CN115355071B - In-cylinder brake mechanism and method for engine - Google Patents
In-cylinder brake mechanism and method for engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115355071B CN115355071B CN202211299202.1A CN202211299202A CN115355071B CN 115355071 B CN115355071 B CN 115355071B CN 202211299202 A CN202211299202 A CN 202211299202A CN 115355071 B CN115355071 B CN 115355071B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of in-cylinder braking of engines, in particular to an in-cylinder braking mechanism and a method of an engine, wherein the existing hydraulic braking has a plurality of defects due to the attribute of a hydraulic system; the method is realized by the following scheme: the rocker arm can swing around a rocker arm shaft configured on the rocker arm, one end of the rocker arm is a power input end, the other end of the rocker arm is a power output end, and a sliding pin cavity and a piston cavity are arranged at the power output end; the piston is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, keeps in contact with the valve ejector rod and pushes the valve ejector rod to move; and the sliding pin is in sliding fit with the sliding pin cavity and moves to realize the contact or the separation of the sliding pin and the top end of the piston.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of braking in an engine cylinder, in particular to a braking mechanism and a braking method in the engine cylinder.
Background
When the vehicle is on a long downhill, the gear reduction utilizes the braking in the engine cylinder to reduce the use of the brake, and the problem of brake failure caused by heating of a brake block due to long-time brake stepping can be avoided. In-cylinder braking is a braking action on a driving wheel by utilizing compression resistance generated by the compression stroke of an engine and internal friction force and air intake and exhaust resistance. The main principle is as follows: 1. after the throttle valve is loosened, the exhaust valve is opened instantly when the piston is positioned near the upper extreme point in the compression stroke stage, and high-pressure gas is released; 2. the exhaust valve is closed, and the cylinder has little gas, so that the cylinder is in a negative pressure state when the piston turns downwards from the upper pole in the explosion (expansion) stage; 3. the gas can prevent the piston from descending, the piston is equivalent to vacuumizing, and the torque action in the opposite direction of the crankshaft is generated, so that the braking action is generated.
The existing engine cylinder brake is of a hydraulic type, when the engine cylinder brake works normally, the control electromagnetic valve is in a closed state, the length of a brake piston is short, the brake piston cannot contact with a valve ejector rod, and the brake does not work. In the braking working mode, the control electromagnetic valve is opened, the braking piston extends under the action of oil pressure, and the valve ejector rod is pushed to further push the valve to open so as to realize the braking function.
However, this braking method has disadvantages: (1) vicious cycle between force and hydraulic deformation: "brake force increase-hydraulic deformation increase-brake valve lift decrease-brake force greater"; (2) The braking power of the medium and low rotating speed is low, and the braking valve is opened too early and too high; (3) The natural frequency is low, and the brake valve system resonates, so that the brake load is fluctuated and overloaded, and the fatigue failure is caused; (4) Leakage, oil temperature, oil pressure, and air content affect braking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an in-cylinder brake mechanism and a method of an engine, which aim to solve the problems of the existing hydraulic in-cylinder brake of the engine. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an in-cylinder engine brake mechanism comprising:
the rocker arm can swing around a rocker arm shaft configured on the rocker arm, one end of the rocker arm is a power input end, the other end of the rocker arm is a power output end, and a sliding pin cavity and a piston cavity are arranged at the power output end;
the piston is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, keeps in contact with the valve ejector rod and pushes the valve ejector rod to move;
and the sliding pin is in sliding fit with the sliding pin cavity and moves through the sliding pin to realize the contact or the separation of the sliding pin and the top end of the piston.
As a further technical scheme, the sliding pin cavity is positioned above the piston cavity and vertically arranged, the sliding pin cavity is provided with a contact section, and the piston cavity is aligned with the contact section and communicated with the contact section.
As a further technical scheme, the sliding pin cavity is further provided with a limiting section and a separating section which are respectively arranged at two sides of the contact section, the limiting section is provided with a first return spring connected with the sliding pin, and the separating section is communicated with a brake oil way.
