CN115370338A - Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well - Google Patents
Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN115370338A CN115370338A CN202110550151.4A CN202110550151A CN115370338A CN 115370338 A CN115370338 A CN 115370338A CN 202110550151 A CN202110550151 A CN 202110550151A CN 115370338 A CN115370338 A CN 115370338A
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- staged fracturing
- horizontal well
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 55
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
Abstract
The invention provides a staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: a well completion pipe string provided with a multistage fracturing sliding sleeve is put in; step two: performing well cementation operation to seal off the stratum; step three: the sleeve is suppressed to open the toe end sliding sleeve, and the fracturing construction is carried out to press the lowest section of stratum open; step four: the staged fracturing opener is lowered to a preset underground position through a cable, and the corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve is opened through the staged fracturing opener; step five: carrying out fracturing construction operation to press the stratum of the corresponding section open; step six: closing the staged fracturing opening tool, and lifting the staged fracturing opening tool to a position corresponding to the upper stage of fracturing sliding sleeve through a lifting cable; step seven: repeating the fourth step to the sixth step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeves corresponding to the previous section of stratum, and performing fracturing construction operation to press open the corresponding section of stratum until all sections of stratum are pressed open; step eight: and (5) taking out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to complete staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well completion, particularly relates to horizontal well staged fracturing well completion for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale oil and gas, compact sandstone oil and gas, coal bed gas and the like, and particularly relates to a horizontal well staged fracturing operation method.
Background
The unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale oil and gas, compact sandstone oil and gas, coal bed gas and the like generally adopt a horizontal well multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing well completion process.
At present, the staged fracturing process applied to the inside of a casing mainly comprises a bridge plug perforation staged fracturing process and a well cementation sliding sleeve staged fracturing process. The multistage bridge plug perforation staged fracturing process comprises the steps of setting a bridge plug for sealing a shaft for multiple times, and further perforating and fracturing, and the process needs multiple cable operations, is discontinuous in construction, long in operation period and needs to drill and grind the bridge plug in the later stage. For another well completion operation of the well cementation sliding sleeve fracturing valve, the sliding sleeve is connected with the casing pipe and is put into the shaft, the well cementation is carried out after the sliding sleeve is put into a preset position, and for example, fracturing construction can be carried out by adopting ball throwing or a rubber plug to open the sliding sleeve fracturing valve. After the level of transformation is completed, the ball is thrown to block the channel of the level, the next level of sliding sleeve is opened to carry out transformation operation, and the steps are continuously repeated until the segmented transformation of the whole horizontal well is completed. Although this technology can realize one trip tubular column multistage fracturing, however, because the sliding sleeve adopts by the top to the bottom undergauge step by step to cause the fracturing stage number to be restricted, can't realize unlimited stage fracturing, still lead to the construction process complicated, fracturing transformation inefficiency. In addition, the water outlet of conventional well cementation sliding sleeve fracturing operation later stage still does not have good means to improve, the water shutoff tubular column is looked for to conventional intelligence includes that a plurality of intelligence look for water shutoff switch and a plurality of packer, open production alone through controlling each interval, thereby confirm the appearance of producing of each interval, find out the water interval, the rethread ground is suppressed and is pressed and is produced pressure code, look for water shutoff switch to the intelligence that corresponds and close other intervals of production, this makes the later stage look for water shutoff in-process and needs multistage packer, this also leads to having the play of multistage packer tubular column, sit and seal and the deblocking difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well, by which a fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at a preset underground position, the opening reliability of the fracturing sliding sleeve is obviously improved, infinite fracturing in a horizontal well casing pipe of a tubular column can be realized, the construction process is simplified, and the improvement of the fracturing transformation efficiency is greatly facilitated. And, can avoid going into the packer later stage, and look for the stifled water pipe post through going into intelligence and realize looking for stifled water of arbitrary level.
