CN115383971A - Silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistance forming device and method - Google Patents
Silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistance forming device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115383971A CN115383971A CN202211041642.7A CN202211041642A CN115383971A CN 115383971 A CN115383971 A CN 115383971A CN 202211041642 A CN202211041642 A CN 202211041642A CN 115383971 A CN115383971 A CN 115383971A
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- silica sol
- sandy soil
- sliding tube
- circular tube
- tube
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007939 sustained release tablet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011540 sensing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14065—Positioning or centering articles in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoresistance forming device and a method for curing sandy soil by silica sol seepage, which comprises a silica sol injection mechanism and a forming die which are connected; the silica sol injection mechanism comprises a pressure controller and a pressurizing chamber, the pressure controller, the pressurizing chamber and the forming mold are sequentially connected, silica sol is arranged in the pressurizing chamber, and the pressure controller pushes the silica sol in the pressurizing chamber to seep through the forming mold. For a cylindrical sample of silica sol seepage solidified sandy soil, the invention is beneficial to arranging four electrodes of a measuring resistor inserted into the sample, and is convenient to measure the piezoresistive effect of the sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a silica sol seepage solidified sandy soil piezoresistance forming device and method.
Background
The silica sol percolates through the sand to form a solidified silica gel-sand composite. After the silica sol is doped with the carbon nano tubes, a carbon nano tube reinforced silica gel-sand complex is formed, and the resistance of the carbon nano tube reinforced silica gel-sand complex can change along with pressure and damage, so that the carbon nano tube reinforced silica gel-sand complex can be used as a self-sensing material to monitor the stress and damage conditions of a solidified sandy soil foundation. It is therefore desirable to make cylindrical carbon nanotube reinforced silica gel-sand composite samples for pressure and resistance relationship testing.
Although in concrete, a concrete sample doped with carbon nanotubes is prepared and the relation between pressure and resistance is tested, the concrete sample is directly stirred, and it is easy to insert a conductive copper mesh or a metal sheet as an electrode for measuring resistance into the stirred sample; however, the silica sol-cured sand is different in that the silica sol does not cure the sand by stirring but cures the sand by seepage, and therefore, in the case of a seepage-cured sand sample, it is difficult to insert four electrodes for measuring resistance into the sand sample.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming device and method, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to install four copper mesh electrodes inserted into a sandy soil sample for measuring resistance in a cylindrical sample of seepage flow solidified sandy soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device comprises a forming die and a silica sol injection mechanism, wherein the silica sol injection mechanism comprises a pressurizing cavity and a pressure controller, the silica sol is stored in the pressurizing cavity, the pressurizing cavity is provided with a silica sol output port in a matching way with the silica sol, and the pressure controller is matched with the pressurizing cavity to control the pressure of the pressurizing cavity;
forming die sets up the holding tank that holds the sand, and forming die top cooperation holding tank is equipped with the sand entry, and the holding tank bottom is through pipe and silica sol delivery outlet intercommunication, and forming die supplies the sand that sets up in the holding tank to settle four electrodes, and four electrodes are from up setting up in proper order down the interval, and set up two electrodes in the inboard and connect respectively and survey the voltage electrode, set up two electrodes in the outside and connect the constant current electrode respectively.
Preferably, the forming die comprises a round pipe with a sealed bottom, a silica sol input port is formed in the bottom of the round pipe, an electrode plate is horizontally arranged after each layer of sandy soil is horizontally arranged in the round pipe until a fourth electrode plate is arranged, and a layer of sandy soil is arranged on the fourth electrode plate; the electrode slice includes conductive ring and copper mesh, and the copper mesh is fixed to be set up at conductive ring inboard, conductive ring includes ring body and connecting piece, ring body external diameter is unanimous with the pipe internal diameter, and the connecting piece mounting groove is seted up in the ring body outside, and the connecting piece setting is in the connecting piece mounting groove and one end and this body coupling of pipe.
Preferably, the forming die comprises five circular tube segments which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and have the same diameter, the five circular tube segments are fixed, the bottoms of the circular tube segments arranged on the lowest layer are sealed, a silica sol input port is formed, sand is filled in the corresponding circular tube segments, a copper mesh is horizontally laid between the two adjacent circular tube segments, and the diameter of the copper mesh is larger than the outer diameter of each circular tube.