As a further technical scheme, the limiting section is provided with a sliding pin limiting screw, and the first return spring is installed on the sliding pin limiting screw.
As a further technical scheme, the upper end of the piston is provided with an arc groove which is vertical to the guide surface of the piston and is matched with the sliding pin.
As a further technical scheme, the waist of the piston is provided with a guide groove, the piston cavity is provided with a piston limit screw, and the guide groove is matched with the piston limit screw for guiding.
As a further technical scheme, the piston cavity is provided with a lubricating oil way.
As a further technical scheme, a cushion block for adjusting the valve clearance is arranged between the piston and the valve ejector rod.
As a further technical scheme, a roller matched with the camshaft and a second return spring for keeping the roller in contact with the camshaft are arranged at the power input end of the rocker arm.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a braking method of an in-cylinder brake mechanism for an engine according to the first aspect, including the steps of:
when the brake is prepared, the sliding pin in the sliding pin cavity moves to be contacted with the top end of the piston, and the piston and the rocker arm synchronously act to drive the exhaust valve to move to achieve a brake state;
the sliding pin in the sliding pin cavity moves towards one side of the top end of the piston and is separated from the top end of the piston, the rocker arm and the piston do not move in a lost motion mode, the exhaust valve cannot be driven to move, and the braking state is relieved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The sliding pin in the sliding pin cavity moves and is contacted with the top end of the piston, and the piston and the rocker arm synchronously act to drive the exhaust valve to move, so that the braking state can be achieved; the sliding pin in the sliding pin cavity moves towards one side of the top end of the piston and is separated from the top end of the piston, the rocker arm and the piston do not move in a lost motion mode, the exhaust valve cannot be driven to move, and therefore the braking state can be relieved.
(2) The invention adopts the mechanical rigid connection structure to realize in-cylinder braking, has no inherent problems of hydraulic systems such as hydraulic stress deformation, hydraulic delay and the like, has fast braking reaction and good reliability compared with a hydraulic braking structure, and is not influenced by oil temperature, oil pressure, air content and the like.
(3) The sliding pin cavity is provided with a contact section, a limiting section and a separation section, wherein the limiting section and the separation section are respectively arranged on two sides of the contact section, the piston cavity is aligned with and communicated with the contact section, the piston can realize the contact with the sliding pin cavity at the contact section, and the separation section provides space and conditions for the separation of the contact. In addition, the sliding pin moves to the position above the piston under the action of hydraulic oil in the separation section, so that the rocker arm and the piston are in rigid contact, and can return to the original position under the action of the first return spring in the limiting section, so that lost motion is realized between the rocker arm and the piston.
(4) The piston is provided with the arc groove matched with the sliding pin, so that the contact area of the piston and the sliding pin in rigid contact is ensured, and the contact stress is reduced. The piston is also provided with a guide groove matched with the piston limit screw, so that the piston is limited and guided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. It will be further appreciated that the drawings are for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. The invention will now be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a braking state of a braking mechanism in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a non-braking state of the braking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a piston structure in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a slide pin structure in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. an exhaust valve; 2. a valve ejector rod; 3. a cushion block; 4. a piston; 41. a guide groove; 42. an arc groove; 5. a piston limit screw; 6. a sliding pin limit screw; 7. a first return spring; 8. a slide pin; 81. a guiding conical surface; 82. a spring positioning groove; 9. a rocker arm; 10. a brake oil path; 11. a spring support; 12. a second return spring; 13. a roller; 14. a roll pin; 15. a camshaft; 16. a sliding bearing; 17. a rocker shaft; 18. and a lubricating oil path.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an in-cylinder brake mechanism for an engine, which includes a rocker arm 9, a slide pin 8 disposed in a slide pin chamber, and a piston 4 disposed in a piston chamber.