Therefore, the invention provides a staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a preset well completion pipe column is lowered into the shaft, and a multi-stage fracturing sliding sleeve is arranged in the well completion pipe column;
step two: performing well cementation operation to seal off the stratum;
step three: the sleeve is suppressed to open the toe end sliding sleeve, and the fracturing construction operation is carried out to press the lowest section of stratum open;
step four: the staged fracturing opening tool is lowered through a cable, the staged fracturing opening tool is conveyed to a preset underground position, and the corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve is opened through the staged fracturing opening tool;
step five: carrying out fracturing construction operation to press the stratum of the corresponding section open;
step six: closing the staged fracturing opening tool, and lifting the staged fracturing opening tool to a position corresponding to the upper stage of fracturing sliding sleeve by lifting the cable;
step seven: repeating the fourth step to the sixth step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeves corresponding to the previous section of stratum, and performing fracturing construction operation to press the corresponding section of stratum open until all sections of stratum are pressed open;
step eight: and (5) taking out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to finish staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
In one embodiment, the fracturing sliding sleeve comprises a sliding sleeve outer cylinder and a sliding sleeve inner cylinder arranged in the sliding sleeve outer cylinder through shear pins, a liquid outlet channel is arranged on the sliding sleeve outer cylinder,
in the first state, the sliding sleeve inner cylinder blocks the liquid outlet channel,
under the second state, the staged fracturing opener can push the sliding sleeve inner cylinder to cut off the shear pin and then move axially along the sliding sleeve outer cylinder until the liquid outlet channel is exposed, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve inner barrel is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing in the completion string, and a first insert sealing surface is formed on the inner wall surface of the sliding sleeve inner barrel.
In one embodiment, after the staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well, the water outlet condition of the bottom hole interval can be monitored in real time by putting the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column in the later production operation process,
the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and blocking switches and a plurality of insertion pipes, a sealing layer is arranged on the outer surface of each insertion pipe so as to form a third insertion sealing surface, and the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column can be matched with the first insertion sealing surface of the inner sliding sleeve barrel through the third insertion sealing surface so as to form a packing.
In one embodiment, the staged fracture opening tool comprises: a housing; a drive assembly; a transmission actuator connected to a lower end of the drive assembly, the transmission actuator including a transmission shaft and an operating claw connected to the transmission shaft, an opening being provided in a side wall region of the housing corresponding to the operating claw, the transmission actuator being configured to move the operating claw in a radial direction of the transmission shaft by rotating the transmission shaft to extend or retract the opening; in a first state, the operating claw is positioned in the opening, the staged fracturing opener tool can be inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder, and an insertion seal is formed between the shell and the sliding sleeve inner cylinder; in a second state, the ground is electrified to drive the driving assembly to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the operation claw is controlled to extend out of the opening until the operation claw is positioned on the radial outer side of the shell and is in contact with the inner cylinder of the sliding sleeve, the staged fracturing opening tool can be pushed to drive the inner cylinder of the sliding sleeve to move through the suppressed pressure of the sleeve, and the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder is provided with a step with an upward end face, and the operating claw can abut against the step after extending out, so that the sliding sleeve inner cylinder can be pushed to move axially.
In one embodiment, the transmission shaft is a bidirectional screw, a first transmission nut and a second transmission nut are axially installed on the bidirectional screw at intervals, two ends of the operating claw are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut through connecting rods, and the operating claw is parallel to the bidirectional screw,
the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are close to or far away from each other by rotating the bidirectional screw rod, so that the operating claw moves along the radial direction of the transmission shaft.
In one embodiment, the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are provided with guide pins which are installed in the radial direction, guide grooves which extend along the axial direction are correspondingly formed in the inner wall of the shell, and the guide pins are installed in the guide grooves in a matched mode.
In one embodiment, the outer wall surface of the housing is provided with a sealing layer, thereby forming a second insertion sealing surface on the outer surface of the housing,
the housing can form an insertion seal by the second insertion seal face fitting with the first insertion seal face of the sliding sleeve inner barrel.
In one embodiment, the lower end of the housing is configured to form a seal to seal off the staged fracturing opener internal passage.
