CN115386387A - Medical waste treatment system and process - Google Patents
Medical waste treatment system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386387A CN115386387A CN202211066497.8A CN202211066497A CN115386387A CN 115386387 A CN115386387 A CN 115386387A CN 202211066497 A CN202211066497 A CN 202211066497A CN 115386387 A CN115386387 A CN 115386387A
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- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a medical waste treatment system and process, the invention adopts anaerobic thermal cracking, including anaerobic feeding, anaerobic catalytic cracking, nitrogen protection, and oxygen contact with materials, controls the environment and condition for generating dioxin from the source, and improves the safety of thermal cracking; the process of the invention has micro discharge and zero pollution, can remove a small amount of combustion waste gas to reach the standard and discharge, does not generate waste solids and waste water, can generate more than 50 percent of liquid dye oil after the thermal cracking of medical waste, can be directly sold, can generate about 20 percent of carbon residue which is high-quality solid fuel and can be regarded as coke powder, can be directly sold, can generate about 20 percent of combustible gas, can be used as a heating source by self, can generate life heat energy for the redundant part, can be intelligently and remotely operated, has safe, clean and reliable operation, high cost performance and good economic benefit, and can generally recover investment for two years.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and particularly relates to a medical waste treatment system and a medical waste treatment process.
Background
Currently, medical waste refers to waste products generated by medical and health institutions in medical, preventive, health care and other related activities that are directly or indirectly infectious, toxic and otherwise hazardous. Medical wastes are classified into five categories (infectious, pathological, damaging, medicinal and chemical), and are listed in the national records of hazardous wastes. The medical waste may contain a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful chemical substances, even radioactive and damaging substances, and therefore, the method has important significance for the treatment of the medical waste.
At present, the treatment of medical waste is realized by heating and sterilizing, and then the medical waste is sent to an incineration power plant to be incinerated for power generation or is sent to a landfill for landfill. Wherein, the landfill process can be dissolved after hundreds of years, strain variation and leakage liquid are possibly generated to pollute underground water, land is occupied for an unlimited long time, and net investment (manpower, land and high-temperature disinfection) is free from output. The incineration process only changes a pollution mode to cause air pollution, dioxin is inevitably generated by incineration, the incinerated ash and slag become new hazardous waste, independent plant equipment is needed to be arranged for high-temperature disinfection, the disinfected ash and slag are secondarily conveyed to a garbage power plant or an incineration unit for incineration, only the heat energy is utilized, the utilization rate is low, and the secondary transfer entrusts the incineration to bear disposal cost.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, high production cost and the like of a medical waste treatment method in the prior art, the invention provides a medical waste treatment system and a medical waste treatment process.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a medical waste treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shredding medical waste in a shredder, extruding the shredded medical waste through a feeding screw machine, removing air, and feeding the medical waste into an anaerobic bin through a feeding conveyor;
(2) Sending the medical waste obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a tube array type cracking furnace for catalytic thermal cracking to obtain an oil-gas mixture;
(3) Separating the oil-gas mixture in a gas-solid separation tower, feeding the solid obtained by separation into a heavy oil storage tank, cooling the oil gas obtained by separation through a heat exchanger, feeding the cooled liquid into a light oil storage tank, feeding the cooled non-condensable combustible gas into a purified water resistor, and washing and desulfurizing the non-condensable combustible gas for combustion of the tube type cracking furnace.
Further, the volume of the medical waste shredded in the step (1) is less than 5cm 2 The shredder is arranged above the screw conveyor, and the pipe body at the discharge end of the screw conveyor is conical.
Further, in the step (1), the oxygen content in the oxygen-free bin is less than 2%, and the nitrogen pressure is kept between 0.01 and 0.015MPa.