The rocker arm 9 swings around a rocker arm shaft 17, the rocker arm shaft 17 is fixedly arranged, a brake oil path 10 and a lubricating oil path 18 are processed on the shaft, a sliding bearing 16 is arranged in a hole of the rocker arm 9, and then the rocker arm shaft 17 is sleeved with the sliding bearing. The rocker arm shaft 17 is used as a dividing point, one end of the rocker arm 9 is used as a power input end, and the other end of the rocker arm is used as a power output end.
At the power input end of the rocker arm 9 there is a roller 13 cooperating with a camshaft 15, and a second return spring 12 which keeps the roller 13 in contact with the camshaft 15. The cam shaft 15 drives the roller 13, the roller 13 drives the roller pin 14, and the roller pin 14 drives the rocker arm 9 to swing. The second return spring 12 is mounted on a spring support 11, and the spring support 11 can be fixed on the rocker arm shaft 17 and ensures that the rocker arm 9 and the camshaft 15 are always kept in contact and are not separated in the operation process together with the second return spring 12.
And a sliding pin cavity and a piston cavity are arranged at the power output end. The piston 4 is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, keeps in contact with the valve ejector rod 2 and pushes the valve ejector rod to move; the sliding pin 8 is in sliding fit with the sliding pin cavity, and the sliding pin 8 moves to contact or separate from the top end of the piston 4.
The sliding pin 8 in the sliding pin cavity moves to contact with the top end of the piston 4, and the piston 4 and the rocker arm 9 act synchronously to drive the exhaust valve 1 to move, so that the braking state can be achieved; the sliding pin 8 in the sliding pin cavity moves towards one side of the top end of the piston 4 and is separated from the top end of the piston, the rocker arm 9 and the piston 4 do not move in a lost motion mode, the exhaust valve 1 cannot be driven to move, and therefore the braking state can be relieved.
The hydraulic brake structure has the following problems: a vicious cycle between force and hydraulic deformation; the braking power of the medium and low rotating speed is low-the braking valve is opened too early and too high (because of hydraulic delay influence, the hydraulic delay angle is smaller than the high speed at the medium and low speed, so the valve is opened early; the natural frequency is low, and fatigue failure is easy to cause; leakage, oil temperature, oil pressure, and air content affect braking. The existence of these problems is related to the nature of the hydraulic system itself.
In the embodiment, the mechanical rigid connection structure is adopted to realize in-cylinder braking, the inherent problems of hydraulic systems such as hydraulic stress deformation and hydraulic delay do not exist, and compared with a hydraulic braking structure, the mechanical rigid connection structure has the advantages of fast braking reaction, good reliability and no influence of oil temperature, oil pressure, air content and the like.
In this embodiment, the sliding pin cavity is located above the piston cavity and both are vertically arranged, as shown in the directions of fig. 1 and fig. 2, the sliding pin cavity is transversely arranged, the piston cavity is longitudinally arranged and is communicated at a set position, and the top end of the piston 4 is ensured to be in contact with the sliding pin 8.
The sliding pin cavity is provided with a contact section, a limiting section and a separation section, the limiting section and the separation section are respectively arranged on two sides of the contact section, the limiting section is provided with a first return spring 7 connected with a sliding pin 8, and the separation section is communicated with a brake oil way 10. The brake oil path 10 is always communicated with the separation section of the sliding pin cavity, after the control electromagnetic valve switches on the brake oil path 10, the sliding pin 8 moves leftwards under the action of oil pressure and overcomes the acting force of the first return spring 7 until the sliding pin contacts the sliding pin limiting screw 6 arranged at the limiting section, at this moment, the whole brake mechanism works in a braking state, when the cam shaft 15 drives the roller 13, the roller 13 drives the roller pin 14, and the roller pin 14 drives the rocker arm 9 to swing, the rocker arm 9, the sliding pin 8, the piston 4, the cushion block 3, the valve ejector rod 2 and the exhaust valve 1 are all in rigid contact and move together, and the braking function is realized, as shown in figure 1.
When the control solenoid valve cuts off the brake oil path 10, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding pin 8 returns under the action of the first return spring 7 and is separated from the piston 4, and at this time, the rocker arm 9 and the piston 4 do not move in a lost motion manner, so that the exhaust valve 1 cannot be driven to move, and the braking state is released.