In one embodiment, the drive assembly includes a motor and a speed reducer.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that:
according to the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, the fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at the underground preset position, and the reliability of the opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve is remarkably improved by driving the transmission actuating mechanism through the driving assembly. And infinite fracturing in the horizontal well casing pipe of the one-trip pipe column can be realized through the staged fracturing opening tool of the horizontal well, and the fracturing opening tool can be put into production after being pressed, so that the construction process is greatly simplified, and the fracturing improvement efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column can be put in at the later stage to find water blocking at any level. The intelligent water plugging finding pipe column can form insertion sealing with the end face of the sliding sleeve, construction procedures are further simplified, a multi-stage packer is not needed, the difficulty in taking off, setting and deblocking the multi-stage packer pipe column is effectively avoided, and the intelligent water plugging finding pipe column is very favorable for improving the water plugging efficiency.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of the staged fracturing opener tool according to the present invention in a state of opening the fracturing sliding sleeve.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of an operating jaw in the staged fracturing opener tool shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the situation where a pre-set completion string is run into the wellbore.
Fig. 4 to 5 show the process of descending a staged fracturing opener of a horizontal well into a shaft to open a corresponding stratum fracturing sliding sleeve step by step.
Fig. 6 shows the state of running the intelligent find and block string into the wellbore.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a structure of a staged fracturing opener tool 100 according to the present invention in a state where a fracturing sliding sleeve is opened. As shown in fig. 1, the staged fracturing opener 100 includes a housing 10, a driving assembly 20 disposed in the housing 10, and a transmission actuator connected to a lower end of the driving assembly 20. The transmission actuator includes a transmission shaft 30 and an operating claw 40 connected to the transmission shaft 30, and an opening 11 is provided in a side wall region of the housing 10 corresponding to the operating claw 40, and the transmission actuator is configured to be capable of moving the operating claw 40 in a radial direction of the transmission shaft 30 by rotating the transmission shaft 30 so as to extend or retract the opening 11.
In practice, in an initial state (first state), the operating jaw 40 is in the opening 11, so that the maximum radial dimension of the operating jaw 40 is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing 10, and then the staged fracture opening tool 100 can be lowered into the wellbore and run to a predetermined downhole location. Under operating condition (under the second state), ground circular telegram orders about drive assembly 20 and drives transmission shaft 30 and rotate, thereby control operation claw 40 stretches out opening 11 until being in the radial outside of shell 10, make the maximum radial dimension of operation claw 40 be greater than the external diameter of shell 10, at this moment, can make the operation claw 40 of horizontal well staged fracturing opening tool 100 contact with the sliding sleeve inner tube 221 of fracturing sliding sleeve 220 in the well completion tubular column 200 (see fig. 2), and then can promote staged fracturing opening tool 100 through the sleeve pipe suppress the pressure and drive sliding sleeve inner tube 221 through operation claw 40 and move, thereby open fracturing sliding sleeve 220, realize staged fracturing and open. Therefore, fracturing operation on the corresponding stratum can be realized.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 is provided with a step with an upward end face, and the operating claw 40 can abut against the step after being extended, so that the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 can be pushed to move axially.
The drive assembly 20 includes a motor and a speed reducer. The motor is energized to the surface via cable 130, thereby enabling control of the drive assembly 20 through the surface. The transmission shaft 30 may be fixedly connected to an output shaft of the reducer through a coupling, thereby realizing transmission control.
According to the invention, the drive shaft 30 is a bidirectional lead screw. As shown in fig. 1, the drive actuator further comprises a first drive nut 31 and a second drive nut 32 mounted on the bidirectional screw shaft in axially spaced apart relation. The upper end of the operating claw 40 is hinged with the first transmission nut 31 through a connecting rod 41, the lower end of the operating claw 40 is hinged with the second transmission nut 32 through a connecting rod 41, and the operating claw 40 is parallel with the bidirectional screw rod. Thus, the operating pawl 40 is on one side of the bidirectional screw. The first and second drive nuts 31 and 32 are a positive and a negative lead nut, respectively. In operation, the driving assembly 20 drives the bidirectional screw to rotate, so that the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 move close to or away from each other, thereby moving the operating pawl 40 along the radial direction of the bidirectional screw.
Specifically, when the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 approach each other, the control operation claw 40 protrudes out of the opening 11 to be located radially outside the housing 10, so that the maximum radial dimension of the control operation claw 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the housing 10, and at this time, the staged fracturing opener 100 is in the first state. When the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are far away from each other, the operation claw 40 is controlled to retract into the opening 11 until the radial dimension of the operation claw 40 is smaller than the radial outer side of the housing 10, and at this time, the horizontal well staged fracturing opener 100 is in the second state.