Preferably, forming die includes pipe, tubulose piece of inflating, and the tubulose piece of inflating is fixed to be set up in the pipe inboardly, and the tubulose is inflated piece bottom inboard and is set up the gasket, and the silicasol input port is seted up to the gasket bottom, and the gasket forms with the cooperation of tubulose piece the holding tank is five layers of sand in the holding tank, and the level sets up the copper mesh between adjacent two-layer sand, and the copper mesh diameter is greater than the holding tank diameter, and the copper mesh surpasss the vertical inboard of pasting of holding tank part and establishing at the tubulose piece of inflating.
Preferably, the forming die comprises a tubular inflatable sheet and five circular tube segments, each circular tube segment consists of a plurality of arc-shaped units, the inner side of each circular tube segment is fixedly connected with the outer side of the tubular inflatable sheet, the five circular tube segments are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom to form a circular tube, the bottom of the circular tube segment arranged at the lowermost layer is sealed and provided with a silica sol input port, a conductive structure is arranged between every two adjacent circular tube segments, and the inner sides of the end parts of the corresponding circular tube segments are provided with conductive structure mounting grooves in a matched manner with the conductive structures; when the silica sol finishes seepage flow through the sandy soil and is not solidified, the conductive structure extends into the sandy soil.
Preferably, the conductive structure comprises an annular tube, an expansion body and a lead, the expansion body is arranged in the annular tube, the fixed end of the expansion body is fixedly connected with the annular tube, the movable end of the expansion body extends in the annular tube, the lead is positioned on one side of the annular tube close to the sandy soil and is attached to the annular tube, one end of the lead is fixedly connected with one end of the annular tube, and the other end of the lead extends to the fixed end of the expansion body and the movable end of the expansion body through the other end of the annular tube and is fixedly connected with the movable end of the expansion body; the ring tube and the lead are both made of conductive materials.
Preferably, the expansion body comprises a sliding tube, a magnet strip, a second spring, a power supply and a second electromagnet, one end of the sliding tube is closed, the second spring is arranged in the sliding tube, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the closed end of the sliding tube, one end of the magnet strip is fixedly connected with the other end of the second spring, and the other end of the magnet strip is arranged outside the sliding tube; the power is fixed to be set up in the sliding tube and be close to the sliding tube blind end, and the second electro-magnet setting just sets up with the power cooperation in the sliding tube.
Preferably, the expansion body includes sliding tube, piston, the hydrogel piece and connecting rod, and sliding tube one end is sealed, and the piston is the structure of permeating water, and the piston setting is in the sliding tube and separates into first cavity and second cavity with the sliding tube, and first cavity seals the setting, and the hydrogel piece sets up in first cavity, and the hydrogel piece passes through slow-release tablet and piston fixed connection, and the connecting rod setting is in the second cavity, and connecting rod one end and piston fixed connection and one end extend to outside the sliding tube.
Preferably, the expansion body comprises a sliding tube, a piston, a slow release block, a third spring and a connecting rod, one end of the sliding tube is closed, the piston is of a water permeable structure, the piston is arranged in the sliding tube and divides the sliding tube into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is closed, the slow release block and the third spring are arranged in the first cavity, the slow release block is cemented with the third spring in a compressed state, one end of the third spring is connected with the piston, and the other end of the third spring is connected with the closed end of the sliding tube; the connecting rod sets up in the second cavity, and connecting rod one end and piston fixed connection and one end extend to outside the sliding tube.
A silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming method comprises the following steps:
and 2, after the silica sol is solidified in the forming mold to form silica gel, removing the forming mold or pushing out solidified sandy soil to obtain a silica gel-sand complex, and when the upper end and the lower end of the silica gel-sand complex are subjected to pressure, performing pressure and resistance relation test on the silica gel-sand complex by using four electrodes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has the beneficial effect of overcoming the problem that four electrodes of a measuring resistor inserted into a sample are difficult to arrange in the existing cylindrical sample of seepage solidified sandy soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a forming mold of the present invention including four electrode sheets;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electrode sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a forming die of the present invention comprising 5 sections of round tubes;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a forming die of the present invention including a flexible sheet;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a forming die of the present invention comprising 5 segments of round tubing and flexible sheets;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a state of use of the conductive structure of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the conductive structure of the present invention in different states;
fig. 9 is a first structural view of the inflation body of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a second structural view of the inflation body of the present invention.
FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment of the expansion body according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a silica sol seepage curing sand piezoresistive forming device comprises a forming die 2 and a silica sol injection mechanism 1, wherein the silica sol injection mechanism 1 comprises a pressurizing chamber 5 and a pressure controller 4, silica sol is stored in the pressurizing chamber 5, the pressurizing chamber 5 is provided with a silica sol output port in cooperation with the silica sol, and the pressure controller 4 is matched with the pressurizing chamber 5 to control the pressure of the pressurizing chamber 5; forming die 2 sets up the holding tank that holds sand 3, and 2 top cooperation holding tanks of forming die are equipped with the sand entry, and the holding tank bottom is through pipe and silica sol delivery outlet intercommunication, and forming die 2 supplies the sand that sets up in the holding tank to settle four electrodes, and four electrodes are from up interval setting in proper order down, and set up two electrodes in the inboard and survey voltage respectively, set up two electrodes in the outside and connect the constant current respectively.
In the invention, the pressure controller 4 is used for pressurizing the pressurizing chamber 5, so that the silica sol 6 in the pressurizing chamber 5 is output from the silica sol output port, flows through the conduit and is conveyed into the accommodating groove of the forming mold 2, and it is noted that the silica sol 6 seeps through the sandy soil 3 in the accommodating groove from bottom to top because the bottom of the accommodating groove is communicated with the closed cavity through the conduit.
Of course, the silica sol injection mechanism 1 may also comprise a container and a water pump, the container contains the silica sol 6, the container, the water pump and the forming mold 2 are connected in sequence, and the water pump guides the silica sol 6 in the container to seep through the forming mold 2.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 2 and 3, the forming die 2 comprises a round tube 7 with a sealed bottom, a silica sol input port 13 is formed in the bottom of the round tube 7, an electrode slice is horizontally arranged after a layer of sand is horizontally arranged in the round tube 7 until a fourth electrode slice is arranged, and a layer of sand is arranged on the fourth electrode slice; the electrode slice includes electrically conductive ring 30 and copper mesh 31, and it is inboard at electrically conductive ring 30 that copper mesh 31 is fixed to be set up, electrically conductive ring 30 includes ring body 33 and connecting piece 32, ring body 33 external diameter is unanimous with the pipe internal diameter, and connecting piece 32 mounting groove is seted up in the ring body 33 outside, and connecting piece 32 sets up in connecting piece 32 mounting groove and one end is connected with ring body 33.
In this embodiment, 5 layers of sand are divided in the circular tube 7, and after the first layer of sand is laid at the bottom of the circular tube 7, the first electrode sheet 26 is laid at the top of the first layer of sand in the circular tube 7, then the second layer of sand is laid, then the second electrode sheet 27 is laid, and then the third layer of sand, the third electrode sheet 28, the fourth layer of sand, the fourth electrode sheet 29 and the fifth layer of sand are laid in sequence. Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show the structure of the conductive ring in the unstretched state and the stretched state, respectively, of the connecting member 32, which is an elastic sheet; when the sand in the forming mold 2 is solidified and formed by silica sol to obtain a silica gel-sand complex, the silica gel-sand complex is pushed out from the forming mold 2, and the mounting groove of the connecting piece 32 is arranged outside the circular ring body 33, so that the elastic piece in the mounting groove of the connecting piece 32 can be popped up and serves as an electrode connecting end. Through setting up the external diameter of this ring body 33, be convenient for place this ring body 33 in the pipe, can make on the silica gel-sand complex body the flexure strip in the ring body 33 outside can access constant current or measure voltage simultaneously.
Example 2:
this forming die 2 includes from the last five same pipe subsections of diameter that down set gradually, and five pipe subsections are fixed within a definite time, set up at the sealed silica sol input port 13 of just seting up in the pipe subsection bottom of lower floor, and the pipe subsection intussuseption that corresponds is filled with sand, and copper mesh 31 has been laid to the level between two adjacent pipe subsections, and copper mesh 31 diameter is greater than the pipe external diameter.