The medical waste is simply referred to as medical waste, the lifter lifts the medical waste and the medical waste special closed packing box to the feeding operation platform, the medical waste is poured into the hopper of the shredder, the medical waste and the package are shredded by the shredder, and the volume of the shredded medical waste is less than 5cm 2 . The shredder is arranged above the screw conveyor hopper, medical wastes after being shredded enter the screw conveyor hopper by virtue of gravity, the screw conveyor is driven by a single head, the other end discharges materials, the pipe body at the discharging end is tapered, so that the medical wastes are extruded and emptied to mix with air in the materials before the outlet, and a partition is naturally formed between the outlet of the conveyor and the anaerobic bin after feeding, so that the air cannot enter and the nitrogen in the anaerobic bin cannot exit. The anaerobic storage bin is arranged above the tube still cracking furnace and has a volume of about 2-3m 2 And a feeding screw is arranged in the oxygen-free bin and used for feeding materials into the cracking furnace, and the feeding amount is matched with the feeding amount of the screw machine. The anaerobic storage bin is simultaneously provided with a nitrogen inlet, an exhaust port, an oxygen detector, a pressure display meter and an observation sight glass, the oxygen content in the anaerobic storage bin is less than 2 percent, and the nitrogen pressure is kept between 0.01 and 0.015MPa.
Further, the tube type cracking furnace in the step (2) adopts a tube type cracking furnace with three tubes connected in series, and the tube type furnace adopts a hot air indirect heating mode.
Furthermore, in the step (2), the lengths of three furnace tubes are 11-13m, the temperature of the first furnace tube is 100-150 ℃, the main functions are preheating, moisture evaporation and volume reduction, the temperature of the second furnace tube is 150-300 ℃, the main function is 80% thermal cracking, and the temperature of the third furnace tube is 300-400 ℃, the main function is thorough thermal cracking.
Further, the pushing speed of the medical waste in the step (2) in the shell and tube cracking furnace is 250-400 mm/min, and the hot air quantity is 5400-5600m 3 The hot air temperature is 625-675 ℃, and the temperature of catalytic thermal cracking is 325-375 ℃.
The tube type cracking furnace adopts a vertical type or a horizontal type, a shaft screw is arranged in the tube type cracking furnace, a motor speed reducer is used as driving force, medical wastes are pushed to move forward when the tube type cracking furnace rotates, one end of the tube type cracking furnace is fixed on the rack, the rest tube type cracking furnace is fixed on the sliding support, and the furnace body can slide towards the other end when heated to expand.
The furnace tube adopts a hot air indirect heating mode, the oil-gas dual-purpose hot air furnace is arranged below the furnace tube, natural gas or self-produced non-condensable combustible gas or high-temperature flue gas generated by oil combustion is regulated by a set temperature control device to meet the temperature of process requirements, medical waste is heated in the furnace tube in an indirect heat exchange mode, the movement direction of the medical waste in the furnace tube is opposite to the hot air flow direction, the medical waste moves forwards along with the rotation of the helical blade, the medical waste is heated and gradually pyrolyzed, and the helical blade continuously rotates in the furnace tube and plays a role of continuously mechanically cleaning coke on the inner wall of the furnace tube.
The oil-gas mixture generated by thermal cracking is guided to a gas-solid separation tower arranged behind the furnace tube after being collected by a gas collecting tube arranged above the cracking furnace, and the oil-gas mixture containing a small amount of carbon residue dust is subjected to primary separation under the action of gravity and sinks to a heavy oil storage tank arranged below the gas-solid separation tower. The cleaner oil gas gets into heat exchanger in order, liquefies into liquid fuel oil after the water cooling, gets into the light oil storage tank of setting in the below, and noncondensable combustible gas gets into the purification water resistor through the oil-gas separation tower that sets up in light oil storage tank top, through purification washing desulfurization back, supplies to separate the burning usefulness of stove combustion chamber, and pipeline spark arrester is equipped with respectively in its export and combustor the place ahead, ensures that the combustible gas burning safety.
The combustion waste gas generated by the combustion of the cracking furnace is the only outer pollutant discharge port, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas (waste gas) is reduced to less than 200 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat exchange, and the temperature of the waste gas is reduced to the temperature of the waste gas under the action of an external fan of the boiler through a spray washing tower and a photoelectric waste gas processorBelow 60 ℃, the dust is removed by more than 99 percent, the dust is discharged through an exhaust funnel with the height of 15m, and the discharged gas is detected, the dioxin is not detected, and the particles are<20mg/m 3 Degree of blackness<Nitrogen oxides were not detected.
Further, the catalyst in the catalytic thermal cracking in the step (2) is composed of lanthanide series light rare earth, ferric oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide and kaolin.
Further, according to the mass percentage, the catalyst comprises 6-10% of lanthanide series light rare earth, 3-7% of ferric oxide, 3-7% of aluminum hydroxide, 2-4% of zinc oxide and 77-81% of kaolin.
