CN115375872A - GNSS measurement linear ground object automatic delineation method - Google Patents
GNSS measurement linear ground object automatic delineation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic delineation method for measuring linear ground objects by GNSS, which comprises the steps of calculating a base line segment azimuth angle, calculating a distance and an azimuth angle by taking an end point of the base line segment azimuth angle as a vector starting point and taking each broken step point as a vector end point, carrying out ascending bubble sorting according to the distance, and forming an array by using coordinates, the distance and an included angle of a measuring point; setting a threshold value, judging a measuring point with a first included angle smaller than the threshold value in the array, and removing the measuring point to obtain a new set; forming a new directed base line segment by the latest two points which accord with the rule, and repeating the steps until no measurement point Pm +1 which accords with the rule exists; if the number of the measuring points in the set is not less than 2, a new directed base line segment is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the point nearest to the point Pm, the set is updated, and the steps are repeated. The invention automatically realizes the screening of multi-section line nodes, completes the automatic drawing of the linear ground object attribute line, simplifies the line drawing mode, ensures that points are not missed, provides reference for drawing graphs and reduces the operation difficulty and the working pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering survey data processing, in particular to an automatic delineation method for a GNSS survey linear ground object.
Background
In the field of engineering measurement, the GNSS receiver is widely applied to measurement, can directly acquire three-dimensional coordinates and point attributes of the broken step points, and has the advantages of high measurement speed, convenience in acquisition and the like. Project completion is not limited to acquisition completion, but includes providing high-quality topographical results to ensure the availability of mapping results to the owner.
After the field survey work is finished, the field arrangement still adopts a method of manually distinguishing and on-site recalling by field personnel based on point attributes, the field personnel are required to finish the topographic map drawing in time, and the working efficiency is low and the working pressure is high. The linear ground object can only be picked up by an operator manually, the speed is low, and wrong connection, missing connection and the like are easily caused in the repeated zooming process. Because the linear ground object has reference and benchmark functions on graph drawing, the effect of twice the result with half the effort on the whole interior work arrangement work is inevitably achieved by quickly realizing the linear ground object drawing.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic delineation method of a GNSS measurement linear ground object, which completes automatic delineation of the linear ground object in a GNSS measurement spread point result according to broken step point attributes under the constraint of a specified first point and a specified second point.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an automatic sketching method for a GNSS measurement linear ground object, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring coordinates of the broken step points by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing attributes of the added points, exporting a dat measurement file, reading and extending elevation points and extending codes of field measurement points in southern CASS software;
step (ii) of2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a directed base line segment X base Simultaneously filtering the elevation points by using the attributes of the points P1 and P2 to obtain a linear ground object measurement point set G = { C1, …, cn };
and 3, step 3: calculating a baseline segment X base Azimuth angle A of bsae And with a base line segment X base Using C1, …, cn as vector end point, calculating vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Distance L of C1 ，…，L Cn Azimuth angle A C1 ，…，A Cn To obtain a base line segment X base And vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Angle J = | a between bsae -A C1 |，…，|A bsae -A Cn Performing incremental bubble sorting according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by using the coordinates of the measuring points, the included angle J and the distance L;
and 4, step 4: setting a threshold value e, judging a measuring point of which the first included angle J is smaller than the threshold value e in the array M, marking the measuring point as a point Pj (J =3, …), and removing the point to obtain a new set G = { C1, …, cn-1};
and 5: forming a new directed base line segment X by the latest two points Pj-1 and Pj in accordance with the rule base Repeating the steps 3 to 4 until no measurement point Pm +1 which meets the rule exists, and forming a 1 point set G1= { P1, …, pm };
step 6: if the number of the measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directed base line segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the measuring point base Updating the set G, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until the number of the measurement points in the set G is less than 2 to obtain a k point set Gs = { G1, …, gk };
and 7: after the recognition is finished, drawing a plurality of lines according to the set Gs, and finishing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object;
and 8: and if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the steps 2 to 7 until all the linear ground objects are automatically sketched.
Further, in step 3, the azimuth angle refers to a horizontal angle from a north-pointing direction line of a certain point to a target direction line along a clockwise direction.