The sliding pin cavity is provided with a contact section, a limiting section and a separation section, the limiting section and the separation section are respectively arranged on two sides of the sliding pin cavity, the piston cavity is aligned to the contact section and communicated with the contact section, the piston 4 can be in contact with the sliding pin cavity at the contact section, and the separation section provides space and conditions for separation of contact. In addition, the sliding pin 8 moves above the piston 4 under the action of the hydraulic oil in the disengagement section, so that a rigid contact is achieved between the rocker arm 9 and the piston 4. And the rocker arm can return to the original position under the action of the first return spring 7 in the limiting section, so that the lost motion between the rocker arm 9 and the piston 4 is realized.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the piston 4 and the sliding pin 8 are integrally cylindrical, and in order to perform matching, both the piston cavity and the sliding pin cavity are provided with hole structures, so that a good matching relationship is achieved, and the sliding pin 8 and the sliding pin cavity are in sealing matching because hydraulic oil is filled in the sliding pin cavity.
The slide pin 8 is provided with a spring positioning groove 82 and a guide tapered surface 81. The first return spring 7 is mounted on the sliding pin limit screw 6 at one end and in the spring positioning groove 82 at the other end.
In the movement process, the brake oil path 10 on the rocker arm shaft 17 is always communicated with the sliding pin cavity, and the lubricating oil path 18 is always communicated with the lubricating oil path 18 on the rocker arm 9 and used for lubricating the piston 4.
The upper end of the piston 4 is provided with an arc groove 42 which is vertical to the guide surface and is matched with the sliding pin 8. The arc radius of the arc groove 42 is slightly larger than the radius of the sliding pin 8, so that the sliding pin 8 can smoothly slide in the arc groove 42. Meanwhile, the arc groove 42 is arranged, so that the contact area of the piston 4 and the sliding pin 8 in rigid contact can be increased, and the contact stress is reduced.
The guide groove 41 is arranged at the waist of the piston 4, the piston cavity is provided with the piston limit screw 5, the guide groove 41 and the piston limit screw 5 are matched for guiding, and the direction of the arc groove 42 on the piston 4 is always consistent with the direction of the sliding pin cavity on the rocker arm 9 in the movement process.
Be equipped with the cushion 3 that is used for adjusting valve clearance between piston 4 and the valve ejector pin 2, cushion 3 is according to highly classifying, chooses for use according to actual need.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a braking method according to an in-cylinder brake mechanism of an engine as described in embodiment 1, including the steps of:
when the braking is ready, the control electromagnetic valve switches on the braking oil path 10, the sliding pin 8 overcomes the acting force of the first return spring 7 to move left under the action of oil pressure until the sliding pin 8 contacts the sliding pin limiting screw 6 arranged at the limiting section, at the moment, the sliding pin 8 contacts the top end of the piston 4, at the moment, the whole braking mechanism works in a braking state, when the camshaft 15 drives the roller 13, the roller 13 drives the roller pin 14, and the roller pin 14 drives the rocker arm 9 to swing, the rocker arm 9 and the sliding pin 8, the piston 4, the cushion block 3, the valve ejector rod 2 and the exhaust valve 1 are all in rigid contact and move together, and the braking function is realized, as shown in fig. 1.