Fig. 4 (a) shows a schematic diagram of a forming die when including 5 sections of circular tube segments, referring to fig. 4 (a), in this embodiment, after filling sandy soil in the first circular tube segment 8, a first copper mesh 14 is stacked above the first circular tube segment 12, then, a second circular tube segment 9 is sequentially stacked upward and filled with sandy soil, a second copper mesh 15 is stacked above the second circular tube segment 9, a third copper mesh 16 is stacked above the third circular tube segment 10, and a fourth copper mesh 17 is stacked above the fourth circular tube segment 11, so that the fifth circular tube segment 12 is stacked and filled with sandy soil in a reciprocating manner. In the process that the five circular tube segments are sequentially overlapped upwards, the contact parts of the adjacent circular tube segments can be fixedly connected through the adhesive, so that seepage is prevented, and the adhesive can be glass cement; it should be noted that, when the adjacent circular tube segments are bonded by the adhesive, the copper mesh 31 between the two adjacent circular tubes is also bonded because the diameter of the copper mesh 31 is larger than that of the circular tube segments. Or, under the condition of not using an adhesive, fixing the five circular tube segments by using a pressurizing assembly, specifically, the pressurizing assembly comprises a first pressurizing plate 18 arranged at the bottom of the fifth circular tube segment 12 and a second pressurizing plate 19 arranged at the top of the first circular tube segment 8, wherein the first pressurizing plate 18 and the second pressurizing plate 19 are fixed in a screwed manner through a screw 20, so that the first pressurizing plate 18 and the second pressurizing plate 19 fix the first circular tube segment 8, the second circular tube segment 9, the third circular tube segment 10, the fourth circular tube segment 11 and the fifth circular tube segment 12, and after the sample is cured, removing the first pressurizing plate 18 and the second pressurizing plate 19.
Fig. 4 (b) shows a schematic structural diagram of the circular tube segments, in this embodiment, each circular tube segment is a plurality of arc-shaped units 22 cut along the central axis of the circular tube. A plurality of arcuate cells 22 are connected by adhesive into a circular tube segment. The bonded round tube segments can be broken into a plurality of dispersed arc-shaped units 22, so that the silica gel-sand complex can be taken out conveniently.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), forming die 2 includes pipe 7, tubulose inflatable patch 23, and tubulose inflatable patch 23 is fixed to be set up in the pipe inboard, and tubulose inflatable patch 23 bottom inboard sets up sealing strip 24, and silica sol input port 13 is seted up to sealing strip 24 bottom, and sealing strip 24 forms with the cooperation of tubulose inflatable patch 23 the holding tank is five layers of sand in the holding tank, and the level sets up copper network 31 between adjacent two-layer sand, and copper network 31 diameter is greater than the holding tank diameter, and copper network 31 surpasss the vertical inboard of pasting of establishing at tubulose inflatable patch 23 of holding tank part.
In this embodiment, the outer side wall of the tubular inflatable piece 23 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the circular tube, the sealing piece 24 is inflated by the tubular inflatable piece 23 or extruded and fixed after being injected with liquid, and the formed accommodating groove 25 is tubular. Referring to fig. 5 (c), after the sand in the mold 2 is solidified and molded by the silica sol injector to obtain the silica gel-sand composite, the gas or liquid in the tubular inflatable sheet 23 is discharged, and the inner side of the tubular inflatable sheet 23 is deformed to increase the inner diameter of the tubular inflatable sheet, so that the silica gel-sand composite can be conveniently taken out.
In this embodiment, because the diameter of the copper mesh 31 is greater than the diameter of the accommodating groove, when the sand of the forming mold 2 is covered with the copper mesh 31, the part corresponding to the cross section of the accommodating groove is horizontally arranged, and the part exceeding the cross section is vertically arranged and attached to the inner wall of the tubular inflatable sheet 23. After the silica gel-sand complex is taken out, the vertical part is stretched to be horizontal and used as an electrode.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 6 (a), the forming mold 2 comprises a tubular inflation piece 23 and five circular tube segments, each circular tube segment is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped units 22, the inner side of each circular tube segment is fixedly connected with the outer side of the tubular inflation piece 23, the five circular tube segments are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom to form a circular tube, the bottom of the circular tube segment arranged at the lowermost layer is sealed and is provided with a silica sol input port 13, referring to fig. 7, a conductive structure 39 is arranged between two adjacent circular tube segments, and the inner sides of the end parts of the corresponding circular tube segments are matched with the conductive structure to be provided with conductive structure mounting grooves; when the silica sol has finished seeping through the sand without curing, the conductive structure 39 stretches into the sand.
