CN115386694A - Composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening core and super-hardening surface of high-carbon bearing steel - Google Patents
Composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening core and super-hardening surface of high-carbon bearing steel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011419 induction treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 GCr18Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
A composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening the core and super-hardening the surface of high-carbon bearing steel belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of bearing steel. The process comprises the following steps: the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15 is prepared by a spheroidizing heat treatment process, a quenching and tempering heat treatment process, a surface induction heat treatment process and a final tempering heat treatment process. Has the advantages that the core hardness is more than or equal to 40HRC and the toughness Aku is more than or equal to 40J through the composite heat treatment, and simultaneously the surface hardness after the composite treatment is more than or equal to 65HRC and the room temperature contact fatigue life L10 under the Hertz stress of 4.5GPa is more than or equal to 1x10 8 Secondly; not only can be used in GCr15 steel to improve the performance, but also can be used in GCr15 steelFor use in bearing steels such as GCr18Mo, 440C and M50.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing steel heat treatment, and particularly provides a composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening the core and super-hardening the surface of high-carbon bearing steel. The hardness of 40HRC in the core and the impact toughness of 50J are obtained by quenching and tempering, and surface induction treatment is carried out on the basis to obtain the surface hardening depth of not less than 1.0mm and the surface hardness of not less than 65HRC, thereby realizing the composite heat treatment process technology of core strength and toughness and surface super-hardening. The high-carbon bearing steel subjected to the composite treatment can replace a carburized bearing steel material with high price to manufacture a bearing under high impact load, the manufacturing cost of the bearing is reduced, and meanwhile, the high-carbon bearing steel can replace medium-carbon induction bearing steel, so that the fatigue resistance of the bearing is greatly improved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.
Background
Conventional bearing steels are classified into high-carbon bearing steels typified by GCr15, carburized bearing steels typified by G20CrNi2Mo, medium-carbon bearing steels typified by 42CrMo, stainless bearing steels typified by 440C, high-temperature bearing steels typified by M50, and nonmagnetic bearing steels typified by GH 05. Wherein, the GCr15 has large quantity and wide range, the cost is lowest and the process performance is best. The carburized bearing steel has high toughness, high surface hardness after surface carburization and high core toughness. Meanwhile, the medium carbon bearing steel is subjected to composite heat treatment of high core strength and toughness and high surface hardness by combining quenching and tempering treatment and surface induction so as to meet the anti-fatigue requirement of the bearing under impact load and alternating load.
Compared with the traditional carburized bearing G20CrNi2Mo which needs long-time high-temperature carburization, the manufacturing cost of the bearing is greatly increased, the medium-carbon bearing steel 42CrMo has the defects of insufficient fatigue life and the like caused by lack of wear-resistant carbide tissues, the surface hardening of the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15 can obtain very high surface hardness through surface induction of integral hardening products, and the requirement of a long-life bearing on the high hardness of the surface of the bearing is met. Meanwhile, compared with carburized bearing steel G20CrNi2Mo, the center strength and toughness of the medium carbon bearing steel 42Cr are realized through low carbon alloying, and the center strength and toughness of the high carbon bearing steel can also be obtained through quenching and tempering after spheroidizing. In addition, from the viewpoint of raw material cost, carburized bearing steel and medium carbon bearing steel contain higher alloy elements, resulting in higher material cost than high carbon bearing steel having carbon as a main alloy element. Therefore, the development of the composite heat treatment process of the strengthening and toughening of the core and the surface super hardening of the high-carbon bearing steel mainly based on GCr15 has very important application prospect and great theoretical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening the core and super-hardening the surface of high-carbon bearing steel, which combines spheroidizing annealing and quenching and tempering to realize the toughness Aku of the core of the bearing steel is more than or equal to 40J and the hardness is more than or equal to 35HRC; the surface high hardness with the hardened layer depth of more than or equal to 1.0mm and the surface hardness of more than or equal to 65HRC is obtained by combining the final surface induction heat treatment and the low-temperature tempering treatment. The composite heat treatment process of strengthening and toughening the core and high hardening the surface can replace expensive carburizing bearing steel and carburizing heat treatment process thereof, and also can replace medium carbon bearing steel with insufficient wear resistance and non-selected fatigue life, so as to manufacture the high-end bearing with impact resistance, wear resistance and long service life.