In one embodiment, the two ends of the bidirectional screw are threaded with one left-handed and one right-handed threads, and the first drive nut 31 corresponds to the left-handed threads of the bidirectional screw and the second drive nut 32 corresponds to the right-handed threads of the bidirectional screw. Therefore, the bidirectional screw rod can drive the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 on the two sides to move relatively or reversely when rotating.
According to the invention, the first drive nut 31 and the second drive nut 32 are each provided with a radially mounted guide pin 33. Meanwhile, the inner wall of the housing 10 is correspondingly provided with guide grooves (not shown) extending along the axial direction, and the corresponding guide pins 33 of the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are respectively fitted in the guide grooves on the inner wall of the housing 10. When the transmission actuating mechanism controls the operation claw 40 to extend or retract, the guide pin 33 can prevent the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 from rotating, so that the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are ensured to only do axial movement along the transmission shaft 30, and the influence on the opening supporting force caused by the rotation and inclination of the two ends of the operation claw 40 is avoided. Thereby, the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are guided, and the precise control of the extending or retracting movement of the operation claw 40 is effectively ensured. The number of the operating claws 40 may be provided in plural. The plurality of operating claws 40 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 30 and are all disposed at the same axial position of the drive shaft 30. Both ends of the plurality of operating claws 40 are respectively hinged to the first and second transmission nuts 31 and 32 by a link 41. Correspondingly, a plurality of openings 11 are provided at corresponding positions on the housing 10, respectively. The plurality of operating claws 40 are located on the same circle centered on the axis of the transmission shaft 30 and move in synchronization. From this, can guarantee that staged fracturing opening tool 100 effectively opens fracturing sliding sleeve 220, guarantee to open required holding power, reinforcing instrument stability and reliability.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the operating claw 40 is configured to include a latch 42 having a substantially rectangular plate shape and a coupling portion 43 fixed to an inner side of the latch 42, and a middle portion of the coupling portion 43 is provided with a mounting groove extending in a length direction of the latch 42, the mounting groove penetrating the entire length of the latch. A slide groove 45 is provided on a side wall of the connecting portion 43. When the device is installed, the radial inner ends of two connecting rods 41 connected with the same operating claw 40 are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32, and the radial outer ends of the two connecting rods 41 are inserted into the installation groove and are hinged through the push-pull pin. The two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively provided with a pin mounting hole, and the push-pull pin passes through the sliding slot and the pin mounting hole at the radial inner end of the connecting rod 41, so that the connecting rod 41 is hinged with the operating claw 40.
In the present embodiment, the bottom of the mounting groove is sized to be larger than the width of the mounting groove, so that a space extending in the length direction of the operating claw 40 is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove, a compression spring is mounted in the space, spring seats are provided at both ends of the compression spring, and the end of the link 41 mounted in the mounting groove is in contact with the spring seats. The operating claw 40 can slide along the sliding groove 45 in the process of extending or retracting movement, and under the action of the compression spring, the operating claw 40 can have certain elasticity after extending, so that the operating claw 40 can be ensured to be attached to the sleeve after extending, but cannot bite the sleeve, certain burrs on the inner wall of the sleeve can be allowed, and the sleeve can be pumped down.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall surface of the housing 10 is provided with a sealing layer, thereby forming the second insertion sealing surface 12 at the outer surface of the housing 10. Meanwhile, an inner wall surface of the sleeve inner tube 221 is formed as a first insertion seal surface. During the lowering of the staged fracturing opener 100, the housing 10 can be inserted into the sleeve inner barrel 221 of the fracturing sleeve 220, so that the housing 10 forms an insertion seal by the second insertion seal face 12 fitting with the first insertion seal face of the sleeve inner barrel 221. Thereby forming a sealing surface therebetween.
As shown in fig. 1, the housing 10 may be configured to include a housing main body 101 and a cylinder body 102 fixedly coupled to an upper end of the housing main body 101. The opening 11 is provided on a side wall of the casing main body 101. A first connector 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 10, the first connector 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder 102, and the first connector 13 is used for connecting the cable 130.
According to the present invention, the staged fracturing opener tool 100 may be connected in-line by a cable 130, and when in-line by the cable 130, the staged fracturing opener tool 100 is pumped to a predetermined downhole location by circulating drilling fluid. Of course, the staged fracturing opener tool 100 may also be run in-line from coiled tubing to a predetermined location downhole.