In the invention, if the electrode of the measuring resistor does not extend into the sandy soil, the problem of inaccurate measurement is caused. The accuracy of the measurement is thus ensured by the provision of the extendable conductive structure 39.
In this embodiment, 8 airtight and set up the silica sol input port 13 in the bottom of pipe segmentation No. one, no. one pipe segmentation 8, no. two pipe segmentation 9, no. three pipe segmentation 10 and No. four pipe segmentation 11 from down up setting gradually and the top inboard is equipped with the conducting structure mounting groove for installation conducting structure 39. Five pipe subsections are assembly jig, and this mould is a plurality of arc units 22 that the pipe formed along the cutting of pipe the central axis direction, and the pipe subsection inside wall that becomes pair by arc unit 22 and the lateral wall fixed connection of tubulose inflatable piece 23 also fixed connection between two adjacent pipe subsections simultaneously. The tubular inflatable sheet 23 is used to prevent the side part of the accommodating groove formed by the five circular tube segments from leaking. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6 (b), sand is directly filled in the accommodating groove until the accommodating groove is segmented 12 with the round pipe No. five. Referring to fig. 6 (c), after the sand in the mold 2 is solidified and molded by the silica sol injector to obtain the silica gel-sand composite, the gas or liquid in the tubular inflatable sheet 23 is discharged, and the circular tube segment formed by the arc units 22 fixedly connected with the inner side of the tubular inflatable sheet 23 can be detached into a plurality of dispersed arc units 22, so that the silica gel-sand composite can be conveniently taken out.
In this embodiment, when the silica sol injector causes the sandy soil in the forming mold 2 to complete the silica sol seepage but the silica sol is not cured, all the conductive structures 39 extend into the sandy soil of the forming mold 2 from the corresponding conductive structure mounting grooves, and are fixedly connected with the silica gel-sand composite after being fixed and formed, which is helpful for accurately measuring the resistance of the silica gel-sand composite sample.
Referring to fig. 8 (a), the conductive structure 39 includes a collar 40, an expansion body 41 and a conducting wire 42, the expansion body 41 is disposed in the collar 40, a fixed end of the expansion body 41 is fixedly connected with the collar 40, and a movable end extends in the collar 40, the conducting wire 42 is located on one side of the collar 40 close to the sandy soil and is attached to the collar 40, one end of the conducting wire 42 is fixedly connected with one end of the collar 40, and the other end of the conducting wire 42 extends to the fixed end of the expansion body 41 and the movable end of the expansion body 41 through the other end of the collar 40, and is fixedly connected with the movable end of the expansion body 41; the grommet 40 and the wire 42 are both electrically conductive materials.
For example, the front end of the expansion body 41 is a fixed end, the rear end of the expansion body 41 is a movable end, the expansion body 41 is arranged inside the front end of the ring pipe 40, the front end of the expansion body 41 is fixedly connected with the front end of the ring pipe 40, the rear end of the lead 42 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the ring pipe 40, and the lead 42 between the front end of the ring pipe 40 and the rear end of the ring pipe 40 is attached to the side, close to the sandy soil, of the outer wall of the ring pipe 40; the front end of the lead 42 sequentially passes through the front end of the circular pipe 40, the front end of the expansion body 41 and the rear end of the expansion body 41 and is fixedly connected with the rear end of the expansion body 41, and when the lead 42 is arranged in the installation groove of the conductive structure 39, the lead 42 is in a relaxed state; referring to fig. 8 (b), when the silica sol is not solidified but the sand in the molding die 2 is completely infiltrated by the silica sol injector, the expansion body 41 in the collar 40 is expanded, the movable end of the expansion body 41 is extended rearward of the collar 40, and the lead wire 42 attached to the sidewall of the collar 40 is extended to be inserted into the sand.