The invention adopts the common high-carbon bearing steel GCr15 as the raw material, and realizes the expected effect of greatly improving the core strength and toughness, the surface wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of the high-carbon bearing steel through four-step structure property regulation and control heat treatment.
The technical idea of composite steel heat treatment of the high-carbon bearing steel, namely the technical idea of spheroidizing heat treatment process, quenching and tempering heat treatment process, surface induction heat treatment process and final tempering heat treatment process of the high-carbon bearing steel GCr 15. The specific actions and processes of the heat treatment in each step are as follows:
(1) Spheroidizing heat treatment: spheroidizing annealing is a key process for tissue pretreatment in the composite heat treatment process of the high-carbon bearing steel. The carbon content of the high-carbon bearing steel exceeds the eutectoid point, so that network carbides appear on one hand, and the carbon content of the martensite matrix exceeds the eutectoid point on the other hand, and the toughness of the martensite matrix is reduced. Therefore, the high carbon bearing steel needs to be spheroidized and homogenized by spheroidizing. The specific spheroidizing process comprises the steps of keeping the temperature of 780-820 ℃ for 1-12 hours, slowly cooling to 680-720 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-12 hours, and finally air-cooling to room temperature to form a spheroidizing annealed structure of the high-carbon bearing steel.
(2) Quenching and tempering heat treatment: thermal refining is one of the key heat treatment steps for obtaining high strength and toughness of the core part. The high-toughness matrix structure is obtained mainly through thermal refining. The spheroidizing annealed high-carbon bearing steel is subjected to heat preservation at 820-860 ℃ for 10-60 minutes and then oil quenching is carried out to form spherical carbides distributed on a martensite matrix. Then heating the martensite structure high-carbon bearing steel to 500-700 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-3 hours, air-cooling to room temperature, and carrying out thermal refining to obtain a composite structure of a tempered martensite matrix and spherical carbide.
(3) Induction heat treatment: the surface induction heat treatment is the key heat treatment for realizing the high hardness of the surface after the quenching and tempering heat treatment, and ensures that the thickness of the hardened layer of the high-carbon bearing steel is 1.0mm. The specific process is that a power supply with induction quenching frequency of 5-25kHz and power of 30-90kW is adopted, and the depth of a hardening layer is not less than 1mm by adjusting the induction time for 5-20 seconds and performing surface induction treatment such as water spray cooling.
(4) Tempering heat treatment, tempering is important heat treatment for ensuring the stability of the surface induction structure. The high-carbon bearing steel after surface induction is heated to 120-200 ℃ and is kept warm for 1-3 hours, and then air cooling is carried out, so that the surface hardness is further improved, and the surface hardness of the high-carbon bearing steel is kept to be not lower than 65HRC.
Toughness and high fatigue life after composite heat treatment technology treatment: the core hardness is more than or equal to 40HRC and the toughness Aku is more than or equal to 40J through composite heat treatment, and simultaneously the surface hardness after the composite treatment is more than or equal to 65HRC and the room-temperature contact fatigue life L10 under the Hertz stress of 4.5GPa is more than or equal to 1x10 8 Next, the process is carried out.
The composite heat treatment process can be used for improving the performance of GCr15 steel and can also be used for bearing steel such as GCr18Mo, 440C and M50.
On the basis of the chemical components of the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15, the spheroidizing heat treatment, the quenching and tempering heat treatment, the induction heat treatment and the tempering heat treatment are combined, so that the toughness of the core and the superhard surface of the high-carbon bearing steel are greatly improved. The technology can replace carburizing bearing steel and medium carbon bearing steel to manufacture the bearing under impact load, realize the low cost and high performance of the bearing, and provide a heat treatment process technology with low cost and higher performance for the high carbon bearing steel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope result image of microstructure of the GCr15 composite treatment process. The method is a microstructure of the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15 under the traditional heat treatment process, namely, the microstructure is obtained by keeping the temperature at 840 ℃ for 30 minutes, then cooling the temperature to room temperature by water, and then tempering the microstructure for 2 hours at 170 ℃. Clearly coarser prior austenite grain boundaries and spherical carbonized structures can be seen.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between hardness and toughness of GCr15 after the conventional heat treatment process, i.e., spheroidizing annealing +840 ℃ quenching + different temperature tempering, and the relationship between hardness and toughness of GCr15 after the complex heat treatment process of the present invention, i.e., spheroidizing annealing + thermal refining +860 ℃ quenching + different temperature tempering. The high carbon bearing steel GCr15 has a fine original austenite structure and a fine carbide structure after the composite heat treatment. It is demonstrated that the composite heat treatment technique of the present invention can refine the prior austenite structure and the carbide size after spheroidization compared to the conventional heat treatment.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope result of the microstructure of the GCr15 in FIG. 3 under the conventional treatment process. The relationship between the hardness and the impact toughness of the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15 after the composite heat treatment process is compared with the traditional heat treatment process. It can be seen that the toughness of the bearing steel is greatly improved along with the reduction of the hardness after the quenching and tempering treatment. The method lays a foundation for regulating and controlling the strength and toughness of the bearing steel core. Compared with the traditional heat treatment, the composite heat treatment of the invention can obtain higher toughness under the same hardness. When the hardness after tempering is about 40HRC, the impact toughness Aku is improved to more than 40J, and the safety and the operation stability of the bearing under the impact load can be met.
