CN1153678A - Scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web - Google Patents

Scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1153678A
CN1153678A CN96107566A CN96107566A CN1153678A CN 1153678 A CN1153678 A CN 1153678A CN 96107566 A CN96107566 A CN 96107566A CN 96107566 A CN96107566 A CN 96107566A CN 1153678 A CN1153678 A CN 1153678A
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Prior art keywords
scrim
fabric
filter
dimension
woven
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Granted
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CN96107566A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1076976C (en
Inventor
大卫·L·尼尔森
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3M Co
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Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/06—Filters making use of electricity or magnetism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D04H13/02—Production of non-woven fabrics by partial defibrillation of oriented thermoplastics films
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0435—Electret
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0613—Woven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0627—Spun-bonded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0654—Support layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0659—The layers being joined by needling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web and forming process thereof. Provided is a nonwoven web of electrically charged fibers needle-punched to a scrim support. This web provides a filter medium having increased uniformity in pressure-drop, basis weight and filtration performance.

Description

The static that is inserted with the linen-cotton fabric is knitted dimensional filter cloth
The present invention relates to form the non-manufacture method of filter and the product that obtains by this method knitted of electret (electret).
The non-woven canonical form that electret is knitted dimension is that dimension is knitted in loose uniting, this type of filter can be to form before the non-woven, during or afterwards by electrostatic charging.For example secondary forming charging is described in United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 588, and in No. 537, its non-woven that has charged is to comprise that by diverse ways combing and meltblown are formed.These fabrics should be recharged under the compression situation, are allowed to return back to their initial height then.As described in below the application, dimension is knitted in precharge preferably two utmost points, so they trend towards opposing and crispatura.Can avoid by crispaturaing in advance when using charging method of the present invention.
When they form, knitting dimension also can be recharged, as be disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) the 4th of kubik etc., 215, in No. 682 like that, wherein melt and spray knit dimension one by by melt and spray the hole squeeze out after at once by ion or electron institute collision, knit dimension in air, extremely fast solidify and be collected and half mutually driving fit tangle little Wei Quan of knitting, this fabric preferably is described as liquid and passes through filter, opens so that pressure differential to be provided.
A kind ofly especially effectively form the non-electret of knitting and knit the method for dimensional filter device and be described in the U.S. and issue patent the 30th again, in No. 782 (Van Turnout etc.), the present invention's electret is knitted dimension and is formed by the crown electric charge film of being knitted dimension by the electric charge of former knitting, and this electric charge is knitted dimension can be by forming non-woven such as commonsense methods such as combing or air lays.This charging method provides a highdensity especially iunjected charge.Yet problem is to knit the formed fabric of dimension and suffered from along with these precharge, and it is all very big and unfold usually that these knit dimension, and they also revolt bending.Resistance forms a coherent fabric because the some of these character, this class are knitted dimension, particularly inferior low unit organization weight.The some of this problem has applied for that at United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 363 No. 682, this patent application use is knitted dimensional fabric as filibrated and covered in the front.For more coherent fabric is provided, as knitting dimension in order to revolt to come off, this patent proposes a back embossing and handles, and this back embossing joint outer surface is knitted dimension together, provides one according to this in the use than uniformity and comfortableness fabric preferably, covers as the front.Yet this method also will trend towards causing condensing fabric, and this point may increase the pressure loss on filter.
The acquisition that uniformity electret of the present invention is knitted the dimensional fabric filter is the formation of knitting dimensional fabric by electrically charged, place electrically charged knit dimensional fabric on the open nature be on the not extensible scrim material and then with this composite of needle point method acupuncture so that a highly consistent filtration fabrics to be provided.
Fig. 1 represents according to the summary of the preferred approach of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is filter of the present invention and three kinds of nature difference coefficients that the do not use scrim percentage minimizing figure to the nominal basis weights.
