a rubber-wheel roller.
Preferably, in S4, the rolling speed is 2-3km/h.
Preferably, in S4, the quality control of the finished product needs to monitor the compaction degree and deflection value in an important manner besides the conventional items.
Preferably, in S4, the compaction degree is detected by a sand-casting method, and the detected compaction degree is not less than 98%.
Preferably, the subbase layer after detection is not required to be specially cured, and the traffic can be opened.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention makes more precise control on the technology and innovations on the construction process by providing higher-requirement control on the raw materials, so that the quality of the graded broken stone subbase is obviously improved on the whole, and the traffic can be opened immediately after the final pressure is finished;
the vehicle is not allowed to pass after the foundation layer construction of the traditional construction method is finished and qualified through detection, the next procedure construction is carried out as soon as possible, otherwise, the structural layer is damaged along with the loosening phenomenon of the surface layer caused by the evaporation of moisture; the maintenance of the subbase layer basically does not need special maintenance, the traffic can be opened, and the structural layer can not be damaged, which is shown in the following steps:
(1) The situation that the minimum value is lower than a designed specified value does not occur in the whole line; (2) The transverse cracks on the surface of the subbase layer are greatly reduced compared with the prior project, and the transverse cracks of the whole project are only extremely individual phenomena; (3) When the subbase layer is used as a transportation sidewalk for a long time, the phenomena of stone flying and threshing are very little; (4) The probability of successful coring of the core is improved, the randomly extracted core sample is very good, and the condition of loosening and non-forming is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pavement structure layer;
FIG. 2 is a field diagram of the flattening process;
FIG. 3 is a field diagram of a lamination process;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect after rolling;
FIG. 5 in-situ compaction test (A) and results (B).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Aiming at various quality problems of the graded broken stone subbase, the quality of the graded broken stone subbase is monitored and analyzed by combining the whole construction process of the cement pavement major repair engineering pavement graded broken stone subbase from G324 Fuzhou to Kunming road (Wu Ye to good boundary) K1587+ 000-K1596 +922 sections, and innovative measures such as a new process and a new standard are adopted, so that the quality detection result is satisfactory, the engineering quality is far higher than the standard, and the common quality problem can be basically solved.
In order to solve the common quality problems of the graded broken stone subbase, the project mainly makes more fine control on the technology and innovations on the construction process by controlling the raw materials with higher requirements, so that the quality of the graded broken stone Dan Deji layer is one floor on the whole.
1. A preparation stage: control of raw materials
The graded broken stone subbase layer is made of graded broken stone, sand and water according to the corresponding sieve hole ratio in the following table 1. The grading required by the coarse aggregate (gravel) specification is as follows:
TABLE 1 grading data for coarse aggregate (macadam) code requirements
The general use is that the grain size of the coarse aggregate (macadam) with the G5 specification is generally below 20.0mm, the proportion of 19.0mm is the largest, about 95 percent, and the other grain sizes are about 13.2mm and 9.5mm, about 10 percent.
Fine aggregates (sands) are as in table 2:
TABLE 2 grading data for fine aggregate (macadam) code requirements
The proportion of the fine aggregate is about 95 percent at the maximum by 2.36mm, and about 0.075mm10 percent is supplemented. The requirement of water is consistent with that of common drinking water, and the aggregate is used as a main material and has an obvious control effect.
The conventionally adopted grading is as follows:
| particle size (mm) | 20-40 | 10-30 | 5-10 | 0-5 |
| Ratio (%) | 0 | 54 | 29 | 17 |
The technological requirement of the invention is that the grading requirement is that the grain size is larger, and the grading is different from the range of the specification requirement. The traditional grading is continuous, the proportion of the fine aggregate is large, the grading at this time is that the proportion of two ends is large, for example, the proportion of large particle size and fine aggregate is large, and the proportion of the middle part is small. The method comprises the following specific steps:
| particle size (mm) | 20-40 | 10-30 | 5-10 | 0-5 |
| Ratio (%) | 47 | 19 | 11 | 23 |
As is known, the material is easy to change in the construction process, the first pass is to control the quality of the material, the control of the material is usually carried out according to the technical rules of Highway base course construction (JTG/T F-2015), and the requirements on graded broken stones (coarse aggregates) mainly meet the following indexes (see Table 3):
TABLE 3 coarse aggregate specification sheet
Note: the crushing value of granite stones can be widened to 25 percent
The crush value index, which is the index of 35% or less according to the specification shown in Table 3 above, is 19% as a practical value.
The content of the needle-shaped particles, as shown in the above table 3, is not more than 20% according to the index of the content of the needle-shaped particles required by the specification, and the actual detection value is 13%.