As one specific implementation manner of the expansion body 41 in this embodiment, the expansion body 41 includes a sliding tube 47, a magnet bar, a second spring 44, a power supply 45, and a second electromagnet 46, one end of the sliding tube 47 is closed, the second spring 44 is disposed in the sliding tube 47, and one end of the second spring 44 is fixedly connected to the closed end of the sliding tube 47, one end of the magnet bar is fixedly connected to the other end of the second spring 44, and the other end of the magnet bar is disposed outside the sliding tube 47; the power supply 45 is fixedly arranged in the sliding tube 47 and close to the closed end of the sliding tube 47, and the second electromagnet 46 is arranged in the sliding tube 47 and matched with the power supply 45.
Specifically, referring to fig. 9 (a), the front end of the sliding tube 47 is closed, the second spring 44 is disposed in the sliding tube 47, the front end of the second spring 44 is fixedly connected to the closed end of the front end of the sliding tube 47, the rear end of the second spring 44 is fixedly connected to the magnet bar, the rear end of the magnet bar is disposed outside the sliding tube 47, the power supply 45 and the second electromagnet 46 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube 47 at the side of the second spring 44, the power supply 45 supplies power to the second electromagnet 46, the second electromagnet 46 is made to have magnetism, and at this time, the magnet bar can be attracted and the second spring 44 is made to be in a compressed state; referring to fig. 9 (b), when the power supply 45 does not supply power to the second electromagnet 46, the second electromagnet 46 cannot attract the magnet bar, and the magnet bar moves backward by the extension of the second spring 44. The ferromagnetic strip is here "i" shaped and consists of two magnet plates 43 and a central connecting piece 32.
As a second specific embodiment of the expansion body 41 in this embodiment, the expansion body 41 includes a sliding tube 47, a piston 48, a water-absorbent gel block 50 and a connecting rod 49, one end of the sliding tube 47 is closed, the piston 48 is a water-permeable structure, the piston 48 is disposed in the sliding tube 47 and divides the sliding tube 47 into a first chamber 52 and a second chamber 53, the first chamber 52 is closed, the water-absorbent gel block 50 is disposed in the first chamber 52, the water-absorbent gel block 50 is fixedly connected to the piston 48 through a slow-release sheet 51, the connecting rod 49 is disposed in the second chamber 53, one end of the connecting rod 49 is fixedly connected to the piston 48, and one end of the connecting rod 49 extends out of the sliding tube 47.
Specifically, referring to fig. 10 (a), the piston 48 is disposed in the middle of the sliding tube 47 to divide the sliding tube 47 into two chambers, namely, a front chamber 52 and a rear chamber 53, the front chamber is a closed first chamber 52, the rear chamber is a second chamber 53 and is communicated with the outside, the hydrogel block 50 is disposed in the first chamber 52, and a slow-release sheet 51 is connected between the hydrogel block 50 and the piston 48, and the slow-release sheet 51 is used for preventing the hydrogel block 50 from absorbing water. The lead 42 passes through the front end of the sliding tube 47 and is fixedly connected with the rear end of the connecting rod 49, and because the piston 48 is of a water permeable structure, when the silica sol seeps through the sandy soil of the forming die 2, water flows into the second chamber 53 and does not completely dissolve the sustained-release tablet 51 after passing through the piston 48, the sustained-release tablet 51 prevents the water-absorbent gel block 50 from absorbing water, the water-absorbent gel block 50 does not expand, and the lead 42 is attached to the outer wall of the sliding tube 47, close to one side of the sandy soil; referring to fig. 10 (b), when the silica sol is completely permeated through the sandy soil and is not solidified, water passes through the piston 48 and then completely dissolves the sustained-release tablet 51, the water-absorbing gel block 50 absorbs water and expands and drives the piston 48 and the connecting rod 49 to move backwards, the connecting rod 49 straightens the lead 42 so that the lead 42 enters the sandy soil, and the conductive structure 39 extends into the sandy soil. Here the sustained release tablet 51 is optionally a salt and slowly dissolves in water.