Further, according to the mass percentage, the catalyst comprises 8% of lanthanide series light rare earth, 5% of ferric oxide, 5% of aluminum hydroxide, 3% of zinc oxide and 79% of kaolin.
The lanthanide series light rare earth has strong hydrogen gathering capacity, ferric trioxide, high aluminum hydroxide activity and strong adsorption capacity, overcomes the defects of high temperature, long pyrolysis time, low oil yield, high equipment investment, high operation difficulty, short service life and the like in the thermal cracking process of organic synthesis (plastics, rubber, synthetic leather and the like), reduces the activation rate of reaction after a catalyst is used, improves the pyrolysis speed, reduces the requirement on the pyrolysis temperature, can timely absorb and solidify chloride in mixed waste in carbon slag, avoids the corrosion of chlorine to equipment and secondary pollution to the environment, and improves the oil yield and the oil quality.
And (3) further, the waste gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking and heating combustion in the step (2) is treated by a spraying washing tower washing, neutralizing, dechlorinating and desulfurizing treatment system and a photoelectric waste gas processor in sequence, and is discharged after reaching the standard.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a system for medical waste treatment, which comprises a shredder, a screw machine, an oxygen-free bin, a catalytic pyrolysis system, a gas-solid separation tower and a heat exchange system from upstream to downstream in sequence according to the treatment sequence of medical waste;
wherein, the gas-solid separation tower is also connected with a heavy oil storage tank, the heat exchange system is also respectively connected with a light oil storage tank and a purification water resistor, and the purification water resistor is connected with the catalytic thermal cracking system;
the catalytic thermal cracking system is also respectively connected with a carbon black bin and a spray washing tower, and the spray washing tower is sequentially connected with a neutralization, dechlorination and dechlorination treatment system and a photoelectric waste gas processor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts anaerobic thermal cracking, comprises anaerobic feeding, anaerobic cracking and nitrogen protection, prevents oxygen from contacting with materials, fundamentally controls the environment and the condition for generating dioxin, and simultaneously improves the safety of thermal cracking;
(2) The method adopts a unique catalytic cracking process, adopts a specific catalyst to stabilize the catalytic cracking temperature, improves the cracking speed, neutralizes a small amount of chlorine and other small amounts of various harmful substances into salt, and solidifies a very small amount of heavy metals (mainly remained in the medicine, but with small amount and complex components) in the carbon residue, wherein the catalytic cracking temperature is 325-375 ℃, so that the thermal cracking energy consumption of each ton of medical waste treatment is obviously reduced, and the energy-saving effect is obvious;
(3) The process of the invention has micro discharge, zero pollution, no waste solid and waste water, the utilization rate is up to more than 99 percent, the medical waste is thermally cracked to produce more than 50 percent of liquid fuel oil which can be directly sold, the produced carbon residue with the calorific value of about 20 percent (the calorific value reaches 6800 kilocalories) is high-quality solid fuel, can be regarded as coke powder which can be directly sold, the produced combustible gas with the calorific value of about 20 percent (similar to natural gas) can be used as a heating source for self use, and the surplus part can be used as life heat energy. Intelligent remote operation, safe, clean and reliable equipment operation, high cost performance, good economic benefit and generally two-year investment recovery. The process combines sterilization and inactivation and ultimate treatment into a whole, and regenerates clean energy, thereby completely realizing the reclamation, harmlessness and reduction of solid (dangerous) waste;
(4) The catalytic cracking process of the invention has the advantages of thorough sterilization, inactivation, destruction, molecular recombination, new substance regeneration, industrial disposal, once for all, elegance, small occupied area and urban generation of 1000 ten thousand peopleAbout 3000m for medical waste treatment 2 The net floor area of the equipment is 8 m multiplied by 40 m and about 320m 2 About 300m adjacent to a warehouse 2 The ultimate dangerous chemicals are converted into clean energy to serve human for the second time, so that benefits are generated, disinfection and disposal are combined into one, the investment is low, and the benefits are high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the medical waste treatment process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the medical waste treatment process of the present invention.