According to the present invention, the lower end of the housing 10 is configured to form a seal to seal off the internal passage of the staged fracture opener 100. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a second nipple 14 is fixedly coupled to a lower end of the housing 10, and the second nipple 14 is mounted with a ball seat 15. The ball seat 15 is capable of sealing with a ball valve to form a seal at the second joint 14 to seal the internal passage of the frac opener tool 100 for subsequent casing build-up. Of course, the lower end of the housing 10 may also be directly configured as a sealing structure.
According to the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well can realize staged fracturing of the horizontal well by one string while sealing off a stratum. The staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well is described in detail below.
First, a pre-set completion string 200 is run into the wellbore with the casing. As shown in fig. 3, completion string 200 includes casing 210, multi-stage fracturing sleeve 220 coupled within casing 210, toe sleeve 230, and float shoe 240 coupled at the end of the entire completion string 200. In the initial state, the toe slide 230 is in a closed state and each fracturing slide 220 is also in a closed state.
According to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 comprises a sliding sleeve outer cylinder 222 and a sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 installed in the sliding sleeve outer cylinder 222 through shear pins, wherein the upper end of the sliding sleeve outer cylinder 222 is connected with the upper casing pipe through a first sliding sleeve joint 223, and the lower end is connected with the lower casing pipe through a second sliding sleeve joint 224. The sliding sleeve outer cylinder 222 is provided with a liquid outlet channel 225 penetrating through the side wall, and in the first state, the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 seals the liquid outlet channel 225, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is closed. In the second state, the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 can move axially along the sliding sleeve outer cylinder 222 to expose the liquid outlet channel 225, so as to open the fracturing sliding sleeve 220.
After running the completion string 200 into the wellbore, the well is cemented by surface cementing to form a cement sheath 201 between the completion string 200 and the formation, thereby packing the formation.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, during the cementing operation, the casing and the formation circulation path are blocked by throwing a ball into the completion string 200 from the wellhead to a pressure ball seat 241 mounted on a float shoe 240. After the well cementation is completed, the pressure build-up in the casing causes the pin or rupture disk of the toe sliding sleeve 230 to shear, thereby opening the toe sliding sleeve 230. Then, a fracturing construction process is carried out to fracture the lowest section of the formation.
After the bottom section of the formation is pressed open, the casing establishes a circulation path with the formation.
Then, as shown in fig. 4, the staged fracturing opener 100 according to the present invention is lowered until the staged fracturing opener 100 is delivered to a position close to a predetermined position in the well, the staged fracturing opener 100 is started before the fracturing sliding sleeve preset at the lowest stage, and pumping is continued, so that the housing 10 is inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 of the corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve 220, and the second inserted sealing surface is adapted to the first inserted sealing surface to form an inserted seal, so that a sealing surface is formed between the two, and sealing between the two is effectively ensured. The frac opener tool 100 may be run in through a cable 130 connection and when run in through the cable 130 the frac opener tool 100 is pumped to a predetermined downhole location by circulating drilling fluid. Of course, the staged fracturing opener tool 100 may also be run through coiled tubing with the desired slip sleeve position.
In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve opening tool 100 is to be guaranteed to start between the last stage fracturing sliding sleeve and the current stage fracturing sliding sleeve to ensure that the last stage fracturing sliding sleeve and the current stage sliding sleeve can be smoothly passed through. After the fracturing sliding sleeve is started, the mode of descending again can ensure that the fracturing sliding sleeve is inserted and opened into a preset fracturing sliding sleeve.
According to the present invention, the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the casing, for example, the inner diameter can be set to be equal to the outer diameter of the housing 10 of the staged fracturing opener 100, so that the operating claw 40 of the staged fracturing opener 100 can be ensured to pass through the fracturing sliding sleeve when being retracted.