Fig. 1 representative be that device about reality of the present invention disposes 1, former knitting knitted dimension and formed by carding machine 2 and enter into non-woven 10, be fed through random distribution device (randomizer) 3 after this fabric to increase Unit Weight, this typical random distributor can be set to wire (for example, the V-needle tray) roller of mutual string cover.In addition, second fabric (not showing) can be discharged by carding machine 2, through identical processing, is linked to fabric 10 then, and this point allows to have bigger elasticity on Unit Weight is selected.Scrim 11 is fed into above the filtration fabrics 10 by donor rollers 4.Yet, scrim 11 also can be by the upstream of feed-in carding machine 2, therefore fabric 10 ' be positioned on the scrim 11, preferable configuration are that scrim is used in interbed among two skins, and this is presented at Fig. 1 by the 2nd ' carding machine with same numbering.Equally, second fabric can carding machine 2 ' be released be connected to then fabric 10 ', and fabric 10 and 10 ' have different Unit Weights, the use of these two kinds of fabrics provides conforming low variational filter fabric especially.
This class precharge knits that dimension is preferably issued patent the 30th, 782 again by the U.S. and 31, No. 285 described methods form.With regard to present circumstances, it is to be formed (for example, by crown emission electrode) by an electrostatic charge film that this class is knitted dimension, knits dimension earlier by former knitting, and is that providing of square crossing knitted dimension with essence again.
Fabric 10 and scrim 11 are fed to acupuncture station 5, be bonded to form filtration fabrics 12 in the effect of fabric 10 by acupuncture, this acupuncture preferably penetrated tissue layer, at first, the firmly horizontal dimension of knitting enters into scrim, impel then to knit dimension and link with scrim, and preferable configuration is with fabric 10 ' the be used as substrate of knitting dimension, this acupuncture can be arranged to penetrate filtration fabrics 12 mixtures, about every square centimeter of 10 to 300 holes.Yet higher needling density helps tight filtration fabrics 12, increases the pressure loss through filter.Every square centimeter of acupuncture is most preferably less than 75 holes, and needle point method links mixture and is collected in work beam 6 then, is convenient to conversion thereafter.
In typical case, be anisotropic by the fabric that carding operation formed, tie up the orthodromic and have bigger knitting in machine direction, generally allow fabric treating stability in this direction.Yet lower basis weights is not easy to handle.In fact, in the past in order to improve the easily property handled of non-woven, once fabric acupuncture was knitted bond between dimension with increase, yet, just have been found that, general this will cause the conforming division of Electret fabrics, and the problem of the division of this fabric uniformity is particularly more serious when the random distribution device is used for increasing the nominal Unit Weight.
But not be contemplated that and use needle point method to handle former the knitting non-woven of electret, when acupuncture during to lower floor's scrim holder, the uniformity that can increase Electret fabrics greatly is found, and good especially uniformity result is also obtained.At this, two fabrics are by the scrim between acupuncture to two fabric, and the index variation of the filtration fabrics of these scrim supports does not conform to the similar fabric of scrim holder when being different from preparation significantly.
This scrim material can be any known reinforcement scrim, fabric or non-woven all can, the non-scrim of knitting.Preferable generally is with disclosed cost and grade is foundation, this scrim material, and preferable also can be polymer.For the purpose that can utilize again, preferably use can be compatible with the electret non-woven polymer, a kind of scrim of non-woven material generally can be processed to increase tensile properties, heat embossing for example, calandaring, sound wave bond (sonic bonding) is knitted Wesy's adhesive or similar approach, and a kind of typical scrim material can be antiseized polypropylene non-woven.
It may be that non-conducting electricity property film by crown electric charge and former knitting is formed that the precharge electret is knitted dimension preferable, and the film that is fit to forms material, comprises gathering rare class, polypropylene for example, linear low density polyethylene, poly-1-butylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene; Or polyvinyl chloride; The aromatic series polyaromatic hydrocarbon; As polystyrene; Merlon; Polyester; With co-polymer and their admixture, preferably there are not the polyalkenes of alkyl branch and their copolymer, good especially is polypropylene and polyacrylic copolymer.The prior art not additive of same-action can be blended together with the polymer or the co-polymer of non-conductive property, for example, poly-(4-methyl-1-pentene) is as United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 873, No. 399 fatty acid metal salts such as United States Patent (USP) the 4th are carried by institute, 789, No. 504 disclose or particulate as by United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 456, No. 648 institute is carried.
The present invention can be understood, knit the method for tieing up to fabric as being applied in other formation electric charge, comprise air lay, electrostatic precipitation, blue many fabrics (Rando Webs) and similar approach, knit dimension and enter the uniformity fabric along with forming electric charge, similar problem can be run into along with the formation method of these fabrics.
The non-dimensional fabric of knitting of a kind of former knitting, according to being described in the device manufacturing that Fig. 1 uses a random distribution device and scrim (example C1-C5), this scrim be with sandwich form between carding machine 2 and 2 ' formed between the fabric, use knit the dimension be to issue patent the 30th again according to the U.S., former the knitting electret of polypropylene that is formed for No. 782, these are knitted dimension and are used to not compare like fabric with embedding scrim and so on, and the scrim that is embedded into is that the commercial Unit Weight that can obtain approximately is 10 gram/m 2The antiseized soft fabric of (LutrasilTM derives from Karl Freudenberg, Kaiserslautern, Germany).