Example 1
A system for medical waste treatment according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, which comprises a shredder, a screw conveyor, an oxygen-free bin, a catalytic pyrolysis system, a gas-solid separation tower and a heat exchange system in sequence from upstream to downstream according to the treatment sequence of medical waste;
wherein, the gas-solid separation tower is also connected with a heavy oil storage tank, the heat exchange system is also respectively connected with a light oil storage tank and a purification water resistor, and the purification water resistor is connected with the catalytic thermal cracking system;
the catalytic thermal cracking system is also respectively connected with a carbon black bin and a spray washing tower, and the spray washing tower is sequentially connected with a neutralization, dechlorination and dechlorination treatment system and a photoelectric waste gas processor.
Example 2
The process for treating medical waste of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Shredding medical waste in a shredder, wherein the volume of the shredded medical waste is less than 5cm 2 The utility model discloses a screw machine, including the screw machine, the screw machine hopper, the screw machine single-end drive, the screw machine hopper is equipped with the body of discharge end, the shredder sets up in the screw machine top, the body of screw machine discharge end is the toper, the shredder is installed in screw machine hopper top, medical waste after the shredding relies on gravity to get into in the screw machine hopper, screw machine single-end drive, the other end ejection of compact, the body of discharge end is toper, make medical waste receive the extrusion before the export, mix with the air in the evacuation material, and form the wall naturally between feeding conveyor export and the anaerobic feed bin, make the air advance never, nitrogen gas in the anaerobic feed bin is not gone out. The anaerobic storage bin is arranged above the tube still cracking furnace and has a volume of about 2-3m 2 And a feeding screw is arranged on the oxygen-free bin and used for feeding materials into the cracking furnace. The feeding amount is matched with the feeding amount of the screw machine. The anaerobic bin is simultaneously provided with a nitrogen inlet, an exhaust port, an oxygen content detector, a pressure display meter and an observation sight glass, the oxygen content in the anaerobic bin is less than 2 percent, and the nitrogen pressure is kept at 0.01MPa;
(2) Feeding the medical waste obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a tube array cracking furnace for catalytic thermal cracking to obtain an oil-gas mixture, wherein the tube array cracking furnace adopts a tube array cracking furnace with three tube tubes connected in series, the tube furnace adopts a hot air indirect heating mode, the lengths of the three tube tubes are 12m, the temperature of the first tube is 100-150 ℃, the temperature of the second tube is 150-300 ℃, the temperature of the third tube is 300-400 ℃, the propelling speed of the medical waste in the tube array cracking furnace is 250 mm/min, and the hot air quantity is 5400m 3 The hot air temperature is 625-675 ℃, and the temperature of catalytic thermal cracking is 325-375 ℃;
in the catalytic thermal cracking, the catalyst consists of lanthanide series light rare earth 7%, ferric oxide 3%, aluminum hydroxide 7%, zinc oxide 2% and kaolin 81%;
the waste gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking is sequentially subjected to washing, neutralization, dechlorination and desulfurization treatment in a spray washing tower and treatment in a photoelectric waste gas processor, the temperature of the waste gas is reduced to below 60 ℃, more than 99.9 percent of dust is removed, and the waste gas is discharged through an exhaust funnel with the height of 15m and reaches the standard;
(3) Separating the oil-gas mixture in a gas-solid separation tower, feeding the separated dust solid into a heavy oil storage tank, cooling the separated oil gas by a heat exchanger, feeding the cooled liquid into a light oil storage tank, feeding the cooled non-condensable combustible gas into a purified water resistor, washing with water, and desulfurizing for combustion in the tubular cracking furnace.