As a third specific embodiment of the expansion body 41 in this embodiment, the expansion body 41 includes a sliding tube 47, a piston 48, a slow release block 54, a third spring 55 and a connecting rod 49, one end of the sliding tube 47 is closed, the piston 48 is of a water-permeable structure, the piston 48 is disposed in the sliding tube 47 and divides the sliding tube 47 into a first chamber 52 and a second chamber 53, the first chamber 52 is closed, the slow release block 54 and the third spring 55 are disposed in the first chamber 52, the slow release block 54 is glued to the third spring 55 in a compressed state, one end of the third spring 55 is connected to the piston 48, and the other end of the third spring 55 is connected to the closed end of the sliding tube 47; a connecting rod 49 is disposed in the second chamber 53, one end of the connecting rod 49 being fixedly connected to the piston 48 and one end extending outside the sliding tube 47.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11 (a), the front end of the sliding tube 47 is a closed end, the piston 48 is disposed in the middle of the sliding tube 47 to divide the sliding tube 47 into two front and rear chambers, the chamber disposed in the front is a sealed first chamber 52, the chamber disposed in the rear is a second chamber 53 and communicates with the outside, both ends of the third spring 55 are fixedly connected to the closed end of the sliding tube 47 and the front end of the piston 48, respectively, and the slow release block 54 is bonded to the third spring 55 in a compressed state. Because the piston 48 is of a permeable structure, when the silica sol seeps through the sandy soil of the forming mold 2, water flows into the second chamber 53 and does not completely dissolve the sustained release tablet 51 after passing through the piston 48, the third spring 55 is still in a compressed state, and the lead 42 is attached to one side, close to the sandy soil, of the outer wall of the sliding tube 47; referring to fig. 11 (b), when the silica sol is completely permeated through the sand in the forming mold 2 and is not solidified, water passes through the piston 48 and then completely dissolves the slow release block 54, the third spring 55 extends and pushes the piston 48 and the connecting rod 49 to move, the connecting rod 49 straightens the conducting wire 42, and the conducting wire 42 enters the sand, so that the connection between the conducting structure 39 and the sand in the forming mold 2 is realized.
In the above four embodiments, before filling the sand in the forming mold 2, the silica sol input port 13 is blocked, so as to prevent the sand from leaking from the silica sol input port 13; as to how to block the silica sol inlet 13, this is a means of routine skill in the art.
A silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming method comprises the following steps:
and 2, after the silica sol is solidified in the forming mold to form silica gel, removing the forming mold or pushing out solidified sandy soil to obtain a silica gel-sand complex, and when the upper end and the lower end of the silica gel-sand complex are subjected to pressure, performing pressure and resistance relation test on the silica gel-sand complex by using four electrodes.
The voltage is measured by two electrodes in the middle, the two electrodes at two ends are connected with constant current, and when the upper end and the lower end of the sample are pressed, the resistance is calculated by the voltage and the current.
In the step 1, carbon nano tubes, graphene or silicon carbide nano wires are dispersed in silica sol 6; or in step 1, carbon fibers are mixed in the sand 3 sample.
Claims (10)
1. A silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming device is characterized by comprising a forming die and a silica sol injection mechanism, wherein the silica sol injection mechanism comprises a pressurizing chamber and a pressure controller, silica sol is stored in the pressurizing chamber, the pressurizing chamber is provided with a silica sol output port in cooperation with the silica sol, and the pressure controller is matched with the pressurizing chamber to control the pressure of the pressurizing chamber;
forming die sets up the holding tank that holds the sand, and forming die top cooperation holding tank is equipped with the sand entry, and the holding tank bottom is through pipe and silica sol delivery outlet intercommunication, and forming die supplies the sand that sets up in the holding tank to settle four electrodes, and four electrodes are from up setting up in proper order down at an interval, and set up two electrodes in the inboard and survey voltage respectively, set up two electrodes in the outside and connect the constant current respectively.
2. The silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forming die comprises a round tube with a sealed bottom, a silica sol inlet is arranged at the bottom of the round tube, an electrode plate is horizontally arranged after each layer of sandy soil is horizontally arranged in the round tube until a fourth electrode plate is arranged, and a layer of sandy soil is arranged on the fourth electrode plate; the electrode slice includes conductive ring and copper mesh, and the copper mesh is fixed to be set up at conductive ring inboard, conductive ring includes ring body and connecting piece, ring body external diameter is unanimous with the pipe internal diameter, and the connecting piece mounting groove is seted up in the ring body outside, and the connecting piece setting is in the connecting piece mounting groove and one end and this body coupling of pipe.
3. The piezoresistive forming device according to claim 1, wherein the forming mold comprises five circular tube segments with the same diameter, which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, the five circular tube segments are fixed, the bottom of the circular tube segment arranged at the lowest layer is sealed and provided with a silica sol inlet, the corresponding circular tube segment is filled with sand, a copper mesh is horizontally laid between two adjacent circular tube segments, and the diameter of the copper mesh is larger than the outer diameter of the circular tube.