The maximum dry density of the mixture obtained by the heavy compaction test is 2.45g/cm 3 The optimum water content is 4.6%.
2. Continuous improvement of construction technology
The task arrangement and the technical bottom-crossing work before the construction are very important, which is an important link for fine and standardized construction. The preparation of the site and the organization and construction link are important. Seamless docking is required from the mixing station selection point, mixing equipment selection, material transportation, mixture delivery site, site construction and mechanical combination.
2.1 arrangement and technical requirements of the Mixer plant
The mixing method adopted by us is a plant mixing method. The project adopts a WCZ type stabilized soil mixing plant produced by Shandong city fibrate engineering machinery Limited company, the mixing plant is composed of a central control room, a collecting inlet, a mixing cylinder and a discharging port, the central control room inputs broken stone proportions and water consumption with different grain sizes at a computer end, broken stones with different grain sizes are loaded to collecting ports with corresponding grain sizes by a loader and are transmitted to a material control end through instructions, the quantity of discharging is automatically controlled, the broken stones are transmitted to a first mixing cylinder through a transmission belt, preset water is added for primary mixing, the broken stones are transmitted to a second mixing cylinder through the transmission belt for secondary mixing, and then the broken stones are transmitted to the discharging port to complete the mixing process. The site selection and construction of the mixing plant can be completed according to the standard requirements, and different from the common situation that the mixing cylinder of the mixing plant adopts a double-mixing-cylinder mixing technology, the double-cylinder mixing technology is realized by field construction technicians, and modification is carried out, a conveyor belt is added beside the first mixing cylinder, a mixing cylinder is added, and about 8 ten thousand yuan is added.
In general, only one mixing cylinder is needed for one mixing station to meet the requirements of construction production, and the obtained mixture can be sent to a construction site as long as the continuous mixing of more than or equal to 36S is met according to the specification. And this project batching plant stirs through two agitator tank two-stage, and dry material and water are mixed in the stirring of one-level agitator tank, and the discharge gate passes through semi-manufactured goods conveyor belt to be connected with the feed inlet of second grade finished product agitator tank, forms the double-cylinder two-stage and establishes ties stirring mode, and its advantage is as follows:
(1) The synchronous vibration motor is arranged on the stirring shaft, and the vibration strong wave for more than 1500 times is released to the stirring shaft and the stirring blades, so that water, fine aggregate and the like are fully dispersed, the phenomenon of agglomeration and aggregation existing in the traditional stirring is solved, and the stirring is uniform in the stirring process;
(2) The vibrating stirring technology solves the problems of uneven stirring and ubiquitous segregation of aggregate stirred by a traditional single stirring cylinder, and can reduce the amount of fine aggregate to a certain extent, thereby reducing the generation of cracks of a macadam structural layer and improving the quality of pavement engineering.
(3) The vibration type mixer ensures that the stirring has no dead angle and no low-efficiency area, and realizes the uniform mixing. The graded broken stone mixture mixed by the double mixing cylinders is more uniform. Through on-site observation, the produced base layer mixture is uniform in color and luster, free of lumps and white materials, stable in water content control, greatly improved in mixture uniformity, enhanced in construction workability, improved in rolling dynamic stability, less in spring phenomenon, less in segregation phenomenon and improved in strength.
2.2 Innovation of construction Process
(1) And (5) transporting. When the dump truck is used for transportation, cloth is required to cover the dump truck during transportation to prevent water from evaporating, and the transportation distance is controlled to be 20 km.
The graded broken stone subbase of the project adopts a paving construction process, as shown in figure 2, a paver is adopted for paving construction, the paving cannot be carried out by a bulldozer or a grader, the paving speed of the paver and the thickness of 20cm are strictly controlled in the paving process, the speed of the paving speed is 2-3m/min lower than the speed required by the specification, and the conditions of segregation, unsatisfied flatness and the like are avoided.
The rolling process procedure also has different requirements from the conventional subbase construction rolling process, and the traditional rolling of the subbase graded crushed stones is 4-6 times of rolling by adopting a smooth-wheel road roller; the rolling process of the subbase layer adopts the process procedures of initial rolling, re-rolling and final rolling, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 2-3Km/h as shown in figure 3. The initial pressing and the final pressing adopt a smooth wheel road roller, the rubber wheel is used for rolling in the re-pressing process, the rubber wheel road roller is used for forcibly rubbing the broken stone by the rubber wheel until the surface of the subbase layer is compact, the 'skeleton' of the subbase layer is constructed by the broken stone with large grain diameter, and the pores inside are filled by fine aggregate (sand), so that the subbase layer of the whole working surface is more compact, the existing strength and compactness are achieved, and the emphasis is that 'compact' is adopted instead of 'hardened'. The method is related to the control of the requirement on the mixing amount of the fine aggregates, the purpose of hardening is achieved by excessive fine aggregates, but the drainage function is influenced, but the project is to achieve the purpose that the strength can meet the requirement and the drainage is not influenced, so the graded broken stone subbase mixture is required to achieve a framework compact structure rather than a suspension structure. As shown in fig. 4, the traffic can be opened immediately by the effect after the final pressure.