Example 3
The process for medical waste treatment of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Shredding medical waste in a shredder, wherein the volume of the shredded medical waste is less than 5cm 2 The utility model discloses a screw machine, including the screw machine, the screw machine hopper, the screw machine single-end drive, the screw machine hopper is equipped with the body of discharge end, the shredder sets up in the screw machine top, the body of screw machine discharge end is the toper, the shredder is installed in screw machine hopper top, medical waste after the shredding relies on gravity to get into in the screw machine hopper, screw machine single-end drive, the other end ejection of compact, the body of discharge end is toper, make medical waste receive the extrusion before the export, mix with the air in the evacuation material, and form the wall naturally between feeding conveyor export and the anaerobic feed bin, make the air advance never, nitrogen gas in the anaerobic feed bin is not gone out. The anaerobic storage bin is arranged above the tube still cracking furnace and has a volume of about 2-3m 2 And a feeding screw is arranged on the oxygen-free bin and used for feeding materials into the cracking furnace. The feeding amount is matched with the feeding amount of the screw machine. The anaerobic bin is simultaneously provided with a nitrogen inlet, an exhaust port, an oxygen content detector, a pressure display meter and an observation sight glass, the oxygen content in the anaerobic bin is less than 2 percent, and the nitrogen pressure is kept at 0.013MPa;
(2) Feeding the medical waste obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a tube type cracking furnace for catalytic thermal cracking to obtain an oil-gas mixture, wherein the tube type cracking furnace adopts a tube type cracking furnace with three tubes connected in series, the tube type furnace adopts a hot air indirect heating mode, the lengths of the three tubes are all 12m,the temperature of the first branch furnace tube is 100-150 ℃, the temperature of the second branch furnace tube is 150-300 ℃, the temperature of the third branch furnace tube is 300-400 ℃, the propelling speed of the medical waste in the shell-and-tube cracking furnace is 325 mm/min, and the hot air quantity is 5500m 3 The hot air temperature is 625-675 ℃, and the temperature of catalytic thermal cracking is 325-375 ℃;
in the catalytic thermal cracking, the catalyst consists of lanthanide series light rare earth 8%, ferric oxide 5%, aluminum hydroxide 5%, zinc oxide 3% and kaolin 79%;
the waste gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking is sequentially subjected to washing, neutralization, dechlorination and desulfurization treatment in a spray washing tower and treatment in a photoelectric waste gas processor, the temperature of the waste gas is reduced to below 60 ℃, more than 99.9 percent of dust is removed, and the waste gas is discharged through an exhaust funnel with the height of 15m and reaches the standard;
(3) Separating the oil-gas mixture in a gas-solid separation tower, feeding the separated dust solid into a heavy oil storage tank, cooling the separated oil gas by a heat exchanger, feeding the cooled liquid into a light oil storage tank, feeding the cooled non-condensable combustible gas into a purified water resistor, washing with water, and desulfurizing for combustion of the tubular cracking furnace.
Example 4
The process for treating medical waste of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Shredding medical waste in a shredder, wherein the volume of the shredded medical waste is less than 5cm 2 The utility model discloses a screw machine, including the screw machine, the screw machine hopper, the screw machine single-end drive, the screw machine hopper is equipped with the body of discharge end, the shredder sets up in the screw machine top, the body of screw machine discharge end is the toper, the shredder is installed in screw machine hopper top, medical waste after the shredding relies on gravity to get into in the screw machine hopper, screw machine single-end drive, the other end ejection of compact, the body of discharge end is toper, make medical waste receive the extrusion before the export, mix with the air in the evacuation material, and form the wall naturally between feeding conveyor export and the anaerobic feed bin, make the air advance never, nitrogen gas in the anaerobic feed bin is not gone out. The anaerobic storage bin is arranged above the tube still cracking furnace and has a volume of about 2-3m 2 And a feeding screw is arranged on the oxygen-free bin and used for feeding materials into the cracking furnace. The feeding amount is matched with the feeding amount of the screw machine. Oxygen-free materialThe bin is simultaneously provided with a nitrogen inlet, an exhaust port, an oxygen content detector, a pressure display meter and an observation sight glass, the oxygen content in the oxygen-free bin is less than 2 percent, and the nitrogen pressure is kept at 0.015MPa;
(2) Feeding the medical waste obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a tubular cracking furnace for catalytic thermal cracking to obtain an oil-gas mixture, wherein the tubular cracking furnace adopts a tubular cracking furnace with three serially-connected furnace tubes, the tubular furnace adopts a hot air indirect heating mode, the lengths of the three furnace tubes are 12m, the temperature of the first furnace tube is 100-150 ℃, the temperature of the second furnace tube is 150-300 ℃, the temperature of the third furnace tube is 300-400 ℃, the propelling speed of the medical waste in the tubular cracking furnace is 400 mm/min, and the hot air quantity is 5600m 3 The hot air temperature is 625-675 ℃, and the temperature of catalytic thermal cracking is 325-375 ℃;
in the catalytic thermal cracking, the catalyst consists of 9 percent of lanthanide series light rare earth, 7 percent of ferric oxide, 3 percent of aluminum hydroxide, 4 percent of zinc oxide and kaolin of 77 percent;
the waste gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking is sequentially subjected to washing, neutralization, dechlorination and desulfurization treatment in a spray washing tower and treatment in a photoelectric waste gas processor, the temperature of the waste gas is reduced to below 60 ℃, more than 99.9 percent of dust is removed, and the waste gas is discharged through an exhaust funnel with the height of 15m and reaches the standard;
(3) Separating the oil-gas mixture in a gas-solid separation tower, feeding the separated dust solid into a heavy oil storage tank, cooling the separated oil gas by a heat exchanger, feeding the cooled liquid into a light oil storage tank, feeding the cooled non-condensable combustible gas into a purified water resistor, washing with water, and desulfurizing for combustion of the tubular cracking furnace.