Further, in the step 4, the threshold e is used for eliminating the vertical measuring points of the linear ground objects, and the correct connecting points of the linear ground objects are identified by distance sorting, and the value of the connecting points of the linear ground objects is determined by the interval of the measuring points, the width of the linear ground objects and the overall trend.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides an automatic delineation method of a GNSS measurement linear ground object, which can finish automatic delineation of the linear ground object in a GNSS measurement exhibition point result according to broken step point attributes under the constraint of specifying a first point and a second point, and has the advantages of two aspects: on one hand, the method can automatically realize the screening of multi-segment line nodes (broken step points) by adopting the rules of circulation, judgment and iteration, thereby completing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object attribute line, simplifying the line drawing mode, improving the drawing efficiency and ensuring that the points are not missed; on the other hand, the current situation ground object can be quickly and automatically drawn to provide reference and benchmark for drawing of the graph, so that the operation difficulty and the working pressure are reduced, and the work result submission progress is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the broken-down dots of the CASS of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the present invention showing the automatic drawing of a linear ground object.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses an automatic delineation method for GNSS measurement of linear ground objects, comprising the following steps:
step 1: and measuring coordinates of the broken step points by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing attributes of the added points, exporting dat measurement files, and reading and extending elevation point and field measurement point codes in southern CASS software.
Step 2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a first directed base line segment X base Simultaneously with the point P1 and P2 attributesAnd filtering the elevation points to obtain a linear ground object measurement point set G = { C1, …, cn }.
And step 3: calculating the base line segment X base Azimuth angle A of bsae And with a base line segment X base Using C1, …, cn as vector end point, calculating vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Distance L of C1 ，…，L Cn Azimuth angle A C1 ，…，A Cn To obtain a base line segment X base And vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Angle J = | a between bsae -A C1 |，…，|A bsae -A Cn And I, performing incremental bubble sorting according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by using the coordinates of the measuring points, the included angle J and the distance L. In the invention, the azimuth angle refers to a horizontal included angle between a north-pointing direction line of a certain point and a target direction line along a clockwise direction.
And 4, step 4: setting a threshold value e, judging a measuring point with a first included angle J smaller than the threshold value e in the array M, marking as a point Pj (J =3, …), removing the point to obtain a new set G = { C1, …, cn-1}, wherein the threshold value e is used for removing vertical measuring points of the linear ground object, identifying a correct connecting point of the linear ground object by utilizing distance sorting, and the value of the connecting point is usually determined by measuring point intervals, linear ground object width and overall trend.
And 5: the points Pj-1, pj form a new directed base line segment X base And repeating the third step to the fourth step until no measurement point Pm +1 meeting the rule exists, and forming a 1 point set G1= { P1, …, pm }.
Step 6: if the number of the measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directed base line segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the point base And updating the set G, and repeating the third step to the fifth step until the number of the measuring points in the set G is less than 2 to obtain a k point set Gs = { G1, …, gk }.
And 7: and after the identification is finished, drawing a plurality of lines according to the set Gs, and finishing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object.
And 8: and if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the second step to the seventh step until all the linear ground objects are automatically sketched.
According to the method flow shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment further clarifies the following steps by using the method flow for delineating the boundary point of a road of 1 km as an application example:
firstly, a GNSS receiver is used for collecting road boundary points and other characteristic broken step points, characteristic attributes are noted, and then the codes of the height points and the field measuring points of the result in the CASS are displayed, as shown in figure 2.
Secondly, manually judging and selecting a first point P1 and a second point P2 of boundary points on the same side of the highway to form a first directed base line segment X base Based on the two-point attribute, the valid boundary measurement step point set is filtered (C1, …, C101, and not including P1, P2).
Thirdly, calculating a base line segment X base And in an angle of X base End point (X) base ，Y base ) And point C1, …, C101 (X) n ，Y n ) Form a vector by the formula
Calculating the distance, calculating the azimuth angle by formula (1) and obtaining the distance from the base line segment X base Is measured.
Wherein α = atan ((X) n -X base )/(Y n -Y base ))。
And then carrying out increasing bubble sorting according to the distance to obtain an ordered array M containing point coordinate information, the distance and the angle difference.