3. Curing of
The maintenance of the subbase layer of the project basically does not need special maintenance, the traffic can be opened, and the structural layer can not be damaged. After the construction is finished, the detection of compactness, width, flatness, elevation, cross slope and the like is required.
4. Quality detection
The quality detection link is particularly important. In addition to conventional projects, quality control detection of finished products needs to monitor the degree of compaction and deflection value as key points, and especially the degree of compaction index basically achieves the effect of 'one ticket rejection'. The method is characterized in that a sand filling method is generally adopted for detecting the compactness, the compactness standard is K0=98%, the actual detected compactness is not less than 98%, even some detection points cannot be loosened by manual drilling, and an electric drilling machine is needed for assisting in completing the hole digging process. As shown in fig. 5, the in-situ compaction degree test (a) and the result (B).
According to survey statistics, the subbase construction of the project has several places which are very worthy of being confirmed: (1) The situation that the minimum value is lower than the design specified value does not occur in the whole project line; (2) The transverse crack lines on the surface of the subbase layer are greatly reduced compared with the prior project, and the transverse cracks appearing in the whole project are only extremely individual phenomena; (3) When the bottom base layer is used as a transportation sidewalk for a long time, the phenomena of stone flying and threshing are very little; (4) The probability of successful coring during core drilling is improved, the randomly drawn core sample is very good, and the condition of loosening and unshaped core sample is avoided.
In summary, the graded broken stone subbase construction process requires the following steps: construction preparation, site base layer preparation, mixing station preparation discharging, automobile transportation of mixed materials to a construction site, spreading by a spreading machine, shaping, rolling by a road roller, maintenance and quality detection. Although each link is not a particularly innovative part, the links are effectively integrated into a whole set of new process flow, and the construction quality of the subbase is unprecedented good, even surpasses that of all the subbase. The innovation of the big: the structure of the raw material is adjusted, and the original compact structure is changed into a skeleton compact structure; in the construction link, the paving speed and the rolling speed are adjusted on the basis of the construction process of the asphalt pavement in the paving and rolling links, so that the whole process flow is absolutely absent, and the combination and innovation of the whole process obtain higher and better engineering quality, which is the aim of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method for improving the quality of a large-particle-size gravel subbase is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, raw material control
The grading particle size and the proportion of the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are as follows:
S2, mixing the graded raw material and water in the step S1 by adopting a plant mixing method and utilizing double mixing cylinders for two-stage mixing, mixing the dry material and the water by using a first-stage mixing cylinder to prepare a semi-finished product, and connecting a discharge port with a feed port of a second-stage finished product mixing cylinder through a semi-finished product conveying belt to form a double-cylinder two-stage series mixing mode;
s3, transporting the base material stirred and mixed in the step S2 from the stirring station to a construction site, and covering with a covering material in the transportation process to prevent water loss; adopting a paver to pave, and controlling the paving speed and thickness of the paver in the paving process;
and S4, rolling the base material flattened in the step S3 by adopting a process of primary pressing, secondary pressing and final pressing, and performing quality control detection on a finished product after rolling.
2. The construction method for improving the quality of the large-particle size crushed stone subbase according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, synchronous vibration motors are respectively arranged on the stirring shafts of the primary stirring cylinder and the secondary finished product stirring cylinder during the stirring process.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transportation distance from the mixing station to the construction site in S3 is controlled to be within 20 km.
4. The construction method for improving the quality of the sub-base of the large-particle size crushed stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the paving speed is 2-3m/min and the paving thickness is 20cm.
5. The construction method for improving the quality of the large-particle size gravel subbase as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, a smooth roller is adopted for the initial pressing process and a rubber roller is adopted for the final pressing process.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rolling speed in S4 is 2-3km/h.
7. The construction method for improving the quality of the sub-base of the large-particle-size crushed stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the quality control test of the finished product requires important monitoring of the compaction degree and the deflection value in addition to the conventional items.
8. The construction method for improving the quality of the sub-base of the large-particle-size crushed stone as claimed in claim 7, wherein in S4, the sand filling method is adopted for detecting the compaction degree, and the detected compaction degree is more than or equal to 98%.
9. The construction method for improving the quality of the subbase of the large-particle-size crushed stones according to claim 1, wherein the subbase after detection does not need to be specially maintained, and traffic can be opened.
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| CN (1) | CN115387183A (en) |
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