CN115377640B - Microstrip directional coupler with bridging capacitor - Google Patents
Microstrip directional coupler with bridging capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115377640B CN115377640B CN202210940871.6A CN202210940871A CN115377640B CN 115377640 B CN115377640 B CN 115377640B CN 202210940871 A CN202210940871 A CN 202210940871A CN 115377640 B CN115377640 B CN 115377640B
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- coupler
- microstrip
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- transmission line
- capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Waveguides (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a microstrip directional coupler with a bridging capacitor, and belongs to the technical field of radars. The miniaturization of the microstrip coupler is realized by adopting a serpentine wiring mode on the front side and the back side of the dielectric substrate for the main line and the auxiliary line of the microstrip transmission line, and meanwhile, the unidirectional output of the through port and the coupling port is realized; the coupling area is increased in width of the microstrip line, so that the coupling degree can be effectively increased; the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler is further improved in a mode that the main line and the auxiliary line of the microstrip transmission line are staggered by 1.5mm in parallel on the front surface and the back surface; matching among transmission lines with different characteristic impedances is realized by connecting four ports in parallel with a capacitance to the ground, standing waves of the ports are improved, and the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler is effectively improved; the mode of introducing the bridging capacitance on the front surface of the coupler improves the condition of inconsistent parity mode phase velocity, and effectively improves the directivity of the microstrip coupler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a microstrip directional coupler with a cross-over capacitor, which has the characteristics of miniaturization and strong coupling and can be applied to a high-power radar transmitter with a working wave band in a VHF wave band.
Background
Coupled microstrip lines have many applications in radar circuits, such as directional couplers, filters, impedance transformers, etc. The types of different transmission lines constituting the directional coupler are classified into microstrip line directional coupler, strip line directional coupler, rectangular waveguide directional coupler, coaxial line directional coupler, etc. The microstrip directional coupler has the advantages of easy processing and easy integration of devices; with the rapid development of monolithic microwave integrated circuits, coupling microstrip lines in planar structures have been used more widely.
In conventional microstrip line coupler designs, the coupler in the form of a coplanar coupled line is the simplest. As the two parallel lines approach, the electromagnetic coupling becomes stronger and stronger, but is limited by the processing technology, and only weak coupling can be achieved. The branch line coupler can realize any degree of coupling, but the length and the distance of the branch lines are 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency, and the size of the coupler is too large in the VHF band. Similarly, microstrip ring networks have the disadvantage of too large coupler sizes. Therefore, the invention is a microstrip directional coupler design with bridging capacitance, and has the characteristics of miniaturization, strong coupling and large power capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problem that the traditional microstrip coupler is difficult to realize strong coupling output and has miniaturization in VHF band. The invention provides a microstrip directional coupler with a cross-over capacitor, which has the main functions of realizing 3dB strong coupling output in VHF wave band and meeting the miniaturization requirement of the microstrip coupler.
Technical proposal
The microstrip directional coupler with the bridging capacitor is characterized by comprising a transmission line auxiliary line on the front side of the coupler, a transmission line main line on the back side of the coupler, a dielectric substrate, a port capacitor, the bridging capacitor and a ground hole; the transmission line auxiliary line on the front side of the coupler and the transmission line main line on the back side of the coupler are staggered in parallel by 1.5mm in the horizontal direction; the thickness of the dielectric substrate is uniform; the port capacitors are respectively distributed on four ports, and each port is respectively provided with two capacitors connected in parallel to the ground; the bridging capacitor is positioned in the middle of the whole snake-shaped wiring, one capacitor is connected with the transmission lines on the front side and the back side, and the other two capacitors are grounded capacitors; the ground holes are uniformly distributed on both sides of the transmission line.
The transmission line auxiliary line on the front side of the coupler and the transmission line main line on the back side of the coupler are both made of nickel-gold.
The dielectric substrate is made of RF-35 and has a thickness of 0.76mm.
The number of the port capacitors is 8, the ports are all arranged on the front face of the coupler, and each port is 2 and is connected with the ground.
The number of the bridging capacitors is 3, the bridging capacitors are all arranged on the front face of the coupler and are positioned in the middle of the whole snake-shaped wiring, 1 capacitor is connected with the transmission lines on the front face and the back face through the through holes, and the other two capacitors are grounded.