Test example 1
Medical waste was treated according to the procedures of examples 2 to 4 to detect components, dioxins and particulate matters in exhaust gas discharged from a catalytic cracking system<20mg/m 3 Degree of blackness<Nitrogen oxides were not detected 1.
By adopting the treatment system and the treatment process, the occupied area is small, and the medical waste treatment of 1000 ten thousand cities occupies about 3000m 2 The net floor area of the equipment is 8 mX 40 m, about 320m 2 Clinical warehouse is about 300m 2 ，
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A medical waste treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Shredding medical waste in a shredder, extruding the shredded medical waste through a feeding screw machine, removing air, and feeding the medical waste into an anaerobic bin through a feeding conveyor;
(2) Sending the medical waste obtained by the treatment in the step (1) into a tube type cracking furnace for catalytic thermal cracking to obtain an oil-gas mixture;
(3) Separating the oil-gas mixture in a gas-solid separation tower, feeding the solid obtained by separation into a heavy oil storage tank, cooling the oil gas obtained by separation by a heat exchanger, feeding the cooled liquid into a light oil storage tank, feeding the cooled non-condensable combustible gas into a purified water resistor, washing with water, and desulfurizing to be supplied to the combustion of the tube type cracking furnace.
2. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the medical waste shredded in step (1) is less than 5cm 2 The shredder is arranged above the screw conveyor, and the pipe body at the discharge end of the screw conveyor is conical.
3. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen content in the oxygen-free silo in the step (1) is less than 2%, and the nitrogen pressure is maintained at 0.01-0.015MPa.
4. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the tube type cracking furnace in the step (2) is a tube type cracking furnace with three tubes connected in series, and the tube type furnace adopts a hot air indirect heating mode.
5. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 4, wherein the lengths of the three branch furnace tubes in the step (2) are all 11-13m, the temperature of the first branch furnace tube is 100-150 ℃, the temperature of the second branch furnace tube is 150-300 ℃, and the temperature of the third branch furnace tube is 300-400 ℃.
6. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pushing speed of the medical waste in the step (2) in the shell and tube cracking furnace is 250-400 mm/min, and the hot air quantity is 5400-5600m 3 The hot air temperature is 625-675 ℃, and the temperature of catalytic thermal cracking is 325-375 ℃.
7. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst in the catalytic thermal cracking in step (2) is comprised of lanthanide series light rare earth, ferric oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide and kaolin.
8. The medical waste treatment process according to claim 7, wherein the catalyst comprises, by mass, 6-10% of lanthanide series light rare earth, 3-7% of ferric oxide, 3-7% of aluminum hydroxide, 2-4% of zinc oxide and 77-81% of kaolin.
9. The medical waste treatment process of claim 1, wherein the waste gas generated in the step (2) by catalytic thermal cracking is treated by a spray washing tower washing, neutralization, dechlorination and desulfurization treatment system and a photoelectric waste gas processor in sequence, and is discharged after reaching the standard.
10. A system for medical waste treatment is characterized by comprising a shredder, a screw conveyor, an anaerobic bin, a catalytic thermal cracking system, a gas-solid separation tower and a heat exchange system from upstream to downstream in sequence according to the treatment sequence of medical waste;
wherein, the gas-solid separation tower is also connected with a heavy oil storage tank, the heat exchange system is also respectively connected with a light oil storage tank and a purification water resistor, and the purification water resistor is connected with the catalytic thermal cracking system;
the catalytic thermal cracking system is also respectively connected with a carbon black bin and a spray washing tower, and the spray washing tower is sequentially connected with a neutralization, dechlorination and dechlorination treatment system and a photoelectric waste gas processor.
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