4. The silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forming die comprises a circular tube and a tubular inflation piece, the tubular inflation piece is fixedly arranged inside the circular tube, a sealing piece is arranged inside the bottom of the tubular inflation piece, a silica sol input port is arranged at the bottom of the sealing piece, the sealing piece and the tubular inflation piece are matched to form the containing groove, five layers of sandy soil are arranged in the containing groove, a copper net is horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of sandy soil, the diameter of the copper net is larger than that of the containing groove, and the part of the copper net, which exceeds the containing groove, is vertically attached to the inside of the tubular inflation piece.
5. The silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device according to claim 1, wherein the forming die comprises a tubular inflatable sheet and five circular tube segments, each circular tube segment is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped units, the inner side of each circular tube segment is fixedly connected with the outer side of the tubular inflatable sheet, the five circular tube segments are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom to form a circular tube, the bottom of the circular tube segment arranged at the lowermost layer is sealed and provided with a silica sol input port, a conductive structure is arranged between every two adjacent circular tube segments, and the inner side of the end part of the corresponding circular tube segment is matched with the conductive structure to be provided with a conductive structure mounting groove; when the silica sol finishes seepage flow through the sandy soil and is not solidified, the conductive structure extends into the sandy soil.
6. The silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said conductive structure comprises a loop, an expansion body and a wire, the expansion body is arranged in the loop, the fixed end of the expansion body is fixedly connected with the loop, and the movable end of the expansion body extends in the loop, the wire is arranged at one side of the loop close to the sandy soil and is jointed with the loop, one end of the wire is fixedly connected with one end of the loop, and the other end of the wire extends to the fixed end of the expansion body and the movable end of the expansion body through the other end of the loop and is fixedly connected with the movable end of the expansion body; the ring tube and the lead are both made of conductive materials.
7. The silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said expansion body comprises a sliding tube, a magnet strip, a second spring, a power supply and a second electromagnet, one end of the sliding tube is closed, the second spring is arranged in the sliding tube, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the closed end of the sliding tube, one end of the magnet strip is fixedly connected with the other end of the second spring, and the other end of the magnet strip is arranged outside the sliding tube; the power is fixed to be set up in the sliding tube and be close to the sliding tube blind end, and the second electro-magnet setting just sets up with the power cooperation in the sliding tube.
8. The silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device as recited in claim 6, wherein the expansion body comprises a sliding tube, a piston, a water-absorbing gel block and a connecting rod, one end of the sliding tube is closed, the piston is of a water-permeable structure, the piston is arranged in the sliding tube and divides the sliding tube into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber is closed, the water-absorbing gel block is arranged in the first chamber, the water-absorbing gel block is fixedly connected with the piston through a slow release sheet, the connecting rod is arranged in the second chamber, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the piston, and one end of the connecting rod extends out of the sliding tube.
9. The silica sol seepage curing sandy soil piezoresistive forming device according to claim 6, wherein the expansion body comprises a sliding tube, a piston, a slow release block, a third spring and a connecting rod, one end of the sliding tube is closed, the piston is of a water-permeable structure, the piston is arranged in the sliding tube and divides the sliding tube into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber is closed, the slow release block and the third spring are arranged in the first chamber, the slow release block is cemented with the third spring in a compressed state, one end of the third spring is connected with the piston, and the other end of the third spring is connected with the closed end of the sliding tube; the connecting rod sets up in the second cavity, and connecting rod one end and piston fixed connection and one end extend to outside the sliding tube.
10. A silica sol seepage flow solidified sandy soil piezoresistive forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, placing sandy soil and four electrodes in a forming mould, connecting a silica sol injection mechanism at the bottom of the forming mould, enabling silica sol to seep through the sandy soil from the bottom, and stopping silica sol injection;
and 2, after the silica sol is solidified in the forming mold to form silica gel, removing the forming mold or pushing out solidified sandy soil to obtain a silica gel-sand complex, and when the upper end and the lower end of the silica gel-sand complex are subjected to pressure, utilizing four electrodes to test the relation between the pressure and the resistance of the silica gel-sand complex.
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