When the control solenoid valve cuts off the brake oil path 10, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding pin 8 returns under the action of the first return spring 7 and is separated from the piston 4, at this time, the rocker arm 9 and the piston 4 do not move in a lost motion manner, the exhaust valve 1 cannot be driven to move, and the braking state is released.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an engine in-cylinder brake mechanism, includes rocking arm (9), can swing around the rocking arm axle of its self configuration, and rocking arm one end is power input end, and the other end is power output end, its characterized in that: the rocker arm (9) is provided with a sliding pin cavity and a piston cavity at a power output end, and the sliding pin cavity is positioned above the piston cavity and is vertically arranged; further comprising: the piston (4) is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, keeps in contact with the valve ejector rod (2) and pushes the valve ejector rod to move, an arc groove (42) which is perpendicular to a guide surface of the piston (4) and is matched with the sliding pin (8) is formed in the upper end of the piston (4), a guide groove (41) is formed in the waist of the piston (4), a piston limiting screw (5) is arranged in the piston cavity, the guide groove (41) is matched with the piston limiting screw (5) for guiding, and a cushion block (3) for adjusting a valve clearance is arranged between the piston (4) and the valve ejector rod (2); a sliding pin (8) is in sliding fit with the sliding pin cavity, and the sliding pin (8) moves to contact or separate from the top end of the piston (4); the sliding pin cavity is provided with a contact section, a limiting section and a disengaging section, the limiting section and the disengaging section are respectively arranged on two sides of the contact section, the piston cavity is aligned with and communicated with the contact section, the limiting section is provided with a first return spring (7) connected with the sliding pin (8), the disengaging section is communicated with a brake oil way (10), and the brake oil way (10) is always communicated with the disengaging section of the sliding pin cavity; when the control electromagnetic valve switches on the braking oil circuit (10), the sliding pin (8) overcomes the acting force of the first return spring (7) to move left under the action of oil pressure until the sliding pin is contacted with the sliding pin limiting screw (6) arranged at the limiting section, the braking mechanism works in a braking state at the moment, and when the rocker arm (9) swings, the rocker arm (9) and the sliding pin (8), the piston (4), the cushion block (3), the valve ejector rod (2) and the exhaust valve (1) are all in rigid contact and move together to realize the braking function.
2. An in-cylinder engine brake mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the first return spring (7) is mounted on a slide pin limit screw (6) provided at the limit section.
3. An in-cylinder engine brake mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston chamber is provided with a lubricating oil passage (18).
4. An in-cylinder engine brake mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a roller (13) engaging with a cam shaft (15) and a second return spring (12) holding the roller (13) in contact with the cam shaft (15) are provided at the power input end of the rocker arm (9).
5. The method for braking an in-cylinder brake mechanism for an engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: when the braking is prepared, the sliding pin (8) in the sliding pin cavity moves to be contacted with the top end of the piston (4), and the piston (4) and the rocker arm (9) synchronously act to drive the exhaust valve (1) to move to achieve a braking state; the sliding pin (8) in the sliding pin cavity moves towards one side of the top end of the piston (4) and is separated from the top end of the piston, the rocker arm (9) and the piston (4) do not move in a lost motion mode, the exhaust valve (1) cannot be driven to move, and the braking state is relieved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211299202.1A CN115355071B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | In-cylinder brake mechanism and method for engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211299202.1A CN115355071B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | In-cylinder brake mechanism and method for engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115355071A CN115355071A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
| CN115355071B true CN115355071B (en) | 2023-02-10 |
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| CN202211299202.1A Active CN115355071B (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | In-cylinder brake mechanism and method for engine |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN116085087B (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-07-18 | 龙口中宇热管理***科技有限公司 | In-cylinder braking mechanism and method for engine |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4793307A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-27 | The Jacobs Manufacturing Company | Rocker arm decoupler for two-cycle engine retarder |
| CN100344863C (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2007-10-24 | 马银良 | Valve throttling engine speed reducer |
| CN102261283B (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2013-10-09 | 上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司 | Fixed chain-type engine brake device |
| CN107829791B (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2021-01-05 | 雅各布斯车辆***公司 | Combined engine braking and positive power engine lost motion valve actuation system |
| KR101714124B1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-03-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | apparatus for resetting of Engine brake using decompressing |
| AT516513B1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-15 | MAN Truck & Bus Österreich AG | An engine braking device for an internal combustion engine and method for operating an engine braking device |
| CN210889059U (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-06-30 | 江苏卓联精密机械有限公司 | Mechanical engine brake device |
| CN212716801U (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-03-16 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine braking device and engine |
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