FIG. 4 is a table showing contact fatigue life data of two steels treated by different heat treatment processesThe composite heat treatment of the invention can obtain more excellent contact fatigue resistance performance graph. And (3) comparing the fatigue lives of the GCr15 steel and the 42CrMo steel under various heat treatment processes. It can be seen that the contact fatigue life of the conventional surface induction hardened 42CrMo bearing steel is L10 ≥ 0.3x10 7 Next, the contact fatigue life L10 of the conventional GCr15 is more than or equal to 1.0x10 7 Secondly, after the composite heat treatment of the invention, the contact fatigue life of GCr15 reaches more than or equal to 1.0x10 of L10 8 Second, at least 30 and 10 times, respectively.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment, mainly aiming at the high-carbon bearing steel GCr15, the center strengthening and toughening and the surface super-hardening treatments such as spheroidization, thermal refining, induction hardening, tempering and the like are carried out to obtain the high-carbon bearing steel GCr with excellent fatigue resistance under the alternating impact load.
In order to simulate the bearing manufacturing process to prove the advantages of the composite heat treatment of the patent, the conventional heat treatment of GCr15, different composite heat treatments of GCr15 and the quenching and tempering and surface hardening treatment of 42CrMo are selected. And then, performing scanning electron microscope characterization of a microstructure, u-type impact toughness testing and contact fatigue performance evaluation.
The composite heat treatment process comprises
(1) Spheroidizing heat treatment: the temperature is 820 ℃ for x6 hours, the furnace is cooled to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6 hours, and the furnace is cooled to the room temperature;
(2) Quenching and tempering heat treatment: 860 ℃ for 0.5 hour and oil-cooled to room temperature, reheated to different temperatures for 2 hours and air-cooled to room temperature, and the hardness and toughness of the tempered samples at different temperatures were evaluated, and the results are shown in FIG. 2 for the relationship between hardness and toughness.
(3) Induction heat treatment: performing induction treatment on the tempered sample at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 10 seconds by using power supply power of 45kW and induction frequency of 15kHz, and then cooling the tempered sample to room temperature by water spraying;
(4) Tempering heat treatment: air cooling to room temperature after tempering for 2 hours at 120 ℃, and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the microstructure shown in the figure 1. Finally, the contact fatigue performance evaluation was carried out, and the results are shown in FIG. 4.
The specific conventional heat treatment process is (1) spheroidizing heat treatment: the temperature is 820 ℃ for x6 hours, the furnace is cooled to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6 hours, and the air is cooled to the room temperature; (2) quenching and tempering: keeping the temperature at 840 ℃ for 0.5 hour, cooling the oil to room temperature, reheating the oil to different temperatures, and cooling the oil to room temperature (0, 120 ℃,200 ℃,300 ℃,400 ℃,500 ℃,600 ℃ and 700 ℃). Hardness and toughness evaluations were performed on the tempered samples at different temperatures, and the results are shown in FIG. 2 for hardness versus toughness. And finally, performing scanning electron microscope characterization on the microstructure of the 120 ℃ tempering sample and evaluating the contact fatigue life. The microstructure results are shown in FIG. 3 and the contact fatigue performance results are shown in FIG. 4.