The Unit Weight of fabric (BW) is by claiming that an area is 100cm 2Disk and determine, convert gram/m again to 2, measure method that penetration power and pressure falls and be with TSI automatic fitration test machine (Automatic Filter Testing machine, pattern 8110, Technical Sourcing Internation, Minneapolis is MN) according to test area 50m 2Measured with the condition of 0.2m/s air velocity.Air comprises the NaCl aerosol, wherein penetration power is that ratio with the following current of NaCl in the filter and adverse current concentration is divided by 100, variation number (COV) is defined as the ratio of standard deviation and Unit Weight, it is to take the textile properties of sample to calculate by at least 7 positions on the fabric, and these results finish in table 1 and 2.
Qualitative factor Q is defined as mathematical expression: Q = - ln ( % p / 100 ) ΔP Wherein %p is a penetration power percentage, and Δ P is that pressure falls, and unit is Pascal, and ln table natural logrithm.This value just and along with the minimizing of penetration power is always and increases, and is opposite, and when increase falls in pressure, then the Q value reduces, normally a kind of index of Q value but with unit levy irrelevant, therefore, the possible strainability that can be used to the fabric of comparison difference Unit Weights of Q value.
Table 1
Example Average g/m 2 Average Q l/Pa Average delta P Average %P ????％COV ????BW ????％COV ????ΔP ????％COV ????％P
????1 ????60.2 ????0.21 ????5.0 ????17.90 ????5.6 ????9.7 ????8.7
????2 ????93.6 ????0.19 ????10.0 ????15.80 ????5.1 ????8.2 ????7.0
????3 ????153.7 ????0.15 ????23.10 ????3.39 ????2.8 ????6.7 ????13.9
????4 ????207.9 ????0.14 ????31.5 ????1.39 ????4.1 ????6.7 ????20.9
????5 ????260.8 ????0.11 ????45.2 ????0.58 ????3.7 ????6.0 ????13.6
Table 2
Pattern Average BW ' g/m 2 ??％COV?BW Average %P ??％COV％P ????ΔP?Pa ??％COVΔP Average Q l/Pa
????6 ????54.63 ????3.15 ????28.76 ????5.1 ????5.2 ????3.2 ????0.24
????7 ????94.57 ????3.4 ????12.89 ????7.3 ????8.0 ????6.9 ????0.26
????8 ????143.00 ????2.8 ????4.00 ????11.2 ????15.1 ????7.9 ????0.21
????9 ????191.63 ????3.0 ????1.65 ????12.2 ????25.2 ????5.4 ????0.16
????10 ????205.79 ????1.8 ????1.2?8 ????10.9 ????27.5 ????2.9 ????0.16
????11 ????244.07 ????3.4 ????0.65 ????17.5 ????36.5 ????6.7 ????0.14
????C1 ????64.7 ????8.7 ????29.0 ????16.8 ????4.4 ????15.9 ????0.29
????C2 ????112.63 ????6.7 ????8.97 ????20.1 ????9.1 ????15.7 ????0.27
????C3 ????153.17 ????4.2 ????3.31 ????23.6 ????15.9 ????12.6 ????0.21
????C4 ????191.20 ????4.5 ????1.91 ????33.0 ????24.3 ????10.1 ????0.16
????C5 ????242.06 ????5.4 ????1.33 ????24.0 ????36.2 ????7.1 ????0.12
1. the non-scrim of knitting is got rid of in the adjustment of Unit Weight.
Because the words of comparative unit weight fabric, the COV value reduces, meaning this exemplary fabric 1-11 fabric does not relatively have the scrim of reinforcement (example C1-C5 relatively), the most important minimizing of COV value famous be to hang down the Unit Weight fabric (for example, to be less than about 120g/m 2).The improvement general introduction of this point be described in Fig. 2, wherein Y-axis represents to have the % of the example of scrim embedding than the example COV minimizing of no scrim embedding, the X-axis table is the nominal Unit Weight of fabric relatively, and A represents Unit Weight in the hurdle, and the B hurdle is that penetration power and C hurdle fall for pressure.
Modification that the present invention is different and change are conspicuous technically, are not restricted to purpose in this disclosed explanation but do not leave the present invention's scope and spirit and the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a non-woven electret filter comprises at least one by the weaving filter net (10) that the non-conductive fiber of electrostatic charge constitutes, and it is characterized in that above-mentioned screen pack (10) engages with enhancing scrim (11) by needle point method.
2. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 1, wherein said non-conductive fiber is formed by former the knitting of the film forming electrostatic charge film of condensate.
3. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 2, fiber wherein is polypropylene polymer or co-polymer.
4. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 1, wherein strengthen scrim (11) and be the intermediate layer between the weaving filter net that is positioned at two skins (10,10 ').
5. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 1, wherein weaving filter net (10) is a random distribution.
6. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 5, wherein non-to knit screen pack (10) be random distribution.
7. according to the non-woven electret filter of claim 1, wherein total Unit Weight of having of non-woven material is less than 120 gram/m 2
CN96107566A 1992-02-20 1996-05-29 Scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web Expired - Fee Related CN1076976C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US839,110 1992-02-20
US07/839,110 US5230800A (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web
US839110 1992-02-20

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CN93101221A Division CN1043672C (en) 1992-02-20 1993-02-19 Scrim inserted electrostatic fibrous filter web

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CN1153678A true CN1153678A (en) 1997-07-09
CN1076976C CN1076976C (en) 2002-01-02

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US (1) US5230800A (en)
EP (1) EP0626878B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2746750B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100218126B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1043672C (en)
AU (1) AU656837B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2128707C (en)
DE (1) DE69210047T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2086213T5 (en)
HK (1) HK1007974A1 (en)
MX (1) MX9300484A (en)
MY (1) MY108030A (en)
SG (1) SG44583A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993016783A1 (en)

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US5230800A (en) 1993-07-27
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AU656837B2 (en) 1995-02-16
MY108030A (en) 1996-07-30

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