After the staged fracturing opener 100 is successfully inserted into the inner sleeve barrel, the ground is powered on to drive the driving assembly to operate, so as to drive the bidirectional screw 30 to rotate, so that the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are close to each other, and the operating claws 40 extend outwards along the radial direction of the bidirectional screw 30 until the operating claws 40 are in contact with the corresponding inner sleeve barrel 221. The operating claw 40 abuts against the step of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221, then, the pressure is suppressed through the sleeve, under the action of the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part, the operating claw 40 of the staged fracturing opener 100 is pushed to drive the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 to shear the pin and then move downwards, so that the liquid outlet channel 225 is exposed, the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is opened, the pressure is suppressed continuously, and the fracturing construction operation is carried out until the corresponding section of stratum (the previous section of stratum relative to the lowest section of stratum) is pressed open. As shown in fig. 5, after a section of formation is fractured, the staged fracturing opener 100 is closed, the operating claw 40 is withdrawn, the cable is lifted up to lift the staged fracturing opener 100 to the upper stage of the fracturing sliding sleeve, and the above-mentioned step of opening the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is repeated. From this, open corresponding level fracturing sliding sleeve 220 step by step, realize the fracturing operation of each corresponding section stratum of follow-up.
After fracturing of all the formations is completed, the cable 130 and the staged fracturing opener 100 are tripped out. Thereby, staged fracturing of the horizontal well is completed.
According to the invention, after staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well, in the later production operation process, as shown in fig. 6, an intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 can be put in, and the water outlet condition of the interval can be monitored in real time through the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300. The intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and blocking switches 310 and a plurality of insertion pipes 301, wherein the intelligent water finding and blocking switches 310 and the insertion pipes 301 are alternately connected in series in the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 at intervals. A sealing layer is arranged on the outer surface of the insertion pipe 301, so that a third insertion sealing surface is formed on the outer surface of the insertion pipe 301, the intelligent water plugging finding string 300 can be inserted into the fracturing sliding sleeve 220, and a packing is formed by matching the third insertion sealing surface of the insertion pipe 301 with the first insertion sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 in the fracturing sliding sleeve 220. Thus, the packer can be added to the wellbore instead. According to the invention, the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 replaces a packer by using the first inserted sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder of the preset sliding sleeve as a sealing section and adopting the third inserted sealing surface formed on the outer surface of the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 to be matched and sealed with the first inserted sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder, so that a multi-stage water finding and plugging function is realized. Can realize looking for the shutoff water of arbitrary level like this, and do not need multistage packer, avoid the play of multistage packer tubular column, set up and the deblocking difficulty, be favorable to very much improving and look for the shutoff water efficiency, can show reduce expense, reduce the operation risk. In the later production operation process, the stratum produces water flooding, and water can be found and blocked by the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 through the intelligent water finding and blocking process. The principle of intelligent water finding and blocking is that each section is opened step by step to carry out production, the water-yielding layer section (water finding) is determined according to the shape of the water, then the water-yielding layer section is closed through ground remote control (pressure coding), and the non-flooded layer section (water blocking) is produced.
According to the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, the fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at the underground preset position, and the reliability of the opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve is remarkably improved by driving the transmission actuating mechanism through the driving assembly 20. In addition, the staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well can realize infinite fracturing in the horizontal well casing of the tubular column once through the staged fracturing opening tool 100, and can be put into production after being pressed, thereby greatly simplifying construction procedures and being very beneficial to improving the fracturing transformation efficiency. In addition, the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 can be put in at the later stage to find and block water at any level. The intelligent water plugging finding pipe column 300 can form insertion sealing with the end face of the sliding sleeve, construction procedures are further simplified, a multi-stage packer is not needed, the difficulty in taking off, setting and deblocking of the multi-stage packer pipe column is effectively avoided, and the intelligent water plugging finding pipe column is very favorable for improving the water plugging efficiency. In the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower" and the like are described with respect to the direction of extension of the wellbore, without explicit additional description or without contradiction. The term "up" refers to a side of the wellbore that is proximate to the wellbore in the direction of wellbore extension. The term "down" refers to the side near the bottom of the well in the direction of wellbore extension.