The ground holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the transmission line, the diameter of each ground hole is 0.4mm, and the distance between two adjacent ground holes is not more than 2mm.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a microstrip directional coupler with a bridging capacitor. The miniaturization of the microstrip coupler is realized by adopting a serpentine wiring mode on the front side and the back side of the dielectric substrate for the main line and the auxiliary line of the microstrip transmission line, and meanwhile, the unidirectional output of the through port and the coupling port is realized; the coupling area is increased in width of the microstrip line, so that the coupling degree can be effectively increased; the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler is further improved in a mode that the main line and the auxiliary line of the microstrip transmission line are staggered by 1.5mm in parallel on the front surface and the back surface; matching among transmission lines with different characteristic impedances is realized by connecting four ports in parallel with a capacitance to the ground, standing waves of the ports are improved, and the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler is effectively improved; the mode of introducing the bridging capacitance on the front surface of the coupler improves the condition of inconsistent parity mode phase velocity, and effectively improves the directivity of the microstrip coupler. Through the design of the links, the microstrip directional coupler with the bridging capacitor is finally realized, and 3dB strong coupling output can be realized in the VHF band.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1) Strong coupling. Compared with the traditional microstrip coupler which is difficult to realize strong coupling output, the device can realize 3dB strong coupling output in VHF wave band.
2) Miniaturization. The microstrip coupler effectively reduces the size of a printed board by a snakelike wiring mode, and achieves miniaturization.
3) Easy to process. The coupler adopts capacitance as compensation means and microstrip as transmission line, and the whole circuit is simple and easy to process.
4) Easy integration. The direct connection port and the coupling port of the microstrip coupler are output in the same direction, and are easier to be connected with other printed boards.
5) The power capacity is large. Through actual measurement, the output power of the microstrip coupler can reach 2000W, and the working requirement of a high-power radar transmitter is completely met.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of a microstrip coupler;
a front side of the 1-coupler and a back side of the 2-coupler;
FIG. 2 is a front side circuit diagram of the coupler;
fig. 3 is a reverse side circuit diagram of the coupler.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The schematic diagram of the whole circuit structure of the microstrip directional coupler with the cross-over capacitor is shown in fig. 1, and the whole microstrip directional coupler can be regarded as being composed of a front surface and a back surface, wherein the front surface of the coupler is a transmission line auxiliary line, and the back surface of the coupler is a transmission line main line. Because the VHF wave band belongs to meter waves and has longer wavelength, the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler can be improved and the miniaturization can be realized by adopting a snake-shaped wiring mode on the front side and the back side of the dielectric substrate; in order to effectively improve the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler, the line widths of the auxiliary line and the main line of the transmission line are widened; meanwhile, the four ports of the coupler are arranged on the same surface in a via hole punching mode, so that the practical engineering use is facilitated. The front and back sides of the microstrip coupler are not completely overlapped, but are staggered in parallel by 1.5mm, so that the coupling degree of the microstrip coupler can be further improved.
The parity mode analysis method shows that the phase velocity of the odd mode and the even mode of the four-port coupler are inconsistent, which is the root cause of poor directivity of the four-port coupler. The invention adopts a mode of placing the bridging capacitor at the middle position of the auxiliary line of the transmission line, improves the phase velocity of the even mode and effectively improves the situation of poor directivity of the microstrip directional coupler. Because the characteristic impedance of the auxiliary line and the main line of the transmission line is less than 50Ω, the compensation mode of connecting the capacitors to the ground in parallel at four ports is adopted, so that impedance matching is realized, and the standing wave of the ports is reduced. The microstrip coupler designed by the invention finally realizes 3dB strong coupling output in VHF band.
The detailed structural dimensions of the front side circuit of the coupler are shown in table 1.
The detailed structural dimensions of the coupler backside circuitry are shown in table 2.
Through practical processing tests, the microstrip directional coupler with the cross-over capacitor has the characteristics that standing waves of an input port are smaller than 1.25 in a VHF band of 50MHz, amplitude difference of an output port is within 0.5dB, isolation of the output port exceeds 20dB, design requirements can be completely met, pulse waves with peak power reaching 2000W can be actually measured, and high-power transmission is achieved.
Table 1 coupler front side circuit structure dimensions
TABLE 2 Back side Circuit Structure size of coupler
| Parameters (parameters) | Name of the name | Design value of the invention | Suggested parameter values |
| b2 | Microstrip line pitch 2 | 7.45mm | 7.35～7.55mm |
| b3 | Microstrip line pitch 3 | 4.23mm | 4.13～4.33mm |
| b4 | Cross-over capacitance pad length | 3.55mm | 3.5～3.6mm |
| b5 | Cross-over capacitance pad width | 2.6mm | 2.4～2.8mm |
| d3 | 50 omega microstrip line and ground spacing | 2.1mm | 1.2～3.1mm |
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The microstrip directional coupler with the bridging capacitor is characterized by comprising a transmission line auxiliary line on the front side of the coupler, a transmission line main line on the back side of the coupler, a dielectric substrate, a port capacitor, the bridging capacitor and a ground hole; the transmission line auxiliary line on the front side of the coupler and the transmission line main line on the back side of the coupler are staggered in parallel by 1.5mm in the horizontal direction, and the transmission line auxiliary line and the transmission line main line are serpentine wiring; the thickness of the dielectric substrate is uniform; the port capacitors are respectively distributed on four ports and are all arranged on the front surface of the coupler, and each port is respectively provided with two capacitors connected in parallel to the ground; the bridging capacitor is positioned in the middle of the serpentine wiring on the front side of the coupler, one capacitor is connected with the transmission lines on the front side and the back side through the through hole, and the other two capacitors are grounded capacitors; the ground holes are uniformly distributed on both sides of the transmission line.
2. The microstrip directional coupler with cross-over capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said secondary line of said transmission line on said front side of said coupler and said primary line of said transmission line on said back side of said coupler are both nickel-gold.
3. The microstrip directional coupler with a cross-over capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate is RF-35 and has a thickness of 0.76mm.
4. The microstrip directional coupler with a cross-over capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ground holes are uniformly distributed on both sides of the transmission line, the diameter of the ground holes is 0.4mm, and the distance between two adjacent ground holes is not more than 2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210940871.6A CN115377640B (en) | 2022-08-07 | 2022-08-07 | Microstrip directional coupler with bridging capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210940871.6A CN115377640B (en) | 2022-08-07 | 2022-08-07 | Microstrip directional coupler with bridging capacitor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115377640A CN115377640A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
| CN115377640B true CN115377640B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210940871.6A Active CN115377640B (en) | 2022-08-07 | 2022-08-07 | Microstrip directional coupler with bridging capacitor |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4626807A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-12-02 | The General Electric Company, Plc | Phase shifting device |
| JP2001044719A (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2001-02-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Coupler with built-in low-pass filter |
| CN102361151A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-02-22 | 大连海事大学 | Asymmetrical coplanar waveguide cross directional coupler |
| CN105406161A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 大连海事大学 | Stretch-across directional coupler with large coupling degree regulation range and reconfigurable response |
| CN206602171U (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-10-31 | 西安伊艾姆科技有限公司 | A kind of Wideband bilayer zone line 3dB electric bridges |
| CN111628262A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 西安电子工程研究所 | Ka-band double-semicircular-ring magnetic coupling power divider |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7394333B2 (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2008-07-01 | Stmicroelectronics S.A. | Directional coupler |
| JP4325744B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-09-02 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Data combiner |
-
2022
- 2022-08-07 CN CN202210940871.6A patent/CN115377640B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4626807A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-12-02 | The General Electric Company, Plc | Phase shifting device |
| JP2001044719A (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2001-02-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Coupler with built-in low-pass filter |
| CN102361151A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-02-22 | 大连海事大学 | Asymmetrical coplanar waveguide cross directional coupler |
| CN105406161A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 大连海事大学 | Stretch-across directional coupler with large coupling degree regulation range and reconfigurable response |
| CN206602171U (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-10-31 | 西安伊艾姆科技有限公司 | A kind of Wideband bilayer zone line 3dB electric bridges |
| CN111628262A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 西安电子工程研究所 | Ka-band double-semicircular-ring magnetic coupling power divider |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Coupled Line Trans-directional Coupler with Improved Power Distribution and Phase Performance;Hongmei Liu 等;《2017 IEEE International Symposium on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology》;第126-128页 * |
| 一种W 波段集总元件差分正交定向耦合器;马宵宵 等;《合肥工业大学学报》;第45卷(第6期);第766-769页 * |
| 横跨定向耦合器的设计方法与应用研究;刘宏梅;《中国优秀博士学位论文全文数据库》(第5期);第3-4章 * |
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| CN115377640A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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