The specific 42CrMo heat treatment process comprises the following steps: (1) quenching and tempering heat treatment: keeping the temperature at 860 ℃ for 0.5 hour, cooling the oil to room temperature, reheating the oil to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and cooling the oil to room temperature; (2) induction heat treatment: treating for 10 seconds by using power supply power of 45kW and induction frequency of 15kHz, and then cooling to room temperature by using water spraying; (3) tempering heat treatment: tempering at 120 ℃ for 2 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by air. Finally, the contact fatigue life evaluation was carried out, and the contact fatigue life results are shown in FIG. 4.
Claims (3)
1. A composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening a high-carbon bearing steel core and performing surface super-hardening is characterized by comprising the following specific processes and controlled technical parameters:
(1) The specific spheroidizing process of the spheroidizing heat treatment comprises the steps of keeping the temperature of 780-820 ℃ for 1-12 hours, slowly cooling to 680-720 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-12 hours, and finally air-cooling to room temperature to form a spheroidizing annealing structure of the high-carbon bearing steel;
(2) Quenching and tempering heat treatment: keeping the temperature of 820-860 ℃ for 10-60 minutes, then performing oil quenching to form spherical carbides distributed on the martensite matrix, heating to 500-700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5-3 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite structure of the tempered martensite matrix and the spherical carbides;
(3) Induction heat treatment: adopting a power supply with induction quenching frequency of 5-25kHz and power of 30-90kW, adjusting the induction time for 5-20 seconds, and performing surface induction treatment such as water spray cooling to realize the depth of a hardening layer not less than 1mm;
(4) Tempering heat treatment: keeping the temperature at 120-200 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and then cooling in air.
2. The composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening the core and super-hardening the surface of the high-carbon bearing steel as recited in claim 1, wherein the strength and toughness and the high fatigue life after the composite heat treatment technology is adopted are as follows: the core hardness is more than or equal to 40HRC and the toughness Aku is more than or equal to 40J through composite heat treatment, and simultaneously the surface hardness after the composite treatment is more than or equal to 65HRC and the room-temperature contact fatigue life L10 under the Hertz stress of 4.5GPa is more than or equal to 1x10 8 Next, the process is carried out.
3. The composite heat treatment method for core strengthening and surface super hardening of the high carbon bearing steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite heat treatment process can be used not only in GCr15 steel to improve performance, but also in GCr18Mo, 440C and M50 bearing steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210946233.5A CN115386694B (en) | 2022-08-08 | Composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening high-carbon bearing steel core and super-hardening surface |
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| CN202210946233.5A CN115386694B (en) | 2022-08-08 | Composite heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening high-carbon bearing steel core and super-hardening surface |
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| CN115386694A true CN115386694A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
| CN115386694B CN115386694B (en) | 2024-07-16 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1287183A (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2001-03-14 | 董元宇 | Bearing steel suitable for the working condition of heavy load and great shock and its heat treatment process |
| CN101153377A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Leveler roll and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN102108469A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-06-29 | 常州宝菱重工机械有限公司 | Hot rolling hot straightening roll suitable for thick steel plates with thickness of less than or equal to 60mm and preparation method thereof |
| CN102441768A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-09 | 江苏万达特种轴承有限公司 | Technology for processing dual-hardness roller sleeve ring of bearing steel |
| CN109487160A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-19 | 宜兴市永昌轧辊有限公司 | A kind of novel semi high speed steel cold-rolling intermediate roll and preparation method thereof |
| CN112111696A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-22 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-carbon bearing steel with high isotropy and long contact fatigue life and manufacturing method thereof |
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1287183A (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2001-03-14 | 董元宇 | Bearing steel suitable for the working condition of heavy load and great shock and its heat treatment process |
| CN101153377A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Leveler roll and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN102108469A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-06-29 | 常州宝菱重工机械有限公司 | Hot rolling hot straightening roll suitable for thick steel plates with thickness of less than or equal to 60mm and preparation method thereof |
| CN102441768A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-09 | 江苏万达特种轴承有限公司 | Technology for processing dual-hardness roller sleeve ring of bearing steel |
| CN109487160A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-19 | 宜兴市永昌轧辊有限公司 | A kind of novel semi high speed steel cold-rolling intermediate roll and preparation method thereof |
| CN112111696A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-22 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-carbon bearing steel with high isotropy and long contact fatigue life and manufacturing method thereof |
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