In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to imply that the number of indicated technical features is large. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a preset completion string (200) is put into the well, and a multi-stage fracturing sliding sleeve (220) is arranged in the completion string;
step two: performing well cementation operation to seal off the stratum;
step three: the sleeve is suppressed to open the toe end sliding sleeve (230), and the fracturing construction operation is carried out to press the lowest section of stratum open;
step four: running a staged fracturing opener (100) through a cable, sending the staged fracturing opener into a preset underground position, and opening a corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve through the staged fracturing opener;
step five: carrying out fracturing construction operation to press the stratum of the corresponding section open;
step six: closing the staged fracturing opener, and lifting the staged fracturing opener to a position corresponding to the upper stage of fracturing sliding sleeve by lifting the cable;
step seven: repeating the fourth step to the sixth step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeves corresponding to the previous section of stratum, and performing fracturing construction operation to press open the corresponding section of stratum until all sections of stratum are pressed open;
step eight: and (5) taking out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to finish staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
2. The staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the fracturing sliding sleeve comprises an outer sliding sleeve barrel (222) and an inner sliding sleeve barrel (221) installed in the outer sliding sleeve barrel through shear pins, a liquid outlet channel (225) is arranged on the outer sliding sleeve barrel,
in the first state, the sliding sleeve inner cylinder blocks the liquid outlet channel,
under the second state, the staged fracturing opener can push the sliding sleeve inner cylinder to cut off the shear pin and then move axially along the sliding sleeve outer cylinder until the liquid outlet channel is exposed, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
3. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing in the completion string, and a first insertion sealing surface is formed on the inner wall surface of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder.
4. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method according to claim 3, wherein after the horizontal well staged fracturing operation, in the later production operation process, the water outlet condition of the bottom hole interval can be monitored in real time by setting the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column (300),
the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and blocking switches (310) and a plurality of insertion pipes (301), a sealing layer is arranged on the outer surface of each insertion pipe so as to form a third insertion sealing surface, and the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column can be matched with the first insertion sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner cylinder through the third insertion sealing surface so as to form a seal.
5. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method of claim 3, wherein the staged fracturing opener tool comprises:
a housing (10);
a drive assembly (20);
a transmission actuator connected to a lower end of the drive assembly, the transmission actuator including a transmission shaft (30) and an operating claw (40) connected to the transmission shaft, an opening (11) being provided in a side wall region of the housing corresponding to the operating claw, the transmission actuator being configured to move the operating claw in a radial direction of the transmission shaft by rotating the transmission shaft to extend or retract the opening;
in a first state, the operating claw is positioned in the opening, the staged fracturing opener tool can be inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder, and an insertion seal is formed between the shell and the sliding sleeve inner cylinder;
and in a second state, the ground is electrified to drive the driving assembly to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the operation claw is controlled to extend out of the opening until the operation claw is positioned on the radial outer side of the shell and is in contact with the inner cylinder of the sliding sleeve, and the staged fracturing opening tool can be pushed to drive the inner cylinder of the sliding sleeve to move through the suppressed pressure of the sleeve, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
6. The staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well according to claim 5, wherein a step with an upward end face is arranged on the inner wall of the inner sliding sleeve barrel, and the operating claw can abut against the step after extending out, so that the inner sliding sleeve barrel can be pushed to move axially.
7. The staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well according to claim 5, wherein the transmission shaft is a bidirectional screw, a first transmission nut (31) and a second transmission nut (32) are axially installed on the bidirectional screw at intervals, two ends of the operating claw are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut through a connecting rod (41), and the operating claw is parallel to the bidirectional screw,
the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are close to or far away from each other by rotating the bidirectional screw rod, so that the operating claw moves along the radial direction of the transmission shaft.
8. The staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well according to claim 7, wherein the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are respectively provided with a guide pin (33) which is installed in the radial direction, the inner wall of the shell is correspondingly provided with a guide groove which extends along the axial direction, and the guide pins are installed in the guide grooves in a matched mode.
9. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method according to any of claims 5 to 8, wherein the outer wall surface of the casing is provided with a sealing layer so as to form a second plug-in sealing surface (12) on the outer surface of the casing,
the housing can form an insertion seal by the second insertion seal face fitting with the first insertion seal face of the sliding sleeve inner barrel.
10. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method of claim 5, wherein the lower end of the housing is configured to form a seal to seal off the staged fracturing opener tool internal passage.
11. The horizontal well staged fracturing operation method of claim 5, wherein the drive assembly comprises a motor and a reducer.
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| CN202110550151.4A CN115370338A (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well |
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| CN202110550151.4A CN115370338A (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well |
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Cited By (1)
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