The fourth step, set threshold e =18 (usually determined by measuring point spacing, linear feature width, overall course, etc.), from order (distance X) base The distance of the end point is sorted in an increasing way) is searched according to lines to obtain the boundary measurement broken step point of which the first angular difference value is smaller than the threshold value e, and one is obtainedAnd (4) removing a new broken step point set (C1, …, C100 and not including P1, P2 and P3) from a node P3 (an underlined line in the array).
Fifthly, forming a new base line segment X by the latest two points in accordance with the rule base And repeating the third step to the fourth step until no measurement point P52 meeting the rule exists, and forming a 1-point set G1= { P1, …, P51}.
Sixthly, at this time, 52 points still exist in the new step point set, and because the number of the points is not less than 2, the point closest to the P51 and the point closest to the P51 are taken to form a new directed base line segment X base And updating the set G (reducing by 2 again), and repeating the third step to the fifth step until the number of the measurement points in the set G is less than 2, so as to obtain a k point set Gs = { G1, …, gk }.
Seventhly, after the identification is finished, sequentially utilizing 'Polyline aline = new Polyline ()' according to the set Gs; "draw the multi-segment line, as shown in fig. 3, complete the automatic drawing of the linear ground object.
And step eight, repeating the step two to the step seven until all the linear ground objects are automatically sketched.
The invention provides an automatic delineation method of a GNSS measurement linear ground object, which can finish automatic delineation of the linear ground object in a GNSS measurement exhibition point result according to broken step point attributes under the constraint of specifying a first point and a second point, and has the advantages of two aspects: on one hand, the method can automatically realize the screening of multi-segment line nodes (broken step points) by adopting the rules of circulation, judgment and iteration, thereby completing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object attribute line, simplifying the line drawing mode, improving the drawing efficiency and ensuring that the points are not missed; on the other hand, the rapid and automatic drawing of the present ground features can provide reference and benchmark for drawing the graph, and reduce the operation difficulty and the working pressure, thereby improving the work result submission progress.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A GNSS measurement linear ground object automatic delineation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: measuring coordinates of the broken step points by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing attributes of the added points, exporting a dat measurement file, reading and extending elevation points and extending codes of field measurement points in southern CASS software;
step 2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a directed base line segment X base Simultaneously filtering the elevation points by using the attributes of the points P1 and P2 to obtain a linear ground object measurement point set G = { C1, …, cn };
and step 3: calculating the base line segment X base Azimuth angle A of bsae And with a base line segment X base Using C1, …, cn as vector end point, calculating vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Distance L of C1 ，…，L Cn Azimuth angle A C1 ，…，A Cn To obtain a base line segment X base And vector V C1 ，…，V Cn Angle J = | a between bsae -A C1 |，…，|A bsae -A Cn Performing incremental bubble sorting according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by using the coordinates of the measuring points, the included angle J and the distance L;
and 4, step 4: setting a threshold value e, judging a measuring point of which the first included angle J is smaller than the threshold value e in the array M, marking the measuring point as a point Pj (J =3, …), and removing the point to obtain a new set G = { C1, …, cn-1};
and 5: forming a new directed base line segment X by the latest two points Pj-1 and Pj in accordance with the rule base Repeating the steps 3 to 4 until no measurement point Pm +1 meeting the rule exists, and forming a 1 point set G1= { P1, …, pm };
step 6: if the number of the measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directional base line segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the measuring point base And updating the set G, repeating the steps 3 to 5 until the number of the measurement points in the set G is less than 2, obtaining a k point set Gs = { G1,…，Gk}；
and 7: after the recognition is finished, drawing a plurality of lines according to the set Gs, and finishing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object;
and 8: and if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the steps 2 to 7 until all the linear ground objects are automatically sketched.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the azimuth angle is a horizontal angle from a north-pointing direction line of a point to a target direction line in a clockwise direction.
3. The GNSS measured linear ground object automatic delineation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, a threshold e is used to eliminate vertical measuring points of the linear ground object, and a correct connecting point of the linear ground object is identified by using distance sorting, and the value is determined by measuring point interval, linear ground object width and overall trend.
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| CN116152381A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-05-23 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for drawing stripe pattern spots fitted according to reference pattern layer in